I detta självständiga arbete undersöks upplevelsen av arrangering för stråkinstrument utifrån olika musikaliska parametrar. Syftet med arbetet är att analysera dessa upplevelser samt att studera hur inställningen och självförtroendet till arrangeringen varierar och utvecklas. Under tre månader skapas arrangemang av åtta låtar av varierande karaktär, där processen dokumenteras med hjälp av loggbok och analyseras med tematisk analys. Med stöd från det fenomenologiska perspektivet och vald litteratur presenteras ett resultat utifrån följande frågeställningar: Hur påverkar olika musikaliska parametrar så som gehör, rytmik och harmonisering vid arrangering? Hur upplevs arrangeringsprocessen utifrån inställning, självförtroende och utmaningar? Resultatet delas in i två teman som baseras på dessa frågeställningar, Musikaliska parametrar och Upplevelsen av arrangering. I resultatet framkommer att plankning och gehörsbaserad arrangering upplevs som lustfylld och utmanande. Utveckling vad gäller harmonisering och musikteori analyseras och vid arrangering för elever dras slutsatsen att balansen mellan utmaningar och tydlighet i arrangemanget är en utmaning även för arrangören. Struktur lyfts som en betydelsefull faktor i processen och inställningen till arbetet är mestadels positiv. Motgångar ger ny drivkraft och inspiration till nya idéer och självförtroendet växer under arbetets gång. Avslutningsvis följer en diskussion kring arbetets resultat i relation till vald litteratur och det fenomenologiska perspektivet. / In this self-study the experience of arranging for string instruments is examined based on different musical parameters. The purpose of this study is to analyze these experiences and to examine how the attitude and self-confidence varies and develops. During three months, arrangements of eight songs of varying character are created, where the process is documented with the help of a journal and analyzed with thematic analysis. With support from the phenomenological perspective and selected literature, a result is presented based on the following questions: How do different musical parameters such as hearing, rhythm and harmonization affect when arranging? How is the arrangement process experienced based on attitude, self-confidence and challenges? The results are divided into two themes based on these issues, musical parameters and the experience of arrangement. The results show that an aural-based arrangement is experienced as pleasurable and challenging. Development in terms of harmonization and music theory is analyzed and when arranging for students, it is concluded that the balance between challenges and clarity in the arrangement is indeed a challenge for the arranger as well. Structure is highlighted as a significant factor in the process and the attitude to the study is mostly positive. Adversity provides new impetus and inspiration to new ideas and self-confidence grows during the study. In conclusion, a discussion follows about the results of the study in relation to selected literature and the phenomenological perspective.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka undervisning i naturvetenskap i förskolan genom att analysera det internationella begreppet STEAM, vilket är en förkortning av olika ämnen som kan integreras med varandra i naturvetenskaplig undervisning. Uppsatsen är en litteraturstudie om innehåll och arbetssätt i STEAM i relation till tidigare forskning och läroplanens skrivningar. Metodavsnittet utgår ifrån textanalys som avser att lyfta fram olika teman och mönster som framkommer i forskningen, med hjälp av tematisk analys. Det teoretiska perspektivet bottnar i delar av läroplansteorin som handlar om de didaktiska frågorna vad och hur, närmare bestämt frågor som handlar om innehåll och arbetsformer. Resultaten visar att kreativa processer och konstformer samt förskollärarens didaktiska förhållningssätt och specifika arbetsmetoder kan ha en positiv påverkan på barns lärande i naturvetenskap och att lärande sker utifrån barns erfarenheter och intressen. Utifrån STEAM ses barn i förskolan som naturligt kreativa och kompetenta och integrering av ämnen ses som en möjlig lösning på behovet av kompetens i naturvetenskapliga ämnen.

No description available.

Visualization is an important part of the design process. The sketches that are created during the design process are the visible evidence of the visualization that occurs in the brain. The process of designing involves a conversation that occurs between the student and the sketches created during problem finding and problem solving in the design process. This conversation allows the student to progress through the design process manipulating both the drawn image on paper and the visualization that occurs in their mind until a fitting solution to the problem is found. This study sought a better understanding of this communication style and it's effect on designed final products. Two methods of analysis were utilized in this research. Quantitative analysis was used to measure the correlation between quality of sketching process and the quality of the final designed product. Then multiple case studies were examined to describe in detail the design process styles of three students. First the sketches that were created during the designing of a student project were counted and then evaluated for sketch creativity and sketch efficacy. The final design products were evaluated for project creativeness and project function. Significant positive statistical correlations between the variables were observed. In summary, the quality of sketches and visual thinking during the design process had a measurable positive effect on the final designed solution. / Master of Science

No description available.

隨著娛樂經濟的時代已儼然來臨，伴隨著與文化、藝術、或是娛樂價值相結合的商品或服務，我們的生活也隨之豐富而多元，此刻內容產業也成為新世界經濟的主要推動力量。而內容產業不但創造高度的經濟價值與就業機會，而其所衍生之附加價值，更可讓社會大眾浸淫於生活美學的氛圍中，享受優質的文化環境。 而認識自己無疑是智慧的開端，本研究為一初探性之研究，從創新管理的觀點，針對與創意文化相關創作團隊所進行之專案，採用個案研究法，從中接觸到團隊旺盛的創造力與活力，並作為瞭解內容創作團隊領導者特色、團隊運作方式與創作過程，使創意團隊能以此作為依循的方向，希望能激發出更豐富及優異之創新成果。 本研究之研究個案包括，雲門舞集—《行草》之創作專案、Home Green電影公司—《你那邊幾點》創作專案、紅電影公司—《想飛》創作專案、雨龍三景—《魯賓遜漂流記》創作專案、侯孝賢映象製作公司—《千禧曼波》創作專案。 藉由多個案研究之訪談，將研究發現歸納整理如下： 壹、對於團隊領導者的觀察 1.創意團隊領導者多成長於矛盾的環境之中，一方面接受嚴謹的家庭或環境的要求與薰陶，另一方面卻又將自己與家庭學校或社會保持距離，具有邊陲情懷。 2.創造性人物具有高度的內在動機，並且勇於選擇與眾不同的道路前進。 3.創意團隊領導者具有矛盾的特質，且能在兩種極端的個性之中遊走迅速轉換。 4.出色的創意團隊領導者具備多樣專長，並藉此與不同功能的專業人員進行整合。 5.出色的創意團隊領導者願意賦予成員創作空間，讓團隊成員貢獻更多的創意，以培育全創作主義的團隊。 貳、創意團隊之啟發 1.創意團隊的成員組成具有多樣性較有助於團隊創意成果的發揮。 2.團隊成員的聘僱多採用過去已經合作過的成員。 3.團隊成員過去合作經驗與其參與創意過程的程度有所關聯。 團隊成員參與創意程度較高的團隊，其團隊成員多為長期合作的成員。 團隊成員參與創意程度中等的團隊，其團隊成員多為較少合作的成員。 4.創意團隊決策權與知識權相結合。 5.創意團隊偏重的決策方式，除了以理性為主之外，還側重以洞察與實行為主的決策模式。 6.傑出的創意團隊具有雙領導的傾向。 7. 出色的創意團隊，其團隊內具有中階管理者扮演語言轉譯及聯絡溝通的角色。 8. 實驗和原型試製作為溝通對話的橋樑與載具。 9. 創意團隊透過作中學及師徒制進行技能與知識傳承。 參、對創意過程的啟示 1. 出色的創意團隊，其創作題材之選擇多具獨創性，並與自身生活經驗與社會環境相結合。 2. 在專案正式展開前的事前計劃（pre-project planning），有助於專案的進行。

L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser les modes d’émergence de la voix chez cinq écrivains québécois ayant initié, durant les années 1940-1970, leur parcours littéraire à travers la pratique de la poésie. Cette thèse puise à même les ressources de la poétique telle qu’alimentée par les penseurs contemporains (Agamben, Blanchot, Didi-Huberman, Lyotard, Rey, Anzieu) et utilise certains outils d’analyse que fournissent la psychanalyse, la sociocritique, la linguistique et la philosophie. Aussi, certains documents personnels exhumés de divers fonds d’archives des cinq auteurs (lettres, journal, notes, brouillons) concourent à éclairer les modes d’émergence à l’oeuvre dans les premiers poèmes, afin de démontrer comment les écrits à venir se trouvent entièrement préfigurés dans ces textes initiaux. Il s’agit, en somme, de montrer comment ces poètes furent aux prises avec certaines problématiques communes, notamment le grand défi de fonder une parole authentique au sein d’une communauté poétique si longtemps réservée aux élites. Ayant tous amorcé un processus d’écriture à la moitié du XXe siècle, Gaston Miron, Alexis Lefrançois, Claude Gauvreau, Roland Giguère et Anne Hébert n’en demeurent pas moins déterminés par la culture qui les a formés; leurs oeuvres respectives sont, par conséquent, fondamentalement ancrées dans une quête d’élucidation de soi et de l’autre qui ne saurait s’élaborer qu’en suivant les chemins les plus intimes, et dont je tenterai, à travers une lecture personnelle de leurs premiers textes, de rendre toute la portée. / The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the rising modes of the voice in five Quebec writer’s work; these authors have started to write between 1940 and 1970, and their artistic path led them all to express themselves, in the first place, through poetry. This thesis digs into the resources of recent poetic studies (Agamben, Blanchot, Didi-Huberman, Lyotard, Rey, Anzieu) and uses certain tools given by parallel academic disciplines such as psychoanalysis, sociocriticism, linguistic and philosophy. Also, certain personal documents extracted from private and public archive founds (letters, notes, drafts, journal) contribute to throw light on the emergence’s modes in action in the first poems of the chosen writers, in addition to demonstrate how the writings to come may see themselves foreshadowed in the initial work. Therefore, this thesis will try to demonstrate how these five poets battling with similar poetic issues (in particular with the great challenge that consists of creating an authentic language in a society where only elites could have access to culture and education) will initiate their creative process in Quebec province in the middle of the XXth century. Despite all their efforts to move forward, Gaston Miron, Alexis Lefrançois, Claude Gauvreau, Roland Gguère and Anne Hébert will remain partially shaped by the popular culture that has raised them, giving birth to poems that are deeply influenced by their inner quest and could only arise through a deeply intimate journey, of which I will try to show the impressive range, using my knowledge of their first texts.

The trap of local optima is one of the main challenges of stochastic optimization methods from machine learning. The aim of this thesis is to develop an optimization algorithm that is inspired by users interacting with Picbreeder, which is an online service that allows users to collaboratively evolve images via an artificial evolution. The idea is that their behaviours depict creative processes. We propose a general framework on the top of a common optimization technique called inspiration-triggered search, which mimics these processes. Instead of a fixed objective function the search algorithm is free to change the objective within certain constraints. The overall optimization task is to generate complex artefacts that cannot be generated by a greedy and direct optimization approach. The proposed method is tested in the domain of images, that is to find complex and aesthetically pleasant images for humans, and compared with the direct optimization. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A presente pesquisa pretende examinar a imagem digital decorrente da aproximação das artes visuais com as tecnologias CAD/CAM e os sistemas biológicos de criação. Essa imagem de base computacional e de característica emergente encontra na fabricação digital a oportunidade de se materializar tendo em vista a compatibilidade tanto no sentido da concretização da complexidade da forma quanto da possibilidade de sua singularização seriada. Mais especificamente, pretende-se abordar como os processos e as técnicas de produção digital, ao viabilizarem a geração e materialização da imagem complexa, têm interferido no modus operandi do artista visual, ampliando as formas de operar e representar no campo das Artes ao servirem como instrumento para o desenvolvimento e a representação de novas poéticas. Por meio da referência teórica, da leitura de obras e dos trabalhos práticos experimentais, pretende-se explorar de que forma o artista se apropria dos meios de produção digitais e dos processos generativos de criação, explorando-os como uma linguagem inovadora, que por sua vez amplia e potencializa, a níveis antes insuspeitáveis, as formas de expressão e execução de sua obra. Intenta-se avaliar de que maneira o processo de caráter numérico pode interferir no processo criativo e poético do artista visual de modo a promover novas possibilidades expressivas e, dessa forma, explorar potenciais até então pouco usuais no campo das artes. A tese usa como principais fundamentações teóricas para lançar as bases para o entendimento da relação cada vez mais estreita entre arte e tecnologia as discussões de Taylor (2014), Machado (1997b), Couchot (2003), Lévy (1996), Laurentiz (1991), Moles (1990) e Plaza & Tavares (1998), que investigam a introdução do numérico no campo artístico. Já as discussões de Manovich (2010), Galanter (2010), Couchot (2010), Johnson (2001), Whitelaw (2006) e McCormack (2014) abordam teorias a respeito da complexidade da imagem e esclarecem processos e modelos de sistemas naturais passíveis de emergência. Para apresentar a tecnologia de fabricação digital e seu potencial criativo, a tese se apoia nos autores Kolarevic (2001), Mitchel & McCullough (1995), McCullough (1996), Todd & Latham (1992) e Ganis (2004). Reflexões a respeito da convergência entre os conceitos de emergência e de fabricação baseiam-se nas discussões de Labaco (2013), Whitelaw (2006; 2015) e Moura (2013). / This research aims at examining the digital image that originates from the proximity of the visual arts with CAD/CAM technologies and the biological systems of creation. Such computer-based image, that is emergent, can be materialized in the digital fabrication owing to the compatibility both in the sense of making the complexity of the form concrete and of enabling its serial singling. More specifically, we intend to approach how the digital manufacturing processes and techniques have interfered with the visual artist´s modus operandi as they enable the generation and the materialization of the complex image, thus enlarging the ways to operate and represent in the arts field because they work as instruments to develop and represent new poetics. By means of theoretical reference, work reading and experimental practical works, we intend to explore how the artist takes over the means of digital production and the generative processes of creating and he/she explores them as an innovative language, which, in turn, amplifies and potentiates the forms of expression and accomplishment of his/her work to levels unimaginable before. We intend to evaluate how the numerical character process can interfere with the visual artist´s creative and poetic process to promote new expressive possibilities, thus exploring the potential which has been unusual in the arts field so far. The main theoretical support to launch the bases to understand the ever closer relation of art to technology was derived from the discussions by Taylor (2014), Machado (1997b), Couchot (2003), Lévy (1996), Laurentiz (1991), Moles (1990) and Plaza & Tavares (1998). Those researchers investigate the introduction of the numerical in the artistic field. The discussions by Manovich (2010), Galanter (2010), Couchot (2010), Johnson (2001), Whitelaw (2006) and McCormack (2014) bring information of theories related to the complexity of the image, since in those discussions the processes and models of natural systems that are liable to emergence are elucidated. To present the digital manufacturing technology and its creative potential, the theoretical support was derived from Kolarevic (2001), Mitchel & McCullough (1995), McCullough (1996), Todd & Latham (1992) and Ganis (2004). The concepts about the convergence of the concepts of emergence and manufacturing reflect the discussions by Labaco (2013), Whitelaw (2006; 2015) and Moura (2013).

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo refletir sobre a Poética e sobre a Técnica que envolvem a Cerâmica como meio de expressão. Tal reflexão foi feita por meio da análise de depoimentos de sete artistas, bem como da observação das singularidades de seus trabalhos em cerâmica. Entre os critérios para seleção dos artistas estão o reconhecimento no meio artístico e a ousadia ao transcenderem os limites técnicos conhecidos. / This research aims to reflect about the Poetics and the Technical which involve Ceramics as a means of expression. This reflection was made by analyzing seven artists\' testimonies as well as the observation of singularities of their ceramic works. Among the criteria for the artists selection is their recognition in the artistic world and the daring to transcend the known technical limits