Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:33:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro de A Crestani.pdf: 2307383 bytes, checksum: 37c19daa495fd15af35d49e953224164 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research aims to discuss the agrarian conflicts and land market in the western region of Paraná State. Leaving the issue of land disputes at the internal borders is part of the analysis of the case study of Gleba Santa Cruz . A dispute between the Union Colonization Society D Oeste Ltda. and the State of Parana, which happened in 1954. The study of borders in this paper seeks the genesis of the same from the year 1843 and the participation of the State of Parana and colonizing companies in this process, which shaped the institutional form of the land market. Market consolidation of land in the western regions came from the Getúlio Vargas decision to integrate the border areas in the country, promoting the March to the West in order to stimulate the agricultural colonization of these territories. The new agricultural frontier, inserted in the ideals of the national economy has attracted settlers and investment that made the land being valued. Was stimulated, thus, a land market that drew upon himself the interests of economic agents and market for speculative purposes and the state, supported by groups seeking political hegemony by ensuring their economic advantages. It was used in this study primary sources, secondary literature, narratives, public and private. The methodology was understood as a way or procedure of reflection and analysis necessary for the articulation of body concept (or theory) to the actual investigation of the case study of the Gleba Santa Cruz looking at comparative analytic approach to understanding the conflicts over land in the West Paraná. Speculation, concentration and ownership of lands generated later confrontations and conflicts against the settlers, homesteaders and squatters, and used form of understanding to understand that reality, their disputes, conflict and hegemony of local and regional groups. Note that the border violence is understood as the economic process of land occupation. After cleaning the soil made by the settlers or squatters, as stated in this work comes the cleaning promoted by the company colonizing, which was carried out by thugs, gangsters, police, law, and is considered a practice of violence supported by the agencies and bureaucratic institutions of the State of Paraná. Seeing that it was an unequal struggle for land. / Esta pesquisa visa discutir os conflitos agrários e o mercado de terras na região Oeste do Estado do Paraná. Partindo da problemática dos conflitos agrários nas fronteiras internas, parte-se da análise do estudo de caso da Gleba Santa Cruz . Uma disputa entre a Sociedade Colonizadora União D Oeste Ltda. e o Estado do Paraná, que aconteceu no ano de 1954. O estudo das fronteiras neste trabalho busca a gênese do mesmo a partir do ano de 1843 e da participação do Estado do Paraná e companhias colonizadoras nesse processo, as quais moldaram a forma institucional do mercado de terras. A consolidação do mercado de terras no Oeste do Paraná aconteceu a partir da decisão de Getúlio Vargas de integrar os territórios fronteiriços no território nacional, promovendo a Marcha para o Oeste com a finalidade de estimular a colonização agrícola desses territórios. A nova fronteira agrícola, inserida no ideário do desenvolvimento da economia nacional atraiu colonos e investimentos que fizeram com que as terras fossem valorizadas. Estimulou-se, assim, um mercado de terras que atraiu sobre si os interesses de agentes econômicos com fins especulativos e mercadológicos e do Estado, sustentado por grupos que buscavam pela hegemonia política garantir as suas vantagens econômicas. Utilizou-se nessa pesquisa fontes primárias, secundárias, bibliográficas, narrativas, particulares e públicas. A metodologia foi entendida como caminho ou procedimento de reflexão e análise necessária para a articulação do corpo conceptual (ou teoria) com a realidade de investigação do estudo de caso da Gleba Santa Cruz buscando na abordagem analítico-comparativa a compreensão dos conflitos agrários no Oeste do Paraná. A especulação, concentração e apropriação de terras devolutas geraram, posteriormente, confrontos e conflitos contra os colonos, posseiros e grileiros, além de forma de entendimento utilizado para se compreender aquela realidade, suas disputas, conflitos e hegemonia de grupos locais e regionais. Nota-se que na fronteira a violência é compreendida como processo econômico de ocupação da terra. Depois da limpeza do solo feito pelos colonos ou posseiros, conforme foi referido neste trabalho surge a operação de limpeza promovida pela companhia colonizadora, a qual foi protagonizada por jagunços, pistoleiros, policiais, da lei, sendo considerada uma prática de violência apoiada nas agências e instituições burocráticas do Estado do Paraná. Vê-se que foi uma luta desigual pela posse da terra.

A pesquisa desenvolvida tem como objetivo analisar os conteúdos jornalísticos das rádios Cero Corá e FM Melodia e verificar se o meio, que atua como instrumento de divulgação, representa de forma simbólica a cultura e a identidade das comunidades fronteiriças. A análise foi desenvolvida na fronteira de Ponta Porã-Pedro Juan Caballero e Corumbá-Puerto Quijarro, e a seleção dos objetos de pesquisa, a saber, as rádios de fronteira, teve como fundamento o fato de caracterizarem-se as emissoras como binacionais. Por ser uma região limítrofe do Brasil, onde não existem barreiras geográficas, caracterizada pela conformação de fronteira seca, os municípios sul-mato-grossenses e paraguaio e boliviano representam uma área peculiar para pesquisa, uma vez que os intercâmbios entre as comunidades são cotidianos. Sendo assim, pretende-se identificar se os discursos e as vivências da população que mora na fronteira estão presentes nos relatos das emissoras radiofônicas. / The research aimed at analyzing the journalistic content of Cerro Cora and FM Melodia radio stations and certifying that the medium represents in a symbolic manner the culture and identity of the neighbouring communities. The analysis took place on the borders of Ponta Porã-Juan Caballero and Corumbá-Puerto Quijarro and the choice of the research objects, i.e. the neighbouring communities\' radio stations, happened thanks to their binational characteristic. Since it is a borderline region of Brazil, with countries separated by land borders and with no actual barriers between them, the exchange between communities is common-place and thus such municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul, Paraguay and Bolivia are very peculiar subjects to research. Hence, the goal here is to identify whether the language and experiences of the population of the borders are present in the broadcast of the radio stations.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-23T15:10:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 claudianesilvacarvalho.pdf: 1069661 bytes, checksum: 4ed91d1ffdabf747e80c9718808ef54d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-02T11:39:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 claudianesilvacarvalho.pdf: 1069661 bytes, checksum: 4ed91d1ffdabf747e80c9718808ef54d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-02T11:39:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 claudianesilvacarvalho.pdf: 1069661 bytes, checksum: 4ed91d1ffdabf747e80c9718808ef54d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-24 / O presente estudo apresenta como temática o Programa Ciência sem Fronteiras (CsF) e o seu processo de implantação na Universidade Federal de Viçosa – Campus de Rio Paranaíba (UFV-CRP), com uma abordagem detalhada de seus êxitos e desafios nas dimensões nacional e local. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar todo o processo de implantação e, ao final, propor soluções pontuais e exequíveis para os pontos de crise diagnosticados, as quais elevem a consecução das metas estabelecidas pelo programa, que visa a promover a consolidação, expansão e a internacionalização da ciência e tecnologia, da inovação e da competitividade brasileira por meio do intercâmbio e da mobilidade internacional. A análise dos dados tomou por base os alunos da UFV-CRP selecionados pelo CsF e as deficiências apresentadas no processo que impediram a seleção dos demais inscritos, a partir das quais foram feitas proposições locais para solucionar desafios, como: deficiência dos alunos no aprendizado de idiomas; dificuldades do corpo discente na obtenção do perfil de excelência acadêmica; exclusão dos alunos matriculados em cursos das áreas de Ciências Humanas e Sociais e dificuldades nos processos de aproveitamento das disciplinas cursadas no exterior. / The present study aimed to investigate the Science Without Borders Program (CsF) and its implementation at the Federal University of Viçosa – Rio Paranaíba Campus (UFV-CRP), and provide a comprehensive panorama of its achievements and challenges both locally and nation wide. This research aimed to investigate the entire deployment process and, ultimately, propose specific and feasible solutions to the problematic issues for the achievement of the goals set by the CsF. The program seeks to promote the consolidation, expansion and internationalization of science and technology, national innovation and competitiveness through international exchange. The data analysis considered the UFV-CRP students selected by CsF and the failures in the process that prevented the selection of other applicants. Such information provided the basis for proposals to solve those local problems, which included students' difficulties in language learning and obtaining academic excellence profile; exclusion of students enrolled in Humanities and Social Sciences programs and difficulties in the use of credits from foreign education institutions.

Submitted by isabela.moljf@hotmail.com (isabela.moljf@hotmail.com) on 2017-02-15T13:49:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 patriciamaiadovalehorta.pdf: 1407938 bytes, checksum: c33dacf1aaa1886d4dba6877d03110f2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-15T13:55:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 patriciamaiadovalehorta.pdf: 1407938 bytes, checksum: c33dacf1aaa1886d4dba6877d03110f2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-15T13:55:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 patriciamaiadovalehorta.pdf: 1407938 bytes, checksum: c33dacf1aaa1886d4dba6877d03110f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-26 / O presente trabalho propõe uma interpretação sobre a presença do fenômeno religioso no âmbito do espaço público, a partir da hipótese de que há uma afinidade, transformada e tensa, entre estas duas esferas da vida. Pela perspectiva das fronteiras porosas é possível que religião e campo secular das empresas se combinem mutuamente, formando um novo ethos para o ambiente de negócios. Algo que não se restringe somente iniciativa de empresários religiosos, nem a uma prática administrativa confessional de algum adepto fervoroso, mas que se constitui da participação de todos os sujeitos sociais que constróem e compõem o espaço sócio-cultural das empresas. Pretendo mostrar, por uma perspectiva interdisciplinar, que há uma religião de empresa que se configura de forma complexa neste ambiente secular; pois, se por um lado, mantém características próprias ao campo religioso brasileiro de onde adveio; por outro, parece possuir afinidades significativas com o campo secular econômico. Na empresa é identificada também uma religiosidade que, livre dos marcos rígidos das instituições, combina-se aos valores e pressupostos da cultura organizacional para construção de um sistema simbólico de comunicação parte, que atende aos problemas existenciais do cotidiano dessas pessoas. / The present work considers an interpretation on the presence of the religious phenomenon in the scope of the public space, from the hypothesis of that it has an affinity, transformed and tense, it enters these two spheres of the life. For the perspective of the porous borders it is possible that religion and secular field of the companies if combine mutually, forming new ethos for the environment of the business. Something that not is restricted only to the initiative of religious entrepreneurs, nor to confessional administrative practical one of some fervent adept, but that if it constitutes of the participation of all the social citizens that compose the socio cultural space of the companies. I intend to show, for a perspective to interdisciplinary, that it has a religion of company who if configures of complex form in this secular environment; therefore, if on the other hand, it keeps proper characteristics to the Brazilian religious field of where it happened; for another one, it seems to possess significant affinities with the economic secular field. In the company a religiousness is also identified that, it exempts of rigid landmarks of the institutions, agrees it the estimated values and of the organizational culture for construction of a symbolic system of communication to the part, that takes care of to the existences problems of the daily one of these people.

Submitted by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2016-08-08T17:05:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Letícia Berneira Cardozo.pdf: 3922727 bytes, checksum: 1e6c6240617c3248fcfc28df1bb4a09d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2016-08-08T17:05:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Letícia Berneira Cardozo.pdf: 3922727 bytes, checksum: 1e6c6240617c3248fcfc28df1bb4a09d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-08T17:06:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Letícia Berneira Cardozo.pdf: 3922727 bytes, checksum: 1e6c6240617c3248fcfc28df1bb4a09d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-29 / Sem bolsa / De acordo com Leffa (2003), uma das principais metas da educação é produzir materiais didáticos capazes de despertar o interesse e a motivação para aprender uma língua adicional. Almeida Filho (2013) argumenta que em se tratando do ensino de línguas adicionais em um contexto de ensino de língua estrangeira, os materiais didáticos são importantes peças, pois atuam como um elemento facilitador do ensino e aprendizagem. Segundo o pesquisador, o grande perigo é que estes materiais quando mal manipulados ou mal elaborados podem provocar o desinteresse do aprendiz. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar como o material didático elaborado pelo próprio professor que o utiliza pode impactar a motivação dos aprendizes. Para a pesquisa foram considerados os materiais didáticos produzidos pelos professores do Programa Idiomas sem Fronteiras – Inglês da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, pois estes materiais estão focados no desenvolvimento da proficiência em língua inglesa da comunidade acadêmica e pela possibilidade de analisar um material autêntico, criado para determinados fins. A fundamentação teórica está baseada no Modelo Motivacional ARCS (sigla para Atenção, Relevância, Confiança e Satisfação) e o Modelo Instrucional de John Keller (1983). Tais modelos foram desenvolvidos em resposta a um desejo de encontrar formas eficazes de compreender as principais influências sobre a motivação para aprender, e de formas sistemáticas de identificação e solução de problemas com a aprendizagem e motivação. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa. Os dados foram obtidos através de uma entrevista com a coordenação pedagógica do Programa, além da aplicação de questionários destinados ao corpo docente e discente do Programa. Esses instrumentos de pesquisa possibilitaram a compreensão do contexto em que os aprendizes estão inseridos, o processo de elaboração e as especificidades das ferramentas pedagógicas locais. Essa dissertação de mestrado concluiu que os materiais didáticos elaborados para contextos e públicos-alvo específicos podem impactar positivamente a motivação e o desenvolvimento de línguas adicionais, à medida que tal material pode ser capaz de contemplar os interesses, as necessidades, o uso da língua e estilos de aprendizagem dos estudantes. / According to Leffa (2003), one of the main goals in education is to produce teaching materials that are able to arouse interest and motivation to learn an additional language. Almeida Filho (2013) argues that teaching materials are important tools because they may facilitate teaching and learning process, especially when these additional languages are taught in a foreign language context. According to the researcher, the great danger is that these materials when badly handled or poorly designed may cause students’ disinterest. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyse how teaching materials developed by the teacher himself/herself may impact student’s motivation. During the study, the researcher analysed teaching materials produced by teachers from Languages without Borders Program – English from Universidade Federal de Pelotas, because these teaching materials are focused on the development of English language proficiency from the academic community, as well as by analyzing an authentic material that was created for specific purposes. The theoretical framework is based on Keller’s Motivational Model, best known as ARCS (acronym for Attention, Relevance, Confidence and Satisfaction) and on Keller’s Instructional Model. Both models have been developed in order to find effective ways to understand the main influences on motivation to learn and systematic ways to identify and solve problems with learning experiences and motivation. This is a qualitative research. All Data was obtained through an interview with the pedagogical department of the Program, besides applying questionnaires intended to faculty and students of the Program. These research instruments provided an understanding of the context in which learners are inserted, the process of development of local pedagogic tools and their specificities. This dissertation concluded teaching materials which are developed for specific contexts and target audiences may positively impact on motivation and the development of additional languages since these materials can address student’s interests, needs, language use and learning styles.

Cette étude soulève de nombreuses questions sur les Palestiniens vivant au sein de la diaspora en se concentrant sur les Palestiniens Chrétiens. Elle traite de sujets majeurs concernant les migrations, la diaspora, l'identité et les réseaux ; quatre concepts interdépendants mais qui ne peuvent être analysés de façon isolée les uns des autres. La majorité des migrations palestiniennes ont commencé pa rdes migrations forcées pour des raisons politiques ou économiques avant de devenir des migrations transnationales.Bien que des politiques d'absorption des migrants par les pays de la diaspora aient été mises en place, ceux-ci ont conservé leur identité, grâce aux réseaux religieux, familiaux,nationaux et palestiniens. La création de clubs de villages et de villes, de clubs familiaux, d’églises arabes, entre autres,ont relié les migrants les uns aux autres et ont également mis en lien la diaspora et le pays d'origine.Comprenant des réseaux sociaux, économiques et charitables, les réseaux transnationaux ont affirmé les relations des migrants avec leur pays d'origine comme un élément principal. Toutefois, la proportion de migrants palestiniens pouvant franchir les frontières de leur pays d'origine reste faible. Ceci confirme le fait que les Palestiniens à l'étranger constituent une vraie diaspora. Les Palestiniens ont vécu différentes expériences de migration et de diaspora dans les pays arabes voisins et dans les pays éloignés étrangers (non-arabes). Le concept de diaspora a été redéfini à partir de notre terrain palestinien.L'étude présente différents modèles géographiques de familles palestiniennes dans la diaspora / This study raises many questions and issues on Palestinians living in the diaspora through focusing on the segment of Palestinian Christians. This study discusses major issues on the level of migrations, diaspora, identity and networks; four interrelated concepts that could not be examined or understood in isolation from each other. The majority of Palestinian migrations started as forced emigrations for political or economic reasons before becoming transnationa lmigrations. This shift was accompanied by another shift in the legal statuses of this transient segment of Palestinians who obtained new nationalities.As a result of the adoption of migrants' absorption policies by countries of diaspora, migrants have preserved their identities, which ranged from religious, to familial, to nationalist and to Palestinian. The establishment of village and city clubs, Arab churches and family divans (Diwans) among others have connected migrants to one another and also connected the diaspora to the homeland .Ranging from social, to economic, to charitable, transnational networks have affirmed emigrants' relations with their country of origin as a main element. However, the proportion of Palestinian emigrants could cross borders to their country of origin is small. This is confirm the fact that Palestinians abroad constitute a real diaspora .Palestinians have gone through different experiences of migration and diaspora in neighboring Arab countries and remote foreign (non-Arab) countries; the concept of Diaspora has been redefined in a manner that fits the Palestinian case. The study presents different geographic patterns of Palestinian families in the diaspora.

Cette étude s’intéresse aux confins de territoire de la « cité » des Carnutes durant l’Antiquité. L’espace considéréconcerne les confins est (la Beauce) et ouest (le Perche). Cet espace présente la particularité d'avoir fait l'objet derecherches archéologiques anciennes, complétées d’une part par des prospections pédestres sur desagglomérations ou des habitats et d’autre part par des analyses céramologiques. La première et la deuxièmepartie de cette étude sont consacrées à l’historiographie de la recherche et aux méthodes utilisées. Il en résulteune documentation importante présentée dans la troisième partie qui permet de mettre en avant un corpus surlequel se fonde une réflexion sur les confins de territoire. La documentation réunie est une base d’informationssur laquelle on peut construire un raisonnement. Le principal objectif de cette recherche est de réfléchir à lamanière de cerner les dynamiques de peuplement dans un confins de territoire durant l’Antiquité, en essayant decomprendre si on occupe différemment un espace de confins ou non. La quatrième partie présente une synthèsesur le peuplement aux confins des territoires de la cité carnute avec notamment une étude sur la céramiquecarnute comme possible facteur de délimitation d’une civitas. / This study aims at examining the borders of Carnutes’ territory in the ancient time, especially at the east andwest sides, that is Beauce and Perche. Archaeological investigations instituted long ago have been completedwith a few archaeological surveys of urban and rural areas, and also with ceramics analysis. A historiographicstudy of the subject composes the first part; the second part aims at setting out the method that has been used tobuild up an important documentation which is presented in a third and main part. This new corpus constitutes thebase of a reflexion on dynamics of settlement and territory’s borders during Antiquity as the main objective ofthis research. That is to try to understand if one takes up the boundaries in the same way as any other place ornot. The fourth part is a synthesis on the borders settlement of the civitas of the Carnutes, including a study oncarnutes’ ceramics as a possible factor of delimitation of a civitas.

This thesis assesses the unintended consequences of the European Union’ asylum regime. The structure of the asylum regime arguably burdens the Member States along the external border with responsibility of humanitarian migrants seeking international protection more than Member States to the north. As a result, the Member States on the external border pursue security measures of migration control to deter migration from their borderlands, consequently creating human insecurity. The question this thesis seeks to answer is as follows: How has the EU’s asylum regime resulted in unintended consequences of human insecurity and ultimately become a catalyst for human rights infringements? By reviewing the dimensions of insecurity, migrant immobility and rightslessness, I answer this question by arguing that migrant insecurity is a common phenomenon within the EU asylum regime as there is a tendency to pursue security measures that prevent migrants from obtaining regularized status within his or her chosen Member State. In a time when the nexus between migration and security is a prominent feature in decision-making by state actors, reviewing measures of migration control is important to see the creation of insecurity. The thesis reviews the relevant concepts of the field, the make up of the asylum regime and how it consequently creates instances of insecurity and finally reviews Spain as a case study of Member States along the external border. / Graduate

The southern Mozambique/ South Africa borderland is a landscape epitomised by fluctuation, contradiction and constant transformation. It is a world betwixt-and-between Mozambique and South Africa. The international border, imposed on the landscape more than a century ago, gives life to a new world that stretches across and away from it. The inhabitants of this transitional zone constantly shape and reshape their own identities vis-à-vis people on the opposite and same side of the border. This border, which was delineated in 1875, was to separate the influence spheres of Portugal and Britain in south-east Africa. On the ground it divided the once strong and unified Mabudu-Tembe (Tembe-Thonga) chiefdom. At first the border was only a line on a map. With time, however, it became infused with social and cultural meaning as the dividing line between two new worlds. This was exacerbated by Portuguese and British colonial administration on opposite sides of the border, Apartheid in South Africa and socialist modernisation and war and displacement in Mozambique. All these events and factors created cultural fragmentation and disunion between the northern and southern sides of the borderland. By the end of the Mozambican War in 1992 the northern side of the borderland was populated by displaced refugees, demobilised soldiers and bandits, as well as returnees from neighbouring countries. Many of these people did not have any ancestral ties to the land nor kinship ties to its earlier inhabitants. Whereas a common Thonga identity had previously united people on both sides of the border, South African policies of Apartheid increasingly promoted the Zulu language and culture on the southern side of the border. The end of warfare in Mozambique and of Apartheid in South Africa facilitated contact across the border. Social contact between the inhabitants of the borderland is furthermore fostered by various economic opportunities offered by the border, such as cross-border trade and smuggling. The increase in social and economic contact has in turn dissolved differences between the inhabitants of the borderland and promoted homogeneity and unity across the political divide. Fragmentation and homogeneity characterises daily life in the borderland. Inhabitants of the frontier-zone play these forces off against each other, now emphasising the differences across the border, later emphasising the similarities. The borderland is a world of multiple identities, where ethnicity, citizenship and identity, already fluid and contextual concepts in their own rights, become even more so as people constantly define and redefine themselves in this transitional environment. / Thesis (DPhil (Anthropology))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Anthropology and Archaeology / unrestricted

In this thesis I aim to build a normative argument for equality of access to advantage at the global level, and motivate action conducive to the realization of this ideal. The normative argument is presented over the course of the first two chapters. In Chapter One I ask, ‘How should we conceive of distributive equality?’ Following G.A. Cohen, I argue that equality is best conceived as equality of access to advantage. I interpret this to require equal access to both ‘worldly autonomy’—a term I invoke to describe a certain basic threshold level of autonomy—and subjective preference satisfaction. In Chapter Two, I establish a justificatory basis for equality on a global scale. I argue that equality is justified at the global level on the basis of justice as reciprocity for the mutual provision of the global system of state-enforced borders, in which the participation of all people is equally necessary, and that makes possible a wide variety of institutional goods predominately enjoyed by people in rich developed countries. In Chapter Three, I take up the second aim of the thesis: to motivate action conducive to the realization of this global distributive ideal. I engage the concern that global equality is a poor ideal, demanding too much change in the attitudes and lifestyles of the well-off to motivate them to pursue it. I aim to show that, even if most people are not motivated to pursue global equality, there are alternative grounds for immediately feasible global reforms and redistributions likely to have greater motivational purchase on people’s sensibilities. Alternative grounds for redistribution and reform include reparative justice, cooperative justice, respect for basic human rights, and self-interest. Making these redistributions and reforms would not only be desirable from the perspective of the alternative grounds that explain them, but will have the further happy result of bringing the world closer to the global distributive ideal of equality of access to advantage. Plausibly, it will bring the world sufficiently close to this ideal that people will be motivated to pursue it for its own sake.