本研究旨在探討國民小學教師創新班級經營與班級經營效能之間的關係。主要研究目的有五：（一）瞭解國民小學教師創新班級經營及班級經營效能之內涵與現況。（二）瞭解國民小學教師不同背景變項於創新班級經營上之差異情形。（三）瞭解創新班級經營之得分低、中、高三組教師於班級經營效能得分之差異情形。（四）瞭解國民小學教師創新班級經營與班級經營效能之相關情形。（五）瞭解國民小學教師創新班級經營對班級經營效能之預測情形。 本研究採問卷調查法，以宜蘭縣、基隆市、臺北市、臺北縣及桃園縣等北區五縣市之公立國民小學教師為研究對象，使用「國民小學教師創新班級經營量表」及「國民小學教師班級經營效能量表」為研究工具，共計發出問卷1200份，回收875份，有效問卷865份，問卷可用率為72.08%。所蒐集資料以描述統計、ｔ考驗、單因子單變量及多變量變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、典型相關及多元逐步迴歸等方法進行統計分析。本研究主要發現如下： 一、目前國民小學教師創新班級經營表現良好，以「重新思考」表現最佳，而「重新指派」表現相對較弱。 二、目前國民小學教師班級經營效能良好，以「教師教學效能」最佳，而「教室領導技巧」相對較弱。 三、教師人口變項與學校環境變項中，性別、年齡、服務年資、任教年級、學校所在地及學校規模在創新班級經營上有差異性存在；然而，最高學歷在創新班級經營上並未呈現差異性。 四、不同創新班級經營程度之國民小學教師於班級經營效能上具有差異性。 五、國民小學教師之創新班級經營與班級經營效能之間具有中度的正向關聯。 六、國民小學教師之創新班級經營與班級經營效能之間具有顯著的典型相關。 七、國民小學教師之創新班級經營對班級經營效能具有正向的預測作用；其中， 教師「重新定量」作為乃影響其班級經營效能之關鍵因素。 最後，根據上述研究結果提出具體建議，供教育行政機關、國民小學、國民小學教師，以及後續研究參考。 / This study focused on the relationship between teacher’s innovation classroom management and classroom management effectiveness in the elementary school. The main purposes of this study include: 1. Investigating the concept and current circumstance of teacher’s innovation classroom management and classroom management effectiveness. 2. Investigating the differences within teacher’s innovation classroom management of various teacher’s demographic variables and school environment variables. 3. Investigating the differences within classroom management effectiveness of low, middle and high teacher’s innovation classroom management degree. 4. Investigating the correlation between teacher’s innovation classroom management and classroom management effectiveness. 5. Investigating the prediction of teacher’s innovation classroom management on classroom management effectiveness. The study was adopted by questionnaire survey method. The subjects were teachers from public elementary schools in Yi-Lang county, Kee-Lung city, Taipei city, Taipei county, and Tao-Yuang county. The researcher used“The innovation classroom management scale”and “The classroom management effectiveness scale” as instruments. The researcher distributed 1200 questionnaires, retrieved 875 ones, and obtained 865 valid ones. Therefore, the available rate of questionnaires was 72.08%. Acquired data were analyzed by statistical methods including descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, one-way MANOVA, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, canonical correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The main findings were found as follows: 1. The current circumstance of teacher’s innovation classroom management in the elementary school was good. It performed best at “rethink”, but by contrast poorly at “reassign”. 2. The current circumstance of teacher’s classroom management effectiveness in the elementary school was good. It performed best at “teaching effectiveness”, but by contrast poorly at “leadership skills”. 3. There existed significant differences among gender, age, seniority, teaching grade, school location, and school size for teacher’s innovation classroom management, but did not exist significant differences within academic background. 4. There existed significant differences among low, middle, and high-level teacher’s innovation classroom management for teacher’s classroom management effectiveness. 5. There was moderate positive correlation between teacher’s innovation classroom management and classroom management effectiveness. 6. There was a significant canonical correlation between teacher’s innovation classroom management and classroom management effectiveness. 7. Teacher’s innovation classroom management could positively predict classroom management effectiveness. Furthermore, the best predictor for classroom management effectiveness was “reduce”. Eventually, some constructive suggestions based on the results were proposed for the educational administration agencies, teacher education institutions, elementary schools, elementary school teachers, and further research.

本研究針對幼稚園園長為對象，旨在瞭解創意人格特質與創新經營之內涵與現況，探討其關係，進而建構及驗證其互動模式，並依據研究結果提出建議。 首先進行文獻探討，作為架構研究之理論基礎；接著，邀請八位教育專家填寫專家意見問卷、問卷調查750位幼稚園園長（區分為北中南三區域，共發出750份問卷，有效卷481份）、訪談三位教育現場實務者，以分析現況，驗證理論；最後，依據研究果進行討論與結論建議。本研究主要發現如下： 一、幼稚園園長知覺創意人格特質對創新經營具重要性 二、不同背景變項的幼稚園園長在創意人格特質及創新經營達顯著差異 三、知覺創意人格特質不同程度對創新經營表現上有顯著差異 四、創意人格特質與創新經營具有關連性 五、驗證創意人格特質對創新經營模式佳 / The main purpose of this study was to investigate the creative personality and innovative management of kindergarten principals in Taiwan. The study included literature analysis, survey method with an interview, and survey method with a questionnaire.The purpose of literature analysis was aimed to explore the creative personality and innovative management of kindergarten principals. The purpose of survey method with 8 specialists were aimed to explore the opinions of specialists. Questionnaire of survey based on opinions of kindergarten principals about the creative personality and innovative management of kindergarten principals. The subjects of the questionnaire included principals of the kindergarten in Taiwan.

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企業所需要的優秀人才，必須具備「能力條件」與「人格特質」兩個面向條件，這是所有現代化企業都同意的觀點，然而，這兩個大面向均為籠統的概念，能否展開到更具體的、甚至有客觀衡量標準的要項，而且在不同階段都可能成為影響工作表現的關鍵因子。各企業間就有相當大的差異，甚至連企管學界的說法也都莫衷一是。因此，如何歸納出最重要的幾個判斷項目？要如何判讀？成為所有組織任用人的關鍵。 本文嘗試以個案研討的方式，說明個案公司如何基於其企業的特質與經營模式，如何透過擷取認知神經科學的學理，彙整出一套系統化的「讀人識人模式」，並輔以問卷調查的深度訪談，針對使用該模式的高階主管，印證該模式的實用性、不足與侷限處，嘗試了解系統化的建構一套判讀人的能力潛質與人格特質之可行性。

本論文以漢譯大、小乘《涅槃經》為研究對象，依循經典本身的敘事脈絡，運用相關的敘事學理論，從情節結構、空間場景、人物形象等敘事要素，分析比較大、小乘《涅槃經》的敘事特色與思想主題，尋繹兩類經典間的互文性軌跡。並於敘事文本分析的基礎上，探討佛般涅槃故事敘事策略的轉向與佛教教理承衍轉變的發展關係。 本論文共為六章，第一章說明本文研究動機、研究範圍，綜述前人研究成果，說明研究方法及目的。 第二章《遊行經》作為小乘《涅槃經》的代表，藉用敘事學的空間理論探討小乘《涅槃經》空間敘事的語義內涵，以見小乘《涅槃經》的敘事特色與主題意涵，建立比較大、小乘《涅槃經》的論述基礎。 第三章以大乘《涅槃經》〈序品〉為中心，依佛陀展現的三次涅槃意象，分析依序出場的涅槃會眾，並探討敘述者介紹各組涅槃會眾時所隱含的敘事聲調。說明大乘《涅槃經》敘述者如何建構壯麗宏闊的敘事場景，一掃小乘《涅槃經》中眾人悲啼不捨的哀戚氛圍，將佛陀涅槃的雙樹空間重構成大乘涅槃空間，奠定大乘《涅槃經》的敘事基調。 第四章以大乘《涅槃經》的人物敘事為線索，透過對比大、小乘《涅槃經》的出場人物與情節意涵的改寫，說明大乘《涅槃經》承襲小乘敘事資源的同時，如何改寫故事情節、敘事主題以為己用，並將聖弟子的典範由聲聞比丘改為大乘菩薩。 第五章以「如來常住不滅」為討論中心，分別從示現說的理論建構、人物的語言風格，以及事件的重述與改寫，探討大乘《涅槃經》的敘述者如何借用佛陀語言的權威性與敘事策略，來填補小乘、大乘《涅槃經》在主題思想與故事情節的落差，進而將小乘《涅槃經》的佛陀入滅改寫為法身常住，實不涅槃。次從時間類型與敘事結構分析兩類《涅槃經》，說明大乘《涅槃經》以佛陀色身的循環示現、如來法身的永恆存在打破小乘《涅槃經》的歷史時間，使佛陀般入涅槃敘事素材超越有為生滅變化，成為涅槃常樂我淨、法性常住無有變異的哲理性論述。 第六章〈結論〉分別從敘事策略的轉向與佛教法義的承衍兩方面，說明大、小乘《涅槃經》的敘事意涵與文本效應，藉此總結本論文研究成果。

海外經營方式會影響廠商能否成功達成其對外投資目的，本研究主要目的在探討廠商海外事業經營方式之影響因素，借由經濟部2007年製造業對外投資實況調查，透過廠商特性、投資動機、地主國特性及營運特性四大面向進行討論，運用兩階段Multinomial Logit Model進行實證分析。經第一階段實證研究發現，擴張型市場動機、經濟動機、策略動機及原料來源是廠商選擇海外事業經營製造業、銷售服務業或同時經營製造及銷售服務業的影響因素；第二階段實證則發現經濟動機及母子公司分工關係是影響製造業廠商海外經營代工、自有產品或同時經營代工與自有產品製造的影響因素。 實證說明多項變數使臺灣海外投資廠商傾向同時經營製造及銷售服務業，亦會讓海外經營製造業之廠商同時經營代工及自有產品製造，實證結果可提供臺灣廠商海外事業經營之參考。

本文利用分量迴歸方法探討經濟成長和經濟波動間的關係，使用亞洲10個主要經濟體的實質GDP季資料來進行分析。從實證結果發現，大部分國家在大多數分量下產出波動對實質GDP成長率有正向影響，唯有在某些國家當經濟成長率低時產出波動對經濟成長會有負面影響。另外，進一步考慮了產出波動結構性改變因素之後，基本上仍然不會改變波動性對經濟成長率的影響，產出波動變數同樣在大多數國家的大部分分量對GDP成長率有顯著影響，其中高所得國家在高低分量皆為正相關；中低所得國家在低分量下為負相關，高分量下為正相關。此結果顯示，即使在同一個國家資料中，經濟波動的影響也會隨著經濟成長率的高低而有所不同；此外，因為不同國家有不同所得水準，所受到的正、反向影響也會不一樣。 / This thesis employs the quantile regression model to investigate the link between economic growth and its volatility, using quarterly real GDP data for ten main Asian economies. Our empirical results show that the output growth volatility positively affects real GDP growth rate at most quantiles for most nations. Only when some countries are at a period of low economic growth, does output volatility negatively affect economic growth. In addition, after considering possible structural breaks in the GDP growth volatility, the relation between volatility and output growth rate stays qualitatively the same. That is, the output volatility still has significant impact on real GDP growth rate at most quantiles for most nations. For high income countries, volatility and economic growth are positively correlated at higher and lower quantiles; while for low and middle income countries, these two factors are negatively correlated at lower quantiles, and positively correlated at higher quantiles. Our empirical evidence indicates that even in the same country, the impact of volatility varies according to the country’s economic growth rate. Besides, due to different income levels, the volatility impact on economic growth rate will differ in different countries.

觀看過去一般台灣連鎖商場事業，在「坪坪計較」的選體模式下，匯聚眾家精品名牌為商場舞台燈之所在。而在創意經濟潮流之下，漸漸的，許多添加了在地智慧與職人精神的在地品牌與新銳設計開始有機會露出於通路商場之中。當商場中的進駐品牌，背後都有他有意思的地方時；當商場越來越不像商場的時候，成為一個文化場域時；當商場內的體驗活動，無形中讓顧客主動的參與度變得更高時，這時候顧客就願意停留在這個地方更久，與這個地方產生連結感，並創造難忘的回憶。 總是聽說「文化是好生意」，而商場如何運用在地創意生活事業家的智慧與成果，以通路力量將這些吸飽風土涵養的微型文創送上舞台呢，更進一步成為台灣對向世界的文化櫥窗呢？而商場更要擁有什麼樣的能耐與經營模式讓顧客感受到在地創意生活的魅力，進而達成其營運價值與目標？故此，本研究由此著眼，主要探討三項研究問題。 一、複合式創意生活商場與進駐品牌之互動特點？ 二、複合式創意生活商場中，其營運組織之特色？ 三、複合創意生活商場與顧客的互動關係？ 為了解複合式創意生活產業，如何運用體驗經濟思維創造在地文化場域，因此選擇以台灣在地生活為商場營運提案之兩家企業：誠品生活松菸店與林百貨，作為個案研究對象。 本研究發現，創意生活商場主要以開發在地創意生活潛力品牌為選題邏輯，也因在地品牌與商場有深刻在地情感連結之下，願意相互配合，而商場透過其空間力「撫育」品牌，也強化未來商場匯聚品牌之力道。在經營面向上，創意生活商場需要結合商場組織與成員之經歷與學習，將知識轉移成為商場經營核心能耐，而最後需要以創意生活商場為互動平台，創造商場、進駐品牌與顧客之互動，例如主題式活動或體驗販售，以體驗共創來為三方帶來價值，而商場群聚有共同體認者，進一步能成為在地美學社群。 / The term “Experience Economy” was first delineated in an article published in 1998 by B. Joseph Pine II and James H. Gilmore, named "The Experience Economy". In it they described the experience economy as the next economy following the agrarian economy, the industrial economy, and the most recent service economy. In the trend of experience economy, or so-called “Creative Economy”, people place a high value on local experience and craftsmanship in shopping mall instead of caring the size of the space solely. On these conditions, the concept of traditional shopping mall has been transformed into “Creative Living Mall.” Creative living mall operates businesses that orchestrate memorable events for their customers, and that memory itself becomes the product — the "experience". In order to understand how to better leverage the value of experience and memory in creative living mall, this study attempts to discuss the dynamics between creative living mall operators and the brands, the interactions with customers, and the organizational management. Two cases investigated in this study are eslite and HAYASHI. This thesis shed lights on the importance and the meaning of co-creation of memories and experiences in creative living mall. Literature review and in-depth interviewing of the one-year long research led to the following conclusions. First, creative living mall and local brands are emotionally connected to achieve co-existence and co-flourishing. Therefore, co-existence can then offers to both malls and brands enormous growth potential. Second, the operating teams of malls come from diverse and extensive related expertise background. These local and cultural working experiences combine to create precious knowledge and know-how, and further build core competence. Last but not least, this study concludes that customers, malls and local brands are the essence of the value creation system. This value system can further create an environment that fosters the formation of aesthetic community.

本論文之研究目的在於探討1992-2000年期間俄羅斯政經環境對台俄經貿關係之影響。台灣與俄羅斯的貿易自1992年開始，貿易量雖有起伏，但大體來說仍可謂是正成長。然而，當俄羅斯開始走向市場經濟路線、施行震盪療法，經濟轉型不如預期中的順利，再加上金融風暴的發生，導致俄羅斯經濟一蹶不振。到1998年時，由於受到盧布大幅貶值，造成我國部分業者無法收到貨款或訂單被取消，使得業者暫停對俄貿易而改採觀望的態度，台俄貿易量也為之遽減。由此我們發現，俄羅斯政經狀況對台俄經貿關係有相當程度的影響。本論文認為俄羅斯的政治環境與經濟情勢是影響台俄經貿之主因；而由於當前俄羅斯的政經情勢逐漸轉好，因此可以預期未來的台俄經貿情況將會漸至佳境。此一假設命題可再引申為下列邏輯相關的子命題： （一）俄羅斯的政治環境對台俄經貿關係的影響有正、負兩方面 1. 俄羅斯的國內政治環境與對台俄經貿關係的影響為正相關 2. 中俄關係對台俄經貿關係的影響為負相關 （二）俄羅斯的經濟情勢對台俄經貿關係的影響為正相關 1. 俄羅斯的經濟改革對台俄經貿關係的影響為正相關 2. 俄羅斯的經濟體質對台俄經貿關係的影響為正相關 3. 俄羅斯的銀行體系對台俄經貿關係的影響為正相關 （三）根據H-O定理，台俄經貿仍有相當大的發展空間。加上普欽執政後，俄羅斯政經情勢逐漸改善，因此可以預期未來的台俄經貿情況必然會漸至佳境。 上述的三個子命題，構成本論文的核心論點；而對應此三個論點，本論文將分六章探討。第一章為緒論，說明研究動機與研究目的、文獻述評與研究方法、假設命題與研究架構。第二章：台俄經貿之開展及商品結構。此章分為兩節：分別為台俄經貿之開始與推展及台俄貿易之商品結構。第三章：俄羅斯之政治環境對台俄經貿關係的影響。此章分為三節：分別為俄羅斯國內政治環境對台俄經貿關係的影響、中俄關係對台俄經貿關係的影響及小結。第四章：俄羅斯之經濟情勢對台俄經貿關係的影響。本章將先說明俄羅斯的經濟改革，再從俄羅斯的經濟體質及銀行體系兩方面，探討俄羅斯之經濟環境對台俄經貿關係的影響。第五章：台俄經貿的未來走向。本章將依據三、四章之討論結果，對台俄經貿的未來走向做預測。本章分為三節：普欽執政後的政治環境、普欽執政後的經濟情勢及小結。第六章：結論。總結整個論文之重點及研究之結果。 / This thesis is to discuss the influence of Russian Political and economic environment to Taiwan-Russia economy and trade during the period of 1992-2000. Taiwan-Russia trade has started since 1992. Roughly speaking, the amount of the trade was growing. However, when Russia started to change their economic strategy, and carried out the shock therapy, the route of economic reform was not as smooth as expected. The outbreak of financial crisis leaded to the crash of Russia economy. In 1998, some Taiwanese businessmen couldn’t receive payment of goods or the orders were canceled because of the evaluation of ruble. It has made those businessmen change their attitude and stop trading with their Russian counterparts. The amount of Taiwan-Russia trade became decreasing. According to this reason, we found that Russia political and economic situations have great impact upon Taiwan-Russian economic and trade relationship. This dissertation is taking the position that Russian political environments and Russia economic situations are the main reason which influent the economy and trade relation between Taiwan and Russia’s economy and trade relation between Taiwan and Russia. The present Russia political and economic situations are getting better, so we can forecast that Taiwan-Russia economic and trade situation will be better and better in the future. This hypothesis can be further developed into the following three logically intertwined propositions： (一) The impact of Russian political environments upon Taiwan-Russia economy and trade relationship has both positive and negative sides. 1. The impact of Russian domestic political environments upon Taiwan-Russia economy and trade relationship is positive. 2. The impact of China-Russia relation upon Taiwan-Russia economy and trade relationship is negative. (二) The impact of Russian economic situation upon Taiwan-Russia economy and trade relationship is positive. 1. The impact of Russian economic reform upon Taiwan-Russia economy and trade relationship is positive. 2. The impact of Russian economic construction upon Taiwan-Russia economy and trade relationship is positive. 3. The impact of Russian banking system upon Taiwan-Russia economy and trade relationship is positive. (三) According to H-O therapy, the economy and trade between Taiwan and Russia still have large potential. After Putin took power, the Russia political and economic situation gets better. Therefore, we can forecast that Taiwan-Russia economic and trade situation will be better and better in the future. These three interwoven propositions above constitute the core points of this thesis. In accordance with these points, this thesis will be discussed in six chapters. Chapter 1 is introduction, it will explain the motivation, purpose, method, hypothesis and framework of this study. Chapter 2：The start and goods structure of Taiwan-Russia economic and trade. This chapter has two sections, they are the start of Taiwan-Russia economy and trade and the structure of Taiwan-Russia economic and trade. Chapter 3：The impact of Russian political environment to Taiwan-Russia economy and trade relation. This chapter has three sections, including the impact of Russian domestic political environment upon Taiwan-Russia economy and trade relationship, the impact of China-Russia relation upon Taiwan-Russia economy and trade relationship, and the initial conclusion. Chapter 4：The impact of Russian economic situation upon Taiwan-Russia economy and trade relationship. In this chapter, first we explain the Russian economic reform. Then we discuss Taiwan-Russia economic and trade relation through the aspects of Russian economic construction and the Russian banking system. Chapter 5：The trend of Taiwan-Russia economic and trade relation in the future. This chapter will make a forecast to the trend of Taiwan-Russia economy and trade relation. This chapter has three sections, including the political environment after Putin took power, the economic situation after Putin took power, and the initial conclusion. Chapter 6：Conclusion.

政府開放赴大陸投資二十年，逐漸放寬對大陸投資限制，在大陸廣大市場商機誘因下，對大陸投資規模日益擴大，投資業別亦擴及服務業，對大陸投資形成新局面，究竟兩岸經貿政策對台商赴中國大陸投資影響如何，乃為本研究動機。 本研究採文獻分析與焦點座談暨深度訪談法，經由次級資料分析，兩岸經貿政策鬆綁對台灣競爭力、經濟成長、貿易、商港貨櫃裝卸量及來台旅客均呈現成長。另一方面，近年主要產品在海外生產比重增加，我國在美國、日本、大陸進口市場佔有率逐漸下滑，台商在台灣採購設備及零組件比率降低，且台商在海外研發當地化情形日益明顯。另一方面產學界專家認為政府輔導策略首先應強化在大陸之聯繫網絡；善用台商在大陸既有通路，以整體行銷台灣產品；引導創新研發及高階製程留在台灣；政府加速鬆綁產業交流所涉及之法規；強化智慧財產權之宣導與投資保護；透過台資銀行在大陸分行，提供台商融資管道。未來並應加強與台商產業鏈連結，將海外台商納入台灣產業發展一環，同時落實ECFA實施效益，創造國內經濟發展的正面效益。 / Since allowing investment in China 20 years ago, the government of Taiwan has gradually lifted restrictions on China-based investments by its citizens. Enticed by the expanded market opportunities in China, R.O.C. nationals are rapidly scaling up their investments on the mainland China by broadening their investments to many industries and the service sector, which has become a new development in investing in China. Whether the cross-strait economic and trade policies affect the investment of Taiwan businessmen in mainland China, is a motivation of this study. The literature review and focus groups & depth interviews were used in this study . Through the secondary data analysis, Cross-Strait trade policies have manifested in progress and growth in Taiwan’s competitiveness, economic growth, trade, container throughput by commercial ports, and the number of tourists visiting Taiwan. However, the government should pay close attention to the fact that during the last few years the proportion of major products produced overseas has increased, while the market share of Taiwanese imports in the United States, Japan, and China markets has gradually declined and procurements of machines/equipment and components/parts by Taiwanese businesses has dropped. Moreover, the localization of R&D overseas by Taiwanese businesses has noticeably increased. The government’s assistance strategy should first focus on the strengthening of contacts and networks in China. It should also leverage existing Taiwanese business channels in China to expand the sales of Taiwanese products in the China market through an integrated marketing campaign and facilitate innovative R&D while keeping high-end production processes in Taiwan. The government should also relax laws governing industry exchanges, strengthen the education of Taiwanese businesses with regard to intellectual property rights and investment protections, and provide financing channels for Taiwanese businesses through Taiwanese-invested banks with branch offices in China. In the future, the government should strengthen links with the supply chains of Taiwanese businesses and to include overseas Taiwanese businesses as part of Taiwan’s industrial development plans. At the same time, it should fully realize the benefits of the ECFA and create a positive effect on Taiwan’s domestic economic development.