A presente tese de doutorado tem por objetivo principal o estudo dos aspectos jurídicos do agente esportivo, mais precisamente do agente que cuida da carreira dos jogadores de futebol, denominado Agente FIFA, e suas relações com o direito civil brasileiro. A FIFA, que é a Federação Internacional competente, estabeleceu um regulamento oficial sobre a atividade dos agentes de jogadores, obrigando cada filiada a estabelecer um regulamento próprio, levando o seu em consideração, bem como a legislação nacional e os tratados internacionais. Com base nesse emaranhado de normas internacionais, leis, resoluções e cláusulas, pretende-se analisar a relação jurídica do Agente FIFA com o seu principal cliente, o atleta profissional de futebol, nos seus mais variados aspectos. Inicialmente o trabalho define quem é esse agente, passando pelo histórico da atividade, as principais funções exercidas no passado e no presente. Depois são analisadas as normas, leis e os principais projetos em tramitação, tanto nacionais como internacionais. Em seguida são analisadas as características e as diversas possibilidades de enquadramento legal da relação entre o agente e o atleta à luz de nossa legislação civilista (Contrato de Agência, Mandato, Corretagem, Prestação de Serviços, aplicação do Código de Defesa do Consumidor), a relação com a profissão de advogado para, ao final, classificá-lo concluindo sobre a sua natureza jurídica. Antes das considerações finais, também são analisadas, sucintamente e a título de comparação, as normas aplicáveis em alguns países como Portugal, Itália e Estados Unidos, sendo que no tocante a este último, também se analisam outras modalidades esportivas. / The main objective of this doctoral thesis is to study the legal aspects of the sports agent and the way they relate with the Brazilian Civil Law, focusing on the agent that takes care of a soccer players career, who is called FIFA Player Agent. FIFA, which is the International Federation with jurisdiction over soccer, enacted an official ruling regarding the activities performed by a soccer player agent, requiring each member to establish a regulation itself, bringing your account, as well as national legislation and international treaties. Based on this complex set of international laws, rules, acts, resolutions and clauses, we intend to review the juridical relationship between the FIFA Player Agent and its main client, the professional soccer player, in various aspects. Initially, this work will define who this agent is, by approaching the historic background of this activity, the main activities performed in the past to date. Then the rules, laws, and the main bills in procedural progress, nationally and internationally, will be dully analyzed. After that, we will assess the characteristics and various possibilities of legal classification of the relationship between the agent and the athlete, under the civil legislation (Agency Agreement, Power of Attorney, Services Agreement, Brokerage, applicability of the Brazilian Consumer Code), and the interaction with the legal attorney job so that, at the end, we can properly classify the agent in accordance with the appropriate legal nature of the activities performed. Before the final considerations, we will also briefly analyze, only for the purposes of establishing a comparative study, the rules applicable in some countries such as Portugal, Italy and United States of America. With regard to the US rules, we will also review some other different sports.

Orientador: Fernando Andrade Fernandes / Resumo: A corrupção é um fenômeno ainda atual e que desde os primórdios acompanha a conduta humana, sendo estudado pelas mais diversas ciências, o que apesar disso podemos considerar insuficiente devido sua complexidade. Com manifestações em vários âmbitos, além do público e privado, o desportivo, área extremamente influenciada pelas paixões sociais, possui forte influência econômica, principalmente por grandes organizações, o que leva inclusive a reflexos legislativos, principalmente de cunho jurídico-penal. A corrupção no desporto merece atenção especial, seja devido sua importância na diminuição da impunidade, bem como na proteção da lealdade e verdade nas práticas desportivas. Nesse sentido, o escândalo de corrupção na Federación Internacional de Fútbol Asociación (FIFA) é exemplo de como pode ocorrer um aumento gradual e seletivo de intervenção criminosa no desporto em relação aos crimes que possuam um viés econômico e tal ocorrência pode ser identificada em diversos Ordenamentos Jurídicos. Por fim, mesmo que direcionando os devidos cuidados à observância dos princípios fundamentais da ultima ratio, apresenta-se fundamental como as Ciências Jurídico-Penais podem contribuir com o enfrentamento do problema objeto de pesquisa, a corrupção no âmbito desportivo. / Abstract: Corruption is a phenomenon that is still current and which, from the earliest years, is present in human conduct, being studied by the most diverse sciences, which in spite of this we can consider not enough due to its complexity. With manifestations in several areas, in addition to the public and private, the sport, an area extremely influenced by social passions, has a strong economic influence, mainly by large organizations, which leads to legislative reflexes, mainly of legal and penal nature. Corruption in sport deserves special attention, either because of its importance in reducing impunity, as well as in protecting loyalty and truth in sporting practices. In this sense, the corruption scandal in the International Federation of Soccer Association (FIFA) is an example of how a gradual and selective increase of criminal intervention in sport can occur in relation to crimes that have an economic bias and such an occurrence can be identified in several Legal Ordinances. Finally, even though directing the proper care to the observance of the fundamental principles of the last ratio, it is fundamental how the Legal-Penal Sciences can contribute to the confrontation of the problem under investigation, corruption in the sports field. / Mestre

Qatar wants to use the 2022 FIFA World Cup as a soft power mean. They want to remove stains on their reputation via sportswashing. However, there is reason to believe that this effect might not occur in the case of Qatar, or in other words; that the tournament has a soft disempowerment effect on the state of Qatar. By doing a discourse analysis this study exams if the soft power efforts of Qatar have been successful, primarily in the Swedish context by examining how the Swedish media and Swedish FA articulates about Qatar, but also in the context of FIFA. The study also examens whether the articulations can be labeled as cases of Orientalism. The results show that in the Swedish context, both an orientalist and soft disempowerment-discourse are showing, and in the case of FIFA an orientalist discourse and a discourse which suggest that the tournament has been a good soft power resource in the eyes of FIFA occurs.

En kris kan drabba vilken organisation som helst, när som helst. Om krisen har orsakats av medlemmar inom organisationen, är det mycket troligt att organisationen även får genomgå en organisatorisk förtroendekris. Följande studie behandlar Féderation Internationale de Football Associations (Fifa:s) mutskandal som uppdagades våren 2015. I studien kommer Fifa:s retoriska uttryck och kriskommunikationsstrategier kring skandalen, samt deras pågående arbete för att återfå sitt förtroende att analyseras genom en kvalitativ metod. De analysverktyg som används i studien är dels en anpassad version av Bröms, Gelang och Mrals retoriska analysmodell, samt Coombs rekommendationer över krisstategier. Materialet är insamlat från Fifa:s egna mediekanaler och består av den presskonferens som Fifa genomförde i samband med skandalen, samt nio stycken pressmeddelanden som publicerades mellan 2015-2018. Studiens resultat visar att Fifa under presskonferensen förminskar sin inblandning i krisen och anser sig själva vara det främsta offret. De ger inte någon offentlig ursäkt, utan menar snarare att deras ledning varit helt ovetande om att mutor och korruption har försiggått. Däremot visar resultatet att Fifa:s bemötande av krisen skiljer sig något i deras pressmeddelanden. Detta då Fifa hade bytt ut sin högsta ledning vid tiden då dessa publicerades, och istället påbörjat arbetet mot en ny och förbättrad organisation. Fifa anser sig fortfarande vara offer i deras pressmeddelanden, till viss del, men tar däremot ansvar för krisen och inser att det är Fifa:s organisationskultur och struktur som måste förändras till att bli mer öppen och tillgänglig för alla, för att kunna fortsätta utveckla fotbollen. / A crisis can affect any organization at any time. If the crisis has been caused by members of the organization, it is very likely that the organization may also undergo an organizational crisis of confidence. The following study is about Féderation Internationale de Football Associations (Fifa’s) scandal that was discovered in the spring of 2015. In the study, Fifa's rhetorical expression and crisis strategies around the scandal, as well as their ongoing work to regain their confidence, will be analyzed through a qualitative method. The study's analysis tool consists of a custom version of Bröms, Gelang and Mral’s rhetorical analysis model, as well as Coomb's recommendations on crisis strategies. The material analyzed in the study is collected from Fifa's own channels and consists of a press conference, which was Fifa's first public statement during the scandal, and 9 statements published on their own website between 2015-2018. The result of the study shows that during the press conference, Fifa reduces their involvement in the crisis and considers themself to be the primary victim. They do not give any public apology, but rather say that their management has been completely unaware that bribery and corruption have occurred. However, the result shows that Fifa’s handling of the crisis response differs slightly in their statements, this because Fifa had replaced the management by the time their statement were published, and started work on a new and improved organization. Fifa still considered themselves to be a victim to some extent in their statements, but they did take responsibility for the crisis and realized that it is Fifa's organizational culture and structure that must be changed to become more open and accessible to everyone, in order to continue developing football.

Diplomarbeit Univ. Zürich, 2004. / Ed. commerciale du "Diplomarbeit des Nachdiplomstudiums" de Zürich, 2004. Bibliogr.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-03-29T10:34:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 williamrezendealvesponte.pdf: 900553 bytes, checksum: dc82873bbdb8fc32e179329ac1e2546a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-04-24T02:45:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 williamrezendealvesponte.pdf: 900553 bytes, checksum: dc82873bbdb8fc32e179329ac1e2546a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-24T02:45:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 williamrezendealvesponte.pdf: 900553 bytes, checksum: dc82873bbdb8fc32e179329ac1e2546a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-21 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho se abastece do arcabouço teórico referente à política pública e sua interface com os institucionalismos, para interpretar a realização da Copa do Mundo FIFA no Brasil em 2014. O trabalho é composto de revisão acerca de alguns aspectos históricos e sociais do futebol no País e o contexto que envolve o esporte na atualidade. Elege as principais instituições e atores que interferem na elaboração do projeto público Copa do Mundo no Brasil e os documentos mais relevantes de modo a possibilitar uma interpretação e análise no plano social político e econômico que envolve a realização do evento. / This research is based in the theoretical framework related to public policy and its interface with institutionalisms to interpret the realization of the FIFA World Cup in Brazil in 2014. The paper consists in a review of a number of historical and social aspects of football in the country and the context that surrounds the sport today. It elects key institutions and actors that influence the development of the public project of World Cup in Brazil and the most relevant documents to enable interpretation and analysis in the social, political, and economic ground that surrounds the event.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-04T13:12:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielasimoesgomes.pdf: 2516376 bytes, checksum: 8f21ecce475c85eb8428cbe741299eda (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-07T15:31:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 danielasimoesgomes.pdf: 2516376 bytes, checksum: 8f21ecce475c85eb8428cbe741299eda (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-07T15:31:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 danielasimoesgomes.pdf: 2516376 bytes, checksum: 8f21ecce475c85eb8428cbe741299eda (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-18 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente dissertação apresenta a árvore conceptual dos frames que compreendem o cenário do TURISMO_COMO_EVENTO_ESPORTIVO, bem como as combinações sintático-semânticas de unidades lexicais que evocam os referidos frames. Tal trabalho traz uma apresentação dos estudos vinculados ao projeto Copa 2014 FrameNet Brasil, o qual se configura como um produto de inovação tecnológica e tem como principal objetivo desenvolver, em meio eletrônico, um dicionário temático trilíngue (Português - Inglês - Espanhol), destinado a usuários humanos, abrangendo os domínios do Futebol e do Turismo, baseado na Semântica de Frames. (SALOMÃO, M.M.M; TORRENT, T.T.; CAMPOS, F.C.A.; BRAGA, R.M.M. & VIEIRA, M.B., 2011). O projeto Copa 2014 FrameNet Brasil se caracteriza como um desdobramento do macro Projeto FrameNet Brasil que foi desenvolvido na UniversidadeFederaldeJuizdeFora em associação com o InternationalComputerScienceInstitute (EUA), que sedia o ProjetoFrameNet, que existe há mais de 10 anos na Universidade da Califórnia em Berkeley, e é liderado pelo professor Charles Fillmore. (FILLMORE, 1982, 1985) O Projeto FrameNet Brasil objetiva criar um recurso lexical on-line disponível para pesquisas sobre o Português do Brasil, baseado na semântica de frames e sustentado por evidência colhida em corpus (FILLMORE, 1982; 1985; GAWRON, 2008; e outros). Para a construção deste dicionário foi utilizada a metodologia top-down, a qual se caracteriza pela busca na FrameNet Americana de frames que atendem à temática proposta pelo mesmo, em conjunto com a metodologia bottom-up do projeto Kicktionary, na qual primeiramente as unidades lexicais (ULs) são identificadas nos corpora e em seguida atribuem-se funções micro temáticas aos elementos sintáticos relacionados e definem- se os frames evocados por aquelas ULs. As sentenças utilizadas na análise foram retiradas dos corpora FIFA e Cetenfolha, utilizando a ferramenta Word Sketch do Sketch Engine. O trabalho de descrição lexicográfica dos frames em questão contribuiu para o objetivo final do Projeto Copa 2014, que é o de descrever as estruturas conceptuais relacionadas ao domínio do Turismo e do Futebol nas três línguas alvo do dicionário. / The following paper intends to present the creation process of the frames TURISMO_COMO_EVENTO_ESPORTIVO as well as combinations of syntacticsemantic lexical units that evoke those frames. This paper brings a presentation of studies related to the project World Cup 2014 FrameNet Brazil, which is configured as a product of technological innovation and has as main objective to develop, electronically, a thematic trilingual dictionary (Portuguese - English - Spanish) for human users, covering the dominance of Soccer and Tourism, based on Semantic Frames. (SALOMÃO, M.M.M; TORRENT, T.T.; CAMPOS, F.C.A.; BRAGA, R.M.M. & VIEIRA, M.B., 2011). The project World Cup 2014 FrameNet Brazil is characterized as a deployment of the macro Project FrameNet Brazil that was being developed at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora in association with the International Computer Science Institute (USA), which hosts the FrameNet Project, which has existed for more than 10 years at the University of California in Berkeley, and is led by Professor Charles Fillmore. The Project Brazil FrameNet aims to create a lexical resource available online for research on the Brazilian Portuguese, based on the semantics of frames and supported by evidence collected in corpus (FILLMORE, 1982, 1985; Gawron, 2008, and others). For the construction of this dictionary the top-down methodology was used, which is characterized by the American FrameNet pursuit of the frames that answer to the theme proposed by such, along with the bottom-up methodology of the Kicktionary project, in which first the lexical units (ULs) are identified in the corpora and afterwards micro thematic functions are ascribed to related syntactic elements and the frames evoked by those ULs are set up. The sentences used in the analysis were taken from the FIFA corpora and Centenfolha, using the tool Word Sketch from Sketch Engine. The paper about description of lexical frames in matter contributed to the ultimate goal of the 2014 World Cup Project, which is to describe the conceptual structures related to the dominance of Tourism and Soccer in the three target languages of the dictionary.

Bakgrund Det som idag beskrivs som e-sport har funnits sedan 1940-talet i en eller annan form. Med teknologiers framfart har detta kommit till att bli en del av den stora globala marknaden och även idrottsorganisationer investerar i e-sportlag som en del i att följa utvecklingen. Syftet med denna uppsats är att söka förståelse kring relationen kring e-sport och sport. Vidare har lyfts vad som händer just inom ramarna för corona- pandemin i sammanhanget. Metod Med etnografisk metod erbjuds här ett perspektiv på hur det kan se ut i samspelet mellan e-sport och sport, för idrotten i allmänhet, och för fotbollen i synnerhet. Data samlades in på ett online-baserat evenemang kallat Stay And Play Cup som arrangerades av EA Sports i tider av corona-pandemi. Analysen gjordes med teoribildningen som Jean Baudrillard står för i sin bok Simulacra & Simulation där han avhandlar relationen mellan verklighet, symboler och samhälle med fokus på kultur och media. Resultat Här bekräftas att de finns en relation kring e-sport och sport som kan behöva tittas närmare på ur ett idrottsvetenskapligt perspektiv. Vidare diskuteras vad det kan komma att innebära för idrott att e-sporten tar mark på en global marknad. Slutsats Fotbollen visar tecken på att bära på kulturella drag där spelandet av FIFA ingår. Strömningar om e-sportens närmare relation till fotbollen bekräftas. / Background What is now described as eSports has existed in one form or another since the 1940s. With the advancement of technologies, this has become part of the large global market and sports organizations are also investing in eSport-teams as part of following developments. Purpose of this essay is to seek an understanding of the relationship between e-sports and sports. Furthermore, what is happening within the context of the corona pandemic has been highlighted in this context. Method With ethnographic methodology, a perspective is offered here of what it might look like in the interaction between eSports and sports, for sports in general, and for football in particular. Data was collected at an online-based event called Stay and Play Cup, organized by EA Sports in times of corona pandemic. The analysis was done with the theory formation that Jean Baudrillard stands for in his book Simulacra & Simulation where he deals with the relationship between reality, symbols and society with a focus on culture and media. Result The result confirms that there is a relationship around e- sports and sports that may need to be looked at more closely from a sports science perspective. Furthermore, it is discussed what it could mean for sports that e-sports take ground in a global market. Conclusion Football shows signs of carrying on cultural traits that include the playing of the game FIFA. Currents about e-sport's closer relationship with football are confirmed.

Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur upplever Pro-gamers inom FIFA stressorer och vilka copingstrategier som används för att hantera dem. Studiens fokus var på att få fram upplevelser av stressorer hos deltagarna och om de upplever just dessa faktorer, vad de använder sig av för copingstrategier för att hantera dessa situationer. Det deltog totalt åtta stycken intervjupersoner där alla var män i åldrarna 17-34 år (M=22,5) där dessa intervjupersoner befann sig i inklusionskriterie för att medverka i studien där alla var pro-gamers inom FIFA. Studien har utgått ifrån en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och använt sig av semistrukturerade intervjuer för samla in data och intervjuguide som grund har utgått utifrån ett teoretiskt ramverk, McGrath (1970) fyra-stegs stressprocess modellen. I studiens resultat framkommer det totalt två stycken huvudteman, det första huvudtemat som nämns är upplevda stressorer, som totalt har fem stycken underliggande teman. Dessa är krav på sig själv, krav från samhället, krav från föreningen, krav från fans och krav från vänner och familj. Det andra huvudtemat som framkommer i studien är copingstrategier som används för att hantera upplevda stressorer som har totalt fyra stycken underliggande teman. Dessa är stöd från föreningen, stöd från familj, stöd från vänner och copingstrategier i sitt FIFA-utövande. Resultatdelen i studien har olika svarsteman men det var bland annat att intervjupersoner upplever stressorer i sitt FIFA spelande där de bland annat upplever krav på sig själv, samhället, föreningen, fans samt från sina vänner och familj. I resultatdelen framkom det även vilka copingstrategier som intervjupersoner använder sig av för att hantera dessa krav som kan bidra till att deltagarna upplever stressorer. Det som framkom var till exempel att de upplevde att det fanns bra stöd från föreningen och använde sig av den möjligheten, från sin familj och vänner men att de också använde sig av individuella copingstrategier såsom fysisk aktivitet eller att gå ut och promenera. Studiens resultat kan i framtiden vara användbar till framtida forskning för esportföreningar och liknande organisationer. Detta genom att studiens resultat kan forskas vidare kring bland annat vilka copingstrategier som kan användas om man i sitt FIFA-utövande upplever stressorer. / The purpose of the study was to investigate how Pro-gamers within FIFA experience stressors and which coping strategies are used to deal with them. The focus of the study was to bring out experiences of stressors in the participants to write if they experience and lead to any stress and performance anxiety when they are in a competitive context and if they experience these factors what they use for coping strategies to deal with these situations. A total of eight interviewees participated where all were men aged 17-34 years (M=22.5, SD=?) where these interviewees were in the inclusion criteria to participate in the studies where all were pro-gamers within FIFA. The study was based on a qualitative research method and used semi-structured interviews to collect data and an interview guide based on a theoretical framework, McGrath's (1970) four-step stress process model. In the results of the study, a total of two main themes emerge, the first main theme mentioned is perceived stressors, which in total has five underlying themes. These are demands on oneself, demands of society demands of the association, demands of fans and demands of friends and family. The second main theme that emerges in the study is coping strategies used to manage perceived stressors, that have a total of four underlying themes. These are support from the association, support from family, support from friends and coping strategies in their FIFA practice. The results part in the studies has different answers, but it was, among other things, that interviewees experience stressors in their FIFA playing, where they experience demands on themselves, society, the association, fans and from their friends and family, among other things. In the results section, it was also revealed which strategies the interviewees use to deal with these demands, which can contribute to the participants experiencing stressors. What emerged was, for example, that they felt that there was good support from the association and used the opportunity from their family and friends that they also used individual strategies such as physical activity or going out for a walk. The results of the study may in the future be useful to future research for esports associations and similar organizations. This is because the study's results can be further researched on, among other things, which coping strategies can be used if you experience stressors in your FIFA practice.

This thesis examines the social and economic impacts of the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Fortaleza, Brazil. The study used a budget analysis, and in depth interviews to ascertain the economic impact of the world cup games and the distribution of revenue across different sectors and socio-economic divisions within the local economy. A historical and vulnerability analysis was conducted through the examination of secondary sources (historical documents, census data, previous research on vulnerable populations) to identify groups and spaces of high social vulnerability. Qualitative data was then collected through in depth interviews with sources from all facets of society during the World Cup games and the following summer to identify the social impacts on these vulnerable groups and spaces. The thesis found that the final economic costs for infrastructure and stadium refurbishments associated with the World Cup in Fortaleza far exceeded the projected costs and the final economic impact on the local economy was half of projected estimates. While the city saw social benefits in the celebratory atmosphere and public security provided during the World Cup, there were also negative impacts on socially vulnerable groups and spaces including forced community relocations, increases in cases of commercial sexual exploitation, and rises in violent crime.