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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
461

The development of a cultural family business model of good governance for Greek family businesses in South Africa

Adendorff, Christian Michael, Radloff, S January 2005 (has links)
Never in the history of the South African nation has the entrepreneurial spirit been more alive. Since the opening of international doors, after the 1994 elections, South Africa has experienced the explosive growth of transnational entrepreneurship. An enduring aspect of the explosion of such economic activity is the need for "good governance" and the need for governance education in South Africa and the rest of the continent has never been greater. The size of the family business component of the South Aftican economy suggests that it is the predominant way of doing business in South Africa. Of importance to this study is the estimate that approximately 95 % of all Greek businesses in South Africa can be classified as family businesses. The sustainability of Greek family businesses requires that they maintain good governance practices that are economically and environmentally acceptable to all stakeholders. It also requires that the next generation of Greek entrepreneurs balance good governance for the businesses as well as for the family. The primary objective of this study was to identify and explore the internal factors that influence and determine good governance to ensure the survival, growth and sustainability of Greek family businesses in South Africa. The secondary research objectives pertained to the underlying dimensions of good governance and required an exploration of the different governance concerns in relation to specific South African Greek behaviour and characteristics. A theoretical model of good governance factors was proposed and tested using Structural Equation Modeling. The study found that perceived good governance in a South African Greek family business context needs to be measured in terms of three factors, namely risk control, the internal regulatory environment and the protection of the stakeholders' interest. The study dealt further with the secondary sources effecting governance for South African businesses and was based on the latest report by the King Commission. An important finding is that the cross cultural aspect of family business governance must now be considered when conducting such research as more and more emphasis is placed on the good governance of all businesses.
462

The family role on the internationalization process of family businesses: a two-case study

Tavares, Bianca Magnani 07 February 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Bianca Magnani Tavares (bibimagtav@gmail.com) on 2012-03-10T23:36:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 The internationalization process of family business_vfinal_Bianca (1).pdf: 1204982 bytes, checksum: 4cd11c9372fa7cdcaee82778cc01b79f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Gisele Isaura Hannickel (gisele.hannickel@fgv.br) on 2012-03-12T13:38:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 The internationalization process of family business_vfinal_Bianca (1).pdf: 1204982 bytes, checksum: 4cd11c9372fa7cdcaee82778cc01b79f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-03-12T13:40:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 The internationalization process of family business_vfinal_Bianca (1).pdf: 1204982 bytes, checksum: 4cd11c9372fa7cdcaee82778cc01b79f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-07 / This dissertation aims to identify the family role in the internationalization process of two family businesses: JBS, the world’s largest protein producer and Cutrale one of the world’s leader in the orange juice market. Family businesses have characteristics that are intrinsic to this type of firms. Many of the internationalization reasons or even the way they internationalize has several characteristics that are common among other family businesses. Therefore, through a qualitative research the two case studies were analyzed based on the internationalization and family businesses theories. However, in those companies the role of the family was not a key role on the firms’ internationalization processes. This aroused questions such as whether the size and/ or industry of the company had an impact on the family’s role on the internationalization process of the business. These questions were not the focus of this study but are subsidies for future research. / Essa dissertação procura identificar o papel da família no processo de internacionalização de dois negócios familiares: JBS, a maior empresa de proteína animal do mundo e Cutrale um dos líderes mundiais no mercado de suco de laranja. Empresas familiares possuem características que são intrínsecas a esse tipo de empresa. Muitos dos motivos de se internacionalizar ou mesmo o modo como eles se internacionalizam podem ser extremamente característicos. Assim, através de uma pesquisa qualitativa, os dois estudos de caso foram analisados baseados em teorias de internacionalização de empresas familiares. Porém, nessas companhias estudadas, a família não desempenhou um papel relevante no processo de internacionalização das mesmas. Com esses resultados, questões surgiram, como por exemplo, se o tamanho ou segmento da empresa tiveram um impacto na importância do papel que a família possui no processo de internacionalização. Essas questões não eram o foco do estudo porém fornecem muitos subsídios para uma próxima pesquisa.
463

Internacionalização de instituições financeiras de língua espanhola e portuguesa

Alvarez, João Fábio Meggiolaro 07 February 2014 (has links)
Submitted by João Fábio Meggiolaro Alvarez (joaofma@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-03-08T00:51:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Internacionalização_Instituições_Financeiras_de_Línguas_Espanhola_e_Portuguesa.pdf: 488305 bytes, checksum: ab3227e0a879c3cd90b5857ab31236fb (MD5) / Rejected by JOANA MARTORINI (joana.martorini@fgv.br), reason: Correção no titulo do trabalho. on 2014-03-10T12:06:39Z (GMT) / Submitted by João Fábio Meggiolaro Alvarez (joaofma@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-03-10T12:19:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Internacionalização_Instituições_Financeiras_Língua_Espanhola_Portuguesa.pdf: 488019 bytes, checksum: 540a1f56039923cfe12f511d02f5ad2e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by JOANA MARTORINI (joana.martorini@fgv.br) on 2014-03-10T12:21:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Internacionalização_Instituições_Financeiras_Língua_Espanhola_Portuguesa.pdf: 488019 bytes, checksum: 540a1f56039923cfe12f511d02f5ad2e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-03-10T12:45:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Internacionalização_Instituições_Financeiras_Língua_Espanhola_Portuguesa.pdf: 488019 bytes, checksum: 540a1f56039923cfe12f511d02f5ad2e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-07 / O objetivo do artigo é determinar quais são as variáveis que impactam a escolha de um país para operar no processo de internacionalização de bancos de língua espanhola e portuguesa. Além disso, o artigo busca identificar se há diferenças nestas variáveis para bancos públicos e privados. A amostra é composta por 141 bancos com operações em 59 países e, utilizando um modelo logite, conclui-se que estes bancos operam em países com maior integração comercial e linguística ao seu de origem, além de serem próximos entre si, e com maior oportunidade de crescimento. A internacionalização seria feita, principalmente, por bancos maiores e aponta que há diferenças na magnitude do impacto das variáveis entre bancos públicos e privados. / The objective of this paper is to determine which variables impact the choice of a country to operate in the process of internationalization of Spanish and Portuguese speaking banks. Furthermore, the article seeks to compare the possible differences in these variables for public and private banks. The sample consists of 141 banks operating in 59 countries and, using a logit model, concludes that these banks choose countries with greater trade integration and language to their countries, and are closer to each other, and with more opportunity for growth. The internationalization would be mainly taken by larger banks and points out that there are differences in the magnitude of the impact of variables between public and private banks.
464

Os desafios para o uso do planejamento estratégico nas organizações públicas: uma visão de especialistas

Ota, Eric Tatsuya 29 April 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Eric Tatsuya Ota (eric.ota@fgv.br) on 2014-06-02T14:28:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertaçãoMAP - Eric Tatsuya Ota_2014.pdf: 1265198 bytes, checksum: b51983b904917c910e09cfec70c1c5ba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2014-06-02T17:10:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertaçãoMAP - Eric Tatsuya Ota_2014.pdf: 1265198 bytes, checksum: b51983b904917c910e09cfec70c1c5ba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2014-06-11T13:14:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertaçãoMAP - Eric Tatsuya Ota_2014.pdf: 1265198 bytes, checksum: b51983b904917c910e09cfec70c1c5ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T13:15:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertaçãoMAP - Eric Tatsuya Ota_2014.pdf: 1265198 bytes, checksum: b51983b904917c910e09cfec70c1c5ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-29 / The purpose of this research was to study the challenges to the use of strategic planning in public organizations, from the point of view of specialist of the subject. Based on the literature of strategic planning and public administration was sought the theoretical framework of the limitations and barriers to the use of strategic planning in public organizations. The data were collected from interviews with public managers, who have worked directly with strategic planning in their public organization, and also, interviews with specialists in public management (academics and public management consulters). As a result of this analysis were indentified five dimensions that grouped the challenges to the use of strategic planning in public organizations: (1) Ensure engagement and commitment from all the people involved with the strategic planning; (2) Understand that the decision process must consider different perceptions and expectations; (3) Have flexibility to deal with political factors and turnovers; (4) Have sensibility with the organization culture and the principles of the public administration; (5) Understand the dynamic of the provision of human and financial resources at the public organizations. / O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar os desafios para o uso do planejamento estratégico em organizações públicas. Com base na literatura sobre planejamento estratégico e administração pública, buscou-se o arcabouço teórico das limitações e barreiras para o uso do planejamento estratégico em organizações públicas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com administradores públicos que lidam diretamente com o planejamento estratégico em suas organizações públicas, além de entrevistas com especialistas em gestão pública (acadêmicos e prestadores de assessoria técnica em gestão). Como resultado da análise, foram identificadas cinco dimensões que agrupam os principais desafios para o uso do planejamento estratégico em organizações públicas: (1) Garantir engajamento e compromisso dos envolvidos com o planejamento estratégico; (2) Compreender que processo decisório deve considerar diferentes percepções e expectativas; (3) Ter flexibilidade para lidar com fatores políticos e a rotatividade; (4) Ter sensibilidade com a cultura organizacional e princípios da administração pública; e (5) Compreender a dinâmica do provimento dos recursos humanos e financeiros das organizações públicas.
465

Análise do modo de expansão recente das multinacionais no Brasil sob a ótica da teoria dos ativos complementares

Sampaio, Juliana Silva de Carvalho 26 January 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Juliana Sampaio (jsampaio82@gmail.com) on 2015-02-23T14:50:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Juliana Sampaio - Versão Final.pdf: 553042 bytes, checksum: 5f5e442204c8a6a912bf21c01f7868fe (MD5) / Rejected by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br), reason: Prezada Juliana, boa noite Seu trabalho foi rejeitado por não estar de acordo com as normas da ABNT. Encaminhei por e-mail o que deve ser alterado (Somente alguns detalhes). Att Renata on 2015-02-23T22:52:02Z (GMT) / Submitted by Juliana Sampaio (jsampaio82@gmail.com) on 2015-02-23T23:59:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Juliana Sampaio - Versão Final.pdf: 553115 bytes, checksum: c7d8f3a68dcbf604051728b13fc52f6f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br) on 2015-02-24T00:18:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Juliana Sampaio - Versão Final.pdf: 553115 bytes, checksum: c7d8f3a68dcbf604051728b13fc52f6f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-24T13:41:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Juliana Sampaio - Versão Final.pdf: 553115 bytes, checksum: c7d8f3a68dcbf604051728b13fc52f6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-26 / O presente estudo analisa o modo de expansão das multinacionais no Brasil, país emergente e de dimensões continentais que apresenta enormes desigualdades regionais. Assim, foram analisadas as estratégias de expansão dos dez maiores grupos estadunidenses no Brasil entre 2004 e 2013, sob a ótica das teorias tradicionais de internacionalização e da teoria dos ativos complementares de Hennart. Verificou-se que as diferentes características regionais brasileiras levam as multinacionais a realizarem aquisições quando iniciam atividades em novas regiões. Ademais, foi constatado que outros fatores, como dificuldades intrínsecas aos setores de atuação e a entrada do grupo multinacional em novas atividades que não a sua predominante, afetam o modo de expansão das multinacionais, levando-as a realizar aquisições e joint ventures. Tais aquisições e joint ventures são explicadas pela dificuldade das multinacionais em acessar ativos complementares locais, em conformidade à teoria de Hennart. Por outro lado, e em contrariedade às teorias tradicionais, foi verificado que a experiência das multinacionais no Brasil nem sempre influencia o seu comprometimento nos países hospedeiros, levando ao estabelecimento de subsidiárias integrais. / This work analyzes the expansion decision made by multinational groups in Brazil, an emerging nation showing sizeable regional differences. We analyzed the expansion strategies of the 10 major US groups in Brazil between 2004 and 2013 based on traditional local internationalization theories and Hennart’s bundling model. We found evidence that the different Brazilian regional characteristics cause multinationals to carry out acquisitions when they need to enter in a new region. Also, we found that Brazilian market factors such as concentration, growth, industries’ intrinsic features and the engagement in new activities affect the expansion mode of multinationals, causing such corporations to carry out acquisitions and establish joint ventures. The acquisitions and joint ventures are explained by the difficulty in obtaining access to local complementary assets in these specific cases, a result in line with Hennart's assertions. On the other hand, we noticed that the experience of multinationals in Brazil not always influences its commitment in the host countries and gives rise to the establishment of wholly-owned subsidiaries.
466

Análise do impacto de variáveis eleitorais sobre o crédito e provisões de bancos públicos federais

Leite, Guilherme Silveira 17 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Guilherme Silveira Leite (guilherme.silveira.leite@gmail.com) on 2016-03-09T03:49:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Guilherme_Leite.pdf: 761355 bytes, checksum: 943adb2f7b300c89b8c6a6dd02dbd45d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br) on 2016-03-10T16:13:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Guilherme_Leite.pdf: 761355 bytes, checksum: 943adb2f7b300c89b8c6a6dd02dbd45d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-10T16:16:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Guilherme_Leite.pdf: 761355 bytes, checksum: 943adb2f7b300c89b8c6a6dd02dbd45d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-17 / The objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of electoral variables, such as political alignment and election years, in the public federal banks behavior. Using banking and electoral data for Brazilian municipalities, panel regressions are made in order to identify the credit and loss provisions pattern in political aligned cities through the electoral cycle. By the tests we found no evidence of credit or loss provisions increase related to the electoral variables, results that do not support the political use of public banks hypothesis. / O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se a atuação dos bancos públicos federais é impactada por variáveis eleitorais como o alinhamento político e períodos de eleição. Utilizando dados de crédito bancário e dados eleitorais dos municípios brasileiros, são feitas regressões em painel para identificar o comportamento do crédito e das provisões dos bancos públicos federais em cidades politicamente alinhadas ao governo federal ao longo do ciclo eleitoral. Pelos testes realizados, não encontramos evidências de aumento da concessão do crédito ou de aumento das provisões relacionadas às variáveis eleitorais, resultados que não corroboram a hipótese de uso político dos bancos públicos.
467

The impact of corruption on the performance of state-owned companies: case of Petrobras Brasil

Pedersen, Amélie 14 April 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Amelie Pedersen (ameliepedersen22@hotmail.com) on 2016-05-09T20:36:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Amelie Pedersen - The Impact of Corruption on the Performance of State-owned Companies - Case of Petrobras Brasil 14-04-2016 VF.pdf: 1430141 bytes, checksum: 82b174df20d7a214894eb1544bfc9f55 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Luiza Holme (ana.holme@fgv.br) on 2016-05-10T12:25:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Amelie Pedersen - The Impact of Corruption on the Performance of State-owned Companies - Case of Petrobras Brasil 14-04-2016 VF.pdf: 1430141 bytes, checksum: 82b174df20d7a214894eb1544bfc9f55 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-10T12:29:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Amelie Pedersen - The Impact of Corruption on the Performance of State-owned Companies - Case of Petrobras Brasil 14-04-2016 VF.pdf: 1430141 bytes, checksum: 82b174df20d7a214894eb1544bfc9f55 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-14 / State-owned companies are often considered as crucial components of a country’s economy. They are responsible for the creation of numerous jobs and are often providing essential services that require heavy capital investment. However, in countries with weak institutions where the accountability of politicians is poor and the management of SOEs’ financial resources undergo little control, officials are often inclined towards corruption. Huge amounts of public funds are easily diverted, and money which should have been invested in capital expenditure, in paying back company debt or in increasing shareholder return, are used to increase private patrimony or illegally fund political parties. Company performance suffers from such divestments as parts of the company’s profits are not reinvested in the company and as managers’ incentives are unaligned with shareholder interests. Petrobras, Latin America’s biggest company in terms of assets and annual revenues, suffered in 2014 and 2015 from an immense corruption scandal the economic impact of which is considerable, as investor confidence in Brazil weakened following the event. The scandal exposed an extensive corruption scheme through which contractors were colluding to increase prices of construction contracts, with the approval of Petrobras’ management who required in return either personal gains or funds for the Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT). The exposure of the scandal in the Brazilian press has had a great impact on Petrobras’ credibility as a firm: the company’s accounts were hiding immense irregularities as it had been paying too much for construction contracts which weren’t priced at market value. Throughout this paper, we will use the example of Petrobras to illustrate how corruption within State-Owned companies undermines company’s performance and how it impacts the company’s various stakeholders. / As empresas estatais são freqüentemente consideradas como componentes cruciais da economia de um país. Eles são responsáveis pela criação de vários postos de trabalho e proveem serviços essenciais que exigem um grande investimento de capital. Porém, em países com instituições fracas, onde a responsabilidade dos políticos é limitada e a gestão dos recursos financeiros das empresas estatais sofre pouco controle, os funcionários são muitas vezes tentados pela corrupção. Enormes quantidades de fundos públicos são facilmente desviados, e dinheiro que deveria ter sido investido nas despesas de capital, no pagamento de dívida da empresa ou no aumento do retorno para os acionistas, é usado para aumentar a riqueza privada de indivíduos ou para financiar ilegalmente partidos políticos. O desempenho da empresa sofre com essas alienações visto que parte dos lucros da empresa não são reinvestidos na empresa e dado que incentivos dos gestores estão desalinhados com os interesses dos acionistas. Petrobras, a maior empresa da América Latina em termos de ativos e receitas anuais, sofreu em 2014 e 2015 um escândalo de corrupção imenso, cujo impacto económico foi considerável, levando ao enfraquecimento da confiança de muitos investidores no Brasil após o evento. O escândalo expôs um extenso esquema de corrupção através do qual os contratantes foram conspirando para aumentar os preços de contratos de construção, com a aprovação da administração da Petrobras que pediu em troca ganhos pessoais ou fundos para o Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT). A exposição do escândalo na imprensa brasileira teve um grande impacto sobre a credibilidade da Petrobras: as contas da empresa estavam escondendo imensas irregularidades dado que a empresa tinha pago demais para os contratos de construção que não foram precificados no valor do mercado. Ao longo deste estudo, usamos o exemplo da Petrobras para ilustrar como a corrupção dentro empresas estatais prejudica o desempenho da empresa e como ela afeta as várias partes interessadas da empresa.
468

Privatization of state owned enterprises: arguments and perceptions: the case of TAP and its privatization

Rodrigues, Joana Isabel do Deserto Dias 15 March 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Joana Rodrigues (joanaidrodrigues@hotmail.com) on 2017-03-28T22:18:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE Joana Rodrigues FGV - submissão biblioteca.pdf: 2105716 bytes, checksum: 0f06f58d2abd35c9fd3a20c4f028cd53 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2017-03-31T13:27:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE Joana Rodrigues FGV - submissão biblioteca.pdf: 2105716 bytes, checksum: 0f06f58d2abd35c9fd3a20c4f028cd53 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-12T18:35:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE Joana Rodrigues FGV - submissão biblioteca.pdf: 2105716 bytes, checksum: 0f06f58d2abd35c9fd3a20c4f028cd53 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-15 / Despite being one of the major economic phenomena in recent history, privatization causes received relatively little attention in analysis until quite recently. This qualitative paper summarizes the causes that led to the privatization of state-owned enterprises, with the specific case of TAP Portugal being analyzed. For a better comprehension of the theme, the characteristics and the context of state enterprises creation, as well as the privatization movement and its impacts, were analyzed as well. The general objective of the study is to understand if there are differences between the motivations to privatize and the expectations that TAP Portugal executives and workers have on the matter, therefore using TAP Portugal as the case study to support the analysis. Some interviews were performed to TAP Portugal executive members and workers, and results show that, privatization causes and TAP’s members’ expectations are aligned in some motivations. The intervention of external organisms in managing state enterprises, the necessity of reduction of public sector borrowing requirement, the limited access to capital, the ineffective state administration, bureaucracy concerns, management conditions, lack of investment capacity and the role of the state, are the main conclusions that led TAP to be privatized. / Apesar de ser um dos principais fenómenos económicos da história recente, as causas da privatização receberam relativamente uma análise pouco atenta até recentemente. Este documento qualitativo resume as causas que levaram à privatização das empresas estatais, sendo analisado o caso específico da TAP Portugal. Para uma melhor compreensão do tema, foram analisados as características e o contexto da criação das empresas estatais, bem como o movimento de privatização e seus impactos. O objetivo geral do estudo é compreender se existem diferenças entre as motivações para a privatização e as expectativas que os executivos e trabalhadores da TAP Portugal têm sobre a matéria, utilizando a TAP Portugal como estudo de caso para apoiar a análise. Algumas entrevistas foram realizadas a membros executivos e trabalhadores da TAP Portugal, e os resultados mostram que as causas da privatização e as expectativas dos membros da TAP estão alinhadas em algumas motivações. As principais conclusões que levaram a TAP a ser privatizada são a intervenção de organismos externos na gestão das empresas estatais, a necessidade da redução de financiamento do sector público, o acesso limitado ao capital, a ineficácia da administração Pública, as preocupações burocráticas, as condições de gestão, a falta de capacidade de investimento e o papel do Estado.
469

State capitalism: a comparative study of National Oil Companies (NOCs) between Brazil and China

Dun, Yarui 02 May 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Yarui Dun (yarui0422@gmail.com) on 2017-05-17T19:30:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertation Yarui Dun.pdf: 3370034 bytes, checksum: 0971a3c099bb023b78027e1514037a71 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2017-05-18T14:29:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertation Yarui Dun.pdf: 3370034 bytes, checksum: 0971a3c099bb023b78027e1514037a71 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T17:36:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertation Yarui Dun.pdf: 3370034 bytes, checksum: 0971a3c099bb023b78027e1514037a71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-02 / State capitalism, the statist planning in certain economic sectors, has generated several state-owned enterprises (SOEs) that represent a significant share of activity in the global market. Despite decades of liberalization and privatization in many countries, state ownership and state-led business activity remain widespread; yet new varieties of state capitalism have also emerged. Among these new varieties, state-controlled oil and natural gas entities, also known as nation oil companies (NOCs), represent a type of hybrid organization that specifically deserves scholars’ attention as they dominate the world’s oil & gas industry; yet many of the cases prove to be problematic. The emerging markets possess some of the most important NOC players, yet scant examination has been made to question their appropriateness. This paper presents a contextualized comparison between two NOCs that root in Brazil and China to illustrate how similar and different they are in terms of their ownership style, corporate governance characteristics, and the interactions they have with the host government. We analyzed the findings by matching them with the past theories that offer explanations on NOC performance variation. We concluded that first, regime type is not a dependable factor to indicate the actual state incentives to maintain NOCs, and the goals of state serve only as an equivocate factor in explaining the variation in NOC performances. Secondly, we speculated that due to the absence of a cohesive institutional logic and consistency, Brazil has a fragmented governance system that implies in inappropriateness of state capitalism. Thirdly, we discovered that the unique dynamics between informal and formal institutions in China may justify the better fitness of state capitalism when compared with Brazil. Certain limits to the research method and expectations on further inquiries are also developed.
470

O comportamento do crédito brasileiro no período 2003-2013 : uma análise com modelos estruturais

Lopes, Lucas Ulguim January 2015 (has links)
O presente estudo analisa a evolução, o comportamento e a natureza cíclica do crédito brasileiro no período compreendido entre janeiro de 2003 e dezembro de 2013. Mais especificamente, verifica se a postura da condução da oferta de crédito público, de fato, destoou daquela apresentada pelo crédito privado, especialmente após o advento da crise financeira de 2007/2008. Para tanto, se vale de uma revisão das literaturas nacional e internacional e realiza um resgate histórico dos principais bancos públicos do Brasil – etapa que se dá concomitantemente à análise da evolução do desempenho dos mesmos nos últimos tempos. Com isso, além de se mostrar a performance recente destas instituições, demonstra-se também que, a despeito da redução da participação das instituições bancárias públicas na década de 1990, estas foram decisivas para a melhor reação da economia brasileira frente aos efeitos adversos da crise de 2007/2008 – o que fornece mais indícios da validade do problema de pesquisa e traz, por conseguinte, mais força à hipótese de trabalho. Na sequência, são discutidos alguns aspectos metodológicos no intuito de identificar qual a modelagem econométrica seria a mais adequada para descobrir como os bancos públicos e privados se comportaram no período abordado e, mais especificamente, como eles reagiram após o advento da crise financeira dos subprimes – procurou-se também, uma abordagem que, especificamente, ajudasse a desvendar a natureza cíclica dos créditos privado e público. Nesse sentido, optou-se pela modelagem econométrica denominada de Modelos Estruturais de Espaço de Estados, também conhecida como Modelos de Componentes não-observáveis. Através desta metodologia, foi possível verificar, de maneira endógena, se existiram e quando ocorreram outliers e quebras estruturais nas séries de dados referentes à evolução do crédito brasileiro no período. Os resultados obtidos vieram a corroborar a hipótese de trabalho, mostrando a existência de uma relação negativa e estatisticamente significante entre as variáveis representativas do produto interno bruto e as do crédito público e do crédito total. Dessa maneira, chegou-se à conclusão de que, realmente, o crédito público mostrou características contra-cíclicas no período de 2003 a 2013, especialmente após o ano de 2008 – fato que é reforçado pela ocorrência de quebras de nível positivas neste ano. / This study analyses the evolution, behavior and cyclical nature of the Brazilian credit supply in the period from January 2003 to December 2013. Specifically, it checks if the posture of public credit supply’s conduction has differed, indeed, from the one presented by the private credit, particularly after the financial crisis of 2007-08. For this purpose, this paper reviews national and international literature and performs a historical examination of the main Brazilian state-owned banks – which is presented concomitantly to the analysis of their lately performance’s evolution. Therewith, besides showing these institutions’ recent performance, it also demonstrates that, in spite of the reduction in the state-owned banks participation in the 1990s, these were decisive to the better reaction of the Brazilian economy in the face of the adverse effects of the 2007-08 crisis – which provides further evidence of the research question validity and brings, therefore, strenght to the working hypothesis. In the next step, some methodological aspects are discussed aiming to identify which would be the most appropriate econometric modelling to find out how the public and private banks behaved in this period, and specifically, to discover how they reacted after the subprime financial crisis – in this point, a research was made in order to identify an approach that, particularly, helped to reveal the cyclical nature of private and public credits. It was decided to use an econometric approach called Space-State Modelling, also known as Unobservable Component Models. Through this methodology, it was possible to check, in an endogenous way, if there were – and when they occurred – outliers and structural breaks in the data series referring to the Brazilian credit evolution in the period. The results came to support the working hypothesis, showing the existence of a negative and statistically significant relationship between the variables representing the gross domestic product and the ones representing public credit and the total credit. Thus, it was concluded that the public credit, indeed, showed counter-cyclical characteristics in the period between 2003 and 2013, especially after 2008 – a fact that is reinforced by the occurrence of positive level breaks in this year.

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