La investigación ha tenido un proceso de gestación inicial, diversos temas relacionados a la tuberculosis ya sean, capital social, criterios socioculturales, interculturalidad, relaciones humanas, entre otras temáticas reflejaban el interés para determinar mi proyecto de tesis. Hasta que decidí centrarme en un aspecto poco estudiado por las ciencias sociales con respecto a la tuberculosis concretamente: el fenómeno de la estigmatización e impactos generados a partir del contagio de la tuberculosis pulmonar, en una zona considerada de alto riesgo epidemiológico como es el Cerro San Cosme. Desde luego, este desafío fue grato.

“Creating Community in Isolation: The History of Corpus Christi’s Molina Addition, 1954-1970” examines the history of the Molina Addition in Corpus Christi, Nueces County, Texas, and its serving district, the West Oso Independent School District, from 1954 to 1970. Specifically, this essay begins with an analysis of the elite-driven campaign to annex the blighted Molina Addition in September and October 1954. The city intended to raze the neighborhood and develop middle-class homes in place of the newly annexed neighborhood. Following the annexation of the Molina Addition, African American and ethnic Mexican residents initiated protracted struggles to desegregate and integrate schools that served their area, the West Oso Independent School District, as detailed in the chapter, “The West Oso School Board Revolution.” The chapter examines the electoral “revolution” in which Anglo rural elites were unseated from their positions on the school board and replaced by African American and ethnic Mexican Molina Addition residents. The third chapter, “Building Mo-Town, Texas,” focuses on residents’ struggle to install indoor plumbing, eliminate pit privies, construct paved roads, and introduce War on Poverty grants to rehabilitate the neighborhood. This chapter also offers a glimpse into the social life of Molina youth during the 1960s.

Esta investigación analiza las representaciones sociales configuradas en el colectivo docente, referidas a la inmigración y su presencia en los centros de enseñanza, y en el alumnado, sobre su relación con el profesorado y la representación del contexto escolar. El análisis macro y micro confluye bajo un contexto social complejo que abarca desde las representaciones que aparecen en la prensa escrita hasta las que acontecen en los propios docentes y el alumnado, en este caso el contexto se refiere a los centros de enseñanza ubicados en el barrio de Son Gotleu (Palma de Mallorca) socialmente vulnerable, estigmatizado y con elevada concentración de población inmigrante extracomunitaria. Un lugar propicio para experimentar con las representaciones mantenidas por unos y otros actores, puestas en práctica en un ambiente enrarecido, por la llegada de nuevos alumnos, que de una u otra forma rompen con las funciones pedagógicas, que se venían realizando hasta el momento.

This thesis explores the symbolic place occupied by a racialized neighbourhood within the Uruguayan national imaginary. I study the conventillos (tenement buildings) of two traditionally Afro-Uruguayan neighbourhoods in Montevideo, Barrio Sur and Palermo. These neighbourhoods are considered the cradle of Afro-Uruguayan culture and identity. The conventillos have been immortalized in paintings, souvenirs, songs, and books. Over the years most of the residents were evicted due to demolitions, which peaked during Uruguay’s military dictatorship (1973-1984). I address the paradox of how a community can be materially marginalized, yet symbolically celebrated, a process that is evident in other American nations (Brazil, Colombia, etc.). I show how race, class, and gender are entangled in folkloric depictions of the conventillo to constitute a limited notion of blackness that naturalizes the relationship between Afro-Uruguayans, music, sexuality, and domestic work. The folklorization of the space and it residents is shown to be a “fetishization” which enhances the whiteness of the national identity, while confining the parameters of black citizenship and belonging. Utilizing a methodology that draws on cultural geography, critical race, postcolonial, and feminist theory, my dissertation analyzes the various ways that the Barrio Sur/Palermo conventillo has been imagined, represented, and experienced. Specifically, I examine 1) autobiographical, literary and popular (media, songs) narratives about these neighbourhoods; 2) the depiction of the conventillo by a prominent artist (Carlos Páez Vilaró); 3) spatial practices; 4) the performance of a dancer who emerged from the conventillo to become a national icon (the Carnival vedette Rosa Luna); and 5) interviews with nine key informants. My analysis focuses on how bodies, subjects, and national belonging are constituted through relations to particular spaces. By foregrounding the “geographies of identity” (Radcliffe and Westwood, 1996, p. 27), I show that the symbolic celebration of black space goes hand in hand with material disavowal. This study thus connects the imagining of a local, racialized space to how national belonging is constituted and experienced.

This thesis explores the symbolic place occupied by a racialized neighbourhood within the Uruguayan national imaginary. I study the conventillos (tenement buildings) of two traditionally Afro-Uruguayan neighbourhoods in Montevideo, Barrio Sur and Palermo. These neighbourhoods are considered the cradle of Afro-Uruguayan culture and identity. The conventillos have been immortalized in paintings, souvenirs, songs, and books. Over the years most of the residents were evicted due to demolitions, which peaked during Uruguay’s military dictatorship (1973-1984). I address the paradox of how a community can be materially marginalized, yet symbolically celebrated, a process that is evident in other American nations (Brazil, Colombia, etc.). I show how race, class, and gender are entangled in folkloric depictions of the conventillo to constitute a limited notion of blackness that naturalizes the relationship between Afro-Uruguayans, music, sexuality, and domestic work. The folklorization of the space and it residents is shown to be a “fetishization” which enhances the whiteness of the national identity, while confining the parameters of black citizenship and belonging. Utilizing a methodology that draws on cultural geography, critical race, postcolonial, and feminist theory, my dissertation analyzes the various ways that the Barrio Sur/Palermo conventillo has been imagined, represented, and experienced. Specifically, I examine 1) autobiographical, literary and popular (media, songs) narratives about these neighbourhoods; 2) the depiction of the conventillo by a prominent artist (Carlos Páez Vilaró); 3) spatial practices; 4) the performance of a dancer who emerged from the conventillo to become a national icon (the Carnival vedette Rosa Luna); and 5) interviews with nine key informants. My analysis focuses on how bodies, subjects, and national belonging are constituted through relations to particular spaces. By foregrounding the “geographies of identity” (Radcliffe and Westwood, 1996, p. 27), I show that the symbolic celebration of black space goes hand in hand with material disavowal. This study thus connects the imagining of a local, racialized space to how national belonging is constituted and experienced.

Le Venezuela est un pays d'une grande diversité culturelle. La population a des origines indigènes, africaines et européennes. Cette diversité a longtemps été ignorée. Depuis le début des années 2000, et dans le contexte du processus politique de la Révolution Bolivarienne d'Hugo Chávez, la diversité culturelle du peuple vénézuélien est mise en valeur. En effet, l'objectif est de définir et consolider l'identité nationale à partir de cette diversité.Les Afro-vénézuéliens ont longtemps souffert d'une certaine discrimination. Au début du XXe siècle, de nombreux descendants d'esclaves africains, originaires des campagnes migrent vers Caracas. La majorité s'installe dans les quartiers populaires (barrios) et se retrouve dans une situation d'exclusion et de marginalisation. A cela il faut ajouter une certaine perte des repères. Au début des années 80, la culture populaire et les traditions afro-vénézuéliennes apparaissent comme une manière de construire une nouvelle identité. Des groupes culturels afro-vénézuéliens décident de réinterpréter une fête populaire traditionnelle dans ces barrios, la fête de la Saint Jean. A partir de l'étude de cette fête de 2006 à 2012, nous avons essayé de déterminer dans quelles mesures les actions de ces groupes culturels afro-vénézuéliens peuvent contribuer à l'affirmation et la reconnaissance de l'identité afro-vénézuélienne et permettre une meilleure cohésion sociale et intégration de la population de ces quartiers. / Venezuela is a country with an important cultural diversity. The population has Indigenous, African and European origins, though this diversity has long been ignored. Since the beginning of the 2000's, within the political process of the Bolivarian Revolution led by President Hugo Chavez, the cultural diversity of Venezuelans has begun to be recognized. The objective has been to define and reinforce national identity based on cultural diversity. Afro-Venezuelans have been victims of discrimination. At the beginning of the twentieth century, many descendants of African slaves migrated from the countryside to urban Caracas. The great majority settled in barrios and lived in a situation of exclusion and marginalization and, in addition, lost a great deal of their references. At the beginning of the eighties, popular culture and Afro-Venezuelan traditions appeared as a way to construct a new identity. Afro-Venezuelan cultural groups decided to reinterpret a traditional popular festival in these barrios, the Festival of San Juan. By the study of this festival, from 2006 to 2012, we studied how the actions of Afro-Venezuelan cultural groups can contribute to affirm and recognize Afro-Venezuelan identity and lead to an increase in social cohesion and integration of the population in these barrios.

This thesis explores the relationship between differing interpretation of the California Dream and the narrative strategies through while [sic] they are expressed in three California labor novels during three different decades of California literature.

No description available.

Essa dissertação aborda o tema dos ritmos temporais nas cidades modernocontemporâneas a partir da experiência etnográfica entre núcleos familiares e redes de camadas médias urbanas. Inserida nas discussões sobre planejamento urbano, construção e destruição de propriedade privada residencial, abordamos as representações da morada a partir das imagens que a compõem. O estudo busca pensar o espaço da morada como objeto do tempo nos bairros: Tristeza, Rio Branco, Floresta e Petrópolis, na cidade de Porto Alegre, Brasil; e o Bairro de San Telmo, na cidade de Buenos Aires, Argentina. A partir da pesquisa em imagens de acervo e dados oriundos do método etnográfico buscamos pensar a transformação da cidade a partir das narrativas biográficas e das trajetórias sociais dos integrantes desses diferentes contextos etnográficos por intermédio da noção de memória e de uma etnografia da duração. / This thesis intends to establish how the representation of “morada”, in moderncontemporary cities, from the perspective of an ethnographic experience affects the family groups and networks of urban middle classes. The thesis discusses urban planning, construction and destruction of private residential properties, specially including several visual representations of the “morada”. It aims to ponder the “morada” space, as an object changing in a time, in the neighborhoods of Tristeza, Rio Branco, Floresta and Petrópolis, all in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, and San Telmo, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Searching the data and image collection gathered in an ethnographic method, the thesis discusses the transformation the cities go through, from the perspective of the biographic narratives and social trajectories of the members of those different ethnographic contexts, from the perspective of memory and ethnographic duration. / Esta tesis abarca la cuestion de las ritmos temporales en las ciudades modernocontemporaneas, desde la experiencia etnográfica entre los grupos familiares y las redes de clase media urbana. Incluidos en las discusiones acerca de la planificación urbana, la construcción y la destrucción de la propiedad residencial privada, hablamos de las representaciones de la “morada” desde las imágenes que componen. El estudio tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre el espacio de la “morada” como un objeto de tiempo en los barrios: Tristeza, Rio Branco, Floresta y Petrópolis, la ciudad de Porto Alegre en Brasil, y San Telmo, en Buenos Aires, Argentina. Desde la investigación cerca de las colecciones de imágenes de museos y arquivos e incluso datos de la etnografía reflexionamos sobre la transformación de la ciudad desde las narrativas y trayectorias sociales de los miembros de los diferentes contextos etnográficos utilizando el concepto de la memoria y la etnografía de la duracion.

L'importance de l'étude du Pouvoir local, citoyenneté et éducation : des conditions pour la construction d'une cité-éducatrice - une étude faite à partir du Quartier Restinga - Porto Alegre, Brésil se fonde sur la nécessité de découvrir une nouvelle dimension de l'espace urbain et le consolider comme un modèle polycentrique, lequel prétend stimuler le potentiel de développement des différents noyaux urbains interrelationés entre le pouvoir local, la citoyenneté et l'éducation, dans le but d'atteindre une cité-éducatrice accomplie, protagoniste de son propre développement. Pour cela, la dite ville doit implanter des politiques éducatives, sociales, culturelles et écomomiques, étant consciente de sa propre gestion et soupesant les possibilités et les limites dans un projet de ville mobilisatrice de ressources et d´énergies. Ces caractéristiques doivent s'accomplir dans des programmes spécifiques, comme la construction d'identités sociales, nationales et ethniques. Pour avancer dans le projet de cité-éducatrice il est indispendable de connaître et de compter sur les agents qui s´engagent dans son accomplissement : citoyens leaders, professionnels, institutions éducatives, systèmes de production, associativisme et la famille. Tous sont des acteurs qui contribuent à la consolidation d'une nouvelle relation entre ville, gouvernement et gouvernés. De cette façon, une ville devient éducatrice quand elle est relationnelle, fonctionnelle, équitable et participative, aussi bien que quand elle exploite ses possibilités esthétiques, environnementales et de convivialité avec le contexte naturel, moyennant les contributions communes des différents agents. Une ville qui, tout en comptant sur sa parfaite cohésion et équilibre social, permettra l'enrichissement des relations des habitants entre lui et avec son moyen, entre acteurs sociaux et son espace local. C'est sur la base de ces présuppositions que Porto Alegre est en train de faire des efforts dans le but d'intégrer le centre et la périphérie, d´exploiter la diversité polyvalente qu´offrent les quartiers, de donner une plus grande diversité de fonctions, accessibilité et fonctionnalité. En considérant ces caractéristiques nous ferons référence à Restinga, quartier avec une grande participation des citoyens, qui en respectant sa morphologie et en profitant de sa démographie, veut faire partie de la composition sociale urbaine de la grande Porto Alegre. / A importância do estudo do Poder local, cidadania e educação: das condições para construção de uma cidade-educadora – um estudo produzido a partir do Bairro Restinga – Porto Alegre, Brasil fundamenta-se na necessidade de descobrir uma nova dimensão do espaço urbano e consolidá-lo como um modelo policêntrico, que pretende estimular o potencial de desenvolvimento dos diferentes núcleos urbanos inter-relacionados entre o poder local, cidadania e educação, com o fim de alcançar uma cidade-educadora efetiva, protagonista de seu próprio desenvolvimento. Para tanto, tal cidade deve gerar políticas educativas, sociais, culturais e econômicas, sendo ciente de sua própria gestão e sopesando as possibilidades e os limites num projeto de cidade mobilizadora de recursos e energias. Essas características devem efetivar-se em programas específicos, como a construção de identidades sociais, nacionais e étnicas. Para avançar no projeto de cidade-educadora é imprescindível conhecer e contar com os agentes que se comprometem no seu desenvolvimento: cidadãos líderes, profissionais, instituições educativas, sistemas produtivos, associativismo e a família. Todos são atores que contribuem para a consolidação de uma nova relação entre cidade, governo e governados. Dessa forma, uma cidade torna-se educadora quando é relacional, funcional, eqüitativa e participativa, bem como quando aproveita suas possibilidades estéticas, ambientais e de convívio com o âmbito natural, mediante as contribuições conjuntas dos distintos agentes. Uma cidade que, por contar com suficiente coesão e equilíbrio social, permita o enriquecimento das relações dos habitantes entre si e com o seu meio, entre os atores sociais e seu espaço local. É com base nesses pressupostos que Porto Alegre vêm somando aunando esforços com a intenção de integrar o centro e a periferia, de aproveitar a diversidade polivalente que oferecem os bairros, dar maior diversidade de funções, acessibilidade e funcionalidade. Considerando essas características faremos referência a Restinga, bairro com destacada participação cidadã, que respeitando sua morfologia e aproveitando sua demografia, quer ser parte da composição social urbana da grande Porto Alegre. / The importance of the study of the local power, citizen and education: Conditions for the construction of one educated city - a study produced since Restinga - Porto Alegre, Brazil is supported in the need to discover a new one dimension of the urban space and to consolidate it as a model one polycentric, that intends to stimulate the different fraud development potential nucleus urban interrelated among the local power, citizen and education, the end to reach an effective city - educated, protagonist of its own development. For so much, such city should generate politic as educational, social, cultural and economics, go backwards of its own one question and weighing the possibilities and limit them in a project of mobilizing city of resources and energies. Those characteristics owe effectiveness in program specifics, like the construction of national, social identities and ethnics. To advance in the project of cityeducation is indispensable to know and to include the agents that itself compartmented in the development of citizen leaders, professionals, educational institutions, productive systems, associations and the family. All are actors that contribute to the consolidation of a new one relationship among city, government and those governed. Of that form, a city returns educated when it is relational, functional, acquisitive and participative, also, when it takes advantage of its possible esthetics, environmental and contact with the ambition natural, by means of the joint contributions of the different agents. A city that, by including sufficient cohesion and social equilibrium, permit the enrichment of the relations of the inhabitants among its middle class, between the social actors and its local space. It is based on those budgets, that Porto Alegre combines efforts with the intention of integrating he center and the periphery, of taking advantage of the polyvalent diversity that offer the neighborhoods, to, give greater diversity of functions, accessibility and functionality. Considering those characteristics we will refer to Restinga, a neighborhood with noticeable civic participation, that respecting its morphology and taking advantage of its demographics, wants to be part of the social urban composition of the great Porto Alegre. / La importancia del estudio del Poder local, ciudadanía y educación: condiciones para la construcción de una ciudad-educadora – un estudio producido desde el Barrio Restinga – Porto Alegre, Brasil se fundamenta en la necesidad de descubrir una nueva dimensión del espacio urbano y consolidarlo como un modelo policéntrico, que pretende estimular el potencial de desarrollo de los diferentes núcleos urbanos interrelacionados entre el poder local, ciudadanía y educación, con el fin de alcanzar una ciudad-educadora efectiva, protagonista de su propio desarrollo. Para tanto, tal ciudad debe generar políticas educativas, sociales, culturales y económicas, siendo ciente de su propia gestión y sopesando las posibilidades y los límites en un proyecto de ciudad movilizadora de recursos y energías. Esas características deben efectivarse en programas específicos, como la construcción de identidades sociales, nacionales y étnicas. Para avanzar en el proyecto de ciudad-educadora es imprescindible conocer y contar con los agentes que se comprometen en su desarrollo: ciudadanos líderes, profesionales, instituciones educativas, sistemas productivos, asociativismo y la familia. Todos son actores que contribuyen para la consolidación de una nueva relación entre ciudad, gobierno y gobernados. De ésa forma, una ciudad se vuelve educadora cuando es relacional, funcional, equitativa y participativa, como también, cuando aprovecha sus posibilidades estéticas, ambientales y de convivencia con el ámbito natural, mediante las contribuciones conjuntas de los distintos agentes. Una ciudad que, por contar con suficiente cohesión y equilibrio social, permita el enriquecimiento de las relaciones de los habitantes entre sí y con su medio, entre los actores sociales y su espacio local. Es con base en esos presupuestos, que Porto Alegre viene aunando esfuerzos con la intención de integrar el centro y la periferia, de aprovechar la diversidad polivalente que ofrecen los barrios, dar mayor diversidad de funciones, accesibilidad y funcionalidad. Considerando esas características haremos referencia a Restinga, barrio con destacada participación ciudadana, que respetando su morfología y aprovechando su demografía, quiere ser parte de la composición social urbana de la gran Porto Alegre.