Orientador: João Eduardo Guarnetti dos Santos / Banca: Marcos Roberto Bormio / Banca: Gastão Moraes da Silveira / Resumo: Este trabalho foi desenvolvido nas dependências das Fazendas Lageado e Edgárdia, pertencentes à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP de Botucatu-SP, no município de Pratânia e no distrito de Vitoriana, município de Botucatu-SP, com o objetivo de avaliar 2 técnicas de obtenção do teor de água no solo. A primeira delas é conhecida como moderação de nêutrons, que consiste na emissão de nêutrons rápidos e contagem de nêutrons moderados retornados após colisão, com moléculas de hidrogênio encontradas no solo. A partir da contagem obtida, estabeleceu-se uma correlação entre essa contagem e o teor de água no solo obtido pelo método gravimétrico, tomado como padrão. Outra técnica é a do TDR (Time Domain Reflectometry) ou Reflectometria no Domínio de Tempo, onde se determina a constante dielétrica relativa do solo e, por correlação, obtém-se o teor de água correspondente. Esta técnica foi desenvolvida de 2 maneiras: na primeira, manteve-se a calibração geral conhecida como Equação de Topp, que consiste numa Equação polinomial cúbica, obtida de forma empírica. E, na segunda, desenvolveu-se uma calibração específica para cada solo analisado. Foram avaliados 7 tipos de solos às profundidades de 15 e 30cm respectivamente com 3 variações de textura: arenosa, média e argilosa. Também, determinou-se variáveis físicas, como densidade de partículas e análises químicas, dando ênfase no teor de matéria orgânica. O trabalho de campo consistiu no levantamento de dados (contagens) com a sonda de nêutrons "in situ" e na obtenção de amostras de solo, nas respectivas profundidades, para análise em laboratório pelas técnicas TDR e gravimétrica. Como referencial ou padrão, utilizou-se o método direto ou gravimétrico para a determinação do teor de água no solo...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This work was developed at Fazenda Lageado and Edgárdia areas, belonging to the Agronomics Science School - UNESP Botucatu-SP, in Pratânia borough and in Vitoriana district, both in the Botucatu borough. The main objective was to study and evaluate two techniques to obtain the water content in the soil. The first technique evaluated is known as neutron moderation which consists in the emission of fast neutrons and in the counting of moderate neutrons which came back after a collision with hydrogen molecules found in the soil. From the coint obtained, it was settled the correlation between the count and the water content value in the soil, obtained througth the gravimetric method. Another technique is the TDR (Time Domain Reflectometry). In this, it can be determined the apparent relative constant dielectric in the soil and by the correlation, to reach the correspondent value of water content. This technique was developed in two ways: in the first one, it was kept the general calibration known as Topp's equation which consists in a cubic polynomial equation obtained in an empiric form. The second one, it was developed a specific calibration to each kind of soil analysed. It was evaluated seven kinds of soils to the depths of 15cm and 30cm, respectively. As an initial criterion to the choice of soils, we tried to obtain three texture variations: gritty sandy, mean and mudoy. It was also observed the physical variables such as: particles density and chemical analyses, giving a special emphasis on the drift of organic matter. Basically, the fieldwork consited in data surveys (count) with the neutron probe "in situ" and in the...(Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka (a) sambanden mellan perfektionism, motivationsklimat och prestationsångest, samt (b) hur motivationsklimatet modererar styrkan i relationen mellan perfektionism och prestationsångest. Studien var en kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie där datainsamlingen genomförts via ett bekvämlighetsurval. Totalt deltog 92 damfotbollsspelare som var aktiva i division 1, åldern på  deltagarna var mellan 15–30 (M = 20.84, SD = 3.64). Fem hypoteser skapades utifrån studiens två syften och har testats genom en korrelationsanalys och två modereringsanalyser, vidare har det fastställts att resultatet delvis stämmer överens med hypoteserna. Resultatet av korrelationsanalysen rapporterade ett positivt signifikant samband mellan perfektionistiska strävanden och prestationsångest. Vidare rapporterar resultatet ett positivt signifikant samband mellan perfektionistiska bekymmer och prestationsångest. Ytterligare visade resultatet en positiv korrelation mellan resultatorienterat motivationsklimat och prestationsångest, medan uppgiftsorienterat motivationsklimat visade ett icke signifikant samband med prestationsångest. Den första modereringsanalysen rapporterade att uppgiftsorienterat motivationsklimat modererar styrkan i relationen mellan perfektionistiska bekymmer och prestationsångest, däremot rapporterades ingen modererande effekt gällande att resultatorienterat motivationsklimat påverkar styrkan i relationen mellan perfektionistiska bekymmer och prestationsångest. Den andra modereringsanalysen rapporterade att varken uppgift- eller resultatorienterat motivationsklimat modererar relationen mellan perfektionistiska strävanden och prestationsångest. Resultatet belyser vikten av att ta hänsyn till psykosociala aspekter i damfotboll för att atleten ska löpa mindre risk att uppleva prestationsångest. / The purpose of the present study was to investigate (a) the relationships between perfectionism, motivational climate and performance anxiety, and (b) how the motivational climate moderates the relationship between perfectionism and performance anxiety. The study were a quantitative cross-sectional study where the data collection was carried out by an availability sample. A total of 92 woman’s soccer players who were active in division 1participated in the study and the age of the participants was between 15-30 (M = 20.84, SD =3.64). Five hypotheses were created based on the purpose of the study and tested through a correlation analysis and two moderation analyses; it has also been established that the results are partly consistent with the hypotheses. The result of the correlation analysis reports a positive significant relationship between perfectionistic strivings and performance anxiety. Furthermore, the correlation analysis shows a positive significant relationship between perfectionistic concerns and performance anxiety. The correlation analysis also shows a positive correlation between result-oriented motivational climate and performance anxiety, while there where a non-significant relationship between task-oriented motivational climate and performance anxiety. The first moderation analysis reported that task-oriented motivational climate moderates the relationship between perfectionist concerns and performance anxiety, but no moderating effect has been shown regarding that result-oriented motivational climate affects the relationship between perfectionistic concerns and performance anxiety. The second moderation analysis reported that neither task or resultoriented motivational climate moderates the relationship between perfectionistic strivings and performance anxiety. The results highlight the importance of taking psychosocial aspects into account within women´s soccer so that the athlete is in less risk of experiencing performance anxiety.

Hispanic students residing in the United States have historically been the lowest-achieving ethnic group in public schools and have a high dropout rate. A stark comparison to those statistics can be found within the Knowledge is Power Program (KIPP) charter schools in San Antonio, Texas, which have a majority Hispanic student population that is thriving academically and advancing to college. Using the Search Institute's positive youth development theory, the purpose of this study was to (a) quantitatively explore how school climate moderates the relationship between Hispanic student acquisition of developmental assets and academic success at KIPP charter schools from the perspective of both students and staff members and (b) identify the catalysts for growth and academic success. The Search Institute surveys, Creating a Great Place to Learn and the Developmental Assets Profile, were used to collect data from 78 students (Grades 6-8) and 45 staff members at KIPP Aspire and Camino. A series of multiple regression analyses were conducted using Andrew F. Hayes's PROCESS, a tool within SPSS, to explore moderation effects. School climate's organizational attributes dimension had a significant moderation interaction between developmental assets (empowerment, boundaries and expectations, constructive use of time, positive values, and social competencies) and academic success (GPA). School climate's relationships dimension significantly moderated (a) academic success and (b) social competencies, a developmental asset. Implications for positive social change include shaping future intervention programs and school initiatives to build positive school climates, increase academic and social well-being, and help Hispanic students achieve success in school.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship betweensocial anxiety disorder and problematic internet use. Individuals withsocial anxiety disorder might prefer online interaction compared toface-to-face interaction. This could develop into problematic internetuse (PIU). PIU is when an individual uses the internet to the degreethat it negatively affects the individual’s life, based on Davis’ (2001)model of problematic internet use. The data was collected using anonline survey. There was a total of 484 participants in the finalanalyses, with 26.1% males, 71.5% females (Mage=27.99, SD= 10.1).First, a correlation analysis was done between social anxiety and PIU.The results showed that there was a positive correlation between socialanxiety and problematic internet use (r=.53). We then used age as amoderator to investigate if age had a moderating effect on socialanxiety and problematic internet use, using a moderation analysis. Theanalysis revealed a significant moderation effect of age, but a low leveloverall of PIU in the sample. This meant that even at high levels ofsocial anxiety, the sample did not display PIU-behaviors. Furtherresearch is needed to investigate the relationship between socialanxiety, PIU and what it looks like for different age groups. / Syftet med studien var att undersöka förhållandet mellan social fobioch problematisk internetanvändning och hur detta modererar medålder. Individer med social fobi kan uppleva det mer bekvämt attinteragera genom internet i jämförelse med i verkligheten. Detta kanleda till att individen utvecklar problematiskt internetanvändande(PIU). PIU innebär att en individ använder internet på ett sätt somnegativt påverkar individens liv, utifrån Davis (2001) modell förproblematiskt internetanvändande. Datainsamlingen skedde genom enwebbenkät. Totalt var det 484 deltagare i studien (Målder=27.99,SD=10.1), med 26.1% män och 71.5% kvinnor. Först genomfördes enkorrelationsanalys mellan social fobi och PIU. Resultaten visar att detfinns en positiv korrelation mellan social fobi och problematisktinternetanvändande (r=.53). Vi använde ålder som en variabel i vårforskning för att undersöka om ålder har en moderationseffekt påsocial fobi och problematiskt internetanvändande. För att undersökadetta genomförde vi en moderationsanalys. Resultaten visade att ålderhar en signifikant effekt på social fobi och PIU, men att det inte fannsen särskilt hög nivå av PIU hos deltagarna. Detta innebar att även vidhöga nivåer av social fobi uppvisade inte deltagarna PIU-beteenden.Framtida forskning är nödvändigt för att etablera hur förhållandetmellan social fobi och problematiskt internetanvändande ser ut mellanolika åldrar.

At the crossroads of law, conspiracy theory research and philosophy, this thesis investigates the permanent ban of QAnon from Facebook and Twitter, determining whether their deplatforming constitutes a violation of free speech. By first conducting a content analysis of free speech legislation in Germany and the US, it becomes evident that the matter needs to be approached from an ethical perspective rather than a legal one. To this end, I am testing an ethical framework suggested by Cíbik and Hardoš (2020). Based on the concept of ethical unreasonableness, the framework will be used to determine whether QAnon is harmful and its ban was justified. The case study consists of an in-depth analysis of QAnon’s evolution, distribution and core narratives in Germany and the US, followed by an examination of Facebook and Twitter’s justifications for deplatforming all QAnon assets. The ethical framework will then be applied to selected QAnon narratives based on their prevalence in the time from February 2020 to February 2021. It becomes clear that the ethical framework at hand needs to be adjusted and is unsuitable for everyday content moderation but should still be used by the social media companies for training purposes to improve decision making. The question of whether deplatforming QAnon was a violation of free speech is not easily answered as depending on the point of view it is or is not a violation of freedom of speech. Ultimately, big social media companies need to be redefined as to their role and responsibilities in today’s societies before any content moderation measures can be adequately examined.

Despite the increasing numbers of criminalized women in Canada, the use of the Institutional Mother-Child Program (MCP) remains low (Brennan, 2014). It is well known in fields of Criminology, Criminal Justice, and Indigenous Studies, that Indigenous Peoples are overrepresented in Canadian prisons; they represent about five percent of the overall Canadian population, however Indigenous women make up forty percent of all incarcerated women (Miller, 2017). Incarcerated Indigenous women are often mothers of young children, come from poor backgrounds, have little education, and suffered abuse at some point during their lives (Monchalin, 2016). In this thesis, using Indigenous Feminisms (IF) (Suzack, 2010, 2015) and Penal Moderation (Loader, 2010; Snacken, 2015), I address the following research questions: How has the MCP policy evolved over time? How have the policy changes represented a (de)colonial approach to criminal justice policy? To answer these questions, I conducted a feminist critical discourse analysis (FCDA) of all the final versions of the Correctional Service of Canada’s MCP policy (CD 768).

Self-regulation in the context of a relationship, described as relationship "work," is a powerful predictor of relationship satisfaction. Identifying individual characteristics that predict the practice of relationship self-regulation (RSR) can inform clinical and couple relationship education interventions. Anxious and avoidant attachment have been linked to shortcomings in self-regulation in various contexts, and were hypothesized to be negatively associated to individual practice of RSR; neuroticism, a personality trait characterized by negative emotionality, was also hypothesized to be negatively related to RSR. Neuroticism was also tested as a moderator of the relationship between attachment and RSR. Data from first-married men (589) and women (912) taking the RELATE online questionnaire was used in correlational and OLS multiple regression analyses to test hypotheses and a research question. Bi-variate correlations for all predictor variables and RSR were negative and statistically significant for women and men. Regression analyses echoed those associations. Moderated multiple regression analyses testing a moderator effect of neuroticism were significant for anxious attachment and RSR, but not for avoidant attachment. Results are interpreted as support for the theoretical model tested.

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Managing digital conversations: Municipal moderation on social platforms The aim of this study is to examine how Swedish municipalities relate to moderation practices on social media. The study is based on qualitative interviews with ten communicators within nine Swedish municipalities, which varied in size and in geographical location. The empiricism has then been coded, themed and analyzed through a thematic analysis. The analysis is supported by a theoretical framework that consists of theories relating to the municipal sector, the communicative conditions of the municipality and the municipality on social media.  The result shows that all municipalities use manual moderation, and in two cases a technical moderation tool has also been implemented. The moderation practices are affected by resources and by how the social media work is prioritized compared to other work tasks. The study also shows that the municipalities rely on similar guidelines in their moderation work, where comments that violate these guidelines can be deleted or hidden. However, in some cases the moderation is based on former experiences and “gut feeling” in what should be moderated. It also became clear that the municipalities mostly focuses on answering questions and reminding the commenters of keeping a good tone before applying strategies such as deleting or hiding comments. They emphasize the importance of not censoring criticism directed towards the municipality. Regarding the external and internal communication about the moderation practices, it is expressed how the internal communication consists of coordination between the communicators and other departments. This was shown in the bigger municipalities, where the responsibility for the moderation is divided. The external communication varies, in some cases the guidelines and the fact that the comment section has been moderated is communicated towards the citizens. However, in some cases it is not communicated. Further it also became clear that there are tensions between encouraging a dialogue with citizens and at the same time having control over it. In order to keep the control, the municipalities in the majority of cases adjust their social media content to precede eventual moderation. The adjustments are made according to time of publishing, tonality, place and the content in posts.

There is a void that exists within the discretionary behavior literature as it pertains to the counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) relationship, respectively. The present study examined the moderating effects of moral identity on the relationship between CWB and OCB. In addition, exploratory analyses using moral identity sub-dimensions, organizational fairness, and job satisfaction were conducted. The study recruited 254 participants using MTurk. Using moderated multiple regression, a moderating effect for internalization (a moral identity sub-dimension) was revealed for the relationship between the organizational sub-dimensions of CWB and OCB. Other moderation analyses proved to be non-significant. Theoretical and practical implications of results are discussed. Future research should implement a longitudinal design to help determine causality for the moderation finding, as the current study used cross-sectional data. Findings from this study could be used to help fill the CWB to OCB literature void previously mentioned.