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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
71

九十年代中國大陸基層政治參與之研究-村民自治分析

吳大平 Unknown Date (has links)
本論文從「後社會主義中國」發展的框架下以「村民自治」來研究九十年代大陸基層政治參與,從制度層面及非制度層面探討大陸農村村民「政治參與權」發展情況,並分析對大陸未來政治發展可能產生的積極影響及消極影響。制度層面指涉的範圍是在「村民自治」的正式制度規範設計對於人民政治參與權利以及管道上的影響,主要包括「民主選舉」、「民主決策」、「民主管理」、「民主監督」、「村民小組」等等;非制度層面指涉的是包括內外部政治環境、傳統文化、經濟環境、社會環境等因素對人民政治參與的影響。從「村民自治」的制度層面和非制度層面的因素探討中,發現九十年代「村民自治」的政治參與呈現出一種嚴重的不平衡發展狀態。在制度面上,<組織法>比<試行法>在「四個民主」的機制設計比較進步,但是在選舉的競爭機制改善上成就不是很大;在非制度面上,經濟發展、仲介社團的產生及資訊的進步等因素對於民眾參與的意願有所促進,但是宗族、黨幹部的心態、傳統文化以及政府對傳媒的管制等因素卻使民眾的政治參與受到限制。九十年代大陸基層政治參與情況,由於制度變遷「路徑依賴」的選擇及自我強化的結果,使「後社會主義中國」政治參與的轉型發展,朝著「部份民主化」的方向前進,形成「接近自主型」、「部分自主型」、「被動型」三種不同的「政治參與權」型態。照目前「村民自治」發展情況來看,中共政權朝民主化方向發展是侷限性大於可能性。以漸進、溫和的方式由下而上的推動制度變革、經濟的發展、社會多元化、公民意識及參與政治文化的建立,來作為大陸推動民主化的策略選擇,雖然目前看來成功機會不大,但可作為未來大陸政治轉型之一種轉形發展策略。 / This paper attempts to look into the local political participation in Mainland China during the 1990s. The analysis on the villagers’ self-government under the framework of the post-socialism and the transitional development of Chinese Mainland and the analysis on the villagers’ “political participation powers and rights” from the formal and the informal systems of villagers’ self-government will be used to find the positive and the negative influences on the future of Mainland China’s political development by local self-government political participation. The scope of the formal system of villagers’ self-government includes democratic election, democratic decision-making, democratic management, democratic supervision and villagers’ subcommittee. The scope of the informal system of villagers’ self-government includes the interior and the exterior political environment, traditional culture, economic factor, and social environment. From the gathered data, we find the local political participation on the Mainland China during the 1990s is seriously unbalanced in rural areas of PRC. Because of the effect of path dependence, the transitional path forms three different types of “political participation powers and rights.” From the indications of current local political participation, the democratization of PRC in the near future will be limited. However, the strategy for gradualism reform still can be viewed as one possible path for transitional development of Chinese Mainland.
72

企業改制後的村民自治-從鄉政村治的角度 / The Relationship between Village Firm Property Rights Reform and Grassroots Democracy

林麗娥 Unknown Date (has links)
人民公社制度解體後,村民自治組織成為基層管理的替代組織。村民自治對中國的民主政治建設產生了積極而又深遠的影響,但是村民自治組織在實際運作過程中,鄉鎮政府的管理和基層黨支部的直接領導機制依然在發揮重要作用,甚至在有些方面居於主導地位,不可避免引起權力間的衝突,影響基層選舉的品質。本文探討九○年代以來鄉鎮企業產權改革與九○年代末逐漸成熟的農村基層民主之間的互動關係,提出對中國農村經濟發展與政治民主之間的看法。 / Villagers' self-governing organizations, which are substitutes for the people's communes that were disintegrated, constitute the important means for governing rural areas in contemporary China. But in the operation of villagers self-governing organizations, the administration of village and town government and direct leadership mechanism of party branches at the grassroots’ level are still playing an important role, or even a leading role in some aspects, which causes unavoidable power conflicts. The paper discusses the interaction between the changes in the property rights of village enterprises in the late 1990’s and the development of grassroots democracy-villager self government and elections.
73

學術自由發展對公立大學組織變革法制之探討 / A study of the legal system for academic freedom development on the transformation of public university organization

陳惠珍, Chen, Huei Jen Unknown Date (has links)
大學發展的歷史,即是一部大學爭取學術自由之歷史。德國最早將學術自由納入憲法以基本權保護,並推演大學自治為學術自由制度性保障,賦予大學公法社團之獨立法人格,建立學術自由圍籬,法人化遂成為學術自由落實之主要途徑。 只是,隨著外在知識經濟、全球化競爭等環境變遷,大學除教學與研究基本功能,同時具有知識工廠、文化傳承、提昇國家國際競爭力、服務社會等多元功能。而經濟衰退,使政府對大學預算減少,在經費窘迫下,大學組織運營面臨經費與資源有效運用等議題。如何有效運用資源、發揮大學被期待之多元功能?成為各國大學改革重要議題。 我國大學法制改革,1994年以學術自由、大學自治為主張,期建立德國「學者共和國」,防止國家政治干預,擬將國立大學法人化,賦予大學獨立法人格地位。2002年配合政府改造,提出講求效能與效率的行政法人制度,並擬改制國立大學為獨立行政法人,在立法院審查修訂大學法時,將行政法人化專章刪除,委由未來制定專法,形成我國大學法人化似又退回原點。 本篇論文以時間(中世紀迄今)、與空間(德國、日本、美國)雙軸向形成之環境,進行有關學術自由理念、大學自治制度發展歷程等文獻整理,釐清學術自由對大學理念與組織法制之定位及其影響(第二章及第三章);及現代環境變遷導致大學功能多元,加以政府預算緊縮,使大學需面臨營運成效議題,而公共管理理論對各國政府改造實務經驗對大學組織變革之啟發與影響(第四章);取法近代德國大學組織型態鬆綁(第五章)、日本國立大學法人化等改革經驗(第六章);重新審視我國大學法人化追求時,如何在兼顧學術自由理念價值與組織營運效能下,建構大學外部組織型態與內部組織法制(第七章)
74

行政監督失靈下的分配政治-村里基層工作經費之研究 / The administrative supervision failure of the distributive politics - A Study of the village and neighborhood funds

簡君玶 Unknown Date (has links)
村里組織是台灣實施地方自治的最基層編組,而村里資源如何運用與分配,更是影響地方自治行政功能甚鉅,然過去研究鮮少討論村里公共資源的分配政治現象。於此,本研究以政治學的分配理論為基礎,採取質性研究方法,以村里基層工作經費為研究主軸,透過深入訪談及文件分析探討村里長是分配村里資源的情形,並分析公所與村里長之間委託-代理關係的監督失靈現象。 研究結果顯示,村里長分配村里資源的模式偏向Cox-McCubbins的模型,村里長以是否為「選舉票倉區」,作為分配村里基層工作經費的基準,而鄉鎮公所與村里長之間的委託-代理關係,則因資訊不對稱及里幹事聯繫失衡對村里長的行政監督有所失靈。 基於研究發現,本文建議,村里基層工作經費應依照村里的大小及人口予以公式化的補助金分配,此外村里長與公所之間的行政責任釐清,可助於減少資訊不對稱的問題,最後村里長運用村里資源的情形應建立衡量指標,落實稽核制度。本文為一初探性嘗試,提供台灣分配政策與政治研究另外一種思考的面向,並且提供未來台灣分配政治研究的實證基礎。 / Village and Neighborhood organization is the most basic unit of local governance in Taiwan, and how the village and neighborhood uses and allocates resources has important impact on the local self-government administration. However, existing research rarely discusses distributive politics of public resources in the village arena. Therefore, based on the perspective of distributive theory, this study explores the allocation of village resources by in-depth interviews and archival research. It further presents the supervision failure by township, on village and neighborhood. The results of this study confirm Cox-McCubbins ’s model on resources allocation. The village and neighborhood chiefs use "election support zone" as criteria to allocate the village and neighborhood funds. The principal-agency relationship between township and village was disconnected due to information asymmetries and loss of contact with the village secretary, which leads to the failure of administrative supervision on village chiefs regarding allocation of the funds.. This study proposes three suggestions for reforms. First, the village and neighborhood funds should be distributed in accordance with a formula based on the size of the village and neighborhood. Second, the administrative responsibility should be clarified between the village and neighborhood chief and townships to reduce the information asymmetry problem. Finally, the indicators measuring the effectiveness of the fund’s usage, should be constructed in order to enforce the audit system. This research is a pilot attempt to provide another perspective and empirical analysis on the distributive policy at local level. It has theoretical and empirical implications for distributive politics.
75

語言、宗敎與文化認同: 中國涼山兩個彝族村子的個案硏究. / 中國涼山兩個彝族村子的個案硏究 / Language, religion and cultural identity: a case study of two Yi villages in Liangshan, Sichuan / Case study of two Yi villages in Liangshan, Sichuan / Yu yan, zong jiao yu wen hua ren tong: Zhongguo Liangshan liang ge Yi zu cun zi de ge an yan jiu. / Zhongguo Liangshan liang ge Yi zu cun zi de ge an yan jiu

January 2000 (has links)
巫達. / "2000年7月" / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2000. / 參考文獻 (leaves 158-172) / 附中英文摘要. / "2000 nian 7 yue" / Wu Da. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2000. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 158-172) / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / 前言 --- p.I-V / Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 --- p.1 / Chapter 一、 --- 引 論 --- p.1 / Chapter 二、 --- 人類學的族群理論和文獻回顧 --- p.3 / Chapter 三、 --- 中國族群文化認同和研研究情況 --- p.11 / Chapter 四、 --- 論文的理論構架與研究方法 --- p.26 / Chapter 五、 --- 研究地點簡介 --- p.32 / Chapter 六、 --- 論文的組織 --- p.35 / Chapter 第二章 --- 歷史背景與彝族的内部分佈 --- p.37 / Chapter 一、 --- 引言 --- p.37 / Chapter 二、 --- 分佈 --- p.38 / Chapter 三、 --- 人口 --- p.41 / Chapter 四、 --- 族稱 --- p.43 / Chapter 五、 --- 彝族的支系 --- p.51 / Chapter 六、 --- 族源 --- p.52 / Chapter 七、 --- 傳统政治制度 --- p.57 / Chapter 八、 --- 甘洛縣彝族概括 --- p.61 / Chapter 九、 --- 甘洛縣民族分佈及族群關係 --- p.65 / Chapter 第三章 --- 語言與認同 --- p.68 / Chapter 一、 --- 引論 --- p.68 / Chapter 二、 --- 彝族的語言和文字概況 --- p.69 / Chapter (一) --- 語言 --- p.69 / Chapter (二) --- 文字 --- p.72 / Chapter 三、 --- 兩彝村的語言態度及其文化認同 --- p.76 / Chapter 四、 --- 兩彝村的“漢化´ح程度及其文化認同 --- p.81 / Chapter 第四章 --- 宗教與認同 --- p.96 / Chapter 一、 --- 引論 --- p.96 / Chapter 二、 --- 兩彝村的宗教信仰基本情況 --- p.100 / Chapter (一) --- 來源神話傳¨®Ơ --- p.100 / Chapter (二) --- 彝族宗教裏的靈魂觀 --- p.112 / Chapter (三) --- 彝族宗教裏的鬼神觀 --- p.115 / Chapter 三、 --- 彝族宗教的神職人員 --- p.121 / Chapter (一) --- 畢摩 --- p.121 / Chapter (二) --- 蘇尼 --- p.124 / Chapter 四、 --- 兩彝村的宗教信仰與文化認同的關係 --- p.124 / Chapter (一) --- 漢家有醫生,彝家有畢摩:畢摩作為醫師的角色 --- p.124 / Chapter (二) --- 畢摩被認為是人與神鬼之間的信息傳遞者:畢摩作為司祭員 --- p.133 / Chapter (三) --- 畢摩和蘇尼的日常角色 --- p.136 / Chapter 五、 --- 從《指路經》看彝族文化認同 --- p.142 / Chapter (一) --- 《指路經》的價 值 --- p.142 / Chapter (二) --- 波波坤村和乃伍彝族的送魂路線殊途同歸 --- p.143 / Chapter 第五章 --- 結論 --- p.147 / 參考文獻 --- p.158 / 附錄一:涼山彝語注音系统與國際音標對照表 --- p.173 / 附錄二:本文使用的問卷調查表 --- p.174 / 附錄三:彝文經書 --- p.178 / 附錄四:人物表 --- p.181 / 附錄五:彝族支系自稱、他稱簡表 --- p.183 / 附錄六:彝語支語言 --- p.184 / 附錄七:彝族父子譜系 --- p.186 / 表格目錄 / 圖表一:歷代涼山地區人口數 --- p.41 / 圖表二:曲木藏堯統計的1930年代涼山彝族人口數 --- p.42 / 圖表三:莊學本统計的1940年代、涼山彝族人口數 --- p.42 / 圖表四:波波坤村和乃伍村異同比較表 --- p.64 / 圖表五:彝文造字方式 --- p.72 / 圖表六:四川雲南貴州廣西四省區彝文比較簡表 --- p.75 / 地圖 / 地圖´ؤ:彝族分佈總圖 --- p.扉頁 / 地圖二:彝族支系自稱示意圖 --- p.扉頁 / 地圖三:彝族六祖遷徙路線示意圖 --- p.扉頁 / 地圖四:甘洛縣曲木蘇和諾木蘇分界圖 --- p.65 / 地圖五:彝文《指路經》中送魂路線示意圖 --- p.143 / 地圖六:波波坤村和乃伍村送魂路線示意圖 --- p.145
76

鄂西土家族哭嫁歌之音樂特徵與社會涵義. / Wedding lament of the Tujia people in western Hubei Province, China: music and context / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collection / Digital dissertation consortium / E xi Tujia zu ku jia ge zhi yin yue te zheng yu she hui han yi.

January 1999 (has links)
余詠宇. / 論文(博士)--香港中文大學, 1999. / 附參考文獻(p. 210-222)及索引. / 中英文摘要. / Available also through the Internet via Dissertations & theses @ Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Yu Yongyu. / Lun wen (bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1999. / Fu can kao wen xian (p. 210-222) ji suo yin. / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao.
77

二十一世紀初新疆王洛賓現象解讀. / 21世紀初新疆王洛賓現象解讀 / Reading "Wang Luobin phenomenon" in the early twenty-first century Xinjiang / Er shi yi shi ji chu Xinjiang Wang Luobin xian xiang jie du. / 21 shi ji chu Xinjiang Wang Luobin xian xiang jie du

January 2005 (has links)
鄭燕虹. / "2005年9月". / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2005. / 參考文獻(leaves 97-108). / "2005 nian 9 yue". / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Zheng Yanhong. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2005. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 97-108). / Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一節 --- 研究背景及研究目的 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二節 --- 研究動機 --- p.2 / Chapter 第三節 --- 研究焦點與研究限制 --- p.3 / Chapter 第四節 --- 研究角度 --- p.4 / Chapter 第五節 --- 文獻回顧 --- p.6 / Chapter 第六節 --- 研究方法 --- p.8 / Chapter 第七節 --- 内容簡述 --- p.10 / Chapter 第二章 --- 新疆漢族人的身份危機 --- p.11 / Chapter 第一節 --- 新疆的史地和民族現況概述 --- p.12 / Chapter 第二節 --- 民族意識在新疆 --- p.16 / Chapter 第三節 --- 導致新疆漢族身份危機的社會、文化和歷史因素 --- p.17 / Chapter 小結 --- 新疆漢人的身份危機 --- p.21 / Chapter 第三章 --- 王洛賓現象在新疆 --- p.23 / Chapter 第一節 --- 王洛賓生平概述 --- p.23 / Chapter 第二節 --- 有關歌曲的改編或再創作過程 --- p.28 / Chapter 第三節 --- 王洛賓現象在新疆 --- p.34 / Chapter 第四節 --- 新疆維吾爾族人對王洛賓及有關作品的看法 --- p.39 / Chapter 第五節 --- 新疆的漢族人對王洛賓的看法 --- p.42 / Chapter 小結 --- 王洛賓作為新疆漢人身份認同的重要媒介 --- p.44 / Chapter 第四章 --- 音樂與身份認同:新疆漢族人與新疆民歌的想像 --- p.55 / Chapter 第一節 --- 資料的選擇´ؤ´ؤ王洛賓改編歌曲的音像產品 --- p.55 / Chapter 第二節 --- 以音樂建構形象:新疆漢族人對音樂想像的意識 --- p.55 / Chapter 第三節 --- 音像產品的風格與新疆形象的想像 --- p.59 / Chapter 小結 --- 音樂作為一個超越時空的想像空間 --- p.65 / Chapter 第五章 --- 結論 --- p.72 / 附錄 --- p.76 / 參考資料及相關文獻 --- p.97 / 鳴謝 --- p.109
78

台灣地方議會立法權之研究

李文郎 Unknown Date (has links)
No description available.
79

行政區劃調整之研究-以新北市行政區域重整為例 / The study on the administrative division adjustment:as an example of administrative area adjustment for New Taipei City

賴小萍, Lai, Hsiao Ping Unknown Date (has links)
2010年12月25日在臺灣的地方自治史上產生了前所未有的重大變革,也就是五大直轄市的形成,同時也使馬英九總統在2008年總統大選期間,所提出的「三都十五縣」的政見破局。但這樣的結果,對改制前的臺北縣而言,可說是完成追逐了30年,但卻仍遙不可及的夢想,也結束了長期淪為次等公民的不平等待遇。 升格後的新北市與臺北市在地方自治的體制上雖可說已是並駕齊驅,但是就兩者的發展歷史而言,新北市目前仍處於初始的立基階段,尤其是新北市的29個行政區,起源於改制前臺北縣29個鄉鎮市的自治體。在改制之初29個行政區,除了在人口密度、土地面積上有相當大的差異之外,最主要的是地理環境的先天條件,使得29個行政區呈現不同的城鄉風貌。 新北市首要面臨的課題,就是進行29個行政區的重整工作,在過去臺北縣發展一鄉一特色的基礎上,各行政區原具有社區產業的發展條件,但在過去鄉鎮市自治時期,難免因為各自政治立場的不同而分立,形成政治地理,以致造成政府當局資源整合不易。再者,原有的行政區疆界雖因為都市開發,產生地域疆界不明的現況,但在過去鄉鎮市自治時代,行政區域調整容易引發藩籬割據的疑慮,所以新北市行政區歷經了40年未曾調整。 升格後的新北市在五都之中,是人口最多的直轄市,在區域經濟崛起及國際城市競爭的氛圍中,各直轄市無不致力發展各自潛能,期以提升國際能見度。然而城市發展首重基礎的建設,行政區劃是新北市行政資源分配的基礎,各行政區發展皆屬新北市政府全權統籌規劃,如何以最適的行政區劃調整藍圖,勾勒未來新北市發展的願景與區域發展特色,是市政府重要的課題。行政區劃調整工作需有妥善完整的規劃與配套,應考量民意的趨勢,要有一次劃定,革除行政區界劃定不明的決心。 本研究指出根據公共選擇理論,以及區域治理、公共服務及廣域行政的概念,新北市應以現有公務機關服務轄區分布現況、市議員及立委選舉區劃分、生活圈、歷史、地理環境等現況來研擬未來新北市行政區藍圖,並探索最適的行政區劃藍圖,供市政府做為行政區劃時的參考,更有助於新北市行政區劃調整共識的形成。 / A revolutionary change of local self-governance in Taiwan history has occurred since December 25, 2010; that is the formation of five municipalities. This formation broke President Ma Ying-Jeou’s policy of “three cities fifteen counties” raised in Presidential Election of 2008. However, to pre-reformed Taipei County, the formation made its reachless dream which had been pursued for thirty years realized. The formation also ended the long-term unfair treatment of being the second-grade citizens. Upgraded New Taipei City is running neck to neck with Taipei City in terms of local self-governance. Regarding the histories of the two, however, the former is still under the fundamental stage, especially the 29 administrative areas of New Taipei City, which used to be 29 regional municipalities of the townships of pre-reformed Taipei County. In the beginning of the reformation for the 29 administrative areas, it was the precondition of geography that made them have different countryside landscapes in addition to a big difference of population density and land area. The first lesson New Taipei City will undergo is the work of administrative area adjustment for the 29 administrative areas. Upon “one township one feature” policy on which pre-formed Taipei County had made an effort, each administrative area had its own strength of developing community industry. During the past self-governance period of the townships, nonetheless, it was inevitable to see the area separation due to political diversity. Political geography had thus occurred and made it more difficult for the government to make resource integration. Furthermore, although there was boundary ambiguity in the original boundaries of the administrative areas on account of urban development, to avoid the problem of opposition to the splittism against administrative area adjustment, the administrative areas of New Taipei City had not been adjusted for forty years during the past self-governance period of the townships. Upgraded New Taipei City is the one with the highest population among the five municipalities. Affected by the rise of regional economic and international urban competition, none of the municipalities slacks on developing its potential in an attempt to enhance its international visibility. With respect to urban development, infrastructure is firstly emphasized and administrative division is considered to be the fundamental work to New Taipei City when administrative resource allocation is being made. It is New Taipei City government that has full authority to make an overall plan of the development of each administrative area. Therefore, the question “how to sketch the forthcoming version of the development of New Taipei City and the features of regional development on the most appropriate blueprint of administrative division?” becomes an important issue to the city government. The work of administrative division adjustment needs to be well planned and go with corresponding measures. Public opinion should be taken into account and the determination of “once only” and eliminating boundary ambiguity is also required. This study points out that, based on public choice theory and the concepts of regional governance, public service and cooperative administration, New Taipei City should make a blueprint of forthcoming administrative areas according to the present distribution of the service districts under jurisdiction of official departments, the division of the constituencies of city councilors and legislative committees, living domains, histories, and geographical surroundings. Meanwhile, to provide as references for the city government to make administrative division, the most appropriate blueprint of administrative division needs to be sought. It also helps on coming to a mutual understanding of the administrative division adjustment for New Taipei City.
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以批判理論視角看中國大陸師範院校的發展與角色 / Critical theory prospective on the development and roles of normal universities in Mainland China

莫無 January 2011 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Education

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