I mitt arbete ämnar jag besvara frågan “Hur uttrycks stora fordonstillverkares eco-branding i förhållande till paradigmskiftet mot krav på hållbar utveckling?”. Syftet är att undersöka svårigheterna och balansgången med eco-branding inom fordonsindustrin. Detta görs utifrån en branding-studie av tre stora fordonstillverkares användning av eco-branding, ihop med mina egna erfarenheter av ett liknande designprojekt. Grafisk identitet och visuell kommunikation studeras utifrån el och hybridbilarna BMW i3, Tesla Model S och Toyota Prius. Positionering av företagen inom området kopplas till teori om hållbar utveckling, eco-branding och greenwashing för att diskutera krav på transparens och företagens upplevda legitimitet och trovärdighet. Det framkommer att de olika företagen brandar sig på olika sätt, med olika grad av eco-branding. Något som beror mycket på vilka värderingar och historia företaget och dess varumärke har. Även om det är en balansgång mellan greenwashing och trovärdighet, så kan alla ses ha olika styrkor; samt svagheter att förbättra för ökad transparens eller trovärdighet. En slutsats är dock att eco-branding börjar bli mer trovärdig och att greenwashing-trenden generellt börjat mattas av. Gemensamt för alla aktörer är att framtidsvisionen är det centrala i varumärkesbyggandet. Dock har konventionella fordonstillverkare svårare förutsättningar att förhålla sig till paradigmskiftet än nyare aktörer. / In this essay I aim to answer the question “How is the eco-branding of large automotive companies expressed, in relation to the paradigm shift towards demands for sustainability?”. The purpose is to examine the difficulties and balancing of eco-branding within the automotive industry. This is done through a comparative analysis of three large automotive companies and their use of eco-branding, together with my own experience from a similar design project. Corporate identity and visual communication is studied through the electric and hybrid cars BMW i3, Tesla Model S and Toyota Prius. The positioning of the brands within the field is linked to theory on sustainable development, eco-branding and greenwashing; to discuss demands for transparency and the brands perceived legitimacy and credibility. It is revealed that the different companies brand themselves in relatively different ways, with different degrees of eco-branding.This depends on the values and history of the company and it’s brand. Even though there is a balancing between greenwashing and credibility, they all have different strengths, as well as areas for improvement to increase company transparency and authenticity. A conclusion is however that eco-branding is becoming more credible and the trend of greenwashing is generally started to slightly diminish. It is revealed that future vision plays a central part in all of the brands. However conventional companies are shown to have significantly more difficulties in positioning themselves within the paradigmshift compared to newer actors.

The aim of this master’s thesis is to examine how social media, specifically Instagram, is utilized in three special collections libraries in Sweden. The intent is to understand why Instagram is a plausible platform for the purpose of showcasing the libraries’ cultural heritage collections, how this is done and who the target audience is. The theoretical framework for this study is based on Roland Barthes’s visual semiotic terms denotation and connotation. The study also applies Lorri Mon’s analytical tools when examining how libraries can use social media in a successful manner. The three selected libraries are Uppsala University Library, Lund University Library and Roggebiblioteket. Six Instagram posts, between October 2018 and Mars 2019, from each library are analyzed, and e-mail interviews have been conducted with the librarians behind the accounts. Finally, the results are compared to showcase their differences and similarities, but also to compare them to previous studies on social media use in libraries. The results show that Instagram is used to display the libraries’ cultural heritage and make the collections more approachable to the general public – specifically to foreign researchers. The librarians also use Instagram as a platform to connect with other cultural heritage institutions and librarians all over the world. Through publishing esthetically pleasing pictures of old historical books, maps and other materials, they want to attract new users and put their library on the map. This is a two years master’s thesis in Library and Information Science.

<p>We make decisions every day, some with the potential for a huge impact on our lives. This process of decision-making is crucial not only for individuals but for industries, including construction. Unlike the manufacturing industry, where one can make certain decisions regarding an actual product by looking at it in real time, the nature of construction is different. Here, decisions are to be made on a product which will be built somewhere in the near future. The complex and interim nature of construction projects, along with factors like time essence, increasing scale of projects and multitude of stakeholders, makes it even more difficult to reach consensus. Incorporating VR can aid in getting an insight on the final product at the very beginning of the project life cycle. With a visual representation, the stakeholders involved can collaborate on a single platform to assess the project, share common knowledge and make choices that would produce better results in all major aspects like cost, quality, time and safety. This study aims at assessing decision-making in the earlier stages of construction and then evaluating the performance of immersive and non-immersive VR platforms.</p> <br> <p> </p>

The human body possesses a highly developed range of senses that help orienting oneself in everyday life. Especially when it comes to navigating, perceiving and reacting to the world around us, people tend to rely mostly on their vision and hearing. Suffering from an impairment of either one, or both of the predominating senses means having to counterbalance this constraint. People suffering from blindness and deaf-blindness compensate their impairment mainly by relying on their haptic perception. In this case, information is usually communicated by braille or vibrotactile means. To offer another non-visual and non-audial communication concept this thesis work introduces, the thermal textile pixels. A thermal textile pixel consists of an external thermal device, able to generate hot and cold thermal impulses, and a textile interface to transmit the signal. In order to design such thermal textile pixel it was crucial to be aware of the thermal transfer occurring through and within an textile. Numerous research studies have examined the thermal properties of textiles, especially in the context of clothing comfort, thermal comfort. Nevertheless, it should be considered that as a thermal textile pixel, the textile forms part of a system, governed by many parameters. Therefore, for designing such a device it is important to be aware of the temporal and spatial resolution of the thermal transmitted signal. These characteristics are influenced by multiple textile parameters. For this purpose, a thermal study has been performed investigating in- and out-of-plane signal transmission by textiles in combination with an external thermal device. Using an external thermal device such as a Peltier element allowed to expose the specimens to heating as well as to active cooling. Different knitted structures and material combinations have been examined to gain a first impression on the behaviour of thermal pixels. It was found that thickness and density were the most influential factors for out-of-plane heat transfer. In-plane was found influenced mainly by fibre conductivity. An anisotropic behaviour was noted in-plane, as well as between in- and out-of-plane for heat transfer. Investigating active cooling signals, it was found that a significant decline of performance was noted for all specimens. Plain PA was found to be most suitable for the transmission of heat signals. But did not perform equally well during active cooling phases. Plain Shieldex was observed to perform most steady during heating and active cooling.

The aim of the thesis is to describe the development of the Prague metro's appearance and to study the application of a uniform visual style in its current environment. The theoretical section describes the history of the Prague metro and investigates the topic of visual communication and unified visual styles with a focus on information and wayfinding systems applied in public transport environments. The key topic examined in this work is the development of the visual style in Prague's metro from its opening to the present day. Preparatory studies of the metro's information and wayfinding systems and the finally applied systems are both described. This section includes a description of individual visual elements and important information about the authors of these systems, Jiří Rathouský and Rostislav Vaňek. The current visual communication style seen in Prague's metro is also described in this section. Planned and tested variants of new systems are also examined. The empirical section of the thesis investigates the currently applied visual style in Prague's metro. Elements from the graphic manual are described and adherence to a uniform visual style is analysed, including how certain elements have been applied at selected Prague metro stations.

Detta är ett examensarbete med inriktningen rumslig gestaltning inom informationsdesign. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur en multimodal och visuell utformning av dagens miljörum kan påverka barns rumsupplevelser och leda till att miljörummen upplevs mer tillgängliga och inkluderande för specifikt barn, men även för miljörummens övriga användare. Studien inkluderar ett metodiskt arbete genom litterära studier inom rumsliga element, kognition och perception, det lärande rummet med utgångspunkt i barns lärande, multimodalitet, rumsupplevelser och miljöpsykologi. Samt en platsanalys, ett frågeformulär, en kvalitativ intervju med experter och en deltagande workshop med studiens målgrupp. Detta i syfte att få en djupare förståelse för problematiken kring rummet, användaren och kontexten de verkar i för att besvara studiens frågeställning. Utifrån insamlade teorier och empiri formgavs ett exemplifierande gestaltningsförslag, där miljörummet av ett flerbostashus i Eskilstuna omgestaltades. Gestaltningsförslaget förhåller sig till barnens perspektiv och förutsättningar, med målet om att skapa en inkluderande, lärande och levande plats – där barnen inkluderas tidigt och blir en del av miljöarbetet för en bättre framtid. / This is a thesis specializing in Spatial design in the field of Information Design. The purpose of the study is to examine how a multimodal and visual design of today's rooms for recycling can affect children's spatial experiences and lead to a higher degree of accessibility and inclusive for children and other users of the room. The study includes a methodological work through literary studies on spatial elements, cognition and perception, the learning spaces based on children's learning, multimodality, spatial experiences, and environmental psychology. As well as a place analysis, a survey, a qualitative interview with experts, a participatory workshop with the study's target group. This to gain an in-depth understanding of the problems surrounding the room, the user, and the context in which they operate to answer the study's question at issue. Based on collected theories and empirical data, a exemplifying design proposal was designed, in which the environmental space of an apartment building in Eskilstuna was redesigned. The design proposal relates to the children's perspective and conditions, with the goal of creating an inclusive, learning and living place – where the children are included early and become part of the environmental work for a better future.

Den här uppsatsen undersöker hur parfymproducenter väljer att visuellt kommunicera sina varumärken och designa förpackningar. Detta utförs genom visuell retorik där studien undersöker de strategier som använts i reklam samt hur brandingen återspeglas i förpackningsdesignen. Undersökningsmaterialet utgörs av utvalda produkter hos de tre parfymvarumärkena Dior, Paco Rabanne och Byredo. Analysen innefattar även frågan om hur kvinnor och män representeras i varumärkets bildspråk, till exempel om de endast porträtteras i enlighet med sina respektive könsstereotyper. Den grafiska designens utveckling har gjort det möjligt att producera olika former av grafiska uttryck på flaskor och förpackningar. Trots dessa möjligheter är parfymindustrin ofta könskodad och likt många andra branscher väldigt likriktad i sin visuella kommunikation, det vill säga att företag ofta följer en typ av norm eller tradition för hur de förväntas kommunicera och hur deras visuella identiteter ska se ut.  Uppsatsen har föregåtts av ett relaterat designprojekt, där ett skovarumärke med ett annorlunda bildspråk och förpackning skapats. Dess visuella kommunikation har skiljt sig från de konkurrerande varumärkena beträffande uttryck och maner. Ett spännande projekt där positioneringen även visar på risken för otydlighet. Undersökningen visar att parfymvarumärkenas branding återspeglas i förpackningsdesignen genom trycket av logotyp och att kombinationen av grafiska element, typsnitt, färg och form där den huvudsakliga uppgiften är att rikta sig mot kvinnor eller män, är överrepresenterad. Den visar också att könsstereotyper men även särskiljande kommunikation finns representerad inom parfymreklam. / This essay examines how perfume producers choose to visually communicate their brand and packaging design. This is done through visual rhetoric where the study examines the strategies used in advertising and how the branding is reflected in the packaging design for some selected products of the three perfume brands Dior, Paco Rabanne and Byredo. The analysis also includes the question of how women and men are represented in the brand’s imagery, for example if they are only portrayed in accordance with their respective gender stereotypes. The development of graphic design has made it possible to produce various forms of graphic expression on bottles and packaging. Despite these possibilities, the perfume industry is often gender-coded and, like many other industries, very uniform in its visual communication, that is to say companies often follow a type of norm or tradition for how they are expected to communicate and what their visual identities should look like. The essay was preceded by a related design project, where a shoe brand with a different imagery and packaging was created. Its visual communication has differed from the competing brands in terms of expression and manner. An exciting project where the positioning also shows the risk of ambiguity. The survey shows that the branding of perfume brands is reflected in the packaging design through the print of the logo and that the combination of graphic elements, fonts, color and shape where the main task is to target women or men, is overrepresented. It also shows that gender stereotypes but also distinctive communication are represented in perfume advertising.

Der armenisch-türkische Konflikt ist eines der zentralen Themen in der armenischen Wochenzeitung Agos. Die Karikaturisten Aret Gicir, Ohannes Saskal und Sarkis Pacaci bebildern diesen Konflikt in der Sprache der Karikaturen. Die Zeitung ist dabei auch ein Medium für das kollektive Gedächtnis der Armenier in der Türkei und in der Diaspora. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Rolle der Karikaturen als Erinnerungsfiguren und die Rolle der Karikaturisten als Erinnerungsträger in den armenischen Medien, hier namentlich die Wochenzeitung Agos, für den kollektiven Konstruktionsprozess. Ohne Medien sind keine Erinnerungen möglich und Karikaturen sind ein Medium der Erinnerung. Die Karikaturisten Aret Gicir, Ohannes Saskal und Sarkis Pacaci verwenden unterschiedliche Techniken und Bildersprachen. Ihre Karikaturen gleichen Graffitis, Piktogrammen oder erotischen Darstellungen, sie sind Botschaften und Symbole einer kulturellen Hinterlassenschaft, so wird beispielsweise der tabuisierte Diskurs der Sexualität mit dem tabuisierten Diskurs des armenischen Genozids in der Türkei verbunden, ein Tabu wird durch ein anderes Tabu ersetzt. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt, dass die Karikaturisten die Funktion von modernen armenischen Aschugs, den Minnesängern der Gemeinschaft, übernehmen. Anstatt die Erinnerungen wie früher persönlich von Dorf zu Dorf tragen, oder wie im europäischen Mittelalter von Burg zu Burg, übernimmt diese Reise der Erinnerung die Zeitung Agos, um den Rezipienten mit Botschaften aus der Heimat zu versorgen. Durch die Zeitung wird der Rezipient an die (armenische) Vergangenheit erinnert. An diese Erinnerung wird versucht, die kollektive Gedächtnis der Armenier als Ersatz für das fehlende kommunikative Gedächtnis zu etablieren. / The Armenian-Turkish conflict is among the key subjects treated in the Armenian weekly Agos. The caricaturists Aret Gicir, Ohannes Saskal, and Sarkis Pacaci illustrate this conflict in the language of caricatures. The newspaper is thus also a medium for the collective memory of Armenians in Turkey and in the diaspora. This dissertation examines the role of caricatures as memory figures and the role of the caricaturists as carriers of memory in the Armenian media, here specifically the Agos weekly, for the collective process of construction. Memories are not possible without media, and caricatures are a medium of memory. The caricaturists Aret Gicir, Ohannes Saskal, and Sarkis Pacaci use different techniques and imagery. Similar to graffiti, pictograms, or erotic depictions, their caricatures are messages and symbols of a cultural legacy. The tabooed discourse on sexuality, for example, is related to the tabooed discourse of the Armenian genocide in Turkey; one taboo replaces another. This thesis shows that the caricaturists assume the function of modern Armenian ashughs, the bards of the community. Instead of the earlier practice of transmitting the memories personally from village to village, or from castle to castle, as was done in medieval Europe, this journey of remembrance is carried out by the Agos newspaper in order to provide recipients with messages from home. The newspaper serves to remind recipients of the (Armenian) past. Through this memory, an attempt is made to establish the collective memory of the Armenians as a substitute for the lacking communicative memory.

Title: Výtvarná výchova ve školním vzdělávacím programu pro 2. stupeň základní školy Author: Bc. Kateřina Círová Department: Katedra výtvarné výchovy Supervisor: PhDr. Leonora Kitzbergerová, Ph.D. ABSTRACT The subject of my thesis is the creation of an art education curriculum for the sixth year at the second level of primary school. In the theoretical part of the thesis, I first analyze the concept of art education in terms of its development and changes over time. Then I analyze the concept of the visual field in relation to the structure of the curriculum within the characteristics of Art and Culture for the second level of basic education. I look deeper at creating educational content in relation to specified educational goals. In the last chapter of the theoretical portion, I define the concept of specific teaching methods for teachers of art education. In the practical part of my thesis, I apply the educational content of the field of art education to the program of teaching art education at the second level of primary school with regard to the teacher's conception of art education. In the empirical part, I focus on the reflexive practices of the teacher in the framework of action research. I emphasize the factors that influence the teacher's approach to teaching. I present the...

Syftet med uppsatsen är att belysa hur kvinnoideal och värderingar reproduceras på Instagram genom att undersöka hur de gestaltas i reklamfilm som använder influencer marketing. Genom att analysera och jämföra den visuella gestaltningen med det verbalt uttryckta i samband med betalda samarbeten kan frågeställningarna besvaras. 1) Vilka likheter och skillnader finns mellan det visuella och det verbala framställandet av kvinnoideal och värderingar i betalda influensersamarbeten? 2) På vilket sätt använder sig företagen av influencers uttalade ideal och värderingar i reklam?  De teoretiska utgångspunkterna har behandlat skapandet av influencers, förtroendet till influencers, feministisk teori och marknadsföring, feministisk blickteori, Goffmans teori om könsframställning samt gestaltningskomponenterna. I studien har jag utifrån denna teoretiska ram och en semiotisk innehållsanalys analyserat två reklamfilmer från de svenska företagen Aimn och Deodoc som använder influencer marketing publicerade på Instagram. Därefter har jag jämfört det visuella materialet med verbalt material i form av de medverkande influencers uttalade åsikter som de yttrat i reklam för respektive företag. I min analys av det rörliga materialet är underordning och en sexualiserad bild av kvinnan frekvent förekommande i porträtteringen. I Aimns video användes ofta en ovanifrån-vinkel och ifråntagandet av blicken som förminskar och underordnar objektet i relation till betraktaren. I Deodocs video användes en neutral kameravinkel och hon har en blick som möter kameran, på så sätt en kontroll av sin egen blick och en mer jämställd maktrelation till betraktaren. Beröring användes både i syftet att uttrycka ömtålighet och styrka i båda reklamfilmerna. I det verbala materialet användes starka ord och värderingar som anspelade på en stolt och stark kvinna. Dessutom uttrycktes ett värde i att vara naturlig och ”som man är” i det verbala materialet medan det visuella uttryckte en iscensättning och idealet som en fixad attraktiv kvinna. Resultatet tyder alltså på att de två kvinnliga influencerna gestaltades olika i den visuella och verbala gestaltningen.  På frågeställning ett kunde slutsatsen dras att i Deodocs video överensstämmer värderingarna även om företaget prioriterat en visuellt snygg scen där Bianca Ingrosso sexualiseras snarare än porträtteras som naturlig. Verbalt lyfter man i kampanjen menstruation som något naturligt som ingen bör skämmas för men i det den visuella gestaltningen görs detta på ett attraktivt sätt. I Aimns video så har slutsatsen för den första frågeställningen dragits att videon visuellt anspelar på kroppen som ett objekt medan influencern Nicole Falciani verbalt uttalar sig om insidan och vad kroppen kan göra som det viktiga. På den andra frågeställningen om hur företag använder sig av influencers unika och förtroendeingivande särställning i reklam har slutsatsen dragit att dessa företag har använt en influencer för att skapa förtroende och tillit till företaget och budskapet. / The purpose of this essay is to examine how women's ideals and values are reproduced on Instagram by examining how they are embodied in commercials that use influencer marketing. By analyzing and comparing the visual design with the verbally expressed within a paid collaboration, the questions can be answered: 1) What are the similarities and differences between the visual and the verbal presentation of women's ideals and values in paid influencer collaborations? 2) In what way do companies use influencers' stated ideals and values in advertising? The theoretical basis explains the creation of influencers, trust for influencers, in addition to a feminist theory, marketing, feminist gaze theory, Goffman's theory of gender representation and the design components. The study uses semiotic content analysis to analyze two commercials from the Swedish companies Aimn and Deodoc that uses influencer marketing published on Instagram. Then I compared the visual material with the verbal material in the form of the participating influencers' expressed opinions that they expressed in advertising for each company. In my analysis of the visual material, subordination and a sexualized image of the woman are frequent in the portrayal. Aimn's video frequently uses a camera angle from above and presents Nicole without a gaze which diminishes and subordinates her in relation to the observer. In Deodoc’s video, a neutral camera angle is used and Bianca is given a gaze that meets the camera, thus she owns her gaze and has equal power relationship to the viewer. Touch was used both to express fragility and strength in both commercials. In the verbal material, strong words and values which alluded to a proud and strong woman were used. Additionally, a value in being natural was expressed in the verbal material while the visual expressed a staging and the ideal of a fixed attractive woman. The results thus indicate that the two female influencers were portrayed differently in the visual and verbal portrayal. To answer the first question, it could be concluded that in Deodoc's video, the values are consistent even if the company prioritizes a visually attractive scene where Bianca is sexualized rather than portrayed as natural. Verbally, the campaign shows menstruation as something natural that no one should be ashamed of, but in the visual design, this is done attractively. In Aimn's video, the conclusion for the first question has been drawn that the video visually alludes to the body as an object while the influencer Nicole Falciani verbally speaks about the inside and what the body can do as the most important. To answer the second question about how companies use influencers' unique and trustworthy position in advertising, it has been concluded that these companies have used an influencer to create trust and confidence in the company and the message.