Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1983.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Bowling Green State University, 2006. / Document formatted into pages; contains x, 210 p. : ill. (some col.) Includes bibliographical references.

Name: Efficiency of training time in soccer players in category U11 Objective: The aim of the thesis is to find and evaluate the time utilization of football players in the U11 category in the training unit (active vs loss time). Second goal is to compare the values of active and loss time in the training unit in terms of the performance level of the watched clubs (professional vs. amateur club). Methods: Training units were filmed on our own camera. Then the filmed material was analyzed and evaluated. Results: We found no significant differences in efficiency of a training time during training sessions between teams from a professional and amateur clubs in category U11 (40% vs. 42%). No significant difference was also found in efficiency of the training time between two teams from professional clubs (46% vs. 37%). Finally, we did not reveal any significant differences between teams from professional and amateur clubs in an inactive time during training sessions, which was expressed as differences between the time when exercise runs and break (24% vs. 29%). Keywords: Football, active time, lost time, training, under eleven

Sammanfattning    Elever med dyslexi finns i alla klassrum. Ibland har de en dyslexidiagnos så vi vet att det är just dyslexi, ibland anar lärare bara att det är så. Det är inte alltid en lätt uppgift att bemöta dessa elever och ta sig tiden för att anpassa undervisningen efter dem. Inspirationen till studien kommer från Susanna Cederquists bok Dyslexi + styrkor = sant (2015) där Cederquist beskriver att dyslektiker har ett kreativt tänkande och är innovativa. En del av den forskning som tagits fram i denna studie visar dock att det kreativa och innovativa tänkandet utvecklats först i vuxen ålder. Syftet med studien är att lyfta fram vilka styrkor och svårigheter elever med dyslexi uppvisar i klassrummet och hur vi som lärare kan hjälpa dem till en så lyckad skolgång som möjligt.   Resultatet tolkas från två teoretiska utgångspunkter, det sociokulturella perspektivet på lärande och ur ett inkluderingsperspektiv. Det sociokulturella perspektivet på lärande ska genomsyra den svenska skolan. Den talar om för oss att lärande är situerat i sociala miljöer där vi skapar erfarenheter (lärande) tillsammans med varandra. Inkluderingsperspektivet som tas fram i den här studien utgår från idén om en skola för alla. Alla elever ska ha en plats i klassrummet och undervisningen ska genomföras på ett sådant sätt att alla elever kan tillgodose sig den.   I resultatet kommer olika styrkor och svårigheter fram hos dyslektiker. Styrkor är bland annat att dyslektiker är verbala, auditiva och diskussionsbenägna. De flesta respondenter menar att dyslektiker har ett bra minne och att de är snabba på att tillgodose sig olika tekniska hjälpmedel. Svårigheterna utgörs framförallt av ett dåligt/raserat självförtroende, koncentrationssvårigheter och att de är inte så bra att fokusera. För en lyckad skolgång kommer det fram att det är viktigt att diskutera med den enskilda eleven om dennes behov och förutsättningar, alla dyslektiker har inte samma svårigheter något som många lärare tror. Det kommer också fram att respondenterna upplever att flera kollegor inte arbetar med inkludering av dyslektiker. / Abstract    In every classroom there are students with dyslexia. Sometimes it is confirmed with a diagnosis but sometimes it is only something that the teacher suspects. It is not an easy task to teach these students nor to have the time to adjust the teaching to fit them. The study is inspired by Susanna Cederquist´s book Dyslexi + styrkor = sant (2015). Cederquist describes that people with dyslexia are creative thinkers and that they are innovative. However, research shown in this paper says that this might not apply to children with dyslexia. The purpose of this study was to show which strengths and difficulties children with dyslexia display in the classroom and how to best give them a successful education.    The results are interpreted both from the sociocultural perspective and from an inclusion perspective. The Swedish school system is based on the sociocultural perspective of learning. Learning is something that is situated in a social environment where we create experiences (learning) together. The inclusion perspective is based on the idea of “en skola för alla” (a school for everyone). Every student should have a place in the classroom and the teaching is supposed to be built to fit each student.    The results show different strengths and weaknesses that teachers see in dyslexic students. Strengths include that dyslexic students are verbal, auditive and like to discuss. They have a good memory and are fast in learning how to use technical aids. Weaknesses are that they have a low/razed self-esteem, concentration difficulties and problems in keeping focus. In giving dyslexic students a successful education, the respondents says that discussions with each individual student is a must. They are all different and have different needs and difficulties, but a lot of teacher may think that dyslexic students are all the same. Several of the respondents feel that colleagues do not include these students in a way that is necessary.

Vår avsikt med detta arbete har varit att utforma ett arbetsmaterial, en Storyline som vi har kallat ”This is it”, ett komplement till de läromedel som finns i skolan idag. Storyline är en redan beprövad metod i en del skolor och ligger som underlag för detta utvecklingsarbete.För att få insikt i hur erfarna lärare i Storyline ser på detta arbetssätt har vi som vetenskaplig metod valt att genomföra en kvalitativ intervju i kombination med enkäter. Dessa har, tillsammans med teoretiska belägg mynnat ut i ”This is it”. Vi ville undersöka om Storyline som undervisningsmetod skapar förutsättningar för utveckling av ”speciella” kompetenser hos eleverna, kompetenser som vi anser innefattas av eller är en grund till utvecklingen av handlingskompetens. Förmågorna som avses är: kritisk granskning, empati, respekt, tillit, samarbetsförmåga, problemlösning och ansvarstagande. Arbetet består av två delar: den ena är resultatet från vårt empiriska material och den andra är den Storyline som utgör den färdiga produkten. / Teaching action competence through Storyline – a bridge to future science education

Syftet med den här litteraturöversikten var att genom tidigare forskning undersöka frågor som berör kooperativt lärande inom läs- och skrivinlärning. Den centrala problemformuleringen för litteraturöversikten var hur det kooperativa lärandet påverkar elevers läs- och skrivinlärning. Problemformuleringen mynnade sedan ut i frågeställningarna om hur kooperativt lärande kan förbättra elevers tidiga läs- och skrivinlärning? Hur presenterar tidigare forskning lärares möjligheter och utmaningar med kooperativt lärande? Vilka möjligheter och utmaningar lyfter tidigare forskning som elever eventuellt möter när de deltar i kooperativt lärande? Omfattande sökningar gjordes för att finna relevant forskning inom området. I det analysarbete som gjorts har tematisk analys använts för att strukturera materialet. Resultatet visar att olika metoder inom kooperativt lärande kan bidra till att förbättra elevers läs- och skrivutveckling. Resultaten visar även på flera gynnsamma effekter hos elever vid användningen av kooperativa arbetsmetoder. Tidigare forskning lyfter även de möjligheter och utmaningar som läraren möter i arbetet med kooperativt lärande.

TITLE: Use of Fables in the 5th Grade of Elementary School AUTHOR: Kateřina Týblová DEPARTMENT: Department of Czech Literature SUPERVISOR: doc. PhDr. Ondřej Hník, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: In her diploma thesis Use of Fables in the 5th Grade of Elementary School the author discusses teaching fables in Literary Education lessons during the last year of Elementary School. In the theoretical part, she briefly describes the features and history of fable and specifies the target age group. The main part of the thesis is the practical part. In the practical part, the author presents her suggestions for fable teaching activities as well as three ninety minute lesson plans. Finally, the author reflects on the realization of the lessons. KEYWORDS: Literary Education, children's literature, eleven year olds, creative writing, fables, allegory

<p>“ if you only read the book … you get the knowledge into your head once. If you talk about it, you get a more distinct memory of it, I think” (Emma, 11)</p><p>This thesis shows how a novel by Maj Bylock, Drakskeppet, was used in education within thematic work, the Viking Age, among ten-year-olds and eleven-year-olds for five weeks. The aim of the project was to investigate if and how pupils create or develop an historical consciousness when they had written and talked about the text in a novel. The study examines and analyses how three pupils in particular look upon history and ‘time’ in this process and if identification with characters in the novel takes place.</p><p>In the theoretical framework, which focuses on Judith Langer and her theories on ‘envisionment building’, that is on how children create text worlds , a general survey presents research findings about how children (10-12 years) interpret fiction. Furthermore the very complex construct of ‘historical consciousness’ is discussed.</p><p>In the second part, the study is described and its results are discussed: When these children form their personal historical consciousness their focus on the past and the present is apparent, while they have few links to the future. From the way characters’ lives are presented in Drakskeppet these young readers notice social differences in this fictional society of the past. Even though they also see parallels with the time they live in, they often conclude that ”things were worse” in the past. Another result is that an historical consciousness is generally developed when children can emotionally connect to their own lives.</p><p>A second conclusion drawn in the analysis of this project is that children should read fiction to learn about and understand History. In thematic work of this kind, pupils are offered opportunities to develop their reading and interpreting capacities even though the purpose of the work is the emergence of the pupils’ historical consciousness. It should be understood from this investigation, though, that reading without talking about the texts seems to have very little effect on how children develop their understanding of texts or an historical consciousness.</p>

“ if you only read the book … you get the knowledge into your head once. If you talk about it, you get a more distinct memory of it, I think” (Emma, 11) This thesis shows how a novel by Maj Bylock, Drakskeppet, was used in education within thematic work, the Viking Age, among ten-year-olds and eleven-year-olds for five weeks. The aim of the project was to investigate if and how pupils create or develop an historical consciousness when they had written and talked about the text in a novel. The study examines and analyses how three pupils in particular look upon history and ‘time’ in this process and if identification with characters in the novel takes place. In the theoretical framework, which focuses on Judith Langer and her theories on ‘envisionment building’, that is on how children create text worlds , a general survey presents research findings about how children (10-12 years) interpret fiction. Furthermore the very complex construct of ‘historical consciousness’ is discussed. In the second part, the study is described and its results are discussed: When these children form their personal historical consciousness their focus on the past and the present is apparent, while they have few links to the future. From the way characters’ lives are presented in Drakskeppet these young readers notice social differences in this fictional society of the past. Even though they also see parallels with the time they live in, they often conclude that ”things were worse” in the past. Another result is that an historical consciousness is generally developed when children can emotionally connect to their own lives. A second conclusion drawn in the analysis of this project is that children should read fiction to learn about and understand History. In thematic work of this kind, pupils are offered opportunities to develop their reading and interpreting capacities even though the purpose of the work is the emergence of the pupils’ historical consciousness. It should be understood from this investigation, though, that reading without talking about the texts seems to have very little effect on how children develop their understanding of texts or an historical consciousness.

<p>“ if you only read the book … you get the knowledge into your head once. If you talk about it, you get a more distinct memory of it, I think” (Emma, 11)</p><p>This thesis shows how a novel by Maj Bylock, Drakskeppet, was used in education within thematic work, the Viking Age, among ten-year-olds and eleven-year-olds for five weeks. The aim of the project was to investigate if and how pupils create or develop an historical consciousness when they had written and talked about the text in a novel. The study examines and analyses how three pupils in particular look upon history and ‘time’ in this process and if identification with characters in the novel takes place.</p><p>In the theoretical framework, which focuses on Judith Langer and her theories on ‘envisionment building’, that is on how children create text worlds , a general survey presents research findings about how children (10-12 years) interpret fiction. Furthermore the very complex construct of ‘historical consciousness’ is discussed.</p><p>In the second part, the study is described and its results are discussed: When these children form their personal historical consciousness their focus on the past and the present is apparent, while they have few links to the future. From the way characters’ lives are presented in Drakskeppet these young readers notice social differences in this fictional society of the past. Even though they also see parallels with the time they live in, they often conclude that ”things were worse” in the past. Another result is that an historical consciousness is generally developed when children can emotionally connect to their own lives.</p><p>A second conclusion drawn in the analysis of this project is that children should read fiction to learn about and understand History. In thematic work of this kind, pupils are offered opportunities to develop their reading and interpreting capacities even though the purpose of the work is the emergence of the pupils’ historical consciousness. It should be understood from this investigation, though, that reading without talking about the texts seems to have very little effect on how children develop their understanding of texts or an historical consciousness.</p>