Global ETD Search

21	Metodik för detektering av vägåtgärder via tillståndsdata / Methodology for detection of road treatments Andersson, Niklas, Hansson, Josef January 2010 (has links) The Swedish Transport Administration has, and manages, a database containing information of the status of road condition on all paved and governmental operated Swedish roads. The purpose of the database is to support the Pavement Management System (PMS). The PMS is used to identify sections of roads where there is a need for treatment, how to allocate resources and to get a general picture of the state of the road network condition. All major treatments should be reported which has not always been done. The road condition is measured using a number of indicators on e.g. the roads unevenness. Rut depth is an indicator of the roads transverse unevenness. When a treatment has been done the condition drastically changes, which is also reflected by these indicators. The purpose of this master thesis is to; by using existing indicators make predictions to find points in time when a road has been treated. We have created a SAS-program based on simple linear regression to analyze rut depth changes over time. The function of the program is to find levels changes in the rut depth trend. A drastic negative change means that a treatment has been made. The proportion of roads with an alleged date for the latest treatment earlier than the programs latest detected date was 37 percent. It turned out that there are differences in the proportions of possible treatments found by the software and actually reported roads between different regions. The regions North and Central have the highest proportion of differences. There are also differences between the road groups with various amount of traffic. The differences between the regions do not depend entirely on the fact that the proportion of heavily trafficked roads is greater for some regions. simple linear regression reporting of road actions misreporting change point road measurements enkel linjär regression rapportering av åtgärder felrapportering förändringspunkt vägmätningar Statistics Statistik
22	Multipla loggar för ökad programförståelse : Hur multipla loggar kan bidra till programutveckling och programförståelse / Multiple traces for increased program comprehension : How multiple traces can contribute to software development and program comprehension Hejderup, Jacob January 2018 (has links) För att utveckla eller underhålla mjukvara krävs en viss nivå av programförståelse. För att underlätta denna förståelse används olika typer av verktyg. Denna studie fokuserar på två olika verktyg som använder sig av dynamisk analys: enkla och multipla loggar. Studiens syfte är att undersöka om multipla loggar kan bidra till en ökad programförståelse vid programutveckling. Eclipse är en utvecklingsmiljö som används för att visa programmets källkod. Trace Compass är ett verktyg som används för att inspektera loggar. Denna studie utfördes i två moment: experiment och intervjuer. Experimentet bestod av 10 typiska förståelseuppgifter i ett program-utvecklingssammanhang. Efter experimentet utfördes en intervju med samtliga deltagare. Resultatet av undersökningen blev att multipla loggar skulle kunna vara lämpligare att använda vid problem som var relaterade till två eller fler komponenter i ett system. En av begränsningarna i denna studie var att studien hade för få deltagare för ett generellt ställningstagande. / To develop or maintain a piece of code requires a certain level of comprehension of the developed or maintained software itself. To achieve this goal the developer uses a set of different tools. This report will focus on two types of debug tools: single trace and multiple traces. The purpose of the study is to examine how multiple traces can contribute to an improved program comprehension. The study was carried out through experiments and interviews. The experiment consisted of 10 typical comprehension tasks in a development context. Eclipse and Trace Compass were used to display the logs. Eclipse is a development environment that shows the source code. Trace Compass is a tool for inspecting traces. After the experiment, an interview was carried out with the subjects of the experiment. The results of this study indicated that multiple traces could have an advantage over a single trace when the task is to understand the interactions between code components in a software system. One of the limitations of the study was due to the limited number of subjects taken part in the study and cannot be used to draw a more general conclusion. program comprehension single log multiple log Trace Compass Eclipse Programförståelse enkel logg multipla loggar Trace Compass Eclipse Embedded Systems Inbäddad systemteknik Computer Systems Datorsystem
23	An armored truck cab design : Case study: investigation of selected steel grades Pellegrini, Filippo January 2020 (has links) This study aimed at defining useful guidelines for the design of an armored truck cab. Particularly, the quality and performance of ballistic steel were defined, considering not too high demanding requirements. Two steel grades, corresponding to hardness of 500 HB and 600 HB, and three different suppliers were selected. After dividing the truck cab into main areas, a FEM simulation was performed. The investigated model considered a specific standardized threat to impact against a double layer steel protection. Due to the high strain rates involved, the formation of adiabatic shear bands has been observed. However, the main purpose of the model was to find an ultimate thickness protection layout of armored steel plates. Thereby, the thicknesses to be attributed to the various components of the main areas could be estimated. Two alternatives were therefore hypothesized: the first considering the critical thickness case of penetration, and the second, an oversized version, supposed to be more resistant to penetration. It was thus possible to estimate the weight of the truck cab for the two above mentioned alternatives, and verify such hypothesized weight complied with the assigned requirement. A possible cutting operation was then considered in order to optimize the use of the steel plates. An estimation of the pre-series production costs of was finally derived. / Denna studie gjorde det möjligt att definiera användbara indikatorer och följa en möjlig multitasking-strategi för utformningen av en bepansrad lastbilshytt. Fallstudien syftade till att definiera kvalitet och prestanda av stål, vilket är ett av de vanligaste materialen för skydd, främst i de fall där kraven inte är så stora. Två stålkvaliteter motsvarande hårdhetsvärdena 500 HB och 600 HB valdes från var och en av tre materialleverantörer. Efter att ha delat upp truckhytten i några huvudområden startades en FEM-simulering med programvara från Impetus Afea. Modellen behandlade ett specifikt hot som var större än det önskade kravet på ett dubbelskiktsskydd. På grund av de inblandade höga deformationshastigheterna har bildningen av adiabatiska skjuvband observerats. Huvudsyftet med modellen var emellertid att hitta en ultimat skyddslayout för tjockleken, så att de tjocklekar som skulle tillskrivas de olika komponenterna i huvudområdena kunde härledas. Två alternativ antogs därför, det ena med tanke på den ultimata tjockleken och den andra med tanke på en skyddslayout som antas vara mer motståndskraftig mot penetrering. Det var således möjligt att uppskatta hyttens vikt för de två alternativen och kontrollera att den uppfyllde de fastställda kraven. Därefter övervägdes en möjlig skäroperation för att optimera användandet av de tillgängliga stålplattorna. Ballistic steel single and double layer protection truck cab dynamic softening Ballistiskt stål enkel- och dubbelskiktsskydd konstruktion av lastbilshytt dynamisk mjukning Metallurgy and Metallic Materials Metallurgi och metalliska material
24	Soliditetens betydelse för goodwillnedskrivning under ekonomiskt ansträngda perioder : En studie av den svenska finans- och industrisektorn 2008 Mårtensson, Sofia, Sjöström-Löf, Liv January 2010 (has links) <p><em>Background:</em> The international accounting standard regarding goodwill gives opportunities to several accounting procedure choices, as goodwill is a complex, intangible asset. The valuation of goodwill affects equity/asset ratio and income statement, which gives that the stakeholders’ impression of the group’s financial statement is affected by the valuation of this asset. It has been pointed out that difficult economic times bring impairment loss to the fore. During financial crisis, equity/asset ratio may be significant as the economy of the groups is expected to be strained.</p><p><em>Purpose:</em> The purpose of this essay is to explain the appearance of the possible relationship between a group’s impairment loss for goodwill and their equity/asset ratio, during financial straits. Watts and Zimmerman’s debt/equity hypothesis serve as the starting point for our study. This hypothesis expresses, ceteris paribus, that the larger debt/equity ratio, the more likely it is to select accounting procedures that shift reported earnings from future periods to the current period. According to the hypothesis there should be a positive relationship between a group’s equity/asset ratio and their percentage share of goodwill impairment loss. A high equity/asset ratio would motivate a higher impairment loss for goodwill, as a lower equity/asset ratio would induce a lower impairment loss.</p><p><em>Method:</em> We decided to investigate all groups with the parent company listed on Nasdaq OMX Stockholm within the sectors financials and industrials. In financials, banks were excluded. The data was collected from annual reports of 2008 and was analyzed with the statistical analyzing methods correlation and regression.</p><p><em>Result/conclusion:</em> For those industrial groups which have had impairment loss for goodwill, the result is in accordance with Watts and Zimmerman’s hypothesis. A strong positive linear relationship could be found for those groups, but not for the sector as a whole. The equity/asset ratio therefore seems to not affect the decision of whether to lose impairment or not, but when the decision is made, the ratio of equity/asset seems to affect the size of the impairment loss. Within the financial sector, no relationship could be found – neither for the groups which have had impairment loss nor the sector as a whole.</p> Kapitalstruktur soliditet skuldsättningsgrad goodwill nedskrivning av goodwill goodwillnedskrivning finansiell kris finanskris positiv redovisningsteori redovisningsprinciper hypotesen om skuldsättningsgrad statistisk sambandsanalys korrelation enkel regression finanssektorn finansbranschen industrisektorn industribranschen Business studies Företagsekonomi
25	Soliditetens betydelse för goodwillnedskrivning under ekonomiskt ansträngda perioder : En studie av den svenska finans- och industrisektorn 2008 Mårtensson, Sofia, Sjöström-Löf, Liv January 2010 (has links) Background: The international accounting standard regarding goodwill gives opportunities to several accounting procedure choices, as goodwill is a complex, intangible asset. The valuation of goodwill affects equity/asset ratio and income statement, which gives that the stakeholders’ impression of the group’s financial statement is affected by the valuation of this asset. It has been pointed out that difficult economic times bring impairment loss to the fore. During financial crisis, equity/asset ratio may be significant as the economy of the groups is expected to be strained. Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to explain the appearance of the possible relationship between a group’s impairment loss for goodwill and their equity/asset ratio, during financial straits. Watts and Zimmerman’s debt/equity hypothesis serve as the starting point for our study. This hypothesis expresses, ceteris paribus, that the larger debt/equity ratio, the more likely it is to select accounting procedures that shift reported earnings from future periods to the current period. According to the hypothesis there should be a positive relationship between a group’s equity/asset ratio and their percentage share of goodwill impairment loss. A high equity/asset ratio would motivate a higher impairment loss for goodwill, as a lower equity/asset ratio would induce a lower impairment loss. Method: We decided to investigate all groups with the parent company listed on Nasdaq OMX Stockholm within the sectors financials and industrials. In financials, banks were excluded. The data was collected from annual reports of 2008 and was analyzed with the statistical analyzing methods correlation and regression. Result/conclusion: For those industrial groups which have had impairment loss for goodwill, the result is in accordance with Watts and Zimmerman’s hypothesis. A strong positive linear relationship could be found for those groups, but not for the sector as a whole. The equity/asset ratio therefore seems to not affect the decision of whether to lose impairment or not, but when the decision is made, the ratio of equity/asset seems to affect the size of the impairment loss. Within the financial sector, no relationship could be found – neither for the groups which have had impairment loss nor the sector as a whole. Kapitalstruktur soliditet skuldsättningsgrad goodwill nedskrivning av goodwill goodwillnedskrivning finansiell kris finanskris positiv redovisningsteori redovisningsprinciper hypotesen om skuldsättningsgrad statistisk sambandsanalys korrelation enkel regression finanssektorn finansbranschen industrisektorn industribranschen Business studies Företagsekonomi
26	Kan man lita på en elektronisk underskrift? : En studie av tillförlitligheten hos de olika kategorierna av elektroniska underskrifter / Can you trust an electronic signature? Alhanko, Gustaf January 2022 (has links) Everything regarding signatures, both physical and electronic, is based upon trust between the contracting parties. A signature must therefore be both reliable and secure to be used by the parties. In the recent years the use of electronic signatures has increased, and a legal framework has been established by the European union (EU) with the EU-regulation on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market (eIDAS). In the regulation three different categories of electronic signatures occur: the (simple) electronic signature, the advanced electronic signature and the qualified electronic signature. What mainly distinguishes the categories are the level of safety devices connected to the signature. The qualified electronic signature has the highest level of safety devices, followed by the advanced electronic signature, which is followed by the simple electronic signature that has either few or no safety devices. Swedish law differs from the eIDAS since there is no division into different categories. In this essay I examine and evaluate the safety, and thus the reliability of, the different categories of electronic signatures are. This is done through methods established in precedents from Swedish Courts. The conclusion of the essay is that the reliability and safety of the electronic signature correlates with the level of safety devices connected to the signature. If an electronic signature has a higher level of safety devices, it should be regarded as more reliable and secure. I therefore advice contracting parties to use the simple electronic signatures with caution, especially if the contract is of high value, and instead use an electronic signature with more robust safety devices. Electronic signatures Signatures eIDAS Advanced electronic signatures Qualified electronic signatures Elektroniska underskrifter Elektroniska signaturer underskrifter signaturer eIDAS enkel elektronisk underskrift avancerad elektronisk underskrift kvalificerad elektronisk underskrift Law (excluding Law and Society)
27	Verhalende weergawe van volwasse enkel-tweelinge na die verlies van hul mede-tweeling / A narrative account of adult twinless twins following the loss of their twin Botes, Anna Elizabeth 02 1900 (has links) Text in Afrikaans / Die doel van hierdie studie was om te bepaal hoe volwasse enkel-tweelinge hul lewens ervaar na die verlies van hul mede-tweeling. ‘n Kwalitatiewe empiriese ondersoek is gedoen met die doel om die behoeftes van enkel- tweelinge tydens die hantering van tweelingverlies en die rouproses te bepaal. Literatuur toon aan dat die oneffektiewe hanteringsvaardighede wat gebruik word tydens tweelingverlies kan lei tot emosionele, kognitiewe, identiteits-, verhoudings- en gedragskwessies. Die literatuur dui verder aan dat daar agt temas is wat bepaal of hierdie kwessies tydens die lewe van die enkel-tweeling gaan voorkom. Die agt temas is naamlik die effek van ouerlike gesindheid, negatiewe aspekte om ‘n tweeling te wees, skuldgevoelens, polarisasie, die tweelingband, versagtende omstandighede en die effek van die verlies op die verhouding met ander. ‘n Meervoudige gevallestudie met ‘n narratiewe analitiese proses is in die studie gevolg. Agt deelnemers het ‘n self-opgestelde vraelys voltooi. Daarna is semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude gevoer om die temas wat verband hou met die vraelys verder te ondersoek. ‘n Opvolg in-diepte onderhoud is ‘n maand later met elke deelnemer gevoer waartydens hulle hul ervaring as enkel-tweeling bespreek het. Die eerste verwagte uitkoms was om die behoeftes van die enkel-tweeling wat tweelingverlies hanteer, te verstaan. Die tweede verwagte uitkoms was om by te dra tot kennis oor tweelingverlies en rou by die enkel-tweeling. Die bevindinge toon aan dat vier onverwagse temas vanuit die studie na vore gekom het, naamlik geheimhouding rakende die bestaan van ‘n mede- tweeling, voel soos ‘n aangenome kind, die kwessie van geloof as prominente faktor in die genesingsproses en die tweeling identiteit wat behou wil word. Riglyne is aan opvoedkundige sielkundiges gegee om hul toe te rus om die enkel-tweeling se verlies en rou te verstaan. ‘n Bydrae ten opsigte van kennis oor tweelingverlies en rou by enkel-tweelinge is gemaak. / The purpose of this study was to determine how adult twinless twins experience life following the loss of their co-twin. A qualitative empirical investigation was conducted in order to establish the needs of twinless twins in dealing with twin loss and the bereavement process. Literature indicates that ineffective coping mechanisms used in the loss of a twin, could result in emotional, cognitive, identity, relationship and behavioural issues. The literature further indicates that there are eight themes which determine whether these problems will culminate during the life of the twinless twin. These eight themes are: the effect of parental attitude, negative aspects of being part of a twin, feelings of guilt, polarisation, the twin connection, mitigating circumstances and the effect of loss on the relationship with others. The study followed a multiple case study research design with a narrative analytical approach. Eight participants completed a self-structured questionnaire. Thereafter semi-structured interviews were conducted to further explore themes related to the questionnaire. A follow-up in-depth interview was conducted with each participant one month later during which they described their experiences of being a twinless twin. The first anticipated outcome was an understanding of the needs of a twinless twin in dealing with loss of his or her twin. The second expected outcome was to add to the body of knowledge about twin loss and bereavement in twinless twins. The findings show that four unexpected themes emerged from the study, namely: secrecy regarding the existence of a co-twin; feeling like an adopted child; the issue of faith as a prominent factor in the healing process, and maintaining a twin identity. Guidelines are given to equip educational psychologists to understand twin loss and bereavement in twinless twins. The study contributed towards knowledge of twin loss and bereavement in twinless twins. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Sielkundige Opvoedkunde) Tweeling Enkel-tweeling Dood Verlies Tweelingverlies Rou en roufases Identiteit Hanteringsvaardighede Twin Twinless twin Death Loss Twin loss Grief and phases of grief Identity Coping skills 155.9370968
28	A dual-band dual-polarized antenna for WLAN applications Steyn, Johanna Mathilde 21 October 2009 (has links) The recent growth in the ambit of modern wireless communication and in particular WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) systems has created a niche for novel designs that have the capacity to send and/or receive arbitrary orthogonal polarizations. The designs should also be able to support dual-band functionality, while maintaining a compact structure. The first aim of this dissertation was thus to develop a dual-band single radiating element that can cover the 2.4 GHz (2.4 – 2.484 GHz) band and the 5.2 GHz (5.15 – 5.85 GHz) band for the IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11a WLAN standards respectively. Dual-frequency elements such as stacked-, notched- and dichroic patches have been considered, but due to the size and the high cross-polarization levels associated with these designs, the design process was propelled towards various dipole and monopole configurations. The attributes of various designs were compared, where the double Rhombus antenna pregnant with dual-band and dual-polarization potential was used as basis in the development of the DBDP (Dual-Band Dual-Polarized) antenna design. The single-element design exhibited wide bandwidths, good end-fire radiation patterns and relatively high gain over the 2.4/5.2 GHz bands. A two-element configuration was also designed and tested, to firstly increase the gain of the configuration and secondly to facilitate the transformation of the dipole design into a dual-polarized configuration. The second aim of this dissertation was to develop a dual-polarized array, while making use of only two ports, each pertaining to a specific polarization and to implement the design on a single-dielectric-layer substrate. Most dual-polarized structures such as circular, square and annular microstrip antenna designs only support one band, where multi-dielectric-layer structures are the norm. The disadvantages associated with multi-layered designs, such as fabrication difficulties, high costs, high back lobes and the size of the arrays, further supported the notion of developing an alternative configuration. The second contribution was thus the orthogonal interleaving of the two-element array configurations, to address the paucity of single-dielectric-layer dual-band dual-polarized designs that can be implemented with only two ports. This design was first developed and simulated with the aid of the commercial software package CST Microwave Studio® and the results were later corroborated with the measured data obtained from the Compact Antenna Range at the University of Pretoria. AFRIKAANS : Die onlangse groei in die area van moderne draadlose kommunikasie en met spesifieke verwysing na DLAN (Draadlose Lokale Area Netwerk) stelsels, het ‘n nis vir nuwe ontwerpe geskep. Daar word van hierdie nuwe ontwerpe die kapasiteit verlang om verskeie ortogonale polarisasies te stuur en/of te ontvang in samewerking met dubbel-band eienskappe, terwyl ‘n kompakte struktuur nogsteeds aandag moet geniet. Die eerste doel met hierdie verhandeling was dus die ontwikkeling van ‘n dubbel-band enkel stralingselement wat instaat is om die 2.4 GHz (2.4 – 2.484 GHz) band en die 5.2 GHz (5.15 – 5.85 GHz) band wat as die IEEE 802.11b en die IEEE 802.11a DLAN standaarde respektiewelik bekend staan, te bedek. Dubbel-frekwensie elemente soos onder andere die gepakte-, merkkepie- en dichromatiese strook antenne was as moontlike oplossings ondersoek, maar die grootte en hoë kruispolarisasie wat gewoonlik met hierdie ontwerpe gepaard gaan, het die ontwerpsproses in die rigting van verskeie dipool en monopool konfigurasies gestoot. Die aantreklike eienskappe van die verskeie ontwerpe was met mekaar vergelyk, waar die dubbel Rhombus antenna, verwagtend met dubbel-band dubbel-polarisasie potensiaal, as basis vir die ontwikkeling van die DBDP (Dubbel-Band Dubbel-Polarisasie) antenna ontwerp gebruik is. Die enkelelementontwerp het wye bandwydtes, goeie direktiewe stralingspatrone en relatiewe hoë wins oor die 2.4/5.2 GHz bande geopenbaar. Die twee-element konfigurasies was ook ontwerp en getoets om eerstens die wins van die konfigurasie te verhoog en tweedens om die transformasie na ‘n dubbel-gepolariseerde konfigurasie te fassiliteer. Die tweede doel van hierdie verhandeling was om ‘n dubbel-gepolariseerde elementopstelling met net twee poorte te ontwikkel, waar elkeen verantwoordelik is vir ‘n spesifieke polarisasie, en te implementeer op ‘n enkel-diëlektriese-laag substraat. Die meeste dubble-polarisasiestrukture, soos onder andere die sirkulêre-, vierkantige- en ringvormige antenne ontwerpe, kan net een frekwensieband onderhou en word gewoonlik met behulp van meervoudige-diëlektriese-laagstrukture geimplementeer. Die negatiewe eienskappe soos onder andere die vervaardigingsmoeilikhede, hoë kostes, hoë teruglobbe en die grootte van die meervoudige-elementopstellings wat aan hierdie meervoudige-diëlektriese-laagontwerpe behoort, het verder die denkbeeld van ‘n alternatiewe konfigurasie bekragtig. Die tweede hoofbydrae was dus die ortogonale insleuteling van die twee-element meervoudige-elementopstelling konfigurasies om die geringheid van enkel-diëlektriese-laag dubbel-band dubbel-polarisasie ontwerpe, wat net met twee poorte geïmplementeer kan word, te adresseer. Hierdie ontwerp was eers met behulp van die kommersiële sagtewarepakket CST Microwave Studio® ontwikkel en gesimuleer, waarna die resultate bevestig was deur meetings by die Kompakte Antenna Meetbaan van die Universiteit van Pretoria. / Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering / unrestricted Kompakte struktuur Direktiewe stralingspatrone Hoë wins Wlan Wye bandwydte Dual-band Dual-polarized Dual-band dual-polarized Wide bandwidths Single-dielectric-layer substrate High gain End-fire radiation pattern Compact structure Ieee 802.11a wlan standards Dlan Dubbel-band Dubbel-polarisasie Dubbel-band dubbel-gepolariseerd Enkel-diëlektriese-laag substraat Ieee 802.11b Ieee 802.11a wlan standaarde UCTD
29	Elektroniska underskrifter, ett tekniskt och juridiskt fenomen : En utredning av elektroniska underskrifters rättsliga förhållande till teknik och funktioner / Electronic signatures, a technical and legal phenomenon : An investigation of electronic signatures legal relationship to technology and functions Jonsson, Isak, Nahlbom, Robin January 2022 (has links) I uppsatsen utreds det tekniska och juridiska fenomenet elektroniska underskrifter, som idag till viss del har ersatt traditionella handskrivna underskrifter. Den rättsliga ställningen för elektroniska underskrifter påverkas direkt av den teknik de bygger på, varför juridiken bör anses vara nära sammankopplad med tekniken. Innebörden av en elektronisk underskrift kan sägas vara kontrollerbara uppgifter i elektronisk form som bland annat möjliggör att en person som har undertecknat en handling kan verifieras. Elektroniska underskrifters funktioner jämförs vanligtvis med handskrivna underskrifter trots att funktionerna uppfylls med hjälp av olika tekniska lösningar. En elektronisk underskrift fyller fem olika funktioner som bland annat gör användningen av elektroniska underskrifter säker för dess användare. EIDAS-förordningen är central för elektroniska underskrifters rättsverkan och avser att vara en teknikneutral reglering. Något regelverk för hur den underliggande tekniken ska vara utformad finns inte. Tre typer av elektroniska underskrifter kan identifieras av förordningen, vilka är enkla, avancerade och kvalificerade elektroniska underskrifter. De olika underskriftstyperna skiljer sig åt både avseende krav och rättsverkan. EIDAS-förordningens mest betydelsefulla bestämmelse torde vara att en elektronisk underskrift som huvudregel inte får förvägras rättslig verkan på grund av dess elektroniska form. Formkrav som uppställs i nationell rätt kan hindra elektroniska underskrifter från att användas. I svensk rätt förekommer både formalavtal som tillåter och inte tillåter att elektroniska underskrifter används. Bestämmelser kan även föreskriva att en viss typ av elektronisk underskrift får eller ska användas. Konsensualavtal kan till skillnad från formalavtal användas obehindrat med elektroniska underskrifter, eftersom avtalstypen är flexibel i sin natur. När elektroniska underskrifter används i en elektronisk miljö skulle problem avseende viljeförklaringar kunna uppstå och påverka konsensualavtal. Exempelvis om viljeförklaringar avges snabbt genom några knapptryck eller om elektroniska undertecknandetjänster är otydligt utformade för användare. Elektroniska underskrifter bör anses ha såväl juridiska som tekniska förutsättningar för att i framtiden kunna användas i ännu större omfattning än idag. electronic signature electronic signatures digital signature digital signatures avtalsrätt elektroniska avtal elektroniskt avtal elektronisk underskrift elektroniska underskrifter elektronisk signatur elektroniska signaturer elektroniskt undertecknande digital signatur elektroniskt avtalsslut digitalt avtal digitala avtalsslut EIDAS eIDAS-förordningen eIDAS förordningen undertecknande elektronisk signatur elektroniska signaturer underskrift underskrifter funktioner underskrifters funktioner tekniska funktioner rättsliga funktioner rättslig funktion enkel elektronisk underskrift avancerad elektronisk underskrift kvalificerad elektronisk underskrift Law Juridik
30	Opera i Stockholm, Galärvarvet Andersson, Joakim January 2011 (has links) Suggestion for a new operahouse in stockholm, förslag på nytt operahus i stockholm. Stockholmsoperan. Architecture opera Joakim Andersson architect Stockholm Sweden operahouse new operahouse salon auditorium fasáde sustainability low tech glass steel glass and steel KTH student intelligent fasádes ventilation heat sun energy solar cells photovoltaic cells sun energy high tech light see trough transparent transparence contructivism brutalistic innovation innovative innovation cordoba mosqueta en Córdoba the mosc in cordoba acoustics section plan Arkitektur opera kandidatexxamen Gaälärvarvet Galärparken Joakim Andersson arkitekt Stockholm salon auditorium hållbarhet fasáde KTH elevarbete student ventilation solenergi skugga värmeväxlare genomsiktlig transparent transparens transparent fasad brutalism konstruktivism innovation innovation solfångare enkel solfångare vindsnurra fälltak pelarsystem moske cordoba mosqueta en Córdoba akustik sektion plan planta Architectural Engineering Arkitekturteknik

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