Cette thèse prend la forme de quatre essais. Elle présente une analyse de la performance ex-post des entreprises européennes qui ont fermé leur capital en le privatisant. Le sujet de la « trajectoire ex-post des Buyouts européennes » est assez vaste, c’est pour cela que nous avons essayé de l’étudier et de l’analyser à travers des perspectives différentes et en utilisant différentes méthodes quantitatives.Au cours de notre étude nous utilisons à la fois des mesures objectifves et perceptuelles pour établir les performances de ces entreprises et pour trouver les raisons pour lesquelles elles ont une meilleure performance. Ce recueil d’essais aborde ces problématiques, assez reliées les unes avec les autres, qui concernent la performance ex-post des sociétés européennes qui ont subi un procès de privatisation de leur capital avec des transactions qui les font passer du domaine publique au domaine privé (PTP). Les trois premiers essais concernent leurs performances économiques ; et les relations de leurs performances financières avec : l'évaluation de l'innovation ; l'application des techniques de gestion comme l’organisation apprenante (LO) ; et la mise en œuvre de la Responsabilité Social des Entreprises (RSE). Le comportement du marché dans quatre pays européens pendant le même période est également étudié dans le quatrième essai. Un comportement grégaire de ces marchés pendant la crise a été observé.Les résultats présentés sont soutenus par des preuves descriptives et quantitatives importantes et substantielles. L'hypothèse sous-jacente commune testée qui est celle que établient les entreprises ayant subi un procès PTP ont de meilleurs résultats dans la période ex-post, et qu’elles obtiennent une meilleure performance dans les champs de l'innovation, des LO et de la RSE, est bien prouvé / This dissertation, takes the form of four essays. It presents an analysis of the ex-post performance of the European companies that have gone private. “Ex-post journey of the European Buyouts” is a broad topic, which we tried to investigate and analyze through different perspectives using different quantitative methods.We have used both objective and perception based measures to dig out the performance and reach out the possible reasons behind their better performance. This collection of essays addresses the research questions, which are much related to each other, concerning the ex-post performance of European companies after public-to-private (PTP) transactions. The first three essays concern their economic performance, and linkage of their financial performance with: the assessment of innovation and application of management techniques like Learning Organization (LO), implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The market behaviour in the Four European countries during the similar period is also investigated in the fourth essay. We found the herd behavior in these markets during crisis.The results presented are supported by large and substantial descriptive and quantitative evidence. The common underlying hypothesis which we wished to test, that PTP firms perform better in the ex-post period and show better on the scales of innovation, LO and CSR, is well

De senaste decennierna har förutsättningarna på arbetsmarknaden förändrats till följd av bland annat den tekniska utvecklingen och ökade krav på stresstolerans och social kompetens. Vi har upptäckt ett forskningsgap gällande möjligheter för individer med autismspektrumtillstånd att delta på den svenska arbetsmarknaden genom anställning. Studiens syfte var att undersöka Stockholms stads styrdokuments beskrivning av krav och ideal på medarbetare samt vilka insatser som bedrivs. Detta för att undersöka möjligheterna för individer med neuropsykiatrisk funktionsnedsättning i allmänhet och autismspektrumtillstånd i synnerhet att delta genom arbete i kommunens verksamheter. Vi har genomfört en dokumentstudie och använt induktiv tematisk analys för att söka förståelse. Vår slutsats är att kraven på medarbetarna tenderar hindra deltagande i arbete för studiens fokusgrupp särskilt gällande krav på social kompetens och utveckling av kommunens verksamheter. Kravet på individanpassning kan tyda på ökade möjligheter till deltagande. Då insatserna på daglig verksamhet har bristande incitament att nå reguljär arbetsmarknad kan fokus på insatser i verksamheterna hindra möjligheterna till deltagande i arbete för fokusgruppen / The last decades, prerequisites on the labour market have changed due to technical development and elevated demands on stress-resistance and social skills. We have distinguished a research gap in terms of examining the possibilities to attend the competitive labour market for adults with autism spectrum disorder in Sweden. The aim of this study is to examine regulatory documents from Stockholm municipality and how they describe requirements and ideals on their employees and which efforts they conduct. This to examine the possibilities for individuals with neuropsychiatric disabilities in general and autism spectrum disorder specifically to participate through employment within the municipality’s various functions. Our conclusion is that the demands on the employees tend to hinder participation in work for the focus group because of demands on social competencies and constant development of the organisations various functions. The demand on personal adaption could contribute to increase participation. Since the efforts within daily activities tend to lack incentives to reach the competitive labour market, a large focus on these efforts might hinder further participation in work for the focus group.

Il progetto di ricerca muove dall’interesse per l’emergere di nuove epistemologie della formazione professionale che riconoscono la pratica condivisa come contesto epistemologico di produzione e sviluppo di competenze. Recenti ricerche collegano le possibilità di crescita professionale del singolo allo sviluppo complessivo delle organizzazioni, interpretate come sistemi di comunità che apprendono. Il tema di fondo su cui si confronta la ricerca attiene alla trasformazione delle conoscenze dell’insegnante, all’interno dei vincoli e delle possibilità connesse all’attuale fase di transizione, in favore dell’apprendimento organizzativo. Più in dettaglio, la ricerca indaga il ruolo che assumono le conoscenze tacite nella trasformazione di conoscenza dal livello individuale a quello collettivo. / The research project originates from the interest in emerging new epistemologies of professional formation which identify shared practice as the epistemological context of competence creation and development. Recent research relates the opportunities of individual professional growth to the overall development of the organizations, considered as learning community systems. Given the limits and possibilities connected to the present moment of transition, the main point the research deals with is the transformation of the teacher's knowledge in favour of organizational learning. To be more precise, the research investigates the role of tacit knowledge in the transformation of knowledge from individual to collective level.

As an innovation Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) is designed as a tool for clinical problem solving. According to its theory of use EBP will bring a difference for policy makers, for professionals, for researchers and for service users. One question to be asked is whether EBP actually leads to the radical social change it is designed to accomplish. The aim of the study is to describe and analyse the outcome of the effort to establish EBP, with a focus on the case of social work in Sweden. The research questions are: What is EBP? Why are efforts made to establish EBP? What is the outcome of the EBP project? How can the outcome of the EBP project be explained? The case study was conducted on a critical realistic meta-theoretical ground with a focus on explanation of social change with an explicit actor-structure perspective. Methodologically, a narrative synthesis of studies was made. As a complement primary data were collected to fill empirical gaps. The state of things was described before and after the EBP-initiatives. Several helping theories – Kuhn’s theory of paradigm, program theory, neo-institutional theory and theory of diffusion – were used to analyse the empirically mapped outcome of the EBP project. The results show that the import of the original model of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) to social work is a part of a wider social movement in the helping and educational professions. The new model has influenced social work as a discipline, as a field of practice and as a field of policy. There are examples of full-scale implementations of EBP, although EBP has not reached a general status as daily practice. Some obstacles remain. The gradual adaption of EBP corresponds to criteria hold by Kuhn for a paradigm shift. Acceptance of the model has contributed to change the structure and function of social systems. At an organizational level, this change means on-going institutionalization. The innovation is influencing the way institutional actors conduct their work. Although the structural conditions have been optimal, the EBP-model has been debated with heat. The EBP-debate and policy-driven infrastructural efforts have brought a more in-depth examination of the model. So-called coercive, normative, and regulative isomorphisms were used to change organizations. The degree of institutionalization depended on the individuals and the organizations willingness and preparedness to change, to understand, and to put the model into practice. When actors used a less strict version of the original EBP model, the pace of cultural and institutional change slowed down.

As an innovation Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) is designed as a tool for clinical problem solving. According to its theory of use EBP will bring a difference for policy makers, for professionals, for researchers and for service users. One question to be asked is whether EBP actually leads to the radical social change it is designed to accomplish. The aim of the study is to describe and analyse the outcome of the effort to establish EBP, with a focus on the case of social work in Sweden. The research questions are: What is EBP? Why are efforts made to establish EBP? What is the outcome of the EBP project? How can the outcome of the EBP project be explained? The case study was conducted on a critical realistic meta-theoretical ground with a focus on explanation of social change with an explicit actor-structure perspective. Methodologically, a narrative synthesis of studies was made. As a complement primary data were collected to fill empirical gaps. The state of things was described before and after the EBP-initiatives. Several helping theories – Kuhn’s theory of paradigm, program theory, neo-institutional theory and theory of diffusion – were used to analyse the empirically mapped outcome of the EBP project. The results show that the import of the original model of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) to social work is a part of a wider social movement in the helping and educational professions. The new model has influenced social work as a discipline, as a field of practice and as a field of policy. There are examples of full-scale implementations of EBP, although EBP has not reached a general status as daily practice. Some obstacles remain. The gradual adaption of EBP corresponds to criteria hold by Kuhn for a paradigm shift. Acceptance of the model has contributed to change the structure and function of social systems. At an organizational level, this change means on-going institutionalization. The innovation is influencing the way institutional actors conduct their work. Although the structural conditions have been optimal, the EBP-model has been debated with heat. The EBP-debate and policy-driven infrastructural efforts have brought a more in-depth examination of the model. So-called coercive, normative, and regulative isomorphisms were used to change organizations. The degree of institutionalization depended on the individuals and the organizations willingness and preparedness to change, to understand, and to put the model into practice. When actors used a less strict version of the original EBP model, the pace of cultural and institutional change slowed down.

An examination of the research regarding the problems associated with student academic writing indicated that two abilities, writing abilities and information literacy skills, intersect, and that an accepted term for this intersection is information literacy. The University of Central Florida’s Information Fluency Initiative recognized information literacy as a key component in developing students’ information fluency skills. This qualitative case study of the initiative used semi-structured interviews, study of documents, and observations to gather data in order to describe how the university planned, developed, and implemented the initiative. Study of relevant literature, narrative analysis (Tierney & Lincoln, 1997), inductive analysis (Hatch, 2002) and the elements of educational criticism (Eisner, 1998) informed the analysis of data. Participants in the Information Fluency Initiative identified as successful the creation of online information literacy modules by librarians and faculty, program-wide efforts to embed information fluency into curriculum, and individual faculty projects. Additionally, the initiative encouraged a scholarly approach to the study of information fluency with the implementation of an annual Information Fluency Conference held at the University of Central Florida and publication of a peer-reviewed Information Fluency Journal. Results from the study suggested that administrative support for the initiative and the leadership’s empowerment of faculty and librarians to undertake leadership roles were important factors in the initiative’s success. Results also suggested that collaboration between faculty, librarians, and instructional technologists to construct curriculum produced a professional learning community that proved valuable to participants both professionally and personally.

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to examine the systems in place to build the capacity of elementary instructional coaches in a fast-growth district. Through syntheses of research from educational scholars, the conceptual framework was developed with a focus on building capacity of instructional coaches in an ever-changing environment of fast-growth through the lens of professional learning communities, human and social capital, and support from district and campus administration. This study assessed the perceptions of six instructional coaches, six principals, and six district leaders from Rose ISD regarding the school district's support for building the capacity of instructional coaches within the elementary instructional coaching program. The three-part data collection process included document analysis, in-depth interviews, and focus group interviews to support triangulation of data. Through the a priori coding process, the following four themes emerged that highlight key components needed to support district leaders in establishing systems to build the capacity of instructional coaches in an ever-changing environment caused by fast growth: structured time for professional learning, program clarity, collaborative support systems, and implementation of a professional learning community framework. This study revealed a specific need to further understand systems for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of the instructional coaching program in an ever-changing environment of a fast-growth district.

The Diploma thesis a case study monitors the process of implementing supervision in a specific medical institution that cares for vulnerable children up to three years of age. The aim of the change is to create a space for self-reflection for the employees of the organization, to support the learning process and the change. In the context of the transformation of foster care, the aim of this thesis is to support resilience when coping with change and to facilitate an open dialogue between the management and employees. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the definition and explanation of the related terms. I present the ethical aspects of the case study and the methodology in the empirical part of the thesis. It is followed by data analysis, a description of the change process, an assessment of the organization's input status prior to the implementation of the change, and an evaluation of the organization's statut nine months after the change was introduced.

Work-based and employee-driven informal learning, training and development have been increasing in importance in the last few decades. Concurrently, organizations seek to measure the extent to which they develop a culture and structure that supports individual learning and organizational learning. This study develops and validates a scale that can measure the extent to which an organization is perceived to provide online learning that is personalized for its employees and perceived to recognize skills and competencies acquired through non-degree and other pathways. This research can provide organizations with the ability to measure and benchmark attributes of their learning culture that are important to work-based and lifelong learning as well as talent recruitment and management.

本研究之目的在於從學習型組織、文化、與領導，探討個人學習與組織訓練對績效、競爭力的影響，並藉由研究結果發展出「組織學習之競爭力模式」與問卷，以協助台灣企業進行組織診斷，進而有助於提昇個人、組織、與國家整體之績效、競爭力。 本研究運用文獻探討與問卷施測的方式，進行變項之間關聯性的探討，以國內企業作為研究對象，採立意抽樣方式共蒐集有效樣本153份。經過實證分析後，顯示本研究所使用之量表在內部一致性信度(.919~.973)與標準化迴歸係數(.469~.853)等檢驗指標上，皆達顯著的效果。 最後，根據路徑分析之結果顯示：1.「領導者學習型文化形塑能力」確實會對「學習型組織文化」之形塑，以及「組織績效」產生正向影響，2.「學習型組織文化」與「學習型組織」則分別對「個人競爭力」與「組織競爭力」產生正向影響，3.「組織訓練流程」對「組織競爭力」，以及「組織競爭力」對「組織績效」亦分別產生正向影響，因此本研究所建構之理論模式大致獲得支持，同時在各變項上的研究假設亦大多獲得驗證。最後研究者則針對學術研究與實務應用提出具體的討論與建議。 關鍵詞：領導者學習型文化形塑能力、學習型組織、學習型組織文化、個人學習技巧、組織訓練流程、個人競爭力、組織競爭力、組織績效 / The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the organizational competitiveness and performance from the learning organization, leadership, organizational culture, personal learning, and organizational training, and try to develop the ‘competitiveness model of organizational learning’, and questionnaires. At the same time, the author hopes the questionnaires can help the organizations of Taiwan, diagnose their organization and improve the competitiveness and performance of personal, organizational, and country. This study adopted literature review and questionnaire survey to collect research data. The sample of this study is 153 workers from organizations of Taiwan. Through the empirical data analysis, it showed that the questionnaires of this study have high reliability (.919~.973) and standard regression coefficient (.469~.853). According to the result of the path analysis: (1) ‘the ability of develop a learning organizational culture of leader’ has significant and positive influence of ‘learning organizational culture’ and ‘organizational performance’, (2) ’learning organizational culture’ has significant and positive influence of ‘personal competitiveness’, while ‘learning organization’ has significant and positive influence of ‘organizational competitiveness’, (3) ‘organizational training procedures’ has significant and positive influence of ‘organizational competitiveness’, and ‘organizational competitiveness’ has significant and positive influence of ‘organizational performance’. Moreover, the research data support the developed model and confirm most hypotheses of this study. Finally, substantial suggestions were proposed for follow-up academic studies and practical applications. Keywords: ability of develop learning organizational culture of leader, learning organization, learning organizational culture, personal learning skills, organizational training procedure, personal competitiveness, organizational competitiveness, organizational performance.