Submitted by Fernanda Ciolfi (fernanda.ciolfi@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2016-04-06T19:32:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Vivian Marcella.pdf: 4390080 bytes, checksum: e762cbd1c1b04154909b3bf8b06f9434 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-06T19:32:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vivian Marcella.pdf: 4390080 bytes, checksum: e762cbd1c1b04154909b3bf8b06f9434 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Adolescence is a period of development in which physical, emotional and social changes occur and adolescents become exposed to stress. Headaches are one of the symptoms of stress, a risk factor for psychopathological conditions, school absenteeism and difficulties in relationships, affecting quality of life. This study analyzed stressors and coping in relation to quality of life among adolescents experiencing headaches. A total of 54 adolescents (85.19% girls), aged from 14 to 18 years old and attending elementary, middle or high school in a public school in Sorocaba, SP, Brazil, participated. The following instruments were applied in classrooms: a) to characterize the sample ? Headache Questionnaire; a Characterization Interview Protocol developed for this study; and the Brazil Economic Criteria Classification; b) the Adolescent Perceived Events Scale (APES) was applied to identify stressors during adolescence; c) to assess coping with stressful events during adolescence ? Coping Scale (CS), with 12 coping families using the Motivational Theory of Coping; d) Responses to Stress Questionnaire ? Headache (RSQ-H) with authorized linguistic validation was used to analyze headache stressors and coping: and e) Quality of Life Headache - Youth Questionnaire (QLH-Y) was used to assess quality of life. Descriptive statistics, comparisons between groups and correlations were used in addition to network analyses. Daily headaches were prevalent in 42.59% of the sample, while 29.63% reported headaches several times a week associated with emotional triggers, such as feeling anxious or having concerns. The results showed that girls presented: a) greater perception of good and bad stressors (APES); b) Involuntary Engagement, Rumination, Emotional Excitement and Cognitive Interference (RSQ-H); c) Less Vital Strength and more Depression (QLH-Y). Daily headaches were related to a) stressful events during adolescence (APES), maladaptive coping, isolation and helplessness (CS); b) greater quantity of headache stressors (RSQ-H); c) Disengagement and Avoidance (RSQ-H); d) Depression (QLH-Y). The adolescents receiving medical care more frequently presented: a) positive headache coping with Emotional regulation, Emotional Expression, Secondary Control Engagement, Positive Thinking, Acceptance and Immobilization; b) Harmonization and Vital Strength (QLH-Y). Adolescents with a medical diagnosis of migraines presented: a) a lower perception of bad events (APES); b) greater Helplessness when coping with stressful events during adolescence (CS). Adolescents with headaches that last more than 24 hours more frequently presented: a) Involuntary Engagement; Emotional Excitement and Escape (RSQ-H); b) Fatigue (QLH-Y). These involuntary stress responses and maladaptive coping strategies, especially among girls, show difficulty in self-regulating when facing headache stressors, emphasizing the importance of prevention and the development of more efficient and specific interventions for this age range. Analyses helped understand the processes involved in headache coping among adolescents, showing how somatic symptoms, depression and stress and the impact of headaches on daily life are related. / A adolesc?ncia ? um per?odo do desenvolvimento em que ocorrem transforma??es f?sicas, emocionais e sociais, tornando o adolescente exposto ao estresse. Este tem como um dos sintomas as queixas de dor de cabe?a, que s?o fator de risco para quadros psicopatol?gicos, absente?smo escolar e dificuldades nos relacionamentos, afetando a qualidade de vida. Esta pesquisa analisou os eventos estressores e seu enfrentamento em suas rela??es com a qualidade de vida, em adolescentes com queixas de dor de cabe?a. Participaram 54 adolescentes (85,19% meninas), com 14 a 18 anos, cursando o final do Ensino Fundamental e o Ensino M?dio em uma escola p?blica de Sorocaba-SP. Foram aplicados na sala de aula os instrumentos: a) para caracteriza??o da amostra - Question?rio de Queixa de Dor de Cabe?a; Protocolo de Entrevista de Caracteriza??o, especialmente elaborado; e Crit?rio de Classifica??o Econ?mica Brasil; b) para identifica??o de estressores da adolesc?ncia: Adolescent Perceived Events Scale (APES); c) para avalia??o do enfrentamento de situa??es estressantes da adolesc?ncia: Escala de Coping (EC), com 12 fam?lias de coping, segundo a Teoria Motivacional do Coping; d) para an?lise dos estressores da dor de cabe?a e seu enfrentamento: Responses to Stress Questionnaire ? Headache (RSQ-H), com valida??o lingu?stica autorizada pelos autores; e) para avalia??o da qualidade de vida: Quality of Life Headache - Youth Questionnaire (QLH-Y). Foram feitas an?lises estat?sticas descritivas, de compara??es entre grupos e de correla??es, al?m de an?lise de redes. Houve preval?ncia de dores di?rias em 42,59% da amostra e v?rias vezes por semana em 29,63%, com crises associadas a gatilhos emocionais, como sentir-se ansioso e ter preocupa??es. Os resultados mostraram que as meninas apresentaram: a) maior percep??o de estressores bons e ruins (APES); b) Coping de Engajamento Involunt?rio, Rumina??o, Excita??o Emocional e Interfer?ncia Cognitiva (RSQ-H); c) menos For?a Vital e mais Depress?o (QLH-Y). A dor de cabe?a di?ria estava relacionada a: a) situa??es estressoras da adolesc?ncia (APES), coping mal adaptativo, Isolamento e Desamparo (EC); b) maior quantidade de estressores da dor de cabe?a (RSQ-H); c) Coping de Desengajamento e Evita??o (RSQ-H); d) Depress?o (QLH-Y). Os adolescentes em atendimento m?dico apresentaram mais: a) enfrentamento positivo da dor de cabe?a, com Regula??o Emocional, Express?o Emocional, Coping de Engajamento de Controle Secund?rio, Pensamento Positivo, Aceita??o e Paralisa??o; b) Harmonia e For?a Vital (QLH-Y). Os adolescentes com diagn?stico m?dico de enxaqueca apresentaram: a) menor percep??o de eventos ruins (APES); b) maior Desamparo no enfrentamento das situa??es estressantes da adolesc?ncia (EC). Os adolescentes com dor de cabe?a por mais de 24 horas apresentaram mais: a) Engajamento Involunt?rio, Excita??o Emocional e Fuga (RSQ-H); b) Fadiga (QLH-Y). Essas respostas de estresse involunt?rias e de coping mal adaptativo, especialmente nas meninas, mostram as dificuldades de autorregula??o diante de estressores da dor de cabe?a, alertando para a import?ncia da preven??o e a elabora??o de interven??es mais eficientes e espec?ficas para essa faixa et?ria. As an?lises realizadas auxiliaram na compreens?o dos processos envolvidos no enfrentamento da dor de cabe?a em adolescentes, evidenciando como sintomas som?ticos, depress?o e estresse e o impacto da dor de cabe?a na vida di?ria se relacionam.

Le rôle des parents est essentiel dans les expériences sportives de leur enfant. Cependant, de nombreux exemples relatés par les médias ont montré que le soutien qu’ils apportent n’est pas toujours adapté. Face à ce constat, de plus en plus d’études se sont intéressées à l’influence des parents dans le sport. Leur investissement pourrait aider leur enfant à faire face aux exigences qui découlent de leur double projet sportif et scolaire. Ainsi, l’objectif de cette thèse était de comprendre et d’accompagner les parents d’adolescents sportifs de haut niveau. Un premier chapitre présente une revue de littérature sur le sujet. Ensuite trois chapitres détaillent le travail réalisé afin de répondre à l’objectif.Le deuxième chapitre a exploré quantitativement les comportements parentaux et leur influence sur certaines variables psychologiques des sportifs. Il a montré que l’investissement parental le plus adapté au développement du sportif correspond à un investissement modéré incluant des encouragements, et une pression et des comportements directifs peu fréquents de la part des deux parents. Le troisième chapitre a étudié qualitativement les antécédents de l’investissement parental. Les analyses ont révélé que les parents vivent différents facteurs de stress organisationnels, développementaux, compétitifs et personnels qu’ils perçoivent comme étant, pour la plupart, difficiles à gérer. Afin de faire face à ces inquiétudes, les parents s’appuient sur différentes stratégies qu’ils mettent eux-mêmes en place et sur des stratégies réalisées par la famille et la structure sportive. Cependant, selon eux, ces dernières ne sont pas toujours efficaces. Le quatrième chapitre présente une étude interventionnelle qui a évalué l’efficacité d’un programme d’accompagnement. Les résultats ont montré que le programme influence positivement les expériences des parents. Ils ont également mis en avant les difficultés rencontrées pour engendrer des modifications comportementales perceptibles par les sportifs.Au regard des résultats des six études réalisées auprès de 1595 parents et 919 sportifs, des perspectives de recherches sont discutées. Des recommandations pratiques permettant de favoriser un investissement parental adapté au développement du sportif sont également exposées / Parents play a crucial role in their child’s sporting experiences. However, many examples outlined from the media have shown that parental support is not always appropriate. Besides, researchers have currently focused on the influence of parents in sport. Their involvement could sustain their child to cope with the demands of their dual careers in sport and education. Thus, the objective of this thesis was to understand and support parents of elite adolescent athletes. The first chapter presents a literature review on the topic. Then, three chapters detail the studies completed to meet the objective.The second chapter quantitatively explored parents’ behaviors and their influence on specific psychological variables of athletes. It showed that the most appropriate parental involvement to the athlete’s development corresponds to a moderate involvement from both parents: encouragements, and few pressure and directive behaviors. The third chapter qualitatively examined factors inducing parental involvement. Analysis revealed that parents feel different organizational, developmental, competitive and personal stressors mainly perceived as being difficult to manage. In order to cope with these concerns, parents rely on various strategies that they themselves implement but also on strategies carried out by family and sport center. However, according to them, the latter are not always effective. The fourth chapter presents an intervention study that evaluated the effectiveness of a support program. The results showed that the program positively influences parents’ experiences. They also highlighted the difficulties to create parental behavioral changes perceptible by athletes.Based on results of the six studies conducted with 1595 parents and 919 athletes, new directions of research are discussed. Practical recommendations to foster an appropriate parental involvement to the athlete’s development are also shared

Human-bear interactions are an important consideration of bear biology, as interactions can lead to destruction of property as well as injury or death for both human and bear. Successful analysis of why these interactions occur can lead to appropriate preventative measures and mitigation of further conflict. Bryce Canyon National Park (BRCA) is comprised of relatively poor bear habitat, but a black bear population exists on the Paunsaugunt Plateau, on which the park occupies the eastern edge. Park managers expressed interest in learning more about bear movements and, specifically, bear use of anthropogenic features following a number of human-bear incidents located at backcountry campsites within park boundaries. By analyzing data from GPS radio-collared bears, trail cameras, existing literature, park incident reports and in-depth campsite assessments, we were able to show how bears are using both natural and anthropogenic features on the Bryce landscape. Campsites were assessed for bear habitat, displacement and encounter potential in order to establish an overall human-bear conflict potential. AIC model selection and resource selection functions using GPS collar data showed that bears selected for some anthropogenic features (campsites, springs), while actively avoiding others (trails, roads). Trail camera data, existing literature and park incident reports all pointed toward use of trails. We then considered all data sources used in the analysis and compiled rankings of human-bear conflict potential for each of the backcountry campsites within BRCA, and submitted a detailed report of findings, conclusions and recommendations to NPS personnel. Second, we investigated human-bear interactions at polar bear dens sites on Alaska's North Slope. As parturient female polar bears in the Southern Beaufort Sea subpopulation increasingly construct maternal dens on coastal land features rather than sea ice, they become more likely to interact with industry and other human activity. We wanted to understand what levels of human interaction could lead to disturbance of denning polar bears, and what types of responses were being exhibited by bears following those interactions. We subdivided potential disturbance stimuli into groups based on their size, motion and sound and the used AIC model selection techniques and multinomial logistic regression to analyze records of human-bear interactions at den sites ranging from 1975 through the present day. We found significant probabilities of varying levels of bear disturbance response among a number of stimuli and intensities. However, denning bear families were overall more tolerant of human activity near den sites than expected. Den abandonments were rare, and we documented no cases of reproductive failure following a disturbance event. We hope that our results from the analysis can be used to further enhance management of industry when operating in polar bear denning habitat.

<p>The main sources of teacher stress stem from difficulty in maintaining classroom discipline, time pressures, workload demands, excessive change, being evaluated by others, challenging relationships with colleagues and poor working conditions. This study therefore highlights the significant relationship between occupational stressors and the stress experienced by teachers at high risk secondary schools in the Western Cape. Occupational stress is related to job satisfaction, job overload and job control. The coping strategies of teachers at high risk secondary schools are explored. The results indicate that there were no significant relationships between teacher stress and job satisfaction, job overload and job control at high risk secondary schools in the Western Cape. Job satisfaction however, showed an inverse, albeit not significant relationship to teacher stress. Furthermore, male and female teachers respond differently to these occupational stressors. Females were more prone to the experience of stress than males. The recommendations are based on the conclusions drawn from the study. In conclusion, occupational stress is considered a major source of stress for teachers, which needs to be addressed more vigorously at high risk secondary schools in the Western Cape.</p>

The general construct of human cognition implies a series of mental processes by means of which human interpret and consequently act on the world that surrounds them (Sternberg y Mio, 2009). During the last decades, the recognition of human diversity and psychological variability among individuals has encouraged challenging questions addressing inter-individual differences that make each subject unique in terms of their cognitive performance (Baddeley, 2003; Botvinick, 2008). In particular, quantitative genetic studies show that both genetic variability and environmental factors are involved in the phenotypic expression of cognitive functions (Plomin, 2011). However, the mechanisms by which genes and exposure to environmental influences may contribute to the observed variability are not yet clear. The study of the origins of inter-individual differences in cognition is strongly associated with the ontogenic development of the human brain (Tau, 2010). As a consequence, cognitive alterations are considered a central trait in those mental disorders where neurodevelopmental alterations are assumed to exist, such as schizophrenia. This disease, which affects around 1% of the world’s population, is one of the main causes of years lost due to disability (WHO, 2004), while cognitive alterations in these patients explain about 20%-60% of the variance in measures of outcome (Green, 2004). The aetiological model of neurodevelopment in schizophrenia proposes that this disease might be the expression of neurobiological compromise that could begin early in the lifespan, even before the onset of the clinical symptoms (van Os, 2009). However, and despite the scientific efforts invested in the elucidation of its aetiological underpinnings, the heterogeneous presentation of the disease has prevented a deeper comprehension of these mechanisms. Are all cognitive domains heritable? Are there long-term consequences on cognition for the early exposure to environmental impact? What is the association between genetic variability and cognitive vulnerability? Can we identify specific neurobiological pathways in the expression of the cognitive alterations of patients with schizophrenia? These questions are explored in the present thesis through the analyses of twins- and family-based samples, which constitute powerful designs to study the effects of genetic and environmental variability on human cognition. In the six chapters of results that are the body of this thesis, complex models are proposed that aim at representing the mechanisms involved in the origin of cognitive variability at the population level. The findings included indicate that this variability could be the result of the relative contribution of genetic determination and environmental modelling, which could vary in different cognitive functions following ontogenic mechanisms of neurodevelopment. Specifically, results are reported on the influences of childhood maltreatment and socioeconomic status as environmental stressors, as well as Val158Met functional polymorphism of COMT gene as a genetic factor. The aetiological implications of the study of these processes are extended to the field of mental disorders, as the results may indicate that the cognitive variability present among patients with schizophrenia could support a model of developmental compromise in this disease. Accordingly, the effects of genetic and environmental influences on behaviour may underlie the heterogeneous expression of this highly disabling mental disorder. To sum up, the phenotypic diversity of schizophrenia and human cognition, far from representing an obstacle, lays the foundations for complex models of these traits that may feed an increasing understanding of their aetiology (Belsky, 2011). These findings highlight the putative role of neurobiological liability traits in crucial aspects of clinical practice. Risk factors might be identified that could be included as potential guidelines in the assessment and management of need-adapted treatments (Leiftker, 2009). Moreover, liability traits might operate as markers in preventive interventions for targeting individuals at risk of developing particular forms of the disease (Keshavan, 2011). / El constructo general de cognición humana involucra una serie de procesos mentales por medio de los cuales los individuos perciben, interpretan y, en consecuencia, actúan sobre la realidad que los rodea y sobre sus pares (Sternberg y Mio, 2009). En los últimos años, el reconocimiento de la diversidad humana y la variabilidad de los rasgos psicológicos entre los individuos ha promovido preguntas acerca de las diferencias inter-individuales que hacen a cada sujeto único en términos de cognición (Baddeley, 2003; Botvinick, 2008). En particular, los estudios de genética cuantitativa demuestran que tanto la variabilidad genética como los factores ambientales podrían estar involucrados en la expresión fenotípica de las funciones cognitivas (Plomin, 2011). Sin embargo, aún no son claros los mecanismos específicos por medio de los cuales los genes y el ambiente contribuyen a esta variabilidad. Las alteraciones cognitivas son un rasgo central en enfermedades mentales donde se presume que existen alteraciones del neurodesarrollo, como lo es la esquizofrenia. El modelo etiológico del neurodesarrollo de la esquizofrenia propone que esta enfermedad se expresaría como consecuencia de alteraciones neurobiológicas que iniciarían en una época temprana de la vida, incluso antes del desencadenamiento de los síntomas clínicos (van Os, 2009). No obstante, la presentación heterogénea de la enfermedad ha dificultado una comprensión más clara de los mecanismos involucrados en su manifestación. ¿Son todas las funciones cognitivas igualmente heredables? ¿Tienen los factores ambientales tempranos consecuencias a largo plazo sobre la cognición? ¿Cuál es la relación entre variabilidad genética y vulnerabilidad cognitiva? ¿Existen vías neurobiológicas específicas para la manifestación de las alteraciones cognitivas en pacientes con esquizofrenia? Estas preguntas se exploran en la presente tesis a partir de análisis basados en muestras de gemelos y en grupos familiares, que constituyen una manera metodológicamente potente de estudiar los efectos de la variabilidad genética y ambiental sobre la cognición humana. En este sentido, la diversidad fenotípica de la esquizofrenia y la cognición humana, lejos de representar un obstáculo para la investigación de su etiología, sienta las bases de modelos complejos que podrían fomentar una comprensión cada vez más completa de los mecanismos de vulnerabilidad y resiliencia posiblemente involucrados en su origen (Belsky, 2011).

No description available.

Abstract Presently there are few studies that describe the current experiences of women warriors relative to issues such as sexual hostility, sexual harassment, and other uncommon experiences during their military careers. Very little is known about how being a woman in a male-dominated military may affect women warriors' choices between making the military a career or returning to civilian life. With better understanding of women warriors' military experiences, mental health professionals, educators, and other human services professionals may have a better understanding of the issues that may affect women in the military. To date there are limited studies that have examined the effects of military experiences on the psychological and emotional well-being of women warriors. Whether its effects are positive, negative, contextual, or permanent is not yet known. This study supports the earlier research regarding the needs and unknown needs of women programs and the training of counselors and helping professionals. With the United States Military being one of the largest special populations, and women warriors making up 15% of that population, it is imperative that appropriate training becomes available for counselors, educators, and other helping professionals.

台灣在1989年開始引進外籍勞工，根據勞動部調查，截至104年3月底外籍勞工人數已達566,518人。台灣目前對外籍勞工已有一定程度的依賴，且未來對外籍勞工的需求將持續成長。人力仲介公司藉由翻譯人員為企業（雇主）和外籍勞工提供客務。身為第一線員工，翻譯員往往必須站在人力仲介公司角度，同時滿足企業（雇主）與外籍勞工之需求解決問題，如此想必翻譯人員將面臨嚴謹的工作壓力。過去研究發現，當員工感受到壓力時，工作績效會下降；改善員工績效的重要關鍵是在於降低工作壓力、提高員工工作滿意度。在競爭激烈的環境下，如何確保翻譯員之工作績效，是當前人力仲介公司重要課題。 本研究將探討人力仲介公司翻譯員工作壓力來源與工作滿意度現況，以及探討在不同人口特徵下，工作壓力來源及工作滿意度是否有差異。本文主要以量化研究方式，針對人力仲介公司翻譯員實施問卷調查，有效樣本共計93份。研究結果發現：（一）翻譯員的工作壓力屬於尚可接受程度，主要三大工作壓力來源為：「人際關係」、「工作負荷」及「個人責任」，（二）公司規模之不同，於工作壓力來源之「工作負荷」構面具有顯著差異，（三）翻譯員對其工作評價屬尚頗為滿意，其中「外在滿意」構面分數為最低，（四）公司規模之不同，於工作滿意度之三個構面存在顯著差異。接著，本文以質化研究方式為輔，透過訪談三家人力仲介公司之資深主管與翻譯員，由兩個不同角度瞭解第一階段研究結果之實務現象，以提供人力仲介公司實務管理建議，降低翻譯員的工作壓力，提升其工作滿意度，進而促進其工作績效。

Tyrimo objektas: sėdimą darbą dirbančių žmonių nugaros raumenų skausmas. Tyrimo problema: spartėjant šiuolaikinėms technologijoms atsiranda vis daugiau sėdimą darbą dirbančių žmonių. Ilgas sėdėjimas prie kompiuterio, dažni aplinkos stresoriai, mažas fizinis aktyvumas, netaisyklinga laikysena ir neergonomiški baldai neigiamai veikia sveikatą. Todėl vis daugiau žmonių skundžiasi su ilgalaike sėdima padėtimi susijusiais negalavimais. Vienas dažniausiai pasitaikančių negalavimų yra nugaros raumenų skausmas, dėl kurio mažėja darbingumas, nukenčia gyvenimo kokybė. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti aplinkos stresorių, ergonomiškumo ir fizinių pratimų poveikį nugaros skausmui sėdimą darbą dirbantiems žmonėms. Hipotezė: manome, kad daugiau sveikatos sutrikimų turės žmonės, kurie dirba sėdimą darbą, patiria stresą ir jam šalinti pasirenka žalingus įpročius, nei tie, kurie dirba sėdimą darbą, bet renkasi fizinius pratimus. Išvados: sėdim���� darbą dirbantieji teigiamai darbo vietos ergonomiką vertina: privačiame sektoriuje 35%, valstybiniame – 16,25% ir dirbantys nevyriausybiniame sektoriuje – 1,3%. Net 60,6% tiriamųjų visą darbo laiką praleidžia toje pačioje padėtyje. Stresą patiria 77,5% tiriamųjų, o streso poveikis pasireiškia nuovargiu (32,5%), išsiblaškymu (21,3%) ir dėmesio stoka (17,5%). Raumenų skausmą jaučia 98,7% sėdimą darbą dirbančiųjų. Dažniausiai jaučiamas pečių juostos ir kaklo raumenų įtempimas bei nugaros skausmas, kurio dydis 4,8 balo. Fiziniai pratimai patikimai (p<0,05)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object of study: Back muscles’ pain of people, who perform sedentary jobs. Problem of study: As modern technologies speed up, more and more people start performing sedentary jobs. The health is negatively influenced by the sitting in front of the computer, by common stressors in surroundings, by decreased physical activity, by wrong posture and by unergonomic furniture. As a result, more and more people start complaining of the conditions, related to the long sitting position. One of the most common complaints is the pain of back muscles that decreases efficiency, affects the quality of life. Aim of study: Determine the impact of the surroundings’ stressors, ergonomicity and physical exercises on the back muscles’ pain of people who perform sedentary job. Hypothesis of study: We believe that the people who perform sedentary jobs, experience stress and choose addiction for its elimination have more health problems than people who perform sedentary jobs, but choose physical activity and exercises. Conclusions: People who perform sedentary jobs positively assess the ergonomics of work place: 35% in private sector, 16.25% in public sector, and 1.3% in non-governmental sector. Stress is experienced by 77.5% of participants, and the impact of stress is manifested by fatigue (32.5%), distraction (21.3%), and the lack of attention (17.5%). The pain of muscles is experienced by 98.7% of sedentary jobs performing people. Most commonly is experienced the pain of shoulder girdle and... [to full text]

<p>The main sources of teacher stress stem from difficulty in maintaining classroom discipline, time pressures, workload demands, excessive change, being evaluated by others, challenging relationships with colleagues and poor working conditions. This study therefore highlights the significant relationship between occupational stressors and the stress experienced by teachers at high risk secondary schools in the Western Cape. Occupational stress is related to job satisfaction, job overload and job control. The coping strategies of teachers at high risk secondary schools are explored. The results indicate that there were no significant relationships between teacher stress and job satisfaction, job overload and job control at high risk secondary schools in the Western Cape. Job satisfaction however, showed an inverse, albeit not significant relationship to teacher stress. Furthermore, male and female teachers respond differently to these occupational stressors. Females were more prone to the experience of stress than males. The recommendations are based on the conclusions drawn from the study. In conclusion, occupational stress is considered a major source of stress for teachers, which needs to be addressed more vigorously at high risk secondary schools in the Western Cape.</p>