Submitted by paulo junior (paulo.jr@fgv.br) on 2010-03-15T18:18:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavio_Lages.pdf: 1378526 bytes, checksum: 13221a6cae43b499fb311e77e4a3e051 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by paulo junior(paulo.jr@fgv.br) on 2010-03-15T18:18:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavio_Lages.pdf: 1378526 bytes, checksum: 13221a6cae43b499fb311e77e4a3e051 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2010-03-18T12:24:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavio_Lages.pdf: 1378526 bytes, checksum: 13221a6cae43b499fb311e77e4a3e051 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-30 / Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal a avaliação da percepção dos profissionais de tecnologia de informação quanto aos benefícios atribuídos a arquitetura orientada a serviço (SOA). Em busca deste objetivo, e visando uma melhor compreensão do tema, estudos teóricos foram desenvolvidos abordando os seguintes assuntos: Arquitetura de Software, Gerenciamento de Processos de Negócio (BPM) e Arquiteturas Orientadas a Serviços (SOA). A partir do referencial teórico e de um grupo de foco – composto por seis profissionais experientes em SOA – oito hipóteses foram levantadas, representando os principais benefícios atribuídos a estas arquiteturas. Um questionário foi então preparado e, a partir dele, 66 respostas válidas foram obtidas. Os resultados foram analisados utilizando-se de estatísticas descritivas e dos testes estatísticos não-paramétricos de Wilcoxon e qui-quadrado, buscando a validação, ou rejeição, das hipóteses apresentadas. Como resultado, em suma, percebe-se que, apesar da recente adoção das SOAs pelas empresas brasileiras, parece haver uma consonância entre seus profissionais de TI quanto aos benefícios desta nova abordagem para projetos de tecnologia da informação. Evidencia-se também a grande importância de disciplinas como governança e planejamento para a garantia do sucesso na implantação de projetos baseados nestas arquiteturas. / This work has as main objective the analysis of the IT professionals’ perception about the benefits of service-oriented architectures (SOA). To achieve this goal, and looking for a better comprehension on the subject, theoretical aspects were developed on the following topics: software architecture, business process management (BPM) and service-oriented architecture (SOA). As a consequence of the theoretical development and a focus group – composed by six experienced SOA professionals – eight hypotheses were raised, representing the main benefits attributed to these architectures. A survey was prepared and 66 valid answers were obtained. The results were analyzed using statistical tests (Wilcoxon and chi square) and descriptive statistics, looking for the proof, or rejection, of the presented hypotheses. As result, in short, it is noticed that, in spite of the recent adoption of SOA in the Brazilian market, its benefits seem to be clear for the IT professionals. Disciplines like governance and planning were presented by participants as very important issues for a well-succeed SOA.

Productivity improvement in the software industry is one of the major challenges facing many software development companies in this century. Most companies have adopted agile methodologies in order to profit from the benefits claimed for them. Agile methodologies are characterised by frequent software delivery, short feedback loops, quicker response to change, and problem identification earlier in the development process. The agile approach has been recognised as paving a way for companies to acquire higher software productivity, delivering good-quality and cost-effective software, enabling software development companies to respond to business challenges with their demands for high quality, high performance and high development speed in delivering the final product. For companies that adopt agile methodologies, understanding the factors that influence their teams’ software development productivity is a challenging task for management and practitioners today. In this research, an analysis is presented that identifies productivity factors that affect agile teams. It is a study of agile methods to identify common agile practices and/or values that have impact on productivity, and describes suitable metrics that could be used to measure agile team productivity. A qualitative research approach was used, and the case study was chosen as the research strategy. Two South African companies that are located in two different provinces and that adopted agile methodologies in their software development, were selected for the case studies. Qualitative content analysis was used in the research to permit subjective interpretation of factors that influence agile team productivity, and to analyse to what extent these factors affected productivity. This research has shown that an understanding of the factors that influence an agile team’s productivity gives significant insight into the way agile teams work, motivates team members to work together, and leads to uniform metrics in tracking each team’s progress. The study indicates that tracking an agile team’s work and providing adequate tools needed to execute their tasks results in improving agile team productivity. It should be recognised that using metrics to measure performance in agile teams is helpful in creating a team’s culture and trust. In this study, it was found that the factors identified in both literature and case studies affected productivity in the two companies under study, both positively and negatively. The study also found that applying the correct metrics in assessing, analysing and reviewing an agile team’s performance is important when monitoring productivity. Successful software delivery is only possible if individuals are committed to their work, are provided with the necessary tools and have access to a stable working environment. In addition, individual factors such as knowledge, skills, abilities, personalities and experience should be considered when forming agile teams. Consideration of these factors will result in grouping people that are able to work together and achieve a common goal, which is important in improving productivity. A conceptual framework for agile team productivity was proposed. The discussion of the findings is presented in more detail in this research. / School of Computing / M.Sc. (Computing)

Changes take place every day in business and society. Some are relatively slow like for example changes related to globalization, demographics, and the environment. Other changes related to technology can be faster and more disruptive. Some events, like the Covid-19 pandemic, are especially disruptive and may trigger rapid changes with extensive impact. Regardless of the change it is valuable for organizations to be able to adapt. The public sector is now challenged by increasing cost pressures, an ageing population, new demands from various groups as well as new workforce requirements and this creates a need for transformation. Previous research with regards to transformation capability focused on concepts like dynamic capabilities, organizational ambidexterity, organizational change capacity, organizational change competence, or organizational agility but there seem to be a lack of studies of the concept specifically related to the public sector. In addition, a recent study by the Swedish Agency for Work Environment Expertise concluded that the research area is fragmented and that it lacks studies on how employees can contribute to organizational change competence. The purpose of this thesis was thus to investigate how transformation capability of public sector organizations can be improved from an employee- or actor perspective. To explore the research question a qualitative and explorative method was used. Theoretical literature related to transformation as well as transformation capability, was used to build knowledge around the study topic. Two different surveys with open-ended questions were used to collect data from the Swedish public sector organization selected for the study. The first survey was used as a probe to build some initial understanding of transformation practice in the organization. The second one focused specifically on how different actors could contribute to improve transformation capability. The results gave a good general overview of how the transformation capability can be improved from different actor perspectives related to the organization. By using the results together with the existing theoretical frameworks of transformation capability a new more people-centric model of transformation capability was proposed and used to explore ways of improvement. The conclusion was that transformation capability of public sector organizations can be improved by leveraging the performance measures, the actors, the process, the culture/mindset, and the technology that are involved in transformation work. A proactive, collaborative and cross-organizational approach to improvement of transformation capability over time should decrease the risk for negative effects from future disruptions and create a more viable and sustainable organization.

Moderne Kraftfahrzeuge werden mit einer Vielzahl von Fahrerassistenzsystemen ausgestattet um die Sicherheit, die Traktion, die Energieeffzienz, die Agilität und den Komfort noch weiter zu verbessern. Diese Ziele können zu einem Großteil mit einer aktiven Drehmomentverteilung, auch Torque Vectoring genannt, erreicht werden. Dafür sind jedoch Getriebesysteme erforderlich, welche unabhängig vom Fahrzustand und vom Antriebsmoment eine nahezu beliebige Drehmomentverteilung ermöglichen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden zunächst Grundlagen zu Getriebesystemen, insbesondere zu Planetengetrieben, und zur Fahrzeugdynamik erläutert. Anschließend wird der Stand der Technik anhand einer Systematik zur Einteilung von aktiven Differenzialgetrieben dargelegt sowie einige Vor- und Nachteile aufgezeigt. Das folgende Kapitel stellt ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung der mechanischen Belastung des aktiven Differenzialgetriebes für beliebige Fahrzeuge und Strecken vor. Damit erfolgt eine Bewertung der bisher bekannten Systeme hinsichtlich Gesamtwirkungsgrad, konstruktiver Aufwand und regelungstechnische Eigenschaften. Im Anschluss wird ein Verfahren zur rechnergestützten Synthese neuer Getriebesysteme beschrieben. Abschließend werden die positiven Auswirkungen der aktiven Drehmomentverteilung auf die Fahrdynamik herausgestellt. Das Ergebnis der Arbeit zeigt drei neue Getriebestrukturen, welche anhand der deffinierten Vergleichskriterien besser sind als alle bekannten Systeme.:1 Einleitung 2 Grundlagen 2.1 Getriebesysteme 2.2 Fahrdynamik 3 Stand der Technik 3.1 Getriebesysteme 3.2 Fahrdynamikregelung 4 Analyse bekannter Getriebesysteme 4.1 Zeitlicher Verlauf fahrdynamischer Größen 4.2 Systematische Analyse von Planetengetrieben 4.3 Deffinition der Vergleichskriterien 4.4 Differenziallose Systeme 4.5 Differenzialsysteme 4.6 Elektromotorische Systeme 4.7 Sonderbauformen 4.8 Vergleich bekannter Systeme 5 Synthese neuer Getriebestrukturen 5.1 Anforderungen an aktive Differenzialgetriebe 5.2 Manuelle Struktursynthese 5.3 Rechnergestützte Struktursynthese 5.4 Ergebnisse der Struktursynthese 6 Auswirkung von aktiver Drehmomentverteilung auf die Fahrdynamik 6.1 Komplexe Fahrdynamiksimulation 6.2 Steigerung der Traktion 6.3 Steigerung der Agilität 6.4 Steigerung der Fahrstabilität 6.5 Steigerung des Fahrkomforts 6.6 Verringerung des Kraftstoffverbrauches Zusammenfassung und Ausblick Literaturverzeichnis / Actual passenger cars are equipped with a lot of driver assistant systems to increase safety, traction, efficiency, agility and comfort. These aims can be achieved by a controlled transmission of the engine torque to each driven wheel (active torque distribution, Torque Vectoring). Therefore special gear systems are necessary. In this document firstly the basics on gear systems (planetary gears) and vehicle dynamics are explained. Furthermore the state of the art is shown based on a classification of active differentials and the advantages and disadvantages are envinced. The next chapter describes a method for determining the mechanic load of the active differential for any car and road track. This is used for an evaluation of every differential gear system in view of efficiency, mechanic effort and control properties. The result reveals significant differences between the gear structures. Subsequent a method for a computer synthesis of new gear systems is developped and applied to the demands of a front driven vehicle application. The last chapter points out the positive effects of an active torque distribution on the driving dynamics. As a result of this work three new gear structures are shown which are much better than all existing gear systems in terms of the evaluation properties.:1 Einleitung 2 Grundlagen 2.1 Getriebesysteme 2.2 Fahrdynamik 3 Stand der Technik 3.1 Getriebesysteme 3.2 Fahrdynamikregelung 4 Analyse bekannter Getriebesysteme 4.1 Zeitlicher Verlauf fahrdynamischer Größen 4.2 Systematische Analyse von Planetengetrieben 4.3 Deffinition der Vergleichskriterien 4.4 Differenziallose Systeme 4.5 Differenzialsysteme 4.6 Elektromotorische Systeme 4.7 Sonderbauformen 4.8 Vergleich bekannter Systeme 5 Synthese neuer Getriebestrukturen 5.1 Anforderungen an aktive Differenzialgetriebe 5.2 Manuelle Struktursynthese 5.3 Rechnergestützte Struktursynthese 5.4 Ergebnisse der Struktursynthese 6 Auswirkung von aktiver Drehmomentverteilung auf die Fahrdynamik 6.1 Komplexe Fahrdynamiksimulation 6.2 Steigerung der Traktion 6.3 Steigerung der Agilität 6.4 Steigerung der Fahrstabilität 6.5 Steigerung des Fahrkomforts 6.6 Verringerung des Kraftstoffverbrauches Zusammenfassung und Ausblick Literaturverzeichnis

I en omvärld i konstant förändring ställs det höga krav på individer, framför allt i kunskapsintensiva företag. Studien undersöker upplevelser och resonemang kring ansvar och lärande, hos individer som arbetar inom en konsultverksamhet. Att belysa hur en konsult ser på ansvar och livslångt lärande, i en kontext i ständig förändring. I studien genomfördes intervjuer med åtta konsulter i ett konsultföretag. Materialet spelades in, transkriberades och analyserades genom kodning och tematisering, först utan en teori, för att hitta de naturligt förekommande rösterna. I ett nästa steg analyserades teman utifrån begreppet agilt lärande med fyra huvudsakliga faktorer: Mental Agility, Results Agility, People Agility och Change Agility. Resultatet visar på att det finns ett omfattande ansvarstagande och tydligt eget uppfattat ansvar för lärande. Med ökad erfarenhet nyanseras bilden och oftare ser individen att mer ansvar ligger på henne själv, än omgivningen. De fyra övergripande teman som framkom var kultur, medskapande, bekräftelse och självreflektion som har tydlig överensstämmelse med faktorerna för agilt lärande. Resultatet visar på att det verkar finns en hög förmåga till ett agilt lärande hos konsulter i ett kunskapsintensivt företag, där vardagen innebär att kunna anpassa sig till konstant förändring. / In a constantly changing environment, high demands are placed on individuals, especially in knowledge-intensive companies. The study examines experiences and reasoning about responsibility and learning, in individuals working within a consulting business. To shed light on how a consultant looks at responsibility and lifelong learning, in a context of constant change. In the study, interviews were conducted with eight consultants at a consulting firm. The material was recorded, transcribed and was analyzed by coding and thematizing, first without a theory to find the naturally occurring voices. In a next step, themes were analyzed based on the concept of agile learning with four main factors: Mental Agility, Results Agility, People Agility and Change Agility. The result shows that there is a comprising sense of responsibility and clearly self-perceived responsibility for learning. With increased experience, the picture is nuanced and more often the individual sees that more responsibility lies with her, than with her surroundings. The four main themes that emerged were culture, co-creation, acknowledgement and self-reflection, which are clearly consistent with the factors of agile learning. The result shows that there seems to be a high ability for agile learning by consultants in a knowledge-intensive company, where everyday life means being able to adapt to constant change.

This paper investigates the contribution of enterprise modeling to the emergence and sustainability of the firm’s competitive advantage using the theoretical model developed by Chandra S. Mishra (2017). Agility, alertness, knowledge integration and business model mechanisms have been identified as the main sources of competitive advantage. Four semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts and senior enterprise modeling consultants with diverse national and international experiences, based on which a qualitative content analysis was done. The study shows that enterprise modeling has an enhancing effect on corporate agility stimulating collaboration and effective communication among organizational members as well as enabling the company to exploit turbulence in the business environment through systematizing and facilitating change management. Enterprise models were also found to be effective for strengthening the firm’s structural capital through stimulating constant problematization of the business model, streamlining the organizational processes and increasing alertness about the procedural inefficiencies and automation potential. However, the understandability of the business model is found to be increased through enterprise modeling at the expense of reducing tacitness. Therefore, more research is needed to confirm the influence of enterprise modeling on the firm’s isolating mechanisms to investigate to what extent enterprise models should be considered as company secrets.

No description available.

No description available.

Les maladies chroniques regroupent un ensemble de problèmes de santé tels que le diabète, l’hypertension, les maladies pulmonaires obstructives chroniques (MPOC) et le cancer. Elles requièrent une prise en charge continue, durant plusieurs années et évoluent généralement lentement. Ce projet de recherche vise à comprendre et à analyser les dynamiques associées à la mise en place d’un modèle organisationnel qui permet une meilleure prise en charge des patients atteints de maladies chroniques et à porter une attention particulière aux mécanismes professionnels et organisationnels qui favorisent la mise en place de ce modèle de soin dans un contexte pluraliste des organisations et du système de santé. Il vise aussi à explorer si le modèle mis en place permet d’atteindre les objectifs et les résultats de soins escomptés par le modèle. Le contexte de notre étude s’inscrit dans le réseau de l’écosystème des maladies chroniques et des relations inter-organisationnelles lors de l’implantation et de la mise en œuvre du Centre d’accompagnement interdisciplinaire en maladies chroniques CAIMC du CSSS du Haut-Richelieu-Rouville à Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. Les données récoltées proviennent d’entrevues individuelles représentatives de l’ensemble des acteurs professionnels du terrain, se fondent sur des documents et rapports, notamment ceux de divers comités de travail ainsi que de protocoles de soins. Notre recherche s’appuie sur le cadre conceptuel de l’analyse stratégique de Crozier et Friedberg (1977) ainsi que sur le système des professions d’Abbott (1988). Elle met en évidence une complexité organisationnelle et structurelle qui rend difficile la gestion du changement dans les organisations pluralistes, surtout lors de l’implantation d’un modèle de soin dans un long horizon temporel. Cette implantation résulte de la gestion d’un processus d’apprentissage continu au sein de l’organisation. Le modèle que nous proposons constitue un cadre d’analyse qui permet une synthèse de diverses approches qui favorisent la compréhension de phénomènes complexes et leur gestion. Il contribue ainsi à raffiner et approfondir la compréhension des dynamiques organisationnelles et professionnelles associées à la mise en place d’un modèle organisationnel. Il peut valablement être utilisé pour l’étude de divers modèles de soins, outre celui des maladies chroniques. Il serait d’ailleurs judicieux de considérer un tel cadre d’analyse avant toute expérimentation ou implantation de modèles de soins dans des organisations pluralistes de santé. Cette étude permet de formuler des recommandations à l’attention des décideurs publics. Elle soutient, notamment, que la mobilisation d’un intrapreneur, ayant l’étoffe d’un leader transformationnel dans un cadre organisationnel agile, favoriserait la création et l’acquisition de connaissances permettant d’accélérer les processus et d’améliorer l’autogestion des patients. / Chronic diseases include a range of health problems such as diabetes, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cancer. They require continuous management over several years and generally evolve slowly. On the one hand, this research project aims to understand and analyze the dynamics associated with the implementation of an organizational model that allows for better management of patients with chronic diseases. On the other hand, it sheds light on the professional and organizational mechanisms that promote this chronic care model's implementation in a pluralistic context of organizations and the health system. Finally, it explores whether the model implemented makes it possible to achieve the model's objectives and results of care. The context of our study is part of the network of the chronic disease ecosystem and inter-organizational relations during the implementation and operation of the Centre d'accompagnement interdisciplinaire en maladies chroniques CAIMC of the CSSS du Haut-Richelieu-Rouville in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. The data collected came from individual interviews representative of all professional actors in the field, documents and reports, particularly those of various working committees and care protocols. Our research is based on the conceptual framework of Crozier and Friedberg's (1977) strategic analysis and Abbott's (1988) system of professions. It highlights an organizational and structural complexity that makes it difficult to manage change in pluralistic organizations, especially when implementing a chronic care model over a long period of time. Implementation results from the management of a continuous learning process within the organization. The model we propose constitutes an analytical framework that allows a synthesis of various approaches that contribute to the understanding of complex phenomena and their management. It thus helps to refine and deepen the understanding of the organizational and professional dynamics associated with the implementation of an organizational model. It could be used for the study of other care models, in addition to chronic diseases. It would be appropriate to consider the use of such an analytical framework before experimentation or implementation of care models in pluralistic health organizations. This study makes several recommendations to public decision-makers. In particular, it argues that the mobilization of an intrapreneur, with the makings of a transformational leader in an agile organizational framework, would promote the creation and acquisition of knowledge to accelerate processes and improve patient self-management.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka lärare samt studenters distanserade gruppdiskussioner inuti Zoom’s funktion breakout-rooms, samt hur studenternas engagemang följaktligen har påverkats. Studien är grundad i tre semistrukturerade fokusgrupper gjorda med studenter samt lärare med erfarenhet av distanserade gruppdiskussioner inuti breakout-rooms. Utifrån det empiriska materialet från fokusgrupperna framgår det tydligt att respondenterna till en stor del fokuserar på funktionalitet, flexibilitet samt sociala relationer och kameraanvändlighet. Utifrån det empiriska materialet framgår det att det funnits förmåner i form av en enkelhet och smidighet för lärarrespondenterna att utforma gruppdiskussioner, samt flexibiliteten som gett studenterna en ökad frihet. Emellertid framgår det utifrån studentrespondenterna att uppfattningen av distanseringen grundar sig i försämrad kommunikation med lärare och studenter, svårigheter i form av distraktioner samt en försämrad relation till sina klasskamrater, vilket följaktnings har påverkat studenternas engagemang negativt. / The purpose of the study is to examine teachers' and students' distant group discussions within Zoom's function breakout rooms, and how the students' involvement has consequently been affected. The study is based on three semi-structured focus groups made with students and teachers with experience of distant group discussions inside breakout rooms. Based on the empirical material from the focus groups, it is clear that the respondents largely focus on functionality, flexibility as well as social relations and camera usability. Based on the empirical material, it appears that there have been benefits in the form of a simplicity and flexibility for the teacher respondents to design group discussions, as well as the flexibility that has given the students increased freedom. However, it appears from the student respondents that the perception of distancing is based on impaired communication with teachers and students, difficulties in the form of distractions and a deteriorating relationship with their classmates, which consequently has affected students' commitment negatively.