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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

固定期信用違約交換之評價與避險分析

陳俊豪 Unknown Date (has links)
固定期信用違約交換(Constant Maturity Credit Default Swap)是移轉固定年期信用違約交換信用價差(CDS Spread)變動風險的信用衍生性金融商品,目前僅Brigo(2005)以及Krekel and Wenzel(2006)探討固定期信用違約交換的評價,也各自推導出近似封閉解,但對於相關參數之估計以及避險參數並沒有涉及,因此本研究將利用歷史資料估計Krekel and Wenzel(2006)評價公式中的參數,讓評價模型更加完備,並求算避險參數,提供發行商與投資人避險資訊。 本文利用目前信用違約交換(Credit Default Swap)市場中各到期日流動性較高的美國Eastman Kodak Company公司債作為標的物,發行一檔固定期信用違約交換,並利用現有市場資訊估計模型中的參數。在避險實證上,本文利用標的物債券信用價差曲線的變動,對固定期信用違約交換契約價值以及五年期及十年期信用違約交換契約價值的影響,建構了一個避險投資組合,使得避險後總投資組合價值波動減少。 / Constant Maturity Credit Default Swap (CMCDS) is one of the credit derivatives, whose function is to circumvent the fluctuating risk of CDS Spread. Brigo (2005) and Krekel and Wenzel (2006) focused on not only probing into the evaluation of the CMCDS but also deriving the approximated closed-form solution in their recent research separately. However, they seldom concern the hedging approach and the estimated parameters of pricing model, which could be major variable in the measurement. This paper is aiming to calculate the history data of hazard rate to estimate the parameters by using the formula from Krekel and Wenzel (2006) and compute the hedging approach of the pricing model to make it become more complete and provide the hedging information for both financial institutions and investors. By using the corporation bond of Eastman Kodak Company which with higher liquidity and various maturity as the main reference asset to issue a CMCDS and utilizing the current available market data to estimate the parameters of the pricing model to evaluate the value of the product, I find that the various credit spread curve of reference bond will influence the value of CDS and CMCDS and try to structure a hedging portfolio to eliminate the fluctuation of the product.
82

建廠資訊生命週期管理之研究-製程工廠之統包公司為例 / Plant Information Lifecycle Management:Process Plant in Turnkey Company

劉智明 Unknown Date (has links)
東柏林圍牆倒塌,金磚四國崛起,使得第三世界國家的經濟能力大幅提升,對能源及石化產品的需求也日益增加,促使全球對石化產業之投資大幅暴增且投資規模也較前期更大。為能加速獲利,業主經常要求統包工程公司能縮短1/3之工期。因此,統包工程公司需不斷研發及創新,並使用有別於傳統模式之作業方法,才可達成此縮短工期之目標。 近年由於電腦軟硬體進步神速及網際網路之普及化,提供了一個資訊交換的新環境。許多跨國作業、同步工程之應用系統紛紛被提出,但仍無法有效解決當前之問題,反而形成許多自動化孤島之資訊作業。 本研究主要目的在於探討如何利用先進資訊科技技術與國際共通的資訊標準規範,建立製程工廠統包工程所需之「建廠資訊生命週期管理」系統,將重要資訊予以電子化、結構化及標準化。透過電腦網路通訊及資料庫技術,使建廠過程能提供優良資訊品質,供參與建廠人員能透過此透明化之系統,使資訊得以整合與共享,確保資訊品質之完整、正確及一致性。 建廠工程之作業有許多不同的階段,本研究擬針對「建廠資訊生命週期管理」系統提出完整之規劃架構,但因本系統相當龐大,無法於短時間內完成全部之系統雛型,故,本著「Think Big, Start Small, Scale Fast」之理念,本研究將先對產製最多資訊之設計階段先行建立系統雛型,作為示範性之先導開發工作。本研究所獲得之主要結論如下: 一、 導入標準資訊規範是正確途徑 二、 為縮短建廠時間,需建立資訊整合與共享環境 三、 要提升統包工程公司之競爭力,需建立全球化作業平台 四、 要提升資訊品質需將文件中心轉變為資訊中心 關鍵字: 資訊生命週期管理、製程工廠、統包工程、圖形交換標準 建廠資訊交換標準、建廠工程活動、資訊品質、標準資訊規範 / The 3rd world economy has been largely improved resulting from the collapse of the Eastern Berlin wall and the rise of the Brics. Since then, the investment in the petroleum/chemical industries is increased triggered from a strong demand of the energy and petroleum/ chemical products. To expedite the profit return, the clients will usually request the turnkey project company to condense the plant’s engineering time to at least 1/3 of the original scheduled. Therefore, the turnkey project company needs to continuously engage in its R&D and create an innovation method different from the traditional one to fulfill with clients’ expectation. Owing to the rapid progress of the hardwares and softwares together with the popularity of the internet, it provids a new environment for the information exchange. Although numerous applications for global operation and concurrent had been announced, it still couldn’t resolve the existing problems, instead, it caused another problem and leads the information to the Islands of automation. The purpose of this study is to find out how to utilize the advanced information technology and worldwide standadized information specification to establish a 「Plant Information Lifecycle Management-PILM」system for the Process Plant. It is the hope that through the aforesaid system, user can transform their important information into a electronic、structured and standadized formular. In addition, by using the Internet communation and database technology, it can help the user to integrate and share information through this transparent system and ensure the completeness、correctness and consistency of the information quality. There are many phases in the plant engineering operation. Although this study is striving to provide a complete designing framework for the system of 「Plant Information Lifecycle Management」, however ,it is definitely impossible to complete the whole system prototype for this huge system during such a short period. Therefore, this study will focus only on the “Design Phase” based on the core principle “Think Big, Start Small and Scale Fast”. Most of the information will be emerged during the Design Phase, so that, a system prototype for this phase will be designed as an initiative development model. The major conclusions for this study are as follows: 1. The international standards should be adopted by the Turnkey project company. 2. To reduce the plant engineering time, an integral and share environment (the PILM system) should be built. 3. To enhance the competitiveness of the Turnkey project company, a global application platform (i.e. The PILM system) needs to be established. 4. To lift the information quality, the document centric needs to be transformed to data centric. Keyword: ISO 10303, STEP, ISO 15926, Plant Information Lifecycle Management , UML, EPC(Engineering/Procurement/Construction), Turn-Key
83

選擇權與信用衍生性商品之研究 / Essays on Options and Credit Derivatives

傅瑞彬, Fu, Jui Pin Unknown Date (has links)
本研究分為兩個部份,第一部份提出評價選擇權時,應考慮加價利益(Mark-Up Interest)的觀點,第二部份則提出信用違約交換選擇權的新評價模型。 在第一部份,所謂加價利益是指選擇權賣方為彌補採取避險組合後仍可能發生的損失而向選擇權買方收取的風險補償。本研究的方法是將選擇權市價拆解成理論公平賭局價格與加價利益,建立包含加價利益、買賣權平價理論、隱含標的價格與猜測波動度的選擇權評價模型,解決隱含波動度微笑(implied volatility smile)所帶來模型內部不一致的問題。在建立各種情境條件下之加價利益後,可用來評估選擇權市價的合理性,以提升買賣雙方對市價的合理判斷,有利於風險管理者進行選擇權之造市操作與避險。本研究經由對台指選擇權(TXO)的實證結果發現:加價利益受到距到期交易日、價況程度(moneyness)及猜測波動度的影響。 第二部份所提出之信用違約交換選擇權的新評價模型則是延伸Schonbucher ( 2000, 2003, 2004 )、Brigo ( 2004, 2005a, 2005b, 2006 )、Brigo & Mercurio ( 2006 )、Brigo & Morini ( 2005 )、Jamshidian ( 2004 ) 與Wu ( 2006 ) 的研究,以市場上交易之各年期信用違約交換之商品所導出之費率期間內之各單期( single tenor )遠期信用違約交換率之費率端價值做為計價資產,假設各單期遠期違約交換率為對數常態分配下,可以將信用違約交換選擇權拆解為由各單期加總之違約交換選擇權,應用在投資銀行發行許多相同標的但不同起始日、不同到期日之一系列信用違約交換選擇權( CDS options )時,可以具有評價簡易的優勢,吻合各期間之信用市場狀況,避免套利機會,並能運用信用違約交換( CDS ),增進避險與管理信用風險之技術。 / This thesis is composed of two parts. The first part is the standpoint of the “Mark-Up Interest” on options. The second part is the new model about pricing and hedging on credit default swap options. In the first part, the Mark-Up Interest is regarded as the reward on the hedging portfolio to compensate for possible losses. For presenting this, options market prices are decomposed into the fair-game options prices and the Mark-Up Interests. The options pricing model formed with the Mark-Up Interest, put-call parity, implied underlying price, and guessed volatility is used to solve the internal inconsistence caused by the implied volatility smiles. Therefore, the justness of the options market prices could be estimated with the Mark-Up Interests under different scenarios. The result will help the risk manager to do market making and hedging. The empirical results based on the Options on Taiwan Stock Exchange Weighted Stock Index (TXO) in this paper are as follows: The trading days to expiry, moneyness, and guessed volatility are the factors affecting the Mark-Up Interests. The second part of this thesis extends the research on Schonbucher ( 2000, 2003, 2004 ), Brigo ( 2004, 2005a, 2005b, 2006 ), Brigo & Mercurio ( 2006 )、Brigo & Morini ( 2005 ), Jamshidian ( 2004 ) and Wu ( 2006 ). We use the fee leg of the single tenor forward credit default swap rate ( tenor CDS rate ) as numeraire. Under the lognormal distribution assumption on the tenor CDS rate, we decompose a credit default swap option into the sum of tenor CDS options. The result can be used by investment banks to manage credit risk when their derivative book consists of different start-date and end-date CDS options. In addition, our result shows that CDS can be used to hedge against the risk of CDS options. The proposed method helps improve the techniques of hedging and managing credit risk.
84

主從式架構下基於晶格之通行碼認證金鑰交換協定之研究 / A study of password-based authenticated key exchange from lattices for client/server model

鄭逸修 Unknown Date (has links)
基於通行碼之認證金鑰交換協定(Password-based Authenticated Key Exchange)為一項使要進行交換訊息之雙方做相互驗證並產生一把共享金鑰的技術。藉由通訊雙方共享一組通行碼做為身份驗證的依據,並且在驗證結束後產生一把僅有雙方才知道的祕密通訊金鑰,往後進行傳遞機密資訊時即可透過此金鑰建立安全的通訊管道。 本篇論文提出一個在主從式架構(Client/Server model)下基於晶格(lattice)之通行碼認證金鑰交換協定,用戶端只需記錄與伺服器共享之通行碼,而伺服器端除了通行碼外擁有屬於自己的公私鑰對,雙方間透過共享之通行碼進行相互驗證,並且在兩個步驟內完成認證及金鑰交換。在安全性上基於晶格密碼系統之難問題,若未來量子電腦問世能夠抵擋其強大運算能力之攻擊,達到安全且有效率之通行碼認證金鑰協議。 / The password-based authenticated key exchange is a technology that allows both parties to perform mutual authentication and generate a shared session key. They through the shared password as the basis for authentication and generate a session key that is only known by both parties. At last, they can use this key to establish a secure channel to transmit secret message. We propose a password-based authenticated key exchange from lattices for Client-Server model. The client only need to remember the password rather than the private key, and the server except keep the password and its own public/private key pair. Both parties execute the mutual authentication via the shared password and accomplish the key exchange within two steps. The security of our protocol is based on LWE problem for lattices, so it is secure even an attacker uses a quantum computer.
85

隨機利率下之資產交換-跨通貨股酬交換與利率交換的評價與避險 / Asset Swap Under Stochastic Interest Rate__The Pricing and Hedging of Cross-Currency Equity Swap and Interest Rate Swap

姜碧嘉, Chiang, Bi-Chia Unknown Date (has links)
雖然跨通貨股酬交換在國際投資市場扮演著重要的角色,但文獻上關於股酬交換評價模式的相關探討並不多,且多集中於國內市場或以本國貨幣做為支付幣別的股酬交換。對於跨通貨股酬交換而言,其評價模式較國內股酬交換之評價模式複雜許多,如何將影響其價值之股價指數、匯率與利率此三個主要因子間的交互相關性同時加入考量,即是此產品之評價過程的重點。 本文在完全市場的假設下,同時放寬傳統評價方法之各變數之相關係數為固定值的假設,提出一新的股酬交換評價方法,即以『兩階段兩步驟』之較具經濟含意的複製方式,推導出股酬交換的一般化評價公式。透過此複製方法,可更清楚得知股酬交換於存續期間的價值變動,更可進一步求得其避險方式,以提供股酬交換交易商在面臨不對稱風險(mismatch risk)時的避險方法。而本文的第二個貢獻在於,將本文所提出之『兩階段兩步驟』的複製方法應用於利率交換的評價上,推導出跨通貨利率交換的一般化評價模式,以進一步比較股酬交換與利率交換此兩種商品的差異性,並試圖釐清市場上對於跨通貨股酬交換評價上的誤解。 與傳統評價公式最大的差異在於:本文評價公式額外考慮了一修正項,複製投資組合可藉由此修正項,對未來各參數間的變動隨時做出調整,以使投資組合能完全複製跨通貨股酬交換的價值。 本文發現,對於國內投資人支付固定利率,以交換B市場的股價指數報酬,且以C國的貨幣做為支付幣別的跨通貨股酬交換而言,其價值除了受到當期利率期間結構的影響外,在期初或每期交換後,其價值與股價指數無直接關聯,但在兩支付間,其價值則會受到當時股價指數與前期股價指數之相對比例的影響。同時,C國對本國的未來匯率並未直接影響跨通貨股酬交換的價值。且若假設各國遠期利率的波動度為零下,則當B國股價指數與C國對本國的匯率呈現正關係或當B國股價指數與B國對本國的匯率呈現負關係時,跨通貨股酬交換的價值愈大。另外,市場上投資人通常誤認股酬交換的價值等於利率交換價值,對於股酬交換與利率交換的比較,本文發現在大多數的情況下,股酬交換的價值與利率交換的價值並不相等。
86

LMM利率模型下可取消利率交換評價與風險管理 / Cancelable Swap Pricing and Risk Management under LIBOR Market Model

廖家揚, Liao, Chia Yang Unknown Date (has links)
許多公司在發行公司債的時候,會給此公司債一個可提前贖回的特性,此種公司債稱為可贖回公司債(Callable Bond),用來規避利率變動風險的金融商品也與我們熟知的利率交換不同,稱為可取消利率交換(Cancelable Swap)。其實可取消利率交換可以拆解成百慕達利率交換選擇權(Bermudan Swaption)加上利率交換,由於利率交換之評價較簡單也有市場一致的評價方法,因此百慕達利率交換選擇權便成為評價的重點。 評價的部分,由於百慕達式的商品有提前履約的特性,造成其封閉解不存在,因此需要利用其他的近似解或是數值方法來求它的價格。由於本文採用BGM(1997)的市場利率模型(Libor Market Model),其高維度的性質導致數狀方法與有限差分法使用起來較無效率,因此本文選擇使用蒙地卡羅法做為評價的方法,同時利用Longstaff and Schwartz(2001)的最小平方蒙地卡羅法(Least Squares Monte Carlo Method)來解決提前履約的問題。 最後,本文將採用2種利率波動度假設與2種不同利率間相關係數的假設,共4種組合,在歐式利率交換選擇權的市場波動度下進行校準,使用校準出來的參數進行評價來得到4種價格。再進行商品的敏感度分析(Sensitivity Analysis)和風險值(Value at Risk)的計算。
87

量化寬鬆對信用風險的影響-以歐豬五國為例 / The impact of quantitative easing on credit risk in the Eurozone-take PIIGS for example

林顥峰, Lin, Hao Feng Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以事件研究法的方式,研究歐洲央行宣布量化寬鬆(Quantitative Easing, QE)對歐豬五國信用風險的影響,本研究以各國主權信用違約交換的超額報酬顯著性衡量量化寬鬆政策對信用風險的影響。 研究結果為多數的QE政策宣告對歐豬五國信用風險的影響在事件期中有正向有負向,且時常交錯分布,未有一固定的模式,故無法得到一個明確的結論。 / This paper examines the impact of the ECB’s (European Central Bank) quantitative easing program on the credit risk of PIIGS. In this case, we used each underlying countries’ excess return of their sovereign CDSs to identify if their credit risks are decreased significantly. Our finding was that most QE announcements by the ECB had multiple impacts on the credit risk of PIIGS. They had both positive and negative impacts. Also, the patterns were not the same, so we do not have a clear conclusion on whether the QE policies are good or bad for the credit risk of PIIGS.
88

主從關係結構與台灣地方派系之研究

李忠義, LI,ZHONG-YI Unknown Date (has links)
在進入九十年代的今天,政治民主化是許多國人關切的題目之一,選舉的重要性也因 此遞增。回顧過去台灣所舉辦的許多次選舉,地方派系的影響力幾乎上下左右,無所 不在,而且其力量還隨著政治民主化,經濟自由化、社會多元化等過程逐漸加大。過 去許多學者認為地方派系的是由於民眾的偏狹心態與社會的封閉所造成的,是國家現 代化的障礙之一;換言之,現代化的程度與地方派系的影響力是互斥的,但是,在台 灣昂首邁入現代化之時,地方派系的力量不僅未曾削減,反而有日漸增強之勢,因此 ,引起學生研究之興趣。 本論文共分五章,依次如下:第一章:研究動機與目的,共10頁;第二章,主從關 係的理論建構,包括ヾ主從關係的定義;ゝ主從關係的結構特徵;ゞ主從關係的新舊 型式。共30頁;第三章地方派系與資源交換,包括ヾ外來政權與政治支持;ゝ一黨 權威體制的壟斷性支配;ゞ領主的中間人角色;々扈從與選舉競爭;共計40頁。第 四章地方派系在政治發展中的角色,包括ヾ地方派系與黨國;ゝ地方派系與反對者; ゞ地方派系與國家自主性;共計40頁。第五章結論,共計10頁。以上各章節合計 約一百五十頁左右。
89

資產評價觀念在營運管理決策上應用之研究

陳信彥, Chen, Xin-Yan Unknown Date (has links)
第一章說明本論文之研究動機與目的、研究範圍與限制、研究方法及論文結構。第二 章說明管理資訊品質標準、決策種類及營運管理決策之特性。第三章說明歷史成本觀 念之理論基礎,及其與營運決策用成本資訊之關係。第四章說明淨變現價值與其他資 產交換產出價值觀念之理論特性,及淨變現價值在營運決策上之應用。第五章說明變 動成本與其他資產交換投入價值觀念(不包括歷史成本)之理論特性,及變動成本在 短期訂價決策上之應用。第六章為本論文之結論及所提出之若干建議。
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隨機利率下選擇權定價與避險

吳庭斌 Unknown Date (has links)
本論文推導了四種隨機利率下匯率連動選擇權評價模型及其避險比率,其依序為匯率連動選擇權、匯率連動交換選擇權、後定選擇權與匯率連動遠期契約,並比較上述選擇權在隨機利率下與固定利率下評價模型與避險比率之差異。在固定利率下的評價公式與避險比率,其折現因子為固定利率,然而在隨機利率下的評價公式,是以零息債券折現,因此能反映未來利率波動。若發行券商預期未來利率有大幅波動或選擇權的到期日較長時,應使用隨機利率下的評價公式,方能得到較合理的價格。

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