A pesquisa aqui apresentada surgiu com o intuito de trazer para a sala de aula a realidade da língua italiana, proporcionando assim aos aprendizes brasileiros um meio para interagir através da comunicação, tanto oral como escrita. A preocupação que deu origem à reflexão proposta baseou-se em dois pontos fundamentais no âmbito do ensino/aprendizagem de língua estrangeira: o que ensinar e como ensinar. Para refletir sobre a primeira questão, foram problematizados os conceitos de material autêntico e de autenticidade, enquanto para a segunda foram tomados como referência os estudos relacionados ao ensino por tarefas. Com base nessas reflexões teóricas, foi realizado um curso experimental de italiano para principiantes, com uma duração de 45 horas, cujas unidades didáticas foram inteiramente elaboradas a partir de material autêntico e cujas atividades foram desenvolvidas tendo como apoio teórico o ensino por tarefas. Paralelamente ao citado curso experimental, aconteceu outro curso, também para principiantes e com a mesma duração, que pertencia aos cursos de extensão universitária da Universidade de São Paulo, para o qual foi utilizado o livro didático adotado. Os participantes dos dois cursos constituíram um grupo experimental e um grupo controle. O objetivo principal foi verificar, comparando os dois grupos, se a utilização de material didático e de atividades significativas produz diferenças não apenas no desempenho linguístico dos dois grupos, mas também em sua atitude em relação à aprendizagem da língua estrangeira. / This research appeared in order to bring to the classroom the \"reality\" of the Italian language, thereby providing to brazilian learners an instrument to interact through both oral and written communication. The concern that is part of the proposed reflection was based on two key points in the teaching/learning of foreign languages: what to teach and how to teach. For the first point, we started from the questioning of authentic material, authenticity and of the concept of task, and for the second one, we took as reference the studies about task based learning and teaching. Based on these theoretical reflections, it was designed an experimental italian course for beginners, with a duration of 45 hours, whose teaching units were created entirely starting from authentic materials and tasks. Together with this experimental course, an italian course level 1 was also realized. In this course the Italian language was studied with a teaching book. The participants of both courses constituted an experimental and a control group. The main objective was to investigate, comparing the two groups, if the utilization of teaching material and meaningful activities produces differences not only in the linguistic performance of the two groups, but also in their attitude related to the foreign language learning.

A evolução das tecnologias, junto com a expansão do uso da internet têm nos propiciado uma gama de ferramentas que podem ser utilizadas no ensino-aprendizagem na Educação Básica. Em particular, no contexto do ensino-aprendizagem da Estatística no Ensino Médio pode-se verificar a existência de numerosa quantidade de recursos educacionais para tal. Portanto, o problema que está colocado para o professor diz respeito à seleção criteriosa destes recursos para a sua utilização em sala de aula. Nesse sentido, por meio deste trabalho esperamos contribuir para o avanço deste tema propondo diferentes critérios de análise. O conjunto de critérios estabelecido mostrou-se consistente e adequado para a análise do recurso investigado e, podemos concluir que dependendo da qualidade do recurso e como este será utilizado pelo professor em sala de aula, ele poderá representar uma efetiva contribuição para o ensino-aprendizagem da Estatística no Ensino Médio. Por outro lado, corre-se o risco que se um recurso não é previamente analisado, ele poderá eventualmente favorecer o desenvolvimento de conceitos estatísticos incorretos, bem como agravar algumas das dificuldades que já se façam existentes na sua aprendizagem. / The evolution of technologies, along with the spread of the internet use, has provided us a wide range of tools that may be used in the teaching-learning process on basic education. Particularly, in the context of the teaching-learning process of Statistics in high school, it is possible to verify the existence of a huge number of open educational resources for that purpose. Thus, the problem that teachers have to face concerns the careful assessment of these resources for their use in the classroom. Therefore, through this dissertation, we aim to contribute to the advance of this topic proposing different criteria of analysis. The established set of criteria proved to be consistent and appropriate for the analysis of the investigated resource. We are able to conclude that depending on the quality of the resource and how it will be used by the teacher in the classroom, it may represent an effective contribution to the teaching-learning process of Statistics in high school. On the other hand, there is a risk that if a resource is not previously analyzed, it may eventually endorse wrong statistics concepts, as well as aggravate pre-existent difficulties in their learning process.

This dissertation investigates the relationship between Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) and language-learning approaches. In this sense, Language Learning Autonomy (LLA) seems to be the most preferred candidate by researchers in order to become the suitable approach in order to make the most out of technology (Blin, 1999; Little, 2001; Littlemore, 2003; The European Directorate General of Education and Culture, 2003; sanz, 2003; Villanueva, 2003). The increasing research on this specific field and the theoretical reflections derived from it over the last decade constitutes the framework of our study. Following previous studies (Beatty, 2003; Chapelle, 2003; Alessi, 2001; Marqués, 1995, 2001; Rushby, 1997; Shin and Wastell, 1998; Blin, 1999; Holliday, 1999; Hoven, 1997, 1999; Murray, 1998; Sanz, 2003), the aim of the present study is to examine to what extent an approach to language learning autonomy from a socioconstructivist perspective can effectively inform the design of a specific language learning package taht promotes both autonomising behaviours and positive attitudes in learners. With these reflections in mind, three aspects underline the present study, namely 1) the need to carry out qualitative studies in order to inform a theoretical framework for CALL development, 2) the need to focus on the relationship between CALL and LLA and 3) the need to examine the "teachibility"of learner autonomy by means of a language learning package designed for this specific purpose. This context motivated the following actions: 1) to design a pilot application based upon autonomising criteria (TADLA: Technology Applied to the Development of Learner Autonomy); 2) to test this design with learners with a specific learner style regarding their learner autonomy degree. And finally 3) to compare the results obtained in the tests of other language learning package (Communicate and Connect, 2003).The results obtained in the case-study confirm that the criteria upon which the design of TADLA is based could be considered the requirements that enable the integration of autonomising strategies within the learning activities. In this sense, attention to learning styles, implementation of authentic materials, the possibility of transfer and a discursive approach among others are suitable criteria for the development of attitudes that could lead to a later development of learner autonomy.

Views of teaching: implications for the didactic training of mathematics teachers. School mathematics teaching is an essential learning area in South African schools. Owing to persistent traditional positivist-based views and approaches, it still suffers from a variety of teaching-learning problems. Various national attempts have already been made to develop an effective teaching-learning program for school mathematics. Prominent researchers reveal that the failure of teaching-learning programmes often have to be attributed to the lack of an underlying grounded didactic theory. Therefore this study focused on the development of a grounded teaching-theoretical framework for school mathematics teaching. A further problem regarding school mathematics is that its teaching and learning traditionally are viewed from a narrow school subject disciplinary perspective. Therefore this study departed from a general didactic-theoretical perspective, creating the opportunity to approach and solve problems from a wider angle. A constructivist-based post-positivist view of effective teaching was developed, before entering the field of school mathematics. In this way an integrated ontologicalcontextual view of teaching was developed in terms of six identified ontological essential features, and their contextual coherence, namely: intention, teacher, leamer, interaction, content and context. Contrary to traditional positivist views, no causal relationship between teaching and learning was imposed, and teaching was not qualified in terms of learning products. Instead, teaching was characterised and qualified on ontological grounds, departing from the phenomenon itself. In this way the limitations of positivist process-product views of teaching could be identified, explained and overcome. Alternatively, a dynamic integrated view of teaching as a human act, directed at the facilitation of relevant and meaningful learning, was grounded and developed. Based on this general ontological-contextually based view, a specific ontologicalcontextual view of effective school mathematics teaching was grounded and developed. To this end a variety of prominent contemporary views of and approaches to school mathematics, and its teaching and learning, needed to be analysed in a critical way. According to this analysis school mathematics, and its teaching and learning should be viewed and approached from a constructivist-based dynamic change-and-grow perspective as human acts. In addition, it could have been proved that the perspective concerned can facilitate the treatment and solving of the currently experienced teaching-learning problems. This requires the reconsideration, from a similar perspective, of the current school mathematics curriculum, as well as the preservice didactic training of mathematics teachers. Specific implications of the developed ontological-contextual view of effective school mathematics teaching were identified, and practically tested in the corresponding preservice didactic training situation in the North West Province. Based on this an integrated model for the training concerned was formulated. It was found that the current training largely contributed to the continuation of traditional views of and approaches to school mathematics teaching, and its essential features. From the developed integrated ontological-contextual perspective definitive proposals regarding the transformation of school mathematics teaching and the corresponding didactic training were made and motivated. Further areas for investigation and development, resulting from this study, were identified, as well. This study aimed at investigating, and revealing for further exploration, the specific and broadening interaction between the general teaching and subject didactical fields and research, particularly in the two contexts of effective school mathematics teaching and the corresponding preservice didactical training. A particular attempt was made to accomplish this in a grounded and integrated way, to the benefit of both fields. / Thesis (PhD)--PU for CHE, 1998.

Šiuolaikiniame ugdyme akcentuojama, jog matematika yra reikšminga pasaulio kultūros ir veiksminga jo pažinimo dalis. Sudėtinga prisitaikyti prie nuolat kintančios tikrovės, jeigu nėra pakankamai gerai išlavinti problemų sprendimo įgūdžiai, jeigu stinga žinių, noro mokytis ir tobulėti, nepasitikima savo jėgomis. Taigi, šiuolaikinis mokymosi organizavimo procesas neįsivaizduojamas be sėkmingo mokytojo ir mokinio santykio, kuris daro poveikį mokinių mokymosi pasiekimams.Tačiau kaip nuo matematikos pamokos organizavimo būdų priklauso IV klasės mokinių mokymosi pasiekimai nėra pakankamai išnagrinėta. / It is emphasized that mathematics is important world culture and the efficient cognition part in modern education. It is complicated to adapt to the constantly changing reality, if the problem solving skills are not developed well enough, there is a lack of knowledge and desire to learn and improve, distrust to your own forces. Therefore the modern learning organization process is inconceivable without the successful relationship between the teacher and the student which influences students’ learning achievements. However it is not analyzed enough how IV form students’ learning achievements depend on the math lesson organizational methods.

Views of teaching: implications for the didactic training of mathematics teachers. School mathematics teaching is an essential learning area in South African schools. Owing to persistent traditional positivist-based views and approaches, it still suffers from a variety of teaching-learning problems. Various national attempts have already been made to develop an effective teaching-learning program for school mathematics. Prominent researchers reveal that the failure of teaching-learning programmes often have to be attributed to the lack of an underlying grounded didactic theory. Therefore this study focused on the development of a grounded teaching-theoretical framework for school mathematics teaching. A further problem regarding school mathematics is that its teaching and learning traditionally are viewed from a narrow school subject disciplinary perspective. Therefore this study departed from a general didactic-theoretical perspective, creating the opportunity to approach and solve problems from a wider angle. A constructivist-based post-positivist view of effective teaching was developed, before entering the field of school mathematics. In this way an integrated ontologicalcontextual view of teaching was developed in terms of six identified ontological essential features, and their contextual coherence, namely: intention, teacher, leamer, interaction, content and context. Contrary to traditional positivist views, no causal relationship between teaching and learning was imposed, and teaching was not qualified in terms of learning products. Instead, teaching was characterised and qualified on ontological grounds, departing from the phenomenon itself. In this way the limitations of positivist process-product views of teaching could be identified, explained and overcome. Alternatively, a dynamic integrated view of teaching as a human act, directed at the facilitation of relevant and meaningful learning, was grounded and developed. Based on this general ontological-contextually based view, a specific ontologicalcontextual view of effective school mathematics teaching was grounded and developed. To this end a variety of prominent contemporary views of and approaches to school mathematics, and its teaching and learning, needed to be analysed in a critical way. According to this analysis school mathematics, and its teaching and learning should be viewed and approached from a constructivist-based dynamic change-and-grow perspective as human acts. In addition, it could have been proved that the perspective concerned can facilitate the treatment and solving of the currently experienced teaching-learning problems. This requires the reconsideration, from a similar perspective, of the current school mathematics curriculum, as well as the preservice didactic training of mathematics teachers. Specific implications of the developed ontological-contextual view of effective school mathematics teaching were identified, and practically tested in the corresponding preservice didactic training situation in the North West Province. Based on this an integrated model for the training concerned was formulated. It was found that the current training largely contributed to the continuation of traditional views of and approaches to school mathematics teaching, and its essential features. From the developed integrated ontological-contextual perspective definitive proposals regarding the transformation of school mathematics teaching and the corresponding didactic training were made and motivated. Further areas for investigation and development, resulting from this study, were identified, as well. This study aimed at investigating, and revealing for further exploration, the specific and broadening interaction between the general teaching and subject didactical fields and research, particularly in the two contexts of effective school mathematics teaching and the corresponding preservice didactical training. A particular attempt was made to accomplish this in a grounded and integrated way, to the benefit of both fields. / Thesis (PhD)--PU for CHE, 1998.

For many students, mathematics, traditionally thought to be difficult and dull, is often considered inaccessible, generating a negative attitude towards it. In order to encourage a positive attitude towards mathematics, we propose class practices that, through research activities, will lead the students to experiment a similar path to the one that has given, as a final product, a structured theory, so as to enhance their self-efficacy, give a correct vision of the discipline and stimulate positive emotions. This can be realized, for example, as a “laboratory activity” in which the students compare ideas, intuitions, arguments, and work together to obtain results, using their critical capabilities in a collaborative learning activity. A team of university professors and high school teachers has developed a laboratory activity that focuses on some properties of quadrilaterals. The activity has at any rate been experimented in different first biennium classes of some high schools and has obtained very good results.

The objective of this research was to investigate the change of teaching for specific purposes in the students´ believes on teaching/learning of languages and the reflection of these changes in the motivation for learning a new language. The objectives of this study were to map and investigate the beliefs and the motivation before and after the course; verifying if and how the teaching for specific purposes influenced in the beliefs and if the modification of the beliefs influenced in the motivation of the students towards learning Spanish as a foreign language. The Socio-interactionist theory was used as theoretical foundation, as well as teaching for specific purposes, the beliefs and the motivation. The collection of data for the research was carried out during the classes of two editions of the project Espanhol para Viagens, through a pre and post-questionnaire, interviews and observations. The data analysis showed that the beliefs and the motivation of the students influenced and suffered influence of the teaching/learning of Spanish for specific purposes, in such a way that some beliefs were redefined and others came up. In the course of the analysis, some beliefs related to the Spanish language were identified, that consider it an easy language to learn, because of its similarity to Portuguese. At the same time, the students believe that this similarity can cause confusion to the learner. Regarding interaction, the students believe that it favors communication between teacher-learner/learner-learner, which is an essential point for learning Spanish as a foreign language. We consider that the direct contact with Spanish in the classroom and the constant interaction with the teacher were determining aspects for the redefining of the students´ beliefs and for the increase of motivation during the classes of the course. / O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi investigar a modificação do Ensino Instrumental nas crenças de alunos sobre ensino/aprendizagem de línguas e os reflexos dessa modificação na motivação para aprender um novo idioma. Os objetivos específicos do trabalho foram mapear e investigar as crenças e a motivação antes e depois do curso, verificando se e de que maneira o Ensino Instrumental influenciou as crenças e, por sua vez, se a modificação das crenças influenciou a motivação dos alunos para aprendizagem do Espanhol como Língua Estrangeira (ELE). A teoria Sociointeracionista foi utilizada como embasamento teórico, assim como o Ensino Instrumental, as crenças e a motivação. A coleta de dados para a pesquisa foi efetuada durante as aulas de duas edições do Curso de Espanhol para Viagens, através de pré e pós-questionário, entrevista e observação. A análise de dados revelou que as crenças e a motivação dos alunos influenciaram e sofreram influência do processo de ensino/aprendizagem de ELE instrumental, de modo que algumas crenças foram ressignificadas e outras acabaram surgindo. No decorrer da análise, foram identificadas crenças relacionadas com a Língua Espanhola, as quais a consideram uma língua fácil de aprender, pela semelhança com o Português. Ao mesmo tempo, os alunos acreditam que essa semelhança pode causar uma desorganização no aprendiz, ou seja, pode confundi-los ainda mais. Com relação à interação, os alunos acreditam que ela favorece o estabelecimento da comunicação entre professor-aluno e aluno-aluno, fator considerado essencial para a aprendizagem de ELE. Consideramos que o contato direto com a Língua Espanhola em sala de aula e a interação constante com o professor foram aspectos determinantes para a ressignificação das crenças dos alunos pelo aumento da motivação no desenvolvimento das aulas do curso.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:35:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5604.pdf: 2148984 bytes, checksum: caeff849d3598375cb3046e482686760 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-25 / This study was part of a Doctoral Course research, of the Post Graduate Program in Education, by the Federal University of São Carlos, and was developed at the Brazilian Air Force Academy (AFA) in the city of Pirassununga / SP. The research aimed to map the specificities of the military instructors teaching and learning process, regarding to the theoretical and practical concepts about the teaching, and the teaching and learning process of cadets at the Air Force Academy. Therefore, the research subjects were three military airmen instructors,graduatedby AFA, who taught classes in the AFA´s Division of Education; were also subjects of this study 78 cadets of the Aviation Course who, in 2012, were in the last year of the mentioned Course. The theoretical referenceof the work was composed by Libâneo studies (1994), regarding to traditional and technicistpedagogical trends, the role of teacher and student and the characteristics of the educational process in these conceptions. Mizukami (1986, 2002, 2004, 2005-2006) contributes towards to traditional, constructivist and technicistteaching, and discuss about the initial and continuing education, as well as details the processes of teaching and learning. About the construction of teacher identity, the contribution comes with Veiga (2010, 2011), Gatti (2011), Pimentaand Anastasiou (2011). The authors, as well as Gil (2009) refer to higher education, about giving classes, about being a teacher. Still, Zabala (1998) addresses the interaction in the classroom as fundamental for the growth of the students, also bringing consistent arguments about the conception of constructivist education. The teachingactivity as a work, the teacher´s knowledge and the professional development have theoretical basement in Tardif (2002, 2009). Processes of teaching at university, coined by Anastasiou and Alves (2003), is developed in this study. Finally, Shulman (1986, 2004, 2005) collaborates with its work on the knowledge base for teaching, pedagogical reasoning and also considers the reflective processes on that path. However, about thethinking aboutteaching practice, the ideas of Schön (1995, 2000) and Pérez Gómez (1995) are discussed. The methodology used in this study was a descriptiveanalytic one, based on data collected from open non-structured interviews, open semistructured interviews and questionnaires applied to the subjects. From the data analysis it was possible to comprehend that the military instructors have a very consistent specific training in their area, Aviation,while they don´t have preparation for teaching in military higher education and learn to be a teacher in pedagogical practice in the classroom . The responses of cadets confirmed this situation, and also demonstrated that their conceptions about the teaching, learning, the importance of interaction in the classroom, the didactics, the best and the worst teacher, are very close to the concepts of the military instructors. Therefore, the processes of teaching and learning are constructions that occur throughout the school experience, at any of the levels that the subject is inserted. In short, it demands work, knowledge and commitment by the teacher; and activity, study, dedication and interest by the student. / O presente trabalho fez parte da pesquisa do Curso de Doutorado, do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Educação, da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, e foi desenvolvido na Academia da Força Aérea (AFA), na cidade de Pirassununga/SP. A investigação teve como objetivo mapear as especificidades do processo de ensino e de aprendizagem dos instrutores militares, no que diz respeito à concepção teórico-prática acerca da docência, e do processo de ensino e de aprendizagem dos cadetes na Academia da Força Aérea. Para tanto, os sujeitos da pesquisa foram três instrutores militares aviadores, formados pela AFA e que ministravam aulas na Divisão de Ensino (DE) da AFA; foram também sujeitos do estudo 78 cadetes do Curso de Aviação que, em 2012, estavam no último ano do referido Curso. O referencial teórico do trabalho foi composto pelos estudos de Libâneo (1994), com relação às tendências pedagógicas tradicional e tecnicista, o papel do professor e do aluno e as características do processo educativo nessas concepções. Mizukami (1986, 2002, 2004, 2005-2006), contribui em relação ao ensino tradicional, tecnicista e construtivista, além de discutir em torno da formação inicial e continuada, bem como detalha acerca dos processos de ensinar e de aprender. Sobre a construção da identidade docente, a contribuição vem com Veiga (2010, 2011), Gatti (2011), Pimenta e Anastasiou (2011). As autoras, assim como Gil (2009), fazem referência à educação superior, sobre o dar aulas, sobre o ser professor. Ainda, Zabala (1998) aborda a interação na sala de aula como fundamental para o crescimento dos sujeitos, além de trazer argumentos consistentes acerca da concepção construtivista de educação. A atividade docente como trabalho, os saberes dos professores e o desenvolvimento profissional tem o embasamento teórico em Tardif (2002, 2009). Processos de ensinagem na universidade, cunhado por Anastasiou e Alves (2003), é desenvolvido nesse estudo. Por fim, Shulman (1986, 2004, 2005) colabora com seus trabalhos sobre a base de conhecimento para o ensino, o raciocínio pedagógico e considera também os processos reflexivos nesse percurso. Porém, sobre a reflexão na prática docente, as ideias de Schön (1995, 2000) e Pérez Gómez (1995) são abordadas. A metodologia do trabalho foi de um estudo descritivo-analítico, baseado na coleta de dados a partir de entrevistas não estruturadas e abertas, entrevistas semi-estruturadas e abertas e questionários aplicados aos sujeitos. A partir da análise dos dados foi possível compreender que os instrutores militares têm uma formação específica na sua área, Aviação, muito consistente ao passo que não possuem preparação para a docência no ensino superior militar e aprendem a ser professor na prática pedagógica em sala de aula. As respostas dos cadetes confirmaram essa situação, além de que demonstraram que suas concepções em torno do ensinar, do aprender, da importância da interação em sala, da didática, do melhor e do pior professor, estão muito próximas das concepções dos instrutores militares. Portanto, os processos de ensinar e de aprender são construções que ocorrem ao longo da vivência escolar, em qualquer um dos níveis que o sujeito estiver inserido. Em suma, demanda trabalho, conhecimento e compromisso por parte do professor; atividade, estudo, dedicação e interesse por parte do aluno.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:43:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 643723 bytes, checksum: ea471e07eff860bcd328ff25a2e24be2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The teaching-learning process of mother tongue should be seen as a continuous process and accomplished by the use of different texts, for reading and for production. The school lettering is the opportunity that the student has in the school to develop his linguistic abilities and, mainly, textual. As the texts are organized in the form of genres of texts, these should be adopted as object of study/teaching, once they materialize the language actions imputable to an agent-producer, social and historically delimited, always in a social-interactional vision of the language. Those language actions suffer influences of the production contexts and they correspond to the speakers' communicative needs, in a certain social-discursive formation and they interfere directly in the textual production that is the linguistic materialization of those actions. Based on this theoretical-methodological perspective, the present study had for general objective to observe the activities of writings developed by the teachers in the classes of mother tongue, taking for base their educational formation concerning to the teaching in the perspective of the lettering. For this, we have selected six teachers who work in public and private schools and we gave them a questionnaire containing questions about the lettering practices that they develop in classroom, in other words, the writing activities that they provide to the students. We also questioned them about their educational formation. Ally to all this, we observed four classes of each one of the participant teachers in order to confront the speeches with the school practice and we wanted to analyze in a more consistent way all the information collected in the research. Those analyses explained in this text are orientated by the Social-discursive Interaction (from now SDI) and by theoretical reflections that show the need of a school teaching of mother tongue in the perspective of the lettering. / O ensino-aprendizagem de língua materna deve ser visto como um processo contínuo e realizado mediante a utilização dos diferentes textos, tanto para a leitura quanto para a produção. O letramento escolar é a oportunidade que o aluno tem de, na escola, desenvolver suas habilidades lingüísticas e, principalmente, textuais. Haja vista os textos estarem organizados sob a forma de gêneros de textos, estes devem ser adotados como objeto de estudo/ensino, uma vez que materializam as ações de linguagem imputáveis a um agente-produtor, social e historicamente delimitado, sempre numa visão sócio-interacionista da linguagem. Essas ações de linguagem sofrem influências dos contextos de produção e correspondem às necessidades comunicativas dos falantes, numa dada formação sócio-discursiva e acabam por interferir diretamente na produção textual que é a materialização lingüística dessas ações. Tendo em vista, pois, essa perspectiva teórico-metodológica, o presente estudo teve por objetivo geral observar as atividades de escritas desenvolvidas pelos professores nas aulas de língua materna, em turmas do 9º ano do ensino fundamental, tomando por base a sua formação docente no que diz respeito ao ensino na perspectiva do letramento. Para tanto, selecionamos seis professores pertencentes às redes pública e privada de ensino e lançamo-lhes um questionário contendo indagações sobre as práticas de letramento que costumam desenvolver em sala de aula, ou seja, as atividades de escrita que proporcionam junto aos alunos. Também lhes questionamos sobre sua formação docente. Aliado a tudo isso, observamos quatro aulas de cada um dos professores participantes a fim de confrontarmos os discursos com a prática escolar e podermos analisar de forma mais consistente todas as informações coletadas na pesquisa. Essas análises explicitadas neste texto são norteadas à luz do Interacionismo Sócio-discursivo (doravante ISD) e de reflexões teóricas que apontam para o ensino escolar de língua materna na perspectiva do letramento.