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61	Traduzir a luz da cruz : uma leitura da versao portuguesa do Dao De Jing feita pelo Padre Joaquim Guerra / Uma leitura da versao portuguesa do Dao De Jing feita pelo Padre Joaquim Guerra Tian, Jing January 2011 (has links) University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Portuguese
62	The apocalyptic tradition in Scotland, 1588-1688 Drinnon, David A. January 2013 (has links) Throughout the seventeenth century, numerous Scots became convinced that the major political and religious upheavals of their age signified the fulfillment of, or further unfolding of, the vivid prophecies described in the Book of Revelation which foretell of the final consummation of all things. To date, however, an in-depth analysis of the evolution of Scottish apocalyptic belief during the seventeenth century has never been undertaken. This thesis utilizes a wide variety of source material to demonstrate the existence of a cohesive, persistent, and largely conservative tradition of apocalyptic thought in Scotland that spanned the years 1588 to 1688. Chapter One examines several influential commentaries on the Book of Revelation published by notable Scots during the decades either side of the Union of Crowns. These works reveal many of the principal characteristics that formed the basis of the Scottish apocalyptic tradition. The most important of these traits which became a consistent feature of the tradition was the rejection of millenarianism. In recent years, historians have exaggerated the influence of millenarian ideals in Scotland during the Covenanting movement which began in 1638. Chapter Two argues that Scottish Covenanters consistently denounced millenarianism as a dangerous, subversive doctrine that could lead to the religious radicalism espoused by sixteenth-century German Anabaptists. Chapter Three looks at political and religious factors which led to the general decline of apocalyptic expectancy in Scotland during the Interregnum. It also demonstrates how, despite this decline, Scottish apocalyptic thinkers continued to uphold the primary traits of the apocalyptic tradition which surfaced over the first half of the century. Lastly, Chapter Four explains how state-enforced religious persecution of Scottish Presbyterians during the Restoration period led to the radicalisation of the tradition and inspired the violent actions of Covenanter extremists who believed they had been chosen by God to act as instruments of his divine vengeance in the latter-days. 236
63	Ritual functions of the Book of Relevation: hope in dark times Van Rensburg, Hanré Janse 06 1900 (has links) Through a critical-functional, rather than literal, reading of the text of Revelation, this dissertation hypothesises a move beyond the paralysing constant reduction of hermeneutic meaning to two conventional poles when discussing hope – the early Christian movement’s hope through reversal, and contemporary nihilism. In order to do so in a responsible manner, it is necessary to study other research done on the topics of eschatology and hope – especially as seen in the book of Revelation. For this reason, the most popular and representative scholars of the Book of Revelation are studied. This overall look at current scholarships' views regarding the Apocalypse will help detect any possible missing elements in our approach to Revelation. But no study of this topic can be considered near complete if other disciplines are not involved; in this case especially when moving on to a critical-functional reading of Revelation. This thesis thus features an exploratory study of the functioning of ritual and hope within the human psyche; from archaeological to psychological perspectives. This emphasises the importance of, and leads into, the possibilities of a functional reading of the Book of Revelation. All of the above work leads to a re-evaluation of the success of hope as metanarrative for today. The suggestion is that Christian hope is not imaginary, but is irreducibly imaginative. For “reality is never just the world as it exists; it is the world as it is experienced through the lenses of social perception” (Barr 2010:636). / New Testament / D. Th. (New Testament and Early Christian Studies) Book of Revelation Apocalypse of John Critical-functional reading Cultural archaeology Progress Nihilism Eschatology Science and theology Representative studies Myth Ritual Liturgy Epistemology Theory of relativity Continuity and discontinuity Hope Optimism Metanarratives Psychological perspective Anthropology of experience Creating experience and meaning Resurrection Ritual possibilities 228.06 Bible. Revelation. -- Commentaries Hope in the Bible Symbolism in the Bible John, the Baptist, Saint -- Teachings Nihilism -- Religious aspects Eschatology -- Biblical teaching Religion and science -- Christianity
64	Sharḥ Lubāb al-nuqūl fī asbāb al-nuzūl [ṣafwa al-taʻlīqāt al-mutaʻllīqāt bi-aḥwāl nuzūl al-Qurʼān] / Commentary on Lubab al-nuqul fi asbab al-nuzul (the cream of reports relating to circumstances for Qur'anic revelation Elkoly, Mohammed Hassan Mohamed 05 1900 (has links) Arabic text. Arabic summary and keywords cannot be copied into meta data fields / The importance of this research is evident from the field related to it; namely, that of reports about circumstances for Qur’anic revelations. Without a comprehensive knowledge of it, many of the subtleties and nuances of Qur’anic discourse remain concealed from us. For this purpose, I used al-Suyuti’s "Lubab al-Nuqul fi Asbab al-Nuzul" for the pivotal and comprehensive role it occupies among works dealing with this discipline. Briefly, my methodology was the following: I first presented a summary of the author’s biography. Secondly, I edited the manuscript I had obtained of this book from the King Faisal Library in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Thirdly, I made comparisons between this version and numerous printed versions of this book in order to verify the authenticity of textual information I presented in this thesis by categorising Prophetic and other reports at the levels of their soundness and weakness so that the reader may obtain a firm insight into their status levels. Fourthly, I amended reports that al-Suyuti had omitted in relation to verses he had cited. Fifthly, I graded different reports on a topic according to established criteria in this subject; often reconciling them where it was possible. I interpreted verses in their general purport by indicating that the report/s relating to the circumstances for revelation was/were already embodied in their signification. I only deviated from this norm where I found that a body of reliable scholars had given preference to a particular report vis-à-vis a certain verse; in which case I adopted their opinion. Sixthly, I attached brief commentaries to relevant verses to enable the reader to gain a more comprehensive grasp of text within its context. Finally, I defined some peculiar terminology found in this book for the benefit of unfamiliar researchers. / Religious Studies and Arabic / D. Litt. et Phil. (Islamic Studies) Qur'ānic chapter Authentic report Good report Weak report Commentary Unobjectionable report Narratorial chain Unobjectionable Prophetic report Transmission of narration Perplexing Prophetic report 297.1227
65	L'Image dans le Beatus de Lorvão: figuration, composition et visualité dans les enluminures du Commentaire de l'Apocalypse attribué au scriptorium du monastère de São Mamede de Lorvão-1189 Silva Rocha, Jorge Manuel Gomes da 05 May 2008 (has links) L’Apocalypse de Lorvão appartient au cycle des commentaires illustrés de la vision de Jean aujourd’hui connus sous le nom de «Beatus». Ces œuvres d’exégèse, enluminées surtout dans le nord de la péninsule Ibérique pendant l’occupation musulmane, constituent un ensemble pictural à l’identité artistique indéniable. Cependant, le manuscrit copié et illustré dans le scriptorium du monastère de São Mamede de Lorvão en 1189 diverge à plusieurs reprises des options iconographiques des autres codex et les solutions picturales et stylistiques de l’oeuvre portugaise se détachent significativement de celles des Beatus de la même époque comme par exemple ceux de Manchester, Cardeña ou Navarre. L’oeuvre se différencie aussi du travail produit dans les scriptoria portugais les plus réputés de Santa Cruz de Coimbra et Santa Maria de Alcobaça et amène à nous interroger sur le contexte de création de l’œuvre et sur la visualité qui a été à l’origine de ces images peintes. A partir de l’analyse du travail de figuration du moine artiste on constate que la nature conceptuelle du texte interprétatif s’est superposée à la dramatisation des visions de Jean et qu’elle a conditionné l’attitude créative. C’est donc dans le rapport conceptuel et spirituel entre le travail pictural et le texte exégétique que les images du manuscrit de Lorvão trouvent, en grande partie, leur singularité. La proximité entre l’image et l’exégèse semble aussi avoir été transmise aux enluminures de Lorvão par l’archétype utilisé, dépositaire probable d’une orientation plus conceptuelle et minimale qui serait une caractéristique des enluminures des premiers Beatus. Cela peut aussi avoir une répercussion importante dans la reconfiguration du stemma pictural des Beatus. / Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished Histoire Sciences humaines Apocalyptic art -- Portugal Enluminure portugaise Enluminure mozarabe -- Portugal Art apocalyptique -- Portugal Apocalypse Beatus de Liébana Lorvão
66	The interpretation of South African double taxation agreements under international law Johannes, Benhardt Laurentius January 2014 (has links) This dissertation interrogates which principles should govern the interpretation of South African Double Tax Agreements (‘DTAs’). This field of study is complex because any DTAs have a dual nature. In the first place, it is an international agreement where two states are parties (a bilateral agreement); second, it also becomes part of domestic law. DTAs are governed by principles of customary international law some of which have been codified in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (‘VCLT’). Though South Africa is not a party to the VCLT, nevertheless, there is judicial support in South Africa for the notion that VCLT reflects general principles of international law [Harksen v President of the Republic of South Africa 1998 (2) SA 1011 (C)]. DTAs are incorporated into South African domestic law by way of statutory enactment in accordance with the dualist approach to international law. The first purpose of the dissertation is to systematise and analyse the structure of an OECD Model Tax Convention (‘OEC D MTC’) and the international methods (principles) of interpretation of DTAs in order to gain a better understanding of how this international methods functions. A number of issues relating to the interpretation of these methods are analysed. Since DTAs are applied by tax authorities, courts and taxpayers in a domestic law context, i.e. within the framework of the legal system of a particular state, the analysis focuses on the application in South Africa of the methods of the interpretation of South African DTAs. The second objective of the dissertation refers to international tax law principles (treaties and customary international law) derived from South Africa public international law and to evaluate a few selected issues related to South African DTAs and their relevance to South Africa domestic tax laws; the interpretation of DTAs and the implications of a DTA overriding or in conflict with South Africa domestic tax laws. It will also interrogate the legal status of a DTA under South African tax law and whether the anti-discrimination article in South Africa DTAs have the force of law in South Africa? / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / gm2014 / Mercantile Law / unrestricted Assignment rules Bilateral Agreement Context Common Interpretation Customary International Law Docrine of self-executing treaties Double taxation Double Tax Agreements Exemption with progression Full credit International agreement Interpretation of Double Tax Agreements International Law Irreconcilable conflicting issues Ordinary tax credit Method Parallel Treaties Tax Sparing Credit Static versus Ambulatory interpretation Taxation of Income The OECD model The UN model The Commentaries of the OECD model Vienna convention on the Law of Treaties UCTD
67	A Pragmatic Standard of Legal Validity Tyler, John 2012 May 1900 (has links) American jurisprudence currently applies two incompatible validity standards to determine which laws are enforceable. The natural law tradition evaluates validity by an uncertain standard of divine law, and its methodology relies on contradictory views of human reason. Legal positivism, on the other hand, relies on a methodology that commits the analytic fallacy, separates law from its application, and produces an incomplete model of law. These incompatible standards have created a schism in American jurisprudence that impairs the delivery of justice. This dissertation therefore formulates a new standard for legal validity. This new standard rejects the uncertainties and inconsistencies inherent in natural law theory. It also rejects the narrow linguistic methodology of legal positivism. In their stead, this dissertation adopts a pragmatic methodology that develops a standard for legal validity based on actual legal experience. This approach focuses on the operations of law and its effects upon ongoing human activities, and it evaluates legal principles by applying the experimental method to the social consequences they produce. Because legal history provides a long record of past experimentation with legal principles, legal history is an essential feature of this method. This new validity standard contains three principles. The principle of reason requires legal systems to respect every subject as a rational creature with a free will. The principle of reason also requires procedural due process to protect against the punishment of the innocent and the tyranny of the majority. Legal systems that respect their subjects' status as rational creatures with free wills permit their subjects to orient their own behavior. The principle of reason therefore requires substantive due process to ensure that laws provide dependable guideposts to individuals in orienting their behavior. The principle of consent recognizes that the legitimacy of law derives from the consent of those subject to its power. Common law custom, the doctrine of stare decisis, and legislation sanctioned by the subjects' legitimate representatives all evidence consent. The principle of autonomy establishes the authority of law. Laws must wield supremacy over political rulers, and political rulers must be subject to the same laws as other citizens. Political rulers may not arbitrarily alter the law to accord to their will. Legal history demonstrates that, in the absence of a validity standard based on these principles, legal systems will not treat their subjects as ends in themselves. They will inevitably treat their subjects as mere means to other ends. Once laws do this, men have no rest from evil. natural law theory legal positivism HLA Hart William Blackstone John Locke Jeremy Bentham John Austin Galileo Socrates Trotsky Athens Soviet law Stuart dynasty John Dewey Dewey Commission Sidney Hook Congregation of the Holy Office Galileo Affair trial of Socrates Moscow Trials trial of Galileo heresy trial of Trotsky reason autonomy consent philosophy of law pragmatism Kant Inquisition ostracism Anaxagoras Protagoras Alcibiades Arginusae Pericles Peloponnesian War Solon Ephialtes Apology Plato Herodotus Xenophon Plutarch Roscoe Pound common law Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. The Common Law The Path of the Law Learned Hand Christopher Columbus Langdell Ronald Dworkin Lon Fuller Lenin Stalin King Rex Sergei Kirov Permanent Revolution Socialism in One Country Great Terror Dekulakization Holomodor Terror Famine Italian positivist school Harold J. Berman Gustav Radbruch Ramon Mercader Trotsky assassination Marteman Ryutin Old Bolsheviks Genrikh Yagoda Pope Urban VIII Walter Duranty Harold Denny New York Times Joseph E. Davies Mission to Moscow New Republic John F. Finerty Lev Sedov Military Collegium Vasili Ulrikh Gaspare Borgia Cardinal Robert Bellarmine Pericles Father Commissary Michelangelo Segizzi Cardinal Francesco Barberini Cardinal Maffeo Barberini Siderius Nuncius Starry Messenger Accademia dei Lincei Letters on Sunspots Friar Tommaso Caccini Niccolo Lorini Commentaries on the Laws of England Second Treatise on Civil Government Henry de Bracton Sir Edward Coke Sir John Fortescue Matthew Hale Ranulf de Glanvil James I Charles I James II Charles II ship money forest fines distraint of knighthood impositions dispensing power royal prerogative Duke of Buckingham Oliver Cromwell Bishops Wars William Prynne Great Migration Declaration of Indulgence Settlement Act Test Act Protectorate Clarendon Code Quaker Act William and Mary English Civil War Puritan Revolution Glorious Revolution Thirty Years' War Earl of Shaftesbuty William Laud Historiomatrix Long Parliament Rump Parliament Barebones Parliament sociological jurisprudence Red Terror war communism New Economic Policy 1926 Criminal Code Kirov Amendments judicial discretion semantic sting The Concept of Law Fragments on Government The Province of Jurisprudence Determined A Fragment on Government Anarchical Fallacies primary rules secondary rules rule of recognition legal validity internal point of view external point of view law as prediction the bad man perspective on law life of the law page of history Basilikon Doron Trew Law of Free Monarchies

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