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政府基金運用績效指標建構之研究-德菲法之應用 / A study on the definition of performance indicators for government fund: applying the delphi method.楊惠茹 Unknown Date (has links)
近年來,台灣女性婚配觀念的改變、台灣弱勢男性覓偶不易和產業外移等影響,跨國婚姻、外籍配偶家庭成為台灣男性成家的另一項選擇,因此「外籍配偶」已成為台灣社會第五大族群。根據內政部入出國及移民署與戶政司的統計,自1987年1月至2009年12月止,在台的外籍配偶和大陸配偶人數共計429,495人。
外籍配偶來台後,通常會面臨到一些問題,如:生活適應不良、社會歧視問題、家庭暴力問題、子女教養問題、語言溝通問題及就業問題等,為協助外籍配偶與台灣社會融合並保障其權益,政府自民國92年起即訂定「外籍與大陸配偶照顧輔導措施」,擬具56項具體措施。為更進一步強化新移民協助體系,爰規劃10年籌措成立30億「外籍配偶照顧輔導基金」,以有效整合各界資源,完善外籍配偶照顧輔導網絡。
然而,「外籍配偶照顧輔導基金」運作是否達成預期的效益與績效?基於基金管理運用績效的考量,實有建構基金運用績效評估指標之必要。參考其他政府機關所主管的基金,指標的建構與績效的評估早已經成為一常規。據此,本研究即針對「外籍配偶照顧輔導基金」建構績效指標,並據以用於日後評估「外籍配偶照顧輔導基金」運用的績效。
本研究藉由文獻的蒐集、探討與分析,作為研究之依據,並且採用「德菲法」(Delphi Method)建構「外籍配偶照顧輔導基金」績效評估指標。首先,先探討「外籍配偶照顧輔導基金」成立之背景;其次,透過CIPP評鑑模式規劃出指標初步構想;再者,經由3個回合「德菲法」問卷調查方式彙整出12項已達成專家共識之指標。
最後,本研究提出5項研究建議,以供相關單位未來評估「外籍配偶照顧輔導基金」績效之參考。研究建議包含:設計指標評分表、徵求專家學者意見修改評分表、指標需經過實際試測、指標尚不足應另新增指標項目,以及部分指標執行不易,須再做進一步考量。
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Factors Influencing Hedge Fund Investment Decisions for Sophisticated Investors in Hong Kong何亞萍, Ho, Jo-Anne Unknown Date (has links)
請參照英文摘要 / With progressing transparency of investment activity and structure flexibility, hedge fund has provided investors an attractive investment option. The hedge fund market in Asia appears to have room for further expansion with improving regulatory environment and increasing availability of different products in retail establishments. The research objective is to provide the general investing public and the hedge fund industry in Taiwan more insightful information of how sophisticated investors in Hong Kong relate to hedge fund investment, in order to provide more references for individuals’ hedge fund investment decisions and reflections for the industry to improve marketing strategy. Due to the likeness of the financial climate in both markets, Taiwan could use existing successful implementations and references in Hong Kong for better preparation for hedge funds to enter.
A few important factors influencing both mutual fund and hedge fund investment decisions have been identified from previous researches and surveys conducted by academic scholars and industry professionals. A hedge fund survey is conducted to test these factors and further evaluate other causes influencing hedge fund investment decisions. A total of 31 sophisticated investors in Hong Kong, mostly financial professionals, with 45% current hedge fund investors have participated.
Regression statistics analysis is used for the correlation between the multi-dimension construct measurement towards each factor and the actual percentage of investment in hedge fund of the investors. “Investment risk” has shown moderate positive correlation. “Investment return” and “past performance” have shown fair degree of positive correlation. “Investor’s understanding”, “transparency” and “skill and experience of fund managers” have shown very little or no relationship.
Non-parametric statistics analysis is used for the testing of the multi-dimension construct measurements of the factors between current hedge fund investors and non hedge fund investors with p-values. The measurement of “investment return” for current hedge fund investors is greater than non hedge fund investors. The measurements of “investor’s understanding”, “investment risk”, “past performance”, “transparency” and “skill and experience of fund managers” of current hedge fund investors are not greater than non hedge fund investors.
“Skill and experience of fund managers” has been ranked as the most important factor influencing individual hedge fund investment decisions. “Investor’s understanding” has been ranked as the most important aspect that needs improvement for the hedge fund industry. For current hedge fund investors, 43% have hedge fund investment which accounts for 15%-30% of their total assets. Seventy-two percent of current hedge fund investors are likely to increase allocation to hedge fund investment. Sixty-four percent of non hedge fund investors are likely to invest in hedge funds.
This thesis comes to the conclusion that these factors are clearly variables that influence investor’s hedge fund investment decisions. Nevertheless, investors are advised to have thorough understanding of the characteristics specifically related to hedge funds when making investment decisions. It is hoped that the hedge fund industry and regulators would incorporate these aspects for hedge fund product design and marketing. This thesis proposes several aspects to the investors and hedge fund industry in Taiwan with suggestions.
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指數股票型基金投資組合最適避險策略 / A Study on ETF Portfolio and Optimal Hedging Strategy田玲菱 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以台灣投資人的角度,探討是否可利用指數股票型基金來建構投資組合,以期能較投資於單一市場能有更佳的投資績效。同時利用期貨契約進行價格、匯率風險之規避。
在2002年8月至2005年1月的研究期間,本研究之投資組合現貨部分,是利用24支於美國證券交易所上市之指數股票型基金與台灣TTT,套用傳統之Markowitz平均數—變異數模式,並考慮不同程度之Home-Bias下,建構出六群組的投資組合。避險策略部分,乃使用交叉避險模型,利用S&P500指數期貨、美元指數期貨、台股期貨進行避險,以期達到持有期間風險最小之目的。並根據匯率的波動情形,再將樣本區分為匯率波動較和緩與相對劇烈的兩子期間。以探討在上述投資策略下,國際投資組合在避險前後是否同樣具有分散風險之優勢,以及避險前後的績效差異,最終希望能對台灣投資人在投資決策上有一適當建議。
本文重要結論如下:
1.本文選取之指數股票型基金,大多數具有複製指數報酬之能力。但是,其投資風險並非僅單純反應當地股市之變動,而是存在部分風險來自掛牌市場的變動。
2.台灣人利用投資指數股票型基金,的確能達到風險分散之目的。避險後,能更加強投資組合在風險分散上的優勢,平均而言,與僅投資於台灣股市相比,未避險之投資組合能降低標準差約15%,避險後之投資組合能再降低標準差約33%。
3.管投資人欲規避的是價格風險或是匯率風險,維持一貫的風險趨避態度並以期貨契約管理,反而是一種機會的損失。如果希望能在價格風險因子呈現有利走勢時仍要避險,不宜使用本研究所使用之追求變異最小之避險模型來設定策略。
4.用期貨契約進行最適避險策略,以等比例投資組合的避險績效最佳。可能之原因為,等比例投資組合其權重相等,配合此避險策略,能同時兼顧匯率風險與股市風險,故避險效果較佳。
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保險安定基金相關法律問題之研究 / Study of Insurance Market Stabilization Fund林瑩姮, Lin,Ying-Heng Unknown Date (has links)
保險安定基金制度係:設立一基金或法人,當保險人有失卻清償能力或失卻清償能力之虞,致無法履行保險給付責任或負擔契約責任時,由其負擔給付或保護保戶權益之制度。因此,當發生保險公司失卻清償能力之情形,保險安定基金將成為保障保戶權益的最後一道防線,其制度完備與否,至關重大。
本文以我國保險安定基金法制為中心,研究各國關於保險業退場機制之立法例設計,並將之與保險安定基金或其類似制度做一連結探討,如:美國保險安定基金、英國金融服務補償機制,日本支付保證制度等。雖然各國在資金募集與補償方式等方面各有差異,但皆致力於減輕保險公司失卻清償能力對保戶與社會金融秩序所可能造成的損害。本文介紹目前我國保險法規定下之保險安定基金法制架構,並針對現行法可能衍生的問題進行分析討論,如:保險安定基金之功能定位、徵收方式、墊付限額、規模適足性等,最後提出相關建議供立法者與主管機關參考。 / An insurance guaranty fund is set up to cover an insolvent insurer’s financial obligations, within statutory limits, to policyholders, beneficiaries, annuitants, and third-party claimants. The basic purpose of it is to protect policyholders, beneficiaries, annuitants, and third-party claimants against losses which might occur due to an insolvency of an insurer. Consequently, when an insurer is impaired or insolvent, the system is complete or not is quite important.
At first, this study researches the insurance insolvency law of Taiwan and other developed countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan. Even if there are many differences in the coverage, statutory limits, and how the funds are assessed, their purposes are the same , that is to reduce the damage might caused by insolvency of an insurer. Moreover, the study focuses on the insurance market stabilization fund law in Taiwan. After discuss the issues and problems which are encountered, the suggestions for resolving such issues and problems are submitted as the conclusion of this study.
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共同基金風格飄移分析 / Style drift of mutual funds陳沛鈞 Unknown Date (has links)
我們利用Sharpe(1992)所提出的return-based模型來分析台灣經理人的風格遷移狀況。基金經理人的投資風格在分析面上,通常假設是定態不變的,意即不隨時間改變而變化。但是事實上,這是一個動態改變的過程。基金投資說明書上常常明定此基金經理人限制投資在哪類型的股票,但是基金經理人有可能依照不同的市場情況以及時機,從原先偏向小型股的經理人,轉而變成投資大型股的經理人。我們用rolling-window迴歸式的係數結果來估計風格以及計算參考Idzorek & Bertsch (2004)的風格遷移分數來為台灣一般共同基金經理人締訂一個比較指標,我們也利用計算出的風格係數畫出資產權數分配圖,經由此圖,我們亦可以觀察到基金經理人投資風格隨著時間經過的整個改變過程。風格遷移分數提供我們一個量化的方法來衡量風格遷移的現象,因為較早的研究文獻只有提供一個質化的圖型做大約的估計,因此這個風格分數提供了我們一個很好的輔助工具,將質化的圖形輔以量化的分數做整合搭配比較。
根據Brown and Harlow (2002)的結論,基金經理人投資風格的一致性以及基金表現績效有正相關的關係,意即當基金經理人的投資風格越一致,基金的表現就會越好,但是在我們的數據裡面這個關係並不顯著。 / We provide an introduction to utilize the return based style model of Sharpe (1992) to analyze the style drift of mutual fund managers in Taiwan in practice. Often the investment style is assumed to be constant through time but it actually is dynamic. We use rolling regressions to estimate the style exposures and calculate style drift score (Idzorek & Bertsch 2004) to produce the allocated maps. We can clearly see the changing process over time by the maps. SDS provides a single quantitative measure of style drift over the sample period because earlier research has only provided a qualitative method to approximately estimate.
Brown and Harlow (2002) conclude that there is a positive relationship between investment style consistency and performance but in our sample the relation between score and fund performance is not obvious.
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兒童哲學在台灣-毛毛蟲兒童哲學基金會發展史(1976~2010) / Philosophy for children in Taiwan:the development history of caterpillar philosophy for children foundation (1976-2010)錢宥伶 Unknown Date (has links)
兒童哲學 (philosophy for children) 為美國哲學教授Mattew Lipman (1992-2010) 創始,是美國批判教育思潮下的教育實驗方案之一。兒童哲學在台灣發展始自1975年,結合本土教育理念西方教育思潮,卻未受既有理論框架侷限,在台灣社會文化及教育環境中持續發展。毛毛蟲兒童哲學基金會為台灣唯一以「推廣兒童哲學教學與研究」為宗旨的非營利機構,長達三十多年的推廣閱讀及師資培訓,其發展脈絡歷經台灣解嚴、經濟發展、教育改革等背景相互呼應,呈現「以兒童哲學批判思考引起社會回應,再以實踐建構理論」的特殊歷程。
本研究以歷史研究法,透過目的式隨機抽樣,訪談14位在台灣參與兒童哲學、投入兒童哲學推廣或教學工作,以及曾參與毛毛蟲組織運作發展,長時間深入瞭解毛毛蟲之對象,將重要訪談內容輔以實物資料之分析,描繪兒童哲學在台灣發展的歷史面貌,探索兒童哲學文化群體的價值信念和行為。研究提出兒童哲學在台灣所呈現的「開放性概念」是重要發展特色,卻同時也是最大挑戰,以致較難在短時間內成功培訓具兒童哲學思維的教師。最後,本研究建議教師應透過不斷嘗試、觀察、自省、檢視、修正,跳脫觀念的既定框架及對權威的倚賴,將經驗轉化成為研究熱情,共同成為台灣兒童哲學的開拓者。
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台灣固定收益基金投資人的擇時能力 / The timing ability of Taiwan fixed income mutual fund investors王玨珵, Wang, Chueh Chen Unknown Date (has links)
有越來越多的文獻研究提出「聰明錢」存在的證據,證明基金投資人有能力預測未來會賺錢的贏家基金。在這個議題之下,本研究主要探討台灣債券型基金市場裡是否存在「聰明錢」現象。藉由Friesen and Sapp (2007)以及Keswani and Stolin (2008)所使用的研究方法,本研究得以發掘投資人擇時能力在。我們的實證結果發現,基金投資人整體而言沒有呈現顯著擇時能力,因此沒有明確證據支持的「聰明錢」效果的存在。投資人的基金投資績效反而往往受到不佳的擇時決策所影響。此外,即便投資人展現選擇贏家基金的能力,其獲利也往往被不良的賣出決定所侵蝕。而且,挑選贏家基金的能力也似乎是短暫的。另外,研究結果亦指出機構投資人的績效穩定優於散戶投資人,其部分原因是散戶投資人在面對較高的搜尋成本時,傾向於選擇規模較大但費用較高的基金,因此降低其投資報酬率。整體而言,本研究的建議是,在台灣債券型基金市場裡宜採取買進持有的投資策略。
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我國退休基金監理機制之探討 / A Study on Supervision Mechanism of Retirement Fund in Taiwan藍元駿, Lan, Yuan Chun Unknown Date (has links)
考量社會之發展與型態變遷,以及面對國內人口結構急遽老化,政府應建立一套完善的退休基金監理制度,以保障老年退休生活經濟安全。本研究借鏡國外政府基金監理組織之運作經驗,並由行政、法律、政治等面向,分析我國退休基金監理機制長期發展之情形,並進行統整性的規劃與周延性之探討,以找尋其最適合的監理模式,達到退休基金健全及永續發展之目的,進而滿足社會各界對其發展的價值期待。
本研究透過深度訪談之方式,共訪談政府機關代表2名、退休基金協會1名及專家學者4名。據本研究發現,我國退休基金監理組織型態、運作以及退休金制度上存在些許問題,如:獨立性缺乏、專業性不足、風險性過度集中…等。因此,本研究綜合文獻資料與訪談結果,歸納結論,且針對現有退休基金監理機制之問題,提出退休基金監理機制及其後續研究之相關建議,希冀改善我國退休基金監理機制所面臨之困境,並就我國退休基金監理機制之缺失或不足之處,提出建議及改善,以確保退休基金監理有效運作,保障退休人員權益。 / With the development of Taiwanese society, the pattern of social change, and the rapidly aging population in Taiwan, the Taiwanese government will need to create a comprehensive supervision mechanism for retirement funds to ensure citizen’s financial safety during retirement. The purpose of this research is to find the most suitable governmental supervision mechanism that can ensure retirement funds remain healthy and sustainable in the long-term, and can demonstrate to the public that this is a worthwhile endeavour. This research organises, analyses and discusses the operational experience of foreign governments with retirement funds and the long-term development of a supervision mechanism of such funds in Taiwan from an administrative, legal and political standpoint.
For this research, in-depth interviews with two government representatives, a person from the Pension Fund Association and four specialists were conducted. It was identified that there are still some problems with the structure and operation of the supervision mechanism and of the Taiwanese pension system itself. Some example issues are the lack of independence and expertise, and excessive concentration of risk. By bringing together the learnings from the literature and interviews, this study offers suggestions on how to overcome the challenges that the current supervision mechanism of retirement funds faces and how to progress with future investigation. In addition, this research suggests methods to improve the aspects of the supervision mechanism that have been lacking or insufficient, hoping to ensure that it operates effectively to protect the rights of retired citizens.
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開發中國家的政策執行理論--台北市兒童福利政策個案分析王蘊嶠, WANG, YUN-JIAO Unknown Date (has links)
本論文係以政策執行理論,就台北市兒童福利政策作一個案分析。
全文壹冊。計分五章,共約五萬字,各章內容要點如次:
第一章為緒論。說明本研究之目的、方法、範圍及限制。
第二章為概念架構。依據福利政策的特性,參考學者論述及個人見解,建構一政策執
行架構,就政策內容(content )因素及政策網路(context )因素探討政策執行的
動態過程。
第三章說明台北市兒童福利現況。就台北市兒童福利政策的組織結構,服務網路及其
實施內容做一概述。
第四章為結論。提出本研究之結論及建議。
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我國指數股票型基金上市後之績效分析王韻晴 Unknown Date (has links)
從投資組合理論與效率市場假說來看,影響投資績效之主要因素為資產配置而非選股或擇時能力,相關之實証亦發現主動式投資策略並無法獲得持續優於大盤的報酬,因此被動式投資策略將是一較佳的選擇。自先鋒集團在1976年率先推出指數基金之後,此類指數化投資商品即呈現指數化成長。而我國亦在2003年6月30日正式推出第一檔指數股票型基金「臺灣50指數股票型基金,簡稱TTT」。
本論文以投資人的角度來分析TTT之報酬率及成交量,從追蹤誤差及溢折價來觀察基金之報酬率,研究造成追蹤誤差之主要影響因子為何與實物創造或贖回機制是否能有效發揮功用,使TTT之市價可貼進基金淨值,以免如同封閉型基金大都折價交易,而影響投資人之獲利率。此外,更進一步比較TTT與其他指數化商品之差異性以供投資人選擇投資標的時參考。
本研究發現影響追蹤誤差之因素主要為指數成份股之增刪、公眾流通係數之調整與現金股利的發放。雖然在短期下上述因素會影響基金報酬,但長期而言基金報酬與指數相當,甚或更為略高,故在衡量長期績效時臺灣50指數可做為一良好的報酬指標。而從溢折價來分析時,由於市場交易機制,使得TTT自上市以來之流動性不足,市場效率性不高,溢折價幅度較大。此點與成交量之分析結果一致,研究發現TTT之成交量並未因出現套利機會而顯著增加,投資人買賣TTT主要在於避險或投機需求。
雖然現階段我國尚未出現指數基金,但若未來有出現類似之商品時,在目前我國停徵證券交易所得稅的環境下,投資金額的大小將非決定選擇指數基金或TTT之關鍵因素,投資期間與「質」的因素才是主要關鍵。當投資期間愈長,TTT之高交易成本的影響程度將降低,其可在盤中隨時買賣及低追蹤誤差等「質」方面的優勢將提高,TTT將相對較具吸引力。而臺灣50指數期貨由於交易成本及流動性風險較高,因而投資人較不偏好操作臺灣50指數期貨。
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