Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:30:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thiago Ribeiro de Freitas.pdf: 1283715 bytes, checksum: dca9bc7ffa97f6121b151403b7dc9cc6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-12 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Science is a collective activity that goes beyond the boundaries of the laboratory and involves a heterogeneous network of people and elements in a constant negotiation of power. To elect stem cells as a case study, we assume that these cells are located in a controversial field. That is, issues such as stem cell research are located in the center of a convergence of opposing logics: on one hand, the subject is driven by hope, and on the other, the subject is tempered by the logic of truth. Thus, focusing on the dissemination of science in the media, we chose to analyze three media vehicles considering their differences from the audience for whom they were directed. We selected the Pesquisa FAPESP periodical because it is a means of disseminating science to researchers; the periodical Ciência Hoje due to being a form of divulgation for a common public consumer of news stemming from the science; and the journal Folha de S. Paulo as an example of media aimed at the collective public in general. Thus, we seek to understand the visibility of stem cell research in these different media sources. Through the material offered in the newspaper Folha de S. Paul, we seek to understand in a time perspective, the news about the technique, the regulation and use of stem cells in their research field. Finally, we select some articles for analysis, which conveyed information on advances in techniques for obtaining stem cells and we contrast the regimes of truth with regimes of hope present in the arguments presented by the media. Such media were understood as documents of public domain and were analyzed according to the concepts from the perspective of discursive practices. The media understood as discursive practices are important in the construction and circulation of repertoires in our society and, as language in action, always have consequences. Thus, the scientific mediation, as pointed out by Latour (1994), rather than as a simple diffusion, is endowed with the ability to translate what it carries; resetting it, breaking it down or even betraying it / A ciência é uma atividade coletiva que extrapola as fronteiras do laboratório e que envolve uma rede heterogênea de pessoas e elementos em uma constante negociação de forças. Ao elegermos as células-tronco como estudo de caso, partimos do pressuposto de que tais células estão situadas em um campo controverso. Isto é, temas como células-tronco estão localizados no centro de uma convergência de lógicas opostas. De um lado, o assunto é impulsionado pela esperança e, de outro, é refreado pela lógica da verdade. Desse modo, tendo como foco a divulgação da ciência na mídia, elegemos para análise três veículos midiáticos considerando suas diferenças a partir do público para o qual eram direcionados. Selecionamos a revista Pesquisa FAPESP pelo fato de ser um meio de divulgação científica para pesquisadores; a revista Ciência Hoje, por ser uma forma de divulgação para um público leigo consumidor de notícias advindas da ciência; e, o jornal Folha de S. Paulo, como um exemplo de mídia voltada ao público leigo em geral. Dessa forma, buscamos entender a visibilidade das pesquisas com células-tronco nesses distintos veículos de comunicação e, por meio das matérias do jornal Folha de S. Paulo, buscamos compreender em uma perspectiva temporal, as notícias sobre a técnica, a regulação e os usos no campo das células-tronco. Por fim, selecionamos algumas matérias para análise, que veiculavam informações sobre avanços nas técnicas de obtenção de células-tronco e contrastamos os regimes de verdade com os regimes de esperança presentes nos argumentos apresentados pelas mídias. Tais mídias foram compreendidas como documentos de domínio público e foram analisadas de acordo com os conceitos da perspectiva das práticas discursivas. As mídias tomadas como práticas discursivas são importantes na construção e na circulação de repertórios em nossa sociedade e, como linguagem em ação, sempre produzem consequências. Dessa forma, a mediação científica, como aponta Latour (1994), mais do que como uma simples difusão, é dotada da capacidade de traduzir aquilo que ela transporta, de redefini-lo, de desdobrá-lo, ou até de traílo

Climate science and the effective public communication of it havebecome increasingly vital in a world that is changing atan unprecedentedrate. For many scientists and journalists, the Internet hasgrown to be the preferred medium of climate science communication. As the issues thattextsabout climate changedeal with are ratherpressing, it is crucial that thescientific knowledge is recontextualized for non-expert audiencesin the mosteffectiveand engaging way. Science communicatorshave rhetorical strategiesof recontextualization and discursive strategies of newsworthinessat their disposal to achieve the desired science communicationand ultimately createan inclusive and engaging discourse with theirreaders. This qualitative study is a comparative analysis of two different typesof writers:scientists and journalists. The analysis of onlinetexts about climate change, written by these two types of writers, showsthat scientists and journalists employ many of the same strategies.Nonetheless, the findings reveal distinct differences in how extensively certain strategies are/ are not used.Generally, the scientists recontextualized the scientific knowledge in a more personalizedand inclusivemanner. The journalists, in turn, made use of more discursive strategies of newsworthiness. This qualitative comparative studyalsoprovides a novel analytical framework for further studies of the same kind.

Orientador: Vera Regina Toledo Camargo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T22:54:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_MarcelStefanoTavaresMarquesda_M.pdf: 16059261 bytes, checksum: f32ee70736c062801100057818b459bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa inventariou a presença de ciência e tecnologia no espaço cotidiano publicado por 15 jornais do interior do Estado de São Paulo, sendo que 14 deles são afiliados à Associação Paulista de Jornais (APJ). Analisou as diferentes regiões que receberam a cobertura desses 15 jornais na publicação das notícias científicas. O cenário do Interior do Estado de São Paulo (Brasil) é representado por uma região dividida socioeconomicamente com diferentes cadeias produtivas e especificidades tecnológicas que podem influenciar de alguma forma na divulgação científica nos jornais. Juntos, esses periódicos estudados atingem 7,2 milhões de habitantes somente nas 15 cidades-sedes (não considerando as cidades de influência das áreas de desenvolvimento) e 15,4 milhões de pessoas somadas as cidades de influência das macrorregiões. A tiragem diária destes supera os 200 mil exemplares. No domingo, essa tiragem somada ultrapassa os 380 mil exemplares. O objetivo da pesquisa foi compreender como a ciência está presente nestes jornais. O estudo foi realizado em duas etapas. A primeira foi realizada no período de 14 a 20 de setembro de 2009, analisando toda a edição publicada pelos jornais. A segunda etapa compreendeu o mês de setembro de 2009 e setembro de 2010 com a análise feita apenas das páginas de ciência. Utilizando a metodologia da Análise de Conteúdo e do Jornalismo Comparado apresentamos como o jornalismo regional estabelece suas relações com a divulgação científica / Abstract: This paper inventoried the presence of Science and Technology in everyday publishing of 15 regional newspapers in Sao Paulo State, 14 of them being affiliated to Sao Paulo Newspapers Association (APJ). It has examined the different regions that receive coverage of the 15 newspapers in the publication of scientific news. The Scenario of Upstate Sao Paulo (Brazil) is a socioeconomically divided region with different productive chains and technological specificities that can somehow influence scientific publication in newspapers. Together these newspapers to be studied reach 7.2 million inhabitants in the 15 office cities only (not considering the influenced cities of the development areas) and 15.4 million people adding the macro regions influenced cities. The daily circulation reaches more than 200,000 copies. On Sundays, they print together over 400,000 papers. The objective of this research was to understand how Science is present in these papers. The study was conducted in two stages. The first one was held from 14 to 20 September 2009, analyzing the entire edition published by the newspapers. The second stage comprehended months of September 2009 and September 2010 with the analysis of Science pages only. Using Content Analysis and Comparative Journalism methodology we show how regional press establishes its relations with Popularization of Science / Mestrado / Divulgação Científica e Cultural / Mestre em Divulgação Científica e Cultural

<p>In the beginning of this millennium the increasing level of work related illness was de-scribed, in the public debate, as one of the most serious and costly social problems of our times. An important question in the present study is whether or not the newspapers contributed to make their readers, the politicians and other social actors aware of this vast and growing problem.</p><p>Thus, the main purpose was to find out the extent of the news media coverage on occupational health/ill-health in Swedish newspapers in the end of the 1990s, and the ways in which the topic was framed. Furthermore the intent was to produce a better and deeper understanding of the factors influencing the coverage.</p><p>Theoretically the study draws on framing theory. Framing here refers to the process through which complex issues are reduced to journalistically manageable dimensions in the construction of news stories, resulting in a text, a news story that presents and high-lights some aspects and perspectives of the perceived reality but not others.</p><p>A combination of research methods was used - A content and frame analysis of six months of occupational health coverage in seven newspapers; an interview study with journalists and their scientific sources about the news production; a one week’s news-room study aimed at observing the everyday production of news; and finally, a short email survey directed to the editorial staff at the examined news papers, with the purpose to get some indication on how the coverage of occupational health was organised and prioritized at the different newspapers.</p><p>In the empirical analysis the newspapers´ picturing of occupational health/ill-health was compared with picture emerging from official statistics on occupational sickness and injury. In many respects a deviation was found between the two. Furthermore, simi-larities and differences in content between different newspapers, between different news sections and between news stories written by journalists of different sex, were examined.</p><p>A key finding is that the Swedish newspapers did not draw their readers’ attention to the extensive and growing problem at the places of work. A majority of the stories related to occupational health/ill-health were episodic, and treated the issues as isolated and random events rather than predictable and preventable problems, although there were also more thematic articles written during special circumstances. The results indicate that a primary cause of the topics low priority in the newspapers was that the coverage of occupational health/ill-health had not been integrated into the journalistic routines.</p>

In the beginning of this millennium the increasing level of work related illness was de-scribed, in the public debate, as one of the most serious and costly social problems of our times. An important question in the present study is whether or not the newspapers contributed to make their readers, the politicians and other social actors aware of this vast and growing problem. Thus, the main purpose was to find out the extent of the news media coverage on occupational health/ill-health in Swedish newspapers in the end of the 1990s, and the ways in which the topic was framed. Furthermore the intent was to produce a better and deeper understanding of the factors influencing the coverage. Theoretically the study draws on framing theory. Framing here refers to the process through which complex issues are reduced to journalistically manageable dimensions in the construction of news stories, resulting in a text, a news story that presents and high-lights some aspects and perspectives of the perceived reality but not others. A combination of research methods was used - A content and frame analysis of six months of occupational health coverage in seven newspapers; an interview study with journalists and their scientific sources about the news production; a one week’s news-room study aimed at observing the everyday production of news; and finally, a short email survey directed to the editorial staff at the examined news papers, with the purpose to get some indication on how the coverage of occupational health was organised and prioritized at the different newspapers. In the empirical analysis the newspapers´ picturing of occupational health/ill-health was compared with picture emerging from official statistics on occupational sickness and injury. In many respects a deviation was found between the two. Furthermore, simi-larities and differences in content between different newspapers, between different news sections and between news stories written by journalists of different sex, were examined. A key finding is that the Swedish newspapers did not draw their readers’ attention to the extensive and growing problem at the places of work. A majority of the stories related to occupational health/ill-health were episodic, and treated the issues as isolated and random events rather than predictable and preventable problems, although there were also more thematic articles written during special circumstances. The results indicate that a primary cause of the topics low priority in the newspapers was that the coverage of occupational health/ill-health had not been integrated into the journalistic routines.

Thesis (MA (Journalism))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Moral questions arising from advances in science and technology are proliferating exponentially. Much controversy surrounds the ways in which biotechnology is used to eradicate a vast range of diseases and injuries. Stem cell research is one such way. Throughout the world stem cell research has been met with varying responses that range from opposition and criticism to approval and advocacy. As a result, it has attracted significant attention from the news media. The media have been accused of bias by focusing only on the controversial aspects of the research as opposed to reporting fully and fairly on the remarkable scientific advances. In this study I look at the patterns of media attention paid to stem cell research in the international weekly magazine Time between November 1998 and September 2005 inclusive. Contrary to the results expected on the basis of my literature study which pointed out the notion that the media tend to focus on sensational news more than non-controversial issues, I found that Time did a fair job in reporting on the scientific aspects of stem cell research. The percentage content of articles by year, focusing on scientific information of stem cells, dominated other news frames. The two years following the 2000 and 2004 American presidential elections, are however marked by the dominance of policy frames. This study found that Time covered controversial issues like embryonic stem cell research, public funding debates and political policy development in direct relation to their rise and fall on the political agenda in the United States.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:16:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3008.pdf: 1357654 bytes, checksum: 1eeb7c10aa286842a845b4df69e5c89f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-25 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / From a diagnosis according to which there is a gap between common people and the research and development institutions, some studies in the public communication of science aim to gather solutions for reducing it a process in which journalism may be a key tool. This paper aims to analyze science reportages published in three magazines Ciência Hoje, Pesquisa Fapesp and piauí that have narrative aspects. Since the press uses many strategies to bring its public closer to science, we assume that the immersion reportage, using literary techniques, may be a way to achieve it. This research explores the narrative and discourse construction in science journalism and how the pieces handle polyphonic discourses, in order to identify literary journalism characteristics, diversity of themes and approaches to science, as well as to select some procedures which science reporters may use in newscovering. Our corpus was analyzed in a qualitative approache according to Bakhtin s discourse theories and the propositions of Science, Technology and Society and public communication of science studies, in order to promote a better interaction between science and other forms of knowledge, and also to bring a constructive view of science. / A partir do diagnóstico de um afastamento entre o público geral e o universo das instituições de ensino e pesquisa, os estudos em comunicação e percepção pública da ciência buscam soluções para que isso se reverta processo em que o jornalismo possui papel fundamental. Este trabalho se propõe a analisar reportagens de ciência publicadas nas revistas Ciência Hoje, Pesquisa Fapesp e piauí que apresentem características narrativas. Uma vez que a imprensa escrita por vezes utiliza variadas estratégias para aproximar seu público da atividade científica, partimos do pressuposto de que a reportagem em profundidade, com o uso de técnicas narrativas, pode suprir essa demanda. A pesquisa investiga a construção narrativa e discursiva no jornalismo científico e como as reportagens lidam com os diversos discursos presentes, com o objetivo de identificar nelas elementos do jornalismo literário, diversidade temática e as formas de abordagem da atividade científica, bem como distinguir procedimentos reprodutíveis para repórteres de ciência. O corpus foi analisado segundo as teorias discursivas de Bakhtin e as perspectivas dos estudos em Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade e comunicação pública da ciência, de modo a promover uma interação entre ciência e outros campos do conhecimento e de trazer uma compreensão da construção social da ciência.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-19T11:50:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 manso2013.pdf: 1444270 bytes, checksum: 595703706ee79416e68d478e13acf016 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27 / The interaction between the professional dissemination of science and technology (TSD) and the scientist is one of the key aspects of the process involved in the public communication of science. The importance of this theme stimulated the development of this dissertation, which focuses on the study of the relationship between these two professional groups, considering the different configurations of both contexts. The intention here is to contribute to a better understanding of the subject, thus minimizing the friction between such characters, as repeatedly pointed out in the literature, and thus allowing the TSD enjoy a solid and satisfactory development. Initially, to clarify the boundaries of the activities performed by the actors involved, one addresses here the conceptualization of terms associated with the TSD and with scientific research. The paper goes deeper into the main topic when it analyzes theoretical discussions which point to some obstacles to the development of science dissemination. In summary, arguments about barriers to TSD may be divided into two main types: a) a sizable portion of scientists believes disclosure as practical without importance for the S & T system, because the social function of this area is still not adequately appreciated, whether political, institutional or even academically; b) it is a common practice among scientists to consider that professionals involved in TSD, especially journalists, do not have sufficient scientific culture, and therefore need to better understand the scientific contents with which they work to act more independently, creatively and critically. The fieldwork of this thesis - ten interviews carried out with recognized professional representatives of academia and scientific publishing - generated a set of statements that allow historical comparisons of the relationship in question, as well as contribute to the understanding of factors that inhibit or contribute to a more rewarding dialogue among these interactors . The interview dynamics considered core topics pointed out by the literature on the subject, but also allowed for the inclusion of other aspects considered as relevant by the interlocutors. Data analysis presented here was divided in the following items: new perspectives for TSD; influences of new technologies of information and communication on TSD; relationship between the TSD and education; the need to meet the social demand for information in S&T; difficulties for the development of a national TSD. The set of interviews undertaken indicates that contradictory ideas prevail in the field. TSD is characterized by the interviewed as growing in importance associated with the national development. However, the field is also characterized by them as still suffering from traditional and backward ideas, as well as from lack of investment, which undermines the intercession between academia and other social sectors. Data presented suggest, therefore, a name for this paradox (closing and opening of scientific knowledge) as the twilight of the scientific culture, a period of emerging accessibility to scientific knowledge, indicating that science is gradually closer to Brazilian citizens / A interação entre o profissional da divulgação da ciência e tecnologia (DCT) e o cientista é um dos aspectos-chave do processo que envolve a comunicação pública da ciência. Tal constatação estimulou o desenvolvimento da presente dissertação de Mestrado, cujo propósito central é o de estudar o relacionamento entre interagentes dessas duas categorias profissionais, considerando as distintas configurações típicas de ambos os contextos. Espera-se contribuir para uma melhor compreensão do tema, minimizando as barreiras existentes entre tais personagens, conforme abordado recorrentemente na literatura, e permitindo à DCT desfrutar de um desenvolvimento mais pleno, sólido e satisfatório. Inicialmente, aborda-se a conceitualização de termos associados à DCT e às próprias pesquisas científicas, para clarificar as fronteiras de atuação das atividades exercidas pelos atores envolvidos. A dissertação entra mais profundamente no principal tema ao analisar as discussões teóricas, que apontam alguns obstáculos para o desenvolvimento da divulgação da ciência. Em síntese, a revisão da literatura permite considerar que os argumentos sobre as barreiras à DCT se dividem em dois tipos: a) uma parcela considerável dos cientistas entende a divulgação como prática sem importância fundamental para o sistema de C&T, porque a função social desta área não é ainda adequadamente valorizada, seja política, institucional ou mesmo academicamente; b) é comum cientistas declararem que um segmento dos divulgadores, principalmente jornalistas, tem pouca cultura científica, e, portanto, precisa entender melhor os conteúdos com os quais trabalha, para atuar mais autônoma, criativa e criticamente. A pesquisa de campo desta dissertação - dez entrevistas individuais realizadas com reconhecidos profissionais representantes da academia e da divulgação científica - gerou um conjunto de depoimentos que permitem comparações históricas do relacionamento em questão, assim como auxiliam na compreensão de fatores que inibem ou contribuem para um diálogo mais gratificante entre os interagentes. As dinâmicas assumiram como norte os tópicos do levantamento bibliográfico, mas também permitiram uma abertura para demais aspectos considerados relevantes pelos interlocutores. A análise das entrevistas aqui apresentada foi dividida nos seguintes itens: novas perspectivas da DCT; influências das novas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC´s); relacionamento entre a DCT e a educação; necessidade de suprir a demanda social pela informação em C&T; dificuldades para o desenvolvimento da DCT nacional. As considerações feitas pelos entrevistados mostram um cenário de coabitação entre contextos contraditórios, na medida em que a DCT no país cresce em importância, associada ao desenvolvimento nacional, porém, ainda sofre com tradicionais e retrógradas ideias, assim como com a falta de investimentos o que prejudica a intersessão entre academia e outros setores sociais. A pesquisa realizada sugeriu a denominação deste paradoxo (de fechamento e de abertura ao conhecimento científico) como lusco-fusco da cultura da científica, um momento, ainda não claramente identificado, de emergente acessibilidade, indicando uma ciência, gradualmente, mais próxima dos cidadãos brasileiros

<p>At the centre of this study lies the question of how research-related media texts contribute to the social construction of sex and gender conceptions when they use research, either as a main source, or to support or comment on specific issues and statements, from the political arena, for example. The principal aim of the study has been to analyze and problematize the ways in which different types of newspapers, genres and editorial sections reproduce, or contribute to change, in existing gender discourses. </p><p> The material was collected from two Swedish newspapers during the year 2001: the national morning paper Dagens Nyheter (DN), and the national evening paper Aftonbladet. </p><p>The theories of discourse, agenda-setting and -framing in this study are related to the questions: what kinds of knowledge on women and men, and biological, physiological, psychological, social and cultural perspectives on sex/gender are represented; how are they described; and how do content and form contribute to the (re)production of, or change in, gender discourses? The main analytical perspectives are those about gender discourse (re)production, genres as ideological forms, and the epistemologies of journalism. </p><p> A combination of analytical strategies and methods was used: content and thematic analysis, and qualitative analysis of text and language with methodological tools from different traditions of discourse analysis. </p><p> In my study, I can see an interplay between research traditions and genre conventions in the (re)production of gender discourses. Since the news sections repeatedly choose to publish research as empiric and in the form of results, and then within that, primarily findings from medicine and the social sciences, these areas are reproduced as important and relevant, and as producers of objective, true knowledge that can be presented as simple facts. Research-related texts in culture journalism, on the other hand, follow the tradition of primarily treating research within the humanities, and nowadays also gender and queer theoretical perspectives within different disciplines. Through the genre conventions of culture journalism, this research is reproduced as something that you can reflect upon, problematize, criticize, form an opinion of, and judge.</p><p> The study also gives reason to argue that media logic and institutionalized genre conventions contribute to the reproduction of science and research as different worlds and cultures, in which the natural sciences and the humanities are found in different media spaces, and different forms of knowledge about sex/gender are given space on different conditions and in different forms. </p>

At the centre of this study lies the question of how research-related media texts contribute to the social construction of sex and gender conceptions when they use research, either as a main source, or to support or comment on specific issues and statements, from the political arena, for example. The principal aim of the study has been to analyze and problematize the ways in which different types of newspapers, genres and editorial sections reproduce, or contribute to change, in existing gender discourses. The material was collected from two Swedish newspapers during the year 2001: the national morning paper Dagens Nyheter (DN), and the national evening paper Aftonbladet. The theories of discourse, agenda-setting and -framing in this study are related to the questions: what kinds of knowledge on women and men, and biological, physiological, psychological, social and cultural perspectives on sex/gender are represented; how are they described; and how do content and form contribute to the (re)production of, or change in, gender discourses? The main analytical perspectives are those about gender discourse (re)production, genres as ideological forms, and the epistemologies of journalism. A combination of analytical strategies and methods was used: content and thematic analysis, and qualitative analysis of text and language with methodological tools from different traditions of discourse analysis. In my study, I can see an interplay between research traditions and genre conventions in the (re)production of gender discourses. Since the news sections repeatedly choose to publish research as empiric and in the form of results, and then within that, primarily findings from medicine and the social sciences, these areas are reproduced as important and relevant, and as producers of objective, true knowledge that can be presented as simple facts. Research-related texts in culture journalism, on the other hand, follow the tradition of primarily treating research within the humanities, and nowadays also gender and queer theoretical perspectives within different disciplines. Through the genre conventions of culture journalism, this research is reproduced as something that you can reflect upon, problematize, criticize, form an opinion of, and judge. The study also gives reason to argue that media logic and institutionalized genre conventions contribute to the reproduction of science and research as different worlds and cultures, in which the natural sciences and the humanities are found in different media spaces, and different forms of knowledge about sex/gender are given space on different conditions and in different forms.