Global ETD Search

11	Hållbarhetsredovisning : Institutionaliserad diskurs inom klädbranschen / Sustainability Reporting : Institutionalised Discourse in the Clothing Industry Bowald, Jessica, Trygg, Andrea January 2015 (has links) Syfte: Syftet med studien är att identifiera en institutionaliserad diskurs kring kommunikation av hållbarhet inom klädbranschen. Utgångspunkten för identifiering av en sådan diskurs är företagens tillämpning av redovisningsmodellen triple bottom line. Vidare förklaras denna diskurs med hjälp av legitimitets- och intressentteorin. Resultatet av studien syftar till att bidra till kunskapsbildningen kring dessa teorier.Metod: En kvalitativ diskursanalys har genomförts på fyra utvalda företags hållbarhetsredovisningar inom klädbranschen. Företagen representerar två olika profiler, fast fashion samt high-end. Studien är inspirerad av innehållsanalys då datamaterialet har kategoriserats. Kategorierna har dock fått växa fram under analysens gång för att på så vis identifiera diskursen kring kommunikation av hållbarhet.Resultat: Studien tyder på att hållbarhetsredovisning har institutionaliserats och att det finns en relativt tydlig diskurs kring kommunikation av hållbarhet inom den studerade branschen. Den tydligaste variationen som framkommit är en skillnad mellan företagens profiler, nämligen att företagen inom high-end trycker mer på kvalitet på kläderna än vad företagen inom fast fashion gör.Originalitet/värde: Tidigare studier har funnit att det finns stora skillnader i hur corporate social responsibility rapporteras mellan olika branscher. Denna studie undersöker hur företag inom samma bransch, men med olika profilering, rapporterar om hållbarhet. Studien har bidragit till att öka förståelsen för varför företag inom klädbranschen väljer att lyfta viss information i sina hållbarhetsredovisningar. / Purpose: This paper seeks to identify an institutionalised discourse about communication of sustainability in the clothing industry. The base for identification of this discourse is how a company applies the triple bottom line model. Further, this discourse is explained with legitimacy- and stakeholder theory. The result of the study aims to contribute to increase knowledge about these theories.Methodology: A qualitative discourse analyses has been employed on the sustainability reports of four fashion companies. The companies represents two profiles, fast fashion and high-end. The study is partly conducted by applying content analysis on a data driven basis. Categories have emerged during the course of the analysing work.Findings: The result suggests that the sustainability reporting has been institutionalised and that there exist a relatively clear discourse about communication of sustainability within the studied industry. The most obvious variation that has emerged is a variety between the companies' profiles, the high-end companies communicate quality of the clothes to a greater extent compared to the fast fashion companies.Originality/value: Previous studies have shown that there are big differences in how corporate social responsibility is reported among industries. This study examines how companies in the same industry, with various corporate profiles, report on sustainability. The study has helped to increase the understanding of why a company in the clothing industry chooses to highlight certain information in their sustainability report.This thesis is written in Swedish. Sustainability sustainability reporting clothing industry fast fashion high-end fashion institutionalised discourse Hållbarhet hållbarhetsredovisning klädbranschen fast fashion high-end fashion institutionaliserad diskurs
12	How is Islamophobia institutionalised? : racialised governmentality and the case of Muslim students in British universities Nabi, Shaida Raffat January 2011 (has links) This thesis explores how Islamophobia is institutionalised in British universities. Focussing on Muslim students, this question is largely explored through empirical research using two case study universities. Each university was examined through key university functions; namely, 'ethnic' monitoring data under the Race Amendment (2000), union politics and welfare/observance provisions. The research involved semi-structured interviews with Muslim students who were in some way 'active' on campus, as well as university/union staff between 2004 and 2006. It also included some document analysis. It is argued that Islamophobia is institutionalised through its govermentalising function and is reflected in three key modes of 'managing' Muslim students; 'absence' (invisibility), 'presence' (hyper-visibility) and 'inclusion' (liberal multiculturalism). 'Absence' refers to the absence of Muslim students as a recognised collectivity within the formal structures of the university. Thus, it is argued, Muslim student concerns about racism fail to be formally registered and remain trivialised at anecdotal levels. 'Presence' refers to the hyper-visibility of Muslim students as a troublesome 'fundamentalist'/'extremist' cohort. This is exemplified through numerous historical and contemporary sector and state interventions, but also in student union politics. 'Inclusion' refers to liberal multicultural practices that regulate Muslim students. This is observed in equality practices (e.g. university provisions) in the university and the way they function to minoritise rather than equalise the status of Muslim students. What these modes of governance emphasise is the way Muslim students are the subject of and subjected to processes of racialised management, that is, regulation, discipline and normalisation. Each of these modes are explored through interviewee accounts/documents, and (in)formed by a recursive engagement with theories of racialised governmentality. It is argued that together, these modes of racialised governmentality signify the transgressive status of Muslims. They are also seen to reflect the broader political (in)visibility of Muslims in Britain and their awkward place within British multiculturalism. Influenced by 'de-colonial' thinking and activist-based research, the thesis has sought to develop a critique of dominant and racialised discourses about Muslim students in universities. This has involved the selective use of discursive techniques and a reflexive awareness of my own positioning with research. It has also involved cognizance of the way Muslim students and Muslim communities generally, have been perceived as 'suspect' and subject to increased securitisation. In the main however, the thesis has troubled the equality practices of universities and highlighted the way they are part of, not separate from, the problem of Islamophobia. 306.697
13	Life after Growing Up in Care: Informing Policy and Practice through Research Murray, S., Goddard, James A. January 2014 (has links) No / Existing research on the impact of growing up in care focuses upon either the care experience itself or the period of transition from care to independence. Our knowledge of outcomes largely ceases when former residents of the care system reach their early twenties. There are strong social justice reasons for extending research into the older adult lives of such young people. We know a great deal about the multiple disadvantages that such individuals face as children. But research is largely silent about their subsequent adult lives. While we must be cautious in drawing causal links to the childhood care experience as the time period since life in care extends, we know that early experiences can affect care-leavers across their life coursejust as childhood experience affects all adults in a variety of ways. In this review, we highlight evidence drawn from research in Australia, the United Kingdom, Canada, Ireland, and the United States, with particular attention paid to the first two of those countries. We use a wide range of sources and identify areas for further consideration, including access to personal records, mental health, education, and parenting. By doing so, we seek to open up this area for further research with the hope that such research will lead to an increasing recognition of care-leavers' needs and thus to improvements in social policy and service provision.
14	The psycho-educational use of narrative therapy among Nguni speaking children Kabanyane, Nompumelelo Eucalist 30 June 2004 (has links) Narrative therapy provides an opportunity for children to identify what is important to them. The aim of therapy in this research is to open up space for Nguni speaking children, who in their culture, are not allowed to express their feelings freely. The researcher has found that stories allow children an opportunity to realise that they are all human and that we have come through a process where we have to acknowledge that our existence today is largely dependent on the fact that we are not denying our stories as Nguni speaking people. From looking at the results of study, it would appear that these children have benefited from the therapy sessions. From three clients a sense of pride and self-worth was often evident at the end of a session and the overall comment made was that each one felt far better than when they had started the sessions. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (specialisation in Guidance and Counseling) Values Narrative therapy Nguni speaking children Stories in Nguni culture Folktales Traumatised Externalising a problem SOS Children's Village Death Poverty Abandonment Abuse 372.140968 Educational counseling -- South Africa Narrative therapy -- South Africa
15	The psycho-educational use of narrative therapy among Nguni speaking children Kabanyane, Nompumelelo Eucalist 30 June 2004 (has links) Narrative therapy provides an opportunity for children to identify what is important to them. The aim of therapy in this research is to open up space for Nguni speaking children, who in their culture, are not allowed to express their feelings freely. The researcher has found that stories allow children an opportunity to realise that they are all human and that we have come through a process where we have to acknowledge that our existence today is largely dependent on the fact that we are not denying our stories as Nguni speaking people. From looking at the results of study, it would appear that these children have benefited from the therapy sessions. From three clients a sense of pride and self-worth was often evident at the end of a session and the overall comment made was that each one felt far better than when they had started the sessions. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (specialisation in Guidance and Counseling) Values Narrative therapy Nguni speaking children Stories in Nguni culture Folktales Traumatised Externalising a problem SOS Children's Village Death Poverty Abandonment Abuse 372.140968 Educational counseling -- South Africa Narrative therapy -- South Africa
16	Pouvoir et vouloir participer en démocratie : sociologie de l'engagement participatif : la production et la réception des offres institutionnelles de participation à l’échelle municipale / Participation in democracy : who can, and who would want to participate ? : production and reception of public participation policies at municipal level Petit, Guillaume 15 November 2017 (has links) Les élus locaux veulent associer les citoyens, qui veulent pouvoir être entendus et peser dans les décisions. Ces propositions résument les enjeux d'une démocratie participative, à la fois comme idéal de gouvernement et comme norme de l'action publique locale. La thèse revient sur la mise à l'épreuve de l'impératif délibératif à l'échelle municipale, depuis les années 1990. L'enquête repose sur l'analyse des conditions sociales de la production et de la réception d'offres institutionnelles de participation, dans trois communes de 20 000 habitants. Au travers d'une approche inductive et pluri-méthodologique, nous proposons une sociologie de l'engagement participatif, entre études sur la socialisation politique et sur l'action publique locale. L'attention portée aux contextes, aux acteurs et aux formats de l'offre de participation, permet d'en constater l'institutionnalisation inaboutie et les appropriations socialement situées. Nous argumentons en faveur d'une compréhension dispositionnelle et situationnelle des parcours de participation et de non-participation, pour élaborer une théorie ancrée de l'engagement participatif, entre pouvoir et vouloir. Dans ce cadre, la possibilité intermittente d'une participation réalisée ne se comprend qu'au regard d'un engagement distancié, critiqué, empêché ou évité. En toute fin, si elle est une voie d'intéressement à un intérêt local commun, l'offre de participation voit sa portée sociale et politique fondamentalement limitée par l’encastrement de la participation dans la représentation. / This thesis studies political participation at local level and its implications for citizen engagement in public policy. Local elected representatives want to engage citizens in governance, citizens want to be heard and to influence policy making. Thus participatory democracy and deliberative imperative are considered as an ideal for government and a best practice in public action. This thesis focuses on "offers of participation" - opportunities for participation created by authorities for citizen - in French municipalities since 1990. I argue that these "offers" swing between thwart institutionalising and continuous experimenting. Empirical data are derived from the study of policies for implementing participatory democracy in three cities of 20 000 inhabitants. I discuss the social-historical anchorage of these political-administrative constructions, the effects of their various design and the social conditions of their differentiate appropriations by citizens. I suggest a grounded theory of citizen engagement based on an inductive and multi-method approach. The analytical framework is based on the concepts of social dispositions and situations, in order to determine social conditions of patterns of participation and non-participation, as both faces of a similar phenomenon. The opportunity for an effective intermittent participation can only be understood in relation with a distanced, impeached, prevented or avoided participation. "Offers of participation" are a way to mobilise citizens on a common local interest. Though, their impact is narrowed by the fact that participation is imbedded in the system of political representation. Démocratie participative Politique locale Politiques procédurales Participation institutionnalisée Engagement participatif Dispositions sociales Parcours de participation Participatory democracy Procedural policies Local policies Institutionalised participation Participatory commitment Social dispositions Patterns of participation 320.8
17	Legally recognising child-headed households through a rights-based approach : the case of South Africa Lim, Hye-Young 18 June 2011 (has links) Focusing on the rights of children who are deprived of their family environment and remain in child-headed households in the context of the HIV epidemic in Africa cannot be more relevant at present as the continent faces a significant increase in the number of children who are left to fend for themselves due to the impact of the epidemic. The impact of the epidemic is so severe that it is likened to an armed conflict. In sub-Saharan Africa, an estimated 22.4 million people are living with HIV, and in 2008 alone, 2 million people died of AIDS-related illnesses. Such massive loss of human lives is itself a tragedy. However, the repercussions of the epidemic suffered by children may be less visible, yet are just as far-reaching, and in all likelihood longer lasting in their effects. Initially, it appeared that children were only marginally affected by the epidemic. Unfortunately, it is now clear that children are at the heart of the epidemic. In sub-Saharan Africa, an estimated 14 million children lost their parents to AIDS-related illnesses and an unimaginable number of children consequently find themselves in deepened poverty. Traditionally, children who are deprived of their family environment in Africa have been cared for by extended families. However, the HIV epidemic has dramatically affected the demography of many African societies. As the epidemic continues to deplete resources of the affected families and communities, extended families and communities find it more and more difficult to provide adequate care to the increasing number of children who are deprived of parental care. As a result, more and more children are taking care of themselves in child-headed households. The foremost responsibility of states with regards to children who are deprived of parental care is to support families and communities so that they are able to provide adequate care to children in need of care, thereby preventing children from being deprived of their family environment. While strengthening families and communities, as required by articles 20 of the Convention of the Rights of the Child and 25 of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, as well as other international guidelines such as the 2009 UN Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children, states also have the responsibility to provide ‘special protection and assistance’ to children who are already deprived of their family environment and are living in child-headed households. The important question is how to interpret the right to alternative care, and special protection and assistance, with respect to children in child-headed households. The study examines the international standards and norms regarding children who are deprived of their family environment including children in child-headed households and explores the ways those children are supported and protected in South Africa, against the background of related developments in a number of different African countries, including Namibia, Southern Sudan and Uganda. In 2002, the South African Law Reform Commission made the important recommendation that child-headed households should be legally recognised. The Children’s Amendment Act (No 41 of 2007), which amended the comprehensive Children’s Act (No 38 of 2005) gave effect to this recommendation by legally recognising child-headed households under prescribed conditions. It is a bold step to strengthen the protection and assistance given to children in child-headed households. However, child-headed households should not be legally recognised unless all the necessary protection and assistance measures are effectively put in place. In order to design and implement the measures of protection and assistance to children in child-headed households, a holistic children’s rights-based approach should be a guiding light. A rights-based approach, which articulates justiciable rights, establishes a link between the entitlement of children as rights-holders and legal obligations of states as duty-bearers. States have the primary responsibility to provide appropriate protection and assistance to children who are deprived of their family environment. This is a legal obligation of states, not a charitable action. A rights-based approach is further important in that it ensures that both the process of mitigation strategies and the outcome of such efforts are firmly based on human rights standards. The study argues that legal recognition should be given to child-headed household only after a careful evaluation based on the international standards with regard to children deprived of their family environment. It further argues that measures of ‘special protection and assistance’ should be devised and implemented using a rights-based approach respecting, among others, children’s rights to non-discrimination, to participation and to have their best interests given a priority. / Thesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted And special protection and assistance Children’s rights Rights-based approach HIV and AIDS Parental care Extended family Community-based care Orphaned and vulnerable children Foster care Adoption Institutionalised care Right to alternative care Child-headed households UCTD
18	Pastor in the Shadow of Violence : Gustavo Gutiérrez as a Public Pastoral Theologian in Peru in the 1980s and 1990s Kristenson, Olle January 2009 (has links) This dissertation is a study of the role of Gustavo Gutiérrez as a public pastor in the 1980s and 1990s in Peru. His collaboration with the Lima newspaper La República from the early 1980s gave him a figurative pulpit from which he addressed the Peruvian public on specific occasions. The fundamental question in the dissertation is: How did Gutiérrez respond as pastor to the Peruvian public and how did he express his pastoral concern? The study analyses materials that has not been object for previous studies, such as theological essays and articles in newspapers and periodicals. With inspiration from discourse analysis four discourses have been identified in Gutiérrez’ texts. These discourses interact and through this interaction Gutiérrez formulates his pastoral message. For the socio-political analysis two political discourses are used, the radical and the liberal. The radical political discourse deals with justice for the poor and liberation from oppression as a condition for peace and harmony in society, which are in focus for the liberal political discourse. With the Catholic theological discourse Gutiérrez sets the socio-political analysis in relation to Catholic doctrine and through the pastoral theological discourse he gives reason for hope and inspiration to action. As an advocate for a theology of life, Gutiérrez urges those who read and listen to him to break the pattern of death and opt for this theology of life. In his role as pastor, Gutiérrez speaks words of comfort and encouragement but also words of admonition and warning to those in power who have the capacity to transform society. Bartolomé de Las Casas CELAM discourse analysis Christian hope God of life Gustavo Gutiérrez hermeneutic of hope human rights institutionalised violence La República liberation theology pastoral theology political theology political violence preferential option for the poor reconciliation resurrection theology of life Roman Catholicism in Peru Sendero Luminoso social movements Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
19	The Social Construction of Economic Man: The Genesis, Spread, Impact and Institutionalisation of Economic Ideas Mackinnon, Lauchlan A. K. Unknown Date (has links) The present thesis is concerned with the genesis, diffusion, impact and institutionalisation of economic ideas. Despite Keynes's oft-cited comments to the effect that 'the ideas of economists and political philosophers, both when they are right and when they are wrong, are more powerful than is commonly understood'(Keynes 1936: 383), and the highly visible impact of economic ideas (for example Keynesian economics, Monetarism, or economic ideas regarding deregulation and antitrust issues) on the economic system, economists have done little to systematically explore the spread and impact of economic ideas. In fact, with only a few notable exceptions, the majority of scholarly work concerning the spread and impact of economic ideas has been developed outside of the economics literature, for example in the political institutionalist literature in the social sciences. The present thesis addresses the current lack of attention to the spread and impact of economic ideas by economists by drawing on the political institutionalist, sociological, and psychology of creativity literatures to develop a framework in which the genesis, spread, impact and institutionalisation of economic ideas may be understood. To articulate the dissemination and impact of economic ideas within economics, I consider as a case study the evolution of economists' conception of the economic agent - "homo oeconomicus." I argue that the intellectual milieu or paradigm of economics is 'socially constructed' in a specific sense, namely: (i) economic ideas are created or modified by particular individuals; (ii) economic ideas are disseminated (iii) certain economic ideas are accepted by economists and (iv) economic ideas become institutionalised into the paradigm or milieu of economics. Economic ideas are, of course, disseminated not only within economics to fellow economists, but are also disseminated externally to economic policy makers and business leaders who can - and often do - take economic ideas into account when formulating policy and building economic institutions. Important economic institutions are thereby socially constructed, in the general sense proposed by Berger and Luckmann (1966). But how exactly do economic ideas enter into this process of social construction of economic institutions? Drawing from and building on structure/agency theory (e.g. Berger and Luckmann 1966; Bourdieu 1977; Bhaskar 1979/1998, 1989; Bourdieu 1990; Lawson 1997, 2003) in the wider social sciences, I provide a framework for understanding how economic ideas enter into the process of social construction of economic institutions. Finally, I take up a methodological question: if economic ideas are disseminated, and if economic ideas have a real and constitutive impact on the economic system being modelled, does 'economic science' then accurately and objectively model an independently existing economic reality, unchanged by economic theory, or does economic theory have an interdependent and 'reflexive' relationship with economic reality, as economic reality co-exists with, is shaped by, and also shapes economic theory? I argue the latter, and consider the implications for evaluating in what sense economic science is, in fact, a science in the classical sense. The thesis makes original contributions to understanding the genesis of economic ideas in the psychological creative work processes of economists; understanding the ontological location of economic ideas in the economic system; articulating the social construction of economic ideas; and highlighting the importance of the spread of economic ideas to economic practice and economic methodology. 410401 Design Theory 349901 Political Economy 370000 Studies in Human Society 340302 History of Economic Thought 349900 Other Economics 410402 Design Innovation 360201 Public Policy 360000 Policy and Political Science 380100 Psychology 360100 Political Science 360200 Policy and Administration 370101 Social Theory 370102 Social Policy and Planning 340100 Economic Theory genesis spread diffusion impact institutionalisation economic ideas idea ideation psychology of creativity Wallas Wertheimer stage model productive thinking creative creativity process economic economics sociology social methodology methodological self-altering self-fulfilling self-denying prophecy belief reflexive reflexivity institution institutionalise institutionalised social construction Berger Luckmann Bhaskar critical realism Lawson Bordieu habitus field spread impact ideation ideational structure social structure action creativity creative economists sociology philosophy of science homo economicus homo oeconomicus economic man economic agent rational economic man man lucas critique Goodhart's law Keynes Marx Mill Hayek Hicks Samuelson Walras Jevons Arrow Debreu Samuelson Merton sociology of economics sociology of scientific knowledge SSK Holton prediction control reflexive prediction reflexivity Whitley Mackie canonization Henshel Grunberg Modigliani Morgenstern Lucas Muth Simon Blyth Hall Sikkink Hira Hood institutionalize institutionalized socialise socialisation internalise internalisation internalization socialization behaviour behavior Thomas theorem expectations stage model productive thinking evolution

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