A small proportion of people claim to live and consume in ways they consider more sustainable in social and environmental terms. As yet, we do not know how many exactly, but possibly no more than 5-10% of the population. The thesis intentionally focuses on this minority finding there are at least three reasons why it is interesting to do so. First because they are all but ignored in sociologies of practice in the context of sustainable consumption which considers this minority an insignificance and focuses almost exclusively on 'mainstream' majority which more closely maps onto the stereotype of 'consumer society'. Second because we think we can learn much from juxtapositioning this group empirically against the spectrum of theories of practice to devise more robust and appropriate theoretical explanation of how these subjects, in the context of everyday practice, negotiate the many interpretations and contradictions involved in trying to put 'sustainability' into practice. Third because by understanding them better we can reflect on theoretical, empirical and policy implications for nudging this minority of the population to a higher percentage. The thesis sits at one end of a spectrum of positions in theories of practice applied to consumption, and in particular with a normative interest in sustainable consumption. It aligns with those who seek to re-insert the reflexive agent into accounts of practice, with particular reference to the conceptual construct of the 'citizen-consumer' and the context of political consumption (Spaargaren & Oosterveer 2010). Referring to theories of consumption, the thesis adds perspectives on how people negotiate multiple domains of consumption simultaneously since everyday practice involves interactions across multiple domains (such as eating, mobility, householding); and yet typically in theories of practice these are artificially separated into single domains. The study therefore considers the implications which domains have on how particular practices are carried out, first separately (per domain) and then as they come together (in a cross-cutting domain perspective). The study then takes theories of practice as a springboard to develop a theoretical position and framework which better fits the narrated accounts of the 37 subjects who participated in this study. In iteratively co-developing a theoretical framework and multiple 'stages' of empirical research (using grounded theory methodology) the study seeks to explain theoretically how subjects justify their 'doings' (drawing on 'conventions' and 'orders of worth' (Boltanski & Thévenot 2006)); how they appear to muddle through as best they can (introducing 'bricolage' (Lévi-Strauss 1972)); and how subjects appear to devise decision short-cuts when approaching decisions characterised by the multiple contradictions of sustainable consumption and incomplete or 'too much' information (introducing heuristics (Gigerenzer & Gaissmaier 2011)). In joining calls to re-insert the reflexive agent to account for how, when and why subjects enact changes towards trajectories which they consider 'more sustainable' in their own terms, the study takes inspiration from Margaret Archer's morphogenesis approach (1998) and explores her model of multiple modes of reflexivity, announcing certain modes as 'better fitting' conditions of late modernity. The study finally finds that contrary to a notion of the un-reflexive agent, the citizen-consumer is able to articulate visions of the 'good life'. In addition she is able to fold these visions back onto everyday practices performed in the past, present and future, laying out normative guidelines and positive accounts of how to achieve personal or societal well-being and happiness. The overarching positioning of the study is much inspired by Andrew Sayer's (2011; 2000) 'normative turn' calling upon social sciences to re-instate research into the things about which people care. The study is therefore guided by the overarching question of how people translate their environmental and/or social concerns into the ways in which they live and consume.

Wie wollen wir diese hochgradig komplexe soziale Welt von heute verstehen, in der bald über 7 Mrd. Menschen auf vielerlei verschlungenen Kanälen miteinander kommunizieren und interagieren, ohne über eine brauchbare ‚General Theory‘ des gegenwärtigen globalen sozialen Weltsystems zu verfügen? Wie wollen wir verstehen, wie das soziale Weltsystem mit seiner ökologischen Umwelt interagiert, wenn wir über keine brauchbare universelle Theorie verfügen, die hinlänglich präzise erklären könnte, wie die ‚globalen Zustände‘ zustande kamen und kommen? Adornos legitime Erbin argumentiert wider die vorherrschende Meinung, das grandiose Scheitern des Marxismus-Leninismus habe große historische Welterklärungsversuche ein für alle Mal diskreditiert. Aufbauend auf einer akribischen Kritik Anthony Giddens‘ zeitdiagnostischem Spätwerk, entwirft die vorliegende Untersuchung den Bauplan einer ‚Forschungsplattform Anthropogenes Weltsystem‘, die vielleicht irgendwann tatsächlich leisten kann, woran Kritische Theorie bislang noch immer scheiterte: schrittweise das Verständnis schaffen, das geschaffen werden muss, damit die Menschheit hoffen darf, die über kurz oder lang drohende doppelte soziale und ökologische Krisis des 21. Jahrhunderts zu meistern.:Inhalt Vorwort Einleitung Teil I - Intellektuelle Verproviantierung Kapitel 1: Wackere Neue Weltordnung. Trauriges Ende der Geschichte Kapitel 2: Exhumetur in pace, Manifeste der Gerechten Teil II - Der Aufstieg beginnt Kapitel 3: Akronym GTM Kapitel 4: Forschungsprogrammatik Kapitel 5: Rekapitulationen Kapitel 6: Zeitdiagnose (Teil 1) Kapitel 7: Transformationstheorie Kapitel 8: Zeitdiagnose (Teil 2) Kapitel 9: Intermezzo Kapitel 10: Zeitdiagnose (Teil 3) Teil III - Jenseits der Baumgrenze Kapitel 11: Präludium Kapitel 12: Programmatisch. Historiomatisch. Ganzheitlich Kapitel 13: Strukturierung. Macht. Geschichte Kapitel 14: 4 Dimensionen. 4 Bewegungen. 4 Kontrahenten Kapitel 15: Sozial bewegte Alternativen Kapitel 16: Die dicken Balken der Moderne Kapitel 17: Die langen Streben der Moderne Kapitel 18: Die Nuten und Federn der Moderne Kapitel 19: Die Finale der Moderne Schluss Tabellen- und Abbildungsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis

Diese Dissertation aus der Sparte der Reflexiven Bibliometrie erforscht die Rückwirkungen der Verwendung von quantitativen Indikatoren in der Wissenschaftsevaluation auf die Wissensproduktion und Forschungsqualität in der Astronomie. Eine qualitative Analyse der strukturellen Bedingungen der akamdeischen Astronomie anhand des Rational Choice Frameworks führen zur Beobachtung eines "Evaluation Gap" zwischen dem, was Indikatoren messen und dem, was Forscher unter Forschungsqualität verstehen. Die Analyse offenbart weiters einen Balanceakt, in dem Astronomen zwischen Publikationsdruck und Forschungsintegrität Kompromisse finden. Weiterführende quantitative Untersuchungen unter Einbezug von Organisational Culture Theories und Self-Determination Theory zeigen, dass kontrollierte Formen von Motivation zu einem erhöhten Publikationsdruck und wissenschaftlichem Fehlverhalten führen, während autonome Formen von Motivation das Gegenteil bewirken. Schließlich skizziert die Arbeit Wege zur Transformation der Forschungskultur hin zu mehr Vielfalt und Partizipation, einschließlich der Einführung offener Wissensmanagement-Infrastrukturen und kontinuierlicher, reflexiver Evaluationsprozesse. / This dissertation from the field of Reflexive Bibliometrics, investigates the constitutive effects of utilizing quantitative metrics in research evaluation on knowledge production and research quality in astronomy. Embedded in the Rational Choice Framework to analyze the structural conditions within academic astronomy, a qualitative analysis reveals an "Evaluation Gap" between what metrics measure and researchers' perceptions of research quality. Furthermore, the analysis unveils a balancing act where astronomers navigate compromises between publication pressures and research integrity. Subsequent quantitative analyses, incorporating Organizational Culture Theories and Self-Determination Theory, demonstrate that controlled forms of motivation exacerbate publication pressure and scientific misconduct, while autonomous motivations yield contrasting effects. Lastly, the study outlines pathways towards transforming research culture towards greater diversity and participation, including the adoption of open knowledge management infrastructures and continuous, reflexive evaluation processes.

Our modern society is based on a culture of consumption, where individuals are in an on- going search for self-realization through consumption. But in a society with buzz a of commercials and information, a society where media users are getting more critical towards commercialized messages it’s harder for companies to be heard. To be heard, companies need to create messages that their customers choose to listen to. Content marketing is a marketing strategy that aims to do just that. The purpose with this study is to get a deeper understanding of content marketing as a phenomenon within a consumption society by studying IKEAs series Vad gafflar ni om?. The study has a starting point in Bauman’s theories about consumption life, Giddens theories about the reflexive self, Jenkins theories about convergence culture and Faircloughs critical discourse analysis. The critical discourse analysis was made through Faircloughs three-dimensional conception of discourse, which is a model consisting a linguistic analysis of the text, the discourse practise and the social practice. To get a deeper insight in the reception of the text, qualitative interviews with text consumers where also made. The result of the analysis showed that different types of identities and norms where presented by IKEA in the series, which all could be achieved through consumption. The text consumer is most likely influenced by the ideology consumerism, which can be why they agree with how IKEA present different identities. IKEA presents a narrow image of the typical swede, where that are presumed to be middle class and own their own house. A distinct promotion discourse could not be identified, although a consumption discourse was identified throughout the series. The text consumers felt that the content was mostly entertaining and educating, which could be the result of the non-exiting promotional discourse but also the use of an entertaining-genre. The text consumers were also positively disposed by the content that can be, in comparison to Grusells study, because they choose to see it by themselves.

INTRODUCTION : Les soins de première ligne au Québec vivent depuis quelques années une réorganisation importante. Les GMF, les cliniques réseaux, les CSSS, les réseaux locaux de service, ne sont que quelques exemples des nouveaux modes d’organisation qui voient le jour actuellement. La collaboration interprofessionnelle se trouve au cœur de ces changements. MÉTHODOLOGIE : Il s’agit d’une étude de cas unique, effectuée dans un GMF de deuxième vague. Les données ont été recueillies par des entrevues semi-dirigées auprès du médecin responsable du GMF, des médecins et des infirmières du GMF, et du cadre responsable des infirmières au CSSS. Les entrevues se sont déroulées jusqu’à saturation empirique. Des documents concernant les outils cliniques et les outils de communication ont aussi été consultés. RÉSULTATS : À travers un processus itératif touchant les éléments interactionnels et organisationnels, par l’évolution vers une culture différente, des ajustements mutuels ont pu être réalisés et les pratiques cliniques se sont réellement modifiées au sein du GMF étudié. Les participants ont souligné une amélioration de leurs résultats cliniques. Ils constatent que les patients ont une meilleure accessibilité, mais l’effet sur la charge de travail et sur la capacité de suivre plus de patients est évaluée de façon variable. CONCLUSION : Le modèle conceptuel proposé permet d’observer empiriquement les dimensions qui font ressortir la valeur ajoutée du développement de la collaboration interprofessionnelle au sein des GMF, ainsi que son impact sur les pratiques professionnelles. / INTRODUCTION: Primary care in the Province of Quebec has undergone a substantial reorganisation over the last several years, on several fronts. Family Medicine Groups (FMG's), designated medical clinics, regional health boards, and local health networks, are only a few examples of new health care delivery components which have been created during this reorganisation. METHODS: This is a case study based on a single Family Medicine Group created during a second wave of innovation. Data was collected via semi-directed interviews with the head physician of the FMG, the group of physicians and nurses within the FMG, the nursing director of the FMG, and the director of nursing at the regional health board. Interviews were conducted until all available contacts were exhausted. The author also accessed the clinical guidelines and the documents used for communication within the FMG. RESULTS: Practice activities in the FMG did evolve over time as a result of mutual clinical and administrative interactions between nurses and physicians. Participants noted a visible improvement in health outcomes as well as increased accessibility to health care by patients. The impact on physician workload, and overall capacity in terms of number of patients followed, after creation of the FMG, were inconsistent. CONCLUSION: This proposed analytic model allows empiric measurement of the added value of FMG's for the development of inter-professional cooperation, and its impact on professional practices.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Cette thèse s'intéresse à la cohomologie de fibrés en droite sur le fibré cotangent de variétés projectives. Plus précisément, pour $G$ un groupe algébrique simple, connexe et simplement connexe, $P$ un sous-groupe maximal de $G$ et $\omega$ un générateur dominant du groupe de caractères de $P$, on cherche à comprendre les groupes de cohomologie $H^i(T^*(G/P),\mathcal{L})$ où $\mathcal{L}$ est le faisceau des sections d'un fibré en droite sur $T^*(G/P)$. Sous certaines conditions, nous allons montrer qu'il existe un isomorphisme, à graduation près, entre $H^i(T^*(G/P),\mathcal{L})$ et $H^i(T^*(G/P),\mathcal{L}^{\vee})$ Après avoir travaillé dans un contexte théorique, nous nous intéresserons à certains sous-groupes paraboliques en lien avec les orbites nilpotentes. Dans ce cas, l'algèbre de Lie du radical unipotent de $P$, que nous noterons $\nLie$, a une structure d'espace vectoriel préhomogène. Nous pourrons alors déterminer quels cas vérifient les hypothèses nécessaires à la preuve de l'isomorphisme en montrant l'existence d'un $P$-covariant $f$ dans $\comp[\nLie]$ et en étudiant ses propriétés. Nous nous intéresserons ensuite aux singularités de la variété affine $V(f)$. Nous serons en mesure de montrer que sa normalisation est à singularités rationnelles. / In this thesis, we study the cohomology of line bundles on cotangent bundle of projective varieties. To be more precise, let $G$ be an semisimple algebraic group which is simply connected, $P$ a maximal subgroup and $\omega$ a dominant weight that generates the character group of $P$. Our goal is to understand the cohomology groups $H^i(T^*(G/P),\mathcal{L})$ where $\mathcal{L}$ is the sheaf of sections of a line bundle on $T^*(G/P)$. Under some conditions, we will show that there exists an isomorphism, up to grading, between $H^i(T^*(G/P),\mathcal{L})$ and $H^i(T^*(G/P),\mathcal{L}^{\vee})$. After we worked in a theoretical setting, we will focus on maximal parabolic subgroups related to nilpotent varieties. In this case, the Lie algebra of the unipotent radical of $P$ has a structure of prehomogeneous vector spaces. We will be able to determine which cases verify the hypothesis of the isomorphism by showing the existence of a $P$-covariant $f$ in $\comp[\nLie]$ and by studying its properties. We will be interested by the singularities of the affine variety $V(f)$. We will show that the normalisation of $V(f)$ has rational singularities.

La présente thèse s’insère dans le domaine de la recherche exploratoire sur les enjeux didactiques de la formation initiale et continue des enseignants d’anglais L2 dans le contexte algérien : entre les objectifs institutionnels et les attentes des enseignants. L’étude s’intéresse à la formation initiale et continue des futurs enseignants telle qu’elle est prescrite par la tutelle et telle qu’elle est mise en œuvre par l’institut de formation. Appuyée sur les données collectées à partir des différents outils utilisés à cet effet, à savoir quatre questionnaires, deux interviews et l’analyse du cursus de formation, la recherche met en lumière le décalage qui existe entre le prescriptif et le descriptif de la formation. Le monde dans lequel nous vivons est en perpétuelle métamorphose ; celui de l’éducation l’est autant. Les changements et les réformes auxquelles nous assistons ces temps-ci sont dictés par le seul souci de bien-faire, dans le cadre de la mondialisation. Néanmoins, les réformes entamées dans le système éducatif algérien ne peuvent atteindre leurs objectifs que si elles sont menées de manière réfléchie, intelligente, méthodique et rationnelle. Dans une société en pleine transformation, la formation professionnelle des enseignants s’avère une nécessité urgente. Ces enseignants doivent développer une pratique réflexive : une posture fondamentale, parce que la capacité d’innover, de négocier et de réguler leur pratique passe impérativement par une réflexion sur l’expérience, favorisant la construction de savoirs nouveaux. / The present thesis fits into the field of the exploratory research on the didactical issues of the initial and in-service trainings of teachers of English as a foreign language in the Algerian context: between institutional objectives and the teachers’ expectations. The study focuses on the initial and in-service trainings of the future teachers as it is required by the employer and as it is carried out by the training institute. Founded on the collected data from the various tools used for the purpose, namely the questionnaires, the interviews and the initial training curriculum analysis, the research highlights/sheds light on the gap between the prescriptive and the descriptive trainings. The world in which we live is in perpetual metamorphosis that of education is the same. The changes and reforms we are witnessing these days are dictated solely by the desire to do well in the context of globalization. Nevertheless, the reforms undertaken in the Algerian educational system cannot achieve their goals unless they are conducted in a thoughtful, intelligent, methodical and rational manner. In a changing society, training of professional teachers is an urgent need. These professional teachers have to develop reflective practice, a basic posture, because the ability to innovate, negotiate and its practice necessarily involves a reflection on experience, encouraging the construction of new knowledge

L’apprentissage des Langues Étrangères a pris une place indispensable dans l’éducation. Avec la mondialisation, différents pays, notamment en Europe et en Amérique, sont contraints de mettre en place des programmes éducatifs pour le développement des compétences communicatives des citoyens dans le but de s’insérer dans l’économie globale. En Colombie, le contexte auquel s’intéresse notre étude, le gouvernement cherche à renforcer l’apprentissage de l’anglais LE. Dans ce but, le Plan National de Bilinguisme (PNB) a été instauré et a entraîné la conception d’objectifs qui ne peuvent être atteints qu’avec de profonds changements dans la pratique professionnelle des enseignants, des acteurs éducatifs et dans l’organisation des établissements scolaires. La présente thèse porte sur les enjeux de cette politique linguistique par rapport au développement professionnel des enseignants d’anglais et à la réalité des contextes éducatifs. Elle porte aussi sur l’impact de l’adoption du Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les langues (CECR) comme document de base du PNB. Notre étude, qui s’inscrit dans le domaine de la recherche exploratoire, vise à décrire et comprendre le processus de mise en place du PNB et de l’adhésion du CECR. Nous avons procédé à l’application de différents outils pour le recueil de données – à savoir, l’analyse documentaire, l’entretien semidirectif / compréhensif et le questionnaire – auprès de 13 responsables du développement professionnel et 36 enseignants d’anglais, surtout des régions du Valle del Cauca (ouest) et Cundinamarca (centre). Les données recueillies sont analysées et discutées en vue d’apporter des informations sur la mise en place de la réforme, sur les points de vue des acteurs impliqués, les difficultés rencontrées, et sur le rapport objectives théoriques et réalités d’application. Les résultats obtenus rendent compte de la complexité de mettre en œuvre une politique linguistique cherchant à standardiser les processus d’enseignement-apprentissage des langues étrangères dans un contexte tel que le colombien. Ils nous fournissent des pistes de réflexion sur les besoins urgents de formations, de pratiques réflexives et d’un empowerment chez les enseignants. / Learning Foreign Languages has taken a prominent position in the education field. With globalization, countries, mostly in Europe and America are required to set up educational programs for the development of communicative skills of citizens, to have a place into the global economy. In Colombia, the context in which our study was conducted, the government seeks to reinforce the learning of English FL. To this end, the National Bilingual Program (NBP) established and led the design of objectives that can only be achieved with reflective changes in the professional practice of teachers, the organization of the educational stakeholders and schools. The framework or our research is focused on the stakes of the language policy in relation to professional development of English teachers and the reality of educational contexts. It also looks at the impact of the adoption of the European Framework of Reference for Languages (EFRL) as the basic document of NBP. Our study, is part of an exploratory research, that attempts to describe and understand the implementation process of the NPB and the accession to the CEFR. We proceeded by applying a variety of data collection tools -namely, document analysis, semi-structured/comprehensive interview and questionnaire- with 13 teacher trainers and directors of professional development programs. and 36 English teachers, especially from the regions of Valle del Cauca (west) and Cundinamarca (center). The collected data are analyzed and discussed to provide information on the implementation of the reform, on the views of stakeholders involved, the difficulties encountered and the relation of theoretical objectives and school settings. The outcomes reflect the complexity of implementing a language policy seeking to standardize the process of teaching and learning of foreign languages in a context such as Colombia. This results provide valuable insights on the urgent professional development needs, reflective practices and the empowerment of teachers.

Tratando música e performance violonística como um problema a ser resolvido e procurando por ferramentas que facilitassem o processo de solução de problemas a presente pesquisa levantou vários conceitos em outras áreas do conhecimento, notadamente o Pensamento Divergente de Joy P. Guilford (1950), o Método Científico (principalmente a partir de Tang, 1984), o Pensamento Reflexivo de John Dewey (1933), o Brainstorm de Alex F. Osborn e a Heurística (segundo Duailibi e Simonsen, 1990) e os aplicou à obra selecionada, a saber, os 12 Estudos para Violão de Francisco Mignone (1897-1986), criando inúmeras soluções de execução de suas passagens, expressas pelos 875 exemplos musicais contidos na tese, no intuito de demonstrar como estes conceitos podem auxiliar na solução de problemas violonísticos. O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Código de Financiamento 001. / By considering music and musical performance as a problem to be solved and searching ways of facilitate this problem-solving process this research gathered many concepts or tools of problem solving as the Divergent Thinking by Joy P. Guilford (1950), the Scientific Method (mainly based in Tang, 1984), the Reflexive Thinking by John Dewey (1933), Brainstorm by Alex F. Osborn and the Heuristic (mainly by Duailibi and Simonsen, 1990) and applied then to the selected work, the 12 Guitar Studies by Francisco Mignone (1897-1986). With this approach many solutions where created for it\'s passages, and where expressed by 875 musical exemples, wishing to demonstrate how this concepts can assist the guitar problem solving process. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001.