A qualitative study of the Swedish party leader’s presentation on Instagram.  Social media has become a big part of political communication. It makes it possible to spread messages and information directly to its voters without having to go through the traditional media, which they needed to before the age of social media. After finding a research gap about politicians' presentation on Instagram in a Swedish context, this study aims to examine four Swedish party leaders' presentations on Instagram by using qualitative methods where their image and text art studied. The study is based on Goffman's dramaturgical perspective and the phenomenon of personal branding.  The study shows that the party leaders' posts have a clear political focus with varied personal elements in the self-presentation depending on the party leader and the political affiliation. Posts with political content show a prominence that aims to emphasize its role as a leader, which is enhanced by the formal dress and the setting shown in the pictures. These posts are aimed to influence, inform and enlighten. The more private and personal pictures are supposed to present an ordinary side of the party leader and create recognition that the voters can relate to by showing emotions, family life and hobbies. But even though these pictures may feel personal and look like the party leader lets the followers into private life, there is an impression control, where they themselves have chosen what they want to share and highlight the sides in the self that they want to associate their personal brand with.

Opportunities to be and remain healthy are unequally distributed across socioeconomic groups and emerge and widen throughout childhood and adolescence. This thesis seeks to answer if social relationships are one of the mechanisms that operate in the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health among Swedish adolescents, using the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) survey round 2009/10. It also aims to clarify which aspect of social relationships – its structure or function - matters more for health. Network structure includes its size and frequency of contact, and network function refers to resources received from those in the network, such as social support. The research questions guiding the thesis are: (1) Is higher socioeconomic status associated with higher self-rated health and wellbeing among Swedish adolescents? (2) Does the structure and the function of the child’s social relationships mediate in the associations in question 1? (3) Which aspect of social relationships (structure or function) mediates the associations in question 1 to the largest extent? Research questions are addressed by a mediation analysis using regression models to explore which indicators of social relationships mediate the associations between SES and health and wellbeing. Results showed a positive association between SES and health and wellbeing, and mainly three significant mediators were found which indicated that children with higher SES receive higher social support from their parents and peers and have a larger network which in turn lead to better health and wellbeing. Finally, results indicated that it is the function of social relationships rather than the structure that mediates to the largest extent.

Med hjälp av en vetenskaplig grund i teorin om social konstruktion har nio kvalitativa intervjuer genomförts med läkare verksamma inom klinisk patologi, i Sverige. Intervjuerna har fokuserat på att undersöka hur patologerna ser på artificiell intelligens, AI, och hur de tror deras yrke kommer förändras på grund av AI. Vidare undersökte även intervjuerna hur patologerna tror att det kommer vara att arbeta med AI som en del i deras vardag. Sammanfattningsvis visar resultatet att olika patologer har olika inställning till AI och således även olika mycket förhoppning eller förtvivlan inför vad som komma skall. De ser fördelar och nackdelar, risker till försämring och chanser till förbättring. Studiens grund i social konstruktion kompletterar resultatet med att vilka sociala grupper som anses relevanta med fördel kan expanderas samt även att dessa grupper behöver ta sin roll i den sociala konstruktionen av den nya teknologi som AI innebär.

Although the theory of social disorganisation does emphasise the influences neighbourhood dynamics have on youth, it does not consider if the risk factors of mobility, delinquent friends, ethnicity, and low socioeconomic factors, affect boys and girls in similar ways. The purpose and aim of this study is to contribute with gender-based research to the field of criminology that can be used when developing interventions among juveniles with delinquent behaviour. Delinquent behaviour was in the study delimited to drug use. The study used bivariate analysis, logistic regression and hierarchy regression as the method of analyses. The results showed that there are significant similarities and differences between girls and boys. It was possible to see significant similarities between boys and girls in relation to delinquent friends and drug use. Mobility was an important variable for girls in relation to drug use, but not for boys. Mobility affected girls in the opposite direction of what was expected according to theory of social disorganisation: low amount of mobility increased the risk for drug use significantly among girls.

The aim of this thesis is to explore and discover how an immigrant ‘finds home’ inSweden through homeownership and to document first-hand experiences on their journey tohomeownership. Thirteen questions were sent via e-mail to twelve (12) participants whowere self-identified immigrants within Sweden. This deductive research rests on thetheoretical framework of the Theory of Finding Home (ToFH) and research on the meaningof ‘home’ that supports the hypothesis that homeownership contributes to an immigrant‘finding home’ in Sweden. The twelve (12) immigrants in Sweden of various backgroundsprovide the foundation for the analysis by elaborating on the relationship between owning ahome and the feeling of being at ‘home’ in Sweden. Home is found to be closely associatedwith feelings of belonging, comfort, safety, and financial well-being. The respondents’answers strongly suggest that owning a house/apartment in Sweden is a tremendousaccomplishment for an immigrant and serves as a major factor in finding the feeling of being‘at home.’

We argue that intrinsic values have been overshadowed by neoliberal measurable values in Swedish schools. Based on previous research, intrinsic values seem to evolve within pupils in nature. The purpose of this study is to explore social interactions between pupils and teachers in nature and hence explore if pupils tend to practice any intrinsic values important to the social studies subject in upper secondary school. We argue that social studies is about “building society” together and that pupils’ ability to maintain a community, be solidaric and inherently take responsibility are important in this process. Hence, through non-participatory observations, we observe what happens with social interactions among upper secondary pupils and teachers in a national park. A thematic analysis of the empirical data resulted in three themes: responsibility, community, and power. The themes were analyzed through a sociological perspective using concepts such as mechanical and organic solidarity, Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft, as well as a relational power perspective. We conclude that the common goals formed in nature strengthen community and responsibility while power becomes more symmetrical. Finally, we discuss the professional relevance of the study by suggesting how social studies teachers can take their classroom outside to promote pupils’ inherent willingness to take responsibility and be solidaric.

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Denna studie undersöker betydelsen av sociala nätverk och rekreationsaktiviteter för välbefinnandet hos ett urval skandinaviska sjöfarare, med särskilt fokus på hur dessa aktiviteter påverkar deras psykosociala hälsa ombord på fartyg. Studien belyser sambandet mellan mental ohälsa och tillgängligheten till rekreationsmöjligheter, samt analyserar effekterna av internet och socialt stöd för att hantera isolering och stress. Genom en kvalitativ metodologi med semistrukturerade intervjuer och användning av Social Network Theory, analyseras dynamiken och interpersonella relationer ombord. Resultaten tyder på att sjöfararna starkt värderar rekreationsaktiviteter såsom fysisk träning och social interaktion, vilka bidrar till en känsla av normalitet och minskar känslor av isolering. En kritisk faktor är behovet av stark social sammanhållning, främjad av gemensamma aktiviteter, men studien identifierar även utmaningar såsom bristen på djupgående relationer och behovet av att balansera socialt umgänge med individuella behov. Studien understryker vikten av fortsatta undersökningar för att förbättra sjöfararnas arbetsförhållanden och välbefinnande, och erbjuder insikter för strategiutveckling. / This study explores the significance of social networks and recreational activities for the well-being of a group of Scandinavian seafarers, with a particular focus on how these activities impact their psychosocial health aboard ships. The research highlights the relationship between mental health issues and the availability of recreational opportunities and analyzes the effects of internet and social support in managing isolation and stress. Employing a qualitative methodology with semi-structured interviews and using Social Network Theory, the dynamics and interpersonal relationships aboard are analyzed. The results suggest that seafarers highly value recreational activities such as physical exercise and social interaction, which contribute to a sense of normality and reduce feelings of isolation. A critical factor is the need for strong social cohesion, promoted by shared activities, but the study also identifies challenges such as the lack of deep relationships and the need to balance social engagement with individual needs. The study underscores the importance of continued investigations to improve the working conditions and well-being of seafarers and provides insights for developing strategies that support these goals.

In this essay we have chosen to study single mothers who in conjunction with their parental leave have chosen to change career direction. Through personal and previous experiences during our time at Malmö University we have come into contact with single mothers who had gone through a journey such as the one described which in form led us to question what influences this group and how guidance counsellors can guide them through these turning-points. To be able to identify the reasons for the change of career direction we have chosen to use the following questions: What factors have influenced single mothers'  who have decided to change career direction? Have single mothers' views on their career development changed in the context of parenthood? If so, how? How can career counsellors best guide single mothers in their career transitions?     We have carried out qualitative interviews with six informants who have decided to change career direction by studying or changing workplace. The theoretical framework this essay will be analysed through is based on Bourdieu's research regarding habitus, capital and fields and Hodkinson and Sparkes’ Careership Theory and its horizons of action, turning-points and periods of routine.     The results state that many single mothers, mainly those who have worked in the tourism-, restaurant- or event business previous to their parenthood find it difficult to combine those fields of work with the responsibility of being a single parent. As a result they have either tried to find jobs that fit with their new needs or they have chosen to study. The decision to study has been one with dual purposes; one being the possibility of a higher paying job, for which an education is quite important in Sweden, and the other being the freedom it gives you as the parent of a young child to shape your schedule to fit your current situation.

Intergenerational trauma is increasingly prevalent among youth from generations that have endured collective trauma due to prolonged armed conflict. Existing research indicates that this trauma is often linked to an elevated risk of heightened violence within affected communities. However, there remains a lack of substantial research on effective interventions for humanitarian organisations to address this issue. Moreover, typical approaches tend to follow Western standards, which may not be suitable for the conditions faced by these communities. This research paper investigates the potential of incorporating community-based coping strategies into the Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) programs employed by humanitarian organisations. Moreover, it explores whether the integration could lead to more sustainable and positive outcomes for affected communities that align with the humanitarian-development-peace nexus. This paper achieves this through an extensive literature review and a case study examining intergenerational trauma and its impact on Palestinian youth in the occupied Palestinian territories of the Gaza Strip and West Bank (including East Jerusalem). It evaluates the community-based coping strategies in place and assesses their effectiveness. The findings of this research emphasise the importance of community engagement and the incorporation of existing coping strategies to effectively address intergenerational trauma among affected youth. This research also indicates a predominantly positive association between existing coping strategies and community resilience. Moreover, the existing coping strategies utilised by the affected communities have the potential to break the cycle of violence, which frequently results from intergenerational trauma. Finally, this research presents that these strategies foster a more sustainable peace process.