Submitted by Luciana Sebin (lusebin@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-19T13:08:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseJCJP.pdf: 5117421 bytes, checksum: d8a7aac2ac9a03696e30a2b81886d205 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-20T18:14:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseJCJP.pdf: 5117421 bytes, checksum: d8a7aac2ac9a03696e30a2b81886d205 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-20T18:14:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseJCJP.pdf: 5117421 bytes, checksum: d8a7aac2ac9a03696e30a2b81886d205 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T18:14:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseJCJP.pdf: 5117421 bytes, checksum: d8a7aac2ac9a03696e30a2b81886d205 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-07 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / The theme of this thesis is the youth football. Its practitioners, the youth footballers, are possessed of varying talents, factors that distinguish them in a marketing scale that streamlines the exchange in the football universe. Looking for professional football, they start from the football gift recognized and nurtured by those 8 who surround them, adding many other values, in a practical and symbolic order, which depend on the relationships established within the institutional framework of this sport and that has to do with other players, coaches, directors, supporters, family members, agents and specialized media, but also with all the environment where they live those experiences. We can glimpse, thus, the dynamics of a "sports ecology" approached from a multi-sited perspective where I present part of some meshwork relations that produces surfaces in formation and constant movement and instability, whose relations among the actors are mobilized around what is defined by producing sports talents, commonly stabilized by some categorizations taken here by issues such as projects, professional career and sportive trajectory. The scenario considered is the youth football in Brazil and part of South America (Uruguay and Argentina), between clubs and national teams (under 15 and under 17), seeking to understand how the world of youth footballers is created and reproduced in and out of the pitch. / O tema desta tese é o futebol de base. Seus praticantes, os futebolistas de base, são possuidores de talentos variáveis, fator que os distinguem numa escala mercadológica que dinamiza a troca no universo futebolístico. Em busca do futebol profissional, partem do dom futebolístico reconhecido e alimentado pelos que os circundam, agregando muitos outros valores, de ordem prática e simbólica, que dependem das relações estabelecidas dentro do enquadramento institucional desse esporte e que tem a ver com outros futebolistas, treinadores, dirigentes, torcedores, familiares, agentes e mídia especializada, mas também com todo o ambiente onde vivenciam essas experiências. Vislumbra-se, assim, a dinâmica de uma "ecologia esportiva" abordada a partir de uma perspectiva multi-situada onde apresento parte de um emaranhado produtor de superfícies em formação e em constante movimentação e instabilidade, cujas relações entre os atores são mobilizadas em torno daquilo que se define por produção de talentos esportivos, comumente estabilizada por algumas categorizações tomadas aqui por problemáticas, tais como as noções de projeto, carreira profissional e trajetória esportiva. O cenário considerado é o futebol de base no Brasil e parte da América do Sul (Uruguai e Argentina), entre clubes e seleções (sub 15 e sub 17), buscando entender como o mundo dos futebolistas de base é concebido e reproduzido, dentro e fora de campo.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-02-04T12:02:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2114258 bytes, checksum: 2a9120a29f38059d22fd6f053cb4edfe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-04T12:02:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2114258 bytes, checksum: 2a9120a29f38059d22fd6f053cb4edfe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-26 / This doctoral thesis has been developed from research developed that aimed to analyze the associative experience of waste pickers in Public Policy Green Agreement in the city of João Pessoa, the state capital of Paraiba, northeastern Brazil. The theoretical basis of the research was focused on classical and contemporary formulations of the sociology of work and the classical and contemporary theories of the gift. The research was conducted by qualitative method and quantitative (questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, observations and informal conversations in locus and focused) on two collector associations in the city of João Pessoa. The field research revealed the importance of Public Policy recycling of solid waste, the prevalence of employer donation, patronage and competitive and the challenges posed opposite income generation and associative work pickers policies / A presente tese de doutorado foi elaborada a partir de pesquisa desenvolvida que objetivava analisar a experiência associativista de catadores de materiais recicláveis no âmbito da Política Pública Acordo Verde, na cidade de João Pessoa, capital do estado da Paraíba, nordeste do Brasil. O embasamento teórico da pesquisa ficou concentrado nas formulações clássicas e contemporâneas da sociologia do trabalho e nas teorias clássicas e contemporâneas da dádiva. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida pelo método qualitativo e quantitativo (aplicação de questionário, entrevistas semiestruturadas, observações in loco e conversas informais) e se concentrou em duas associações de catadores na cidade de João Pessoa. A pesquisa de campo realizada revelou a importância da Política Pública de reciclagem de resíduos sólidos, o predomínio da dádiva patronal, clientelista e competitiva e os desafios postos frente a políticas de geração de renda e trabalho associativo de catadores.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ClidenorBSF_DISSERT.pdf: 414431 bytes, checksum: 9d70a6bf3c1b428bf9218a18430167ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The reality experienced by many families and individuals who seek and require the services of the Unified Health System - SUS, the relationships between users, health professionals, and political representatives, establishes the core of the issue that guides the choice and interest of this study concerning the prominence of clientelist practices and gifts that permeate the health field. The research is based on the analysis and reflection of the intrinsic relationship between the health and political fields. It analyses the health field and its relationship with the dynamics and developments of the local political scenario relating it to the implementation of the Family Health Program and Community Health Agents Program (PACS/PSF health programs) in the city of Mossor?, State of Rio Grande do Norte which refers to the period 1991-2010; and falls into a methodological perspective of qualitative approach. The methodological tools and techniques used were based on semi-structured interviews, direct observation of the field, journalistic texts and documentary sources. The construction and questioning of the object of the research were based on theoretical contributions from authors discussing the social field and symbolic power: Bourdieu (2005); clientelist relationships and gifts from asymmetric exchanges: Rouland (1997), Lanna (1995), Martins (1999), Carvalho (1999), Diniz (1982); exercise of hegemony and political strategy from authors who analyse this subject: Gramsci (1995), Coutinho (1981), and Gruppi (1978). Furthermore, the research has established dialogues with authors who address the dynamics of Brazilian politics such as Baquero (2001) and Weffort (1993). The collected data were subjected to qualitative content analysis. The results showed that with the implementation of the PACS/PSF programs in the aforementioned city, the health field has established itself as a key scenario for the exercise of political hegemony of the factions that dominate this socio-political context, resizing clientelist practices, however, without modifying the power structures within this social scenario / A realidade vivenciada por in?meras fam?lias e indiv?duos que buscam e necessitam dos servi?os do Sistema ?nico de Sa?de SUS, as rela??es entre usu?rios, profissionais de sa?de, e representantes pol?ticos, instituem o cerne da problem?tica que norteia ? escolha e o interesse deste estudo sobre a proemin?ncia das pr?ticas clientelistas e d?divas que permeiam o campo da sa?de. A pesquisa se pauta na an?lise e reflex?o da rela??o intr?nseca entre o campo da sa?de e o campo pol?tico. Analisa o campo da sa?de e sua rela??o com a din?mica e os desdobramentos do cen?rio pol?tico local relacionando-o a implanta??o dos programas de sa?de PACS/PSF no munic?pio de Mossor?-RN que remete ao per?odo entre 1991-2010. Inscreve-se em uma perspectiva metodol?gica de abordagem qualitativa. Os instrumentos metodol?gicos e t?cnicas utilizadas pautaram-se em entrevistas semi-estruturadas, observa??o direta do campo, textos jornal?sticos e fontes documentais. A constru??o e problematiza??o do objeto da pesquisa fundamentou-se em aportes te?ricos de autores que discutem o campo social e poder simb?lico: Bourdieu (2005); rela??es clientelistas e d?divas a partir de trocas assim?tricas: Rouland (1997), Lanna (1995), Martins (1999), Carvalho (1999), Diniz (1982); exerc?cio da hegemonia e estrat?gia pol?tica em autores que analisam essa tem?tica: Gramsci (1995), Coutinho (1981) e Gruppi (1978). Ademais, a pesquisa estabeleceu di?logos com autores que versam sobre a din?mica da pol?tica brasileira como Baquero (2001) e Weffort (1993). Os dados coletados foram submetidos a uma an?lise qualitativa de conte?do. Os resultados evidenciaram que com a implanta??o dos programas PACS/PSF no munic?pio supracitado o campo da sa?de consolidou-se como um cen?rio essencial para o exerc?cio da hegemonia pol?tica das fac??es que dominam esse contexto sociopol?tico, redimensionando as pr?ticas clientelistas, entretanto, sem modificar as estruturas de poder no ?mbito deste cen?rio social

This work aims to theoretically highlight how the Solidarity Economics having as a mediation term the Social Capital can constitute in a powerful strategy of territorial development. The Solidarity Economy is based on a set of economic and social activities which recovers the solidarity sense, gift, and cooperation, trying to reinsert the economics in the set of other social practices. Public policies oriented towards the Solidararity Economics can constitute important instruments of territorial development if they are able to stimulate the generation of a set of rules and values, with tends to create confidence links resulting and facilitating the achievement of common goals, creating identities and even respecting the structure power that defines the territories and their limits, recognize the alterity, so they are allowed to establish new horizontal relations that are able to produce changes on peoples capacity to promote their full development and improve their life conditions. / termo de mediação o Capital Social pode se constituir numa potente estratégia de desenvolvimento territorial. A Economia Solidária envolve um conjunto de atividades econômicas e sociais que recuperam o sentido da solidariedade, da dádiva e do cooperativismo, procurando re-inserir o econômico no conjunto de outras práticas sociais. Políticas públicas voltadas para a Economia Solidária podem se constituir em importantes instrumentos do desenvolvimento territorial se conseguirem estimular a geração de um conjunto de normas e valores, tendentes a criar laços de confiança que propiciem ou facilitem a consecução de objetivos comuns, criem identidades e que mesmo respeitando as estruturas de poder que são definidoras dos territórios e seus limites, reconheçam a alteridade, para lhes permitir o estabelecimento de novas relações horizontais, capazes de produzirem mudanças na capacidade das pessoas para promoverem seu desenvolvimento integral e melhorar suas condições de vida. / Mestre em Economia

Nesta etnografia, a devoção ao Divino Espírito Santo é abordada por um trilha menos explorada. Em vez de se postar no centro do arraial em homenagem ao Santo, segue-se em viagem com a bandeira e os cantadores da folia do Divino em seu giro peditório de casa em casa na zona rural e urbana. A antropologia da experiência é eleita como princípio de composição para um giro teórico em que a experiência dos devotos e a do Divino Espírito Santo são os principais aspectos a serem discutidos. / In this etnography, the Holy Spirit devotion is approched by a less explored trail. Instead of staying fixed in the center of the festival in honour of the Holy Spirit, the researcher goes into journey with the \"bandeira\" and the singers of the \"folia do Divino\" in their begging peregrination house to house in urban and rural areas. The anthropology of experience is elected as the composition principle for a theoretical journey in which the experience of the devotees and that of the Holy Spirit are the most important aspects to be discussed.

Comment développer l’agriculture de petits paysans au Guatemala ? C’est la question que l’État guatémaltèque se pose depuis 1944, lorsque le Printemps démocratique tenta, sans y parvenir, d’organiser la transition du régime des grandes plantations latifundiaires à une agriculture de petites et moyennes exploitations modernisées. Nous nous intéressons dans cette thèse au cas des villages mayas-q’eqchi’ de la vallée de Cahabón au Guatemala. Face aux différentes politiques de développement qui leur ont été « proposées » avec plus ou moins de contraintes, par les élites locales, nationales ou relevant des ONG, les paysans q’eqchi’ se sont efforcés de construire leur relative autonomie actuelle grâce à une longue lutte juridique contre le dispositif du colonat dans l’Hacienda, puis en essayant de s’adapter non sans douleurs aux politiques de « transformation agraire » de l’État militarisé, et enfin à la privatisation et la parcellisation des terres imposée par la démocratie libérale. La comparaison de la version q’eqchi’ de cette histoire avec la version « occidentale » et la version de l’élite ladina locale, permet de comprendre les enjeux et la complexité des conflits, ainsi que la façon dont les Q’eqchi’ organisent leur résistance et leurs luttes, au travers d’une cosmovision et de paroles propres. En même temps, on tentera de décrire les institutions originales (travail mutuel, abstinence, confrérie) qui régulent la production de denrées commerciales (café, cardamome, cacao, piment) et vivrières (maïs, haricot, courges, etc.) et la relation à l’argent qui en découle. Cela permettra de comprendre les réussites et les échecs des différents programmes de développement actuels. / How to develop peasant agriculture in Guatemala? Such is the challenge the Guatemalan State faces since 1944, that is, since the “Democratic Spring” tried, without success, to organize the transition from the large latifundios plantations to an agriculture based upon small and medium sized modernized exploitations. The thesis takes the case of Maya-q' eqchi' villages of the valley of Cahabón in Guatemala. Considering the different development policies which “were proposed to them” with their constraints, by national and local elites or by ONG, Q’eqchi’ peasants built their relative autonomy thanks to a long legal fight against the device of the colonato of the Hacienda, then by the painful adaptation to the policies of “agrarian transformation” of the militarized State and to privatization and the parcelization of land imposed by the liberal democracy. The comparison between the Q’eqchi’ version of this history with the “western” and the local ladino elite version provides a detailed ethnographic picture of the complexity of these conflicts and the way Q'eqchi' have organized their resistance and their fight, through their own cosmovision, words and ritual. Through the description of the original institutions (mutual work, abstinence, brotherhood) which control the production of commercial food products (coffee, cardamom, cocoa, hot pepper) and food (corn, bean, marrows, etc) and the relation with money, it relates the successes and the failures of various current programs of development.

Le but de ce travail est de reconstruire la structure théorique et l’aspect historique de la notiond’« événement » dans le milieu de la phénoménologie française contemporaine, et en particulierdans les travaux de J. Derrida, J.-L. Marion et C. Romano. Le processus de reformulation de laphénoménologie qui est l’objet de notre étude s’étend des années 80 aux années 2000 et nepouvait adopter une approche diverse de celle qui consiste précisément dans le développementdu thème de l’événement, dont on a tenté de mettre en lumière les différentes traditions dont ilhérite. Il s’agit en général d’une référence mixte à la phénoménologie heideggerienne del’inapparent et au post-structuralisme. La question du statut de l’anthropos et du futur de laphénoménologie demeure en arrière-fond grâce aux questions ouvertes par la notion d’ «événement ». / The purpose of this work is to provide a theoretical and historical reconstruction of the notion of« event » in the field of French contemporary phenomenology and as it is developed in the worksof three main authors, notably J. Derrida, J.-L. Marion et C. Romano. The starting point of thework is in the attempt to reform French phenomenology from 80’s till nowadays through theconcept of event. Accordingly, the heritage of French contemporary phenomenology is identifiedin the tangle of Heidegger’s inapparent phenomenology as well as in post-structuralism. Thequestions cornering the definition of anthropos and the future of phenomenology are thereby inbackground.

This thesis is focused on the taxation of organizations in the non-profit sector. The theoretical part presents the various kinds of non-profit organizations and the Tax system in the Czech Republic. The practical part includes the analysis of taxation of a concrete profit organization – Nadační fond manželů Livie a Václava Klausových.

[pt] Trabalho etnográfico realizado no Morro do Bumba, favela localizada no bairro de Viçoso Jardim, em Niterói. Apesar de ser motivado inicialmente por um interesse nos desabamentos ocorridos no local em 2010, nas ações do Estado e na cobertura da imprensa, o foco da dissertação foi mudando conforme a convivência no campo. A partir de manifestações políticas e situações cotidianas, este texto apresenta o objetivo de repensar o alcance de certos conceitos e noções a partir dos quais se costuma basear a nossa ideia sobre o que é nossa sociedade. Indivíduo, risco, Estado, contravenção, dinheiro e política são algumas das categorias que ganham formas diferentes das veiculadas oficialmente, quando se trata do Bumba. Vivendo junto com as pessoas do local e observando, o etnógrafo se pergunta: será que onde o Estado e a imprensa veem apenas a falta e a necessidade, não existem também diferenças que resistem aos processos civilizadores que ocorrem em nossa sociedade? Seja na rejeição a certo tipo de pensamento sobre o processo eleitoral, quando evitam algumas instituições de saúde, segurança e lei, ou quando há a preferência pela espontaneidade onde se costuma recomendar a precaução, é possível perceber a afirmação de um discurso próprio no qual muitos não veem senão ruídos. / [en] Ethnographic work in Morro do Bumba, a slum located in Viçoso Jardim, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. Despite being initially motivated by an interest in the landslides that occurred in 2010, as well as in the actions of the State and the press coverage, the focus of the dissertation has changed as the research in the field progressed. Based upon political manifestations and everyday situations, this text aims to rethink if certain concepts and ideas used to think our society actually go as far as we believe them to do. Individual, risk, State, contravention, money and politics are some of the categories that in Morro do Bumba happen differently than it is usually expected by the official discourses. Living alongside the locals and observing, the ethnographer asks himself: where the State and the press see only necessity and misery, is it impossible to see also differences that resist to the civilizational processes that try to shape our society? When refusing certain kind of thoughts about the electoral process, when avoiding certain health, security and law institutions or when people choose spontaneity when some would expect precaution and see only noise, is it possible to notice the affirmation of a discourse?

Dans ce travail de thèse, nous cherchons à faire dialoguer Sartre et Bataille dont la confrontation dans les années quarante et cinquante a la signification, à notre sens, d’une rencontre entre deux pensées de l’expérience et de l’existence que nous proposons d’appeler respectivement « pensée de la liberté » et « pensée de la souveraineté ». Il s’agit, dans un premier temps, d’esquisser comment ces deux pensées ont pu se rencontrer sous forme de confrontation et, pour ce faire, de restituer l’horizon à partir duquel elles ont pu se formuler : si Sartre a reproché à Bataille d’avoir confondu dans L’expérience intérieure l’attitude scientifique et l’attitude existentialiste et d’avoir décrit ainsi une expérience nullement intérieure, c’est qu’en adoptant une méthode phénoménologique pour décrire la rencontre concrète de l’existence par elle-même en tant qu’existence temporelle, il entend par « expérience » ce que les phénoménologues allemands appellent « Erlebnis » et ce qui est dans son essence une sphère d’immanence radicalement infusionnable avec d’autres sphères du même type, tandis que l’expérience intérieure telle que Bataille la définit culmine précisément dans une fusion de l’intérieur et de l’extérieur que celui-ci considère d’ailleurs comme exigence fondamentale d’une phénoménologie de l’esprit développée et en vue de laquelle il exige une existence immédiate, sans délai, enfoncée dans l’instant. L’enjeu d’une telle divergence sur le sens de l’expérience et, corrélativement, de l’existence est d’autant plus profond que ces deux penseurs ont tous pour dessein d’établir une morale à ceci près qu’il s’agit, pour l’un, d’une morale de la souveraineté dont le sens est paradoxalement hypermoral et, pour l’autre, d’une morale de la liberté qui ne peut être atteinte qu’au terme d’une conversion radicale. En quoi consistent-elles ces deux morales ? Comment sont-elles accrochées à deux pensées différentes voire opposées de l’expérience et de l’existence ? Telles sont les deux questions auxquelles nous tenterons, en dernière instance, de répondre pour mieux mesurer l’enjeu de la confrontation entre Sartre et Bataille et, par là, établir un dialogue qui est de prime abord improbable. / In this dissertation, we seek to construct a dialogue between Sartre and Bataille whose confrontation in the forties and fifties should be considered, in our view, as an encounter between two ways of thinking experience and existence that we would like to call, respectively, « thinking of liberty » and « thinking of sovereignty ». We are going to, firstly, outline how these two thinkings could encounter with each other in a confrontational way and, for this purpose, to restore the horizon from which they were able to formulate themselves : if Sartre criticized Bataille for confusing, in The inner experience, the scientific attitude with the existentialiste one and, therefore, describing an experience which is not inner at all, that’s because in adopting a phenomenological method to describe the concrete encounter of existence – which is temporal – by itself, he understood « experience » as what the German phenomenologists called « Erlebnis », namely a sphere of immanence which is radically infusionnable with other spheres of the same type, while the inner experience as Bataille defined it culminates precisely in a fusion of the inner and the exterior that he considered as the fundamental demanding of a developped phenomenology of mind in responding to which he required an immediate existence, that is to say an existence without daly, immerged in the instant. What’s at stake in such a divergence on the meaning of experience and, correspondingly, of existence has much further implications in that both of these two thinkers had the very intention to establish the morality except that for one, it’s a morality of sovereignty whose meaning is paradoxically hypermoral while for the other, it should be a morality of liberty that can only be reached through a radical conversion. What could we learn from these two moralities ? How are they linked to two different, even opposite ways of thinking experience and existence ? These are the two questions that we will try, finally, to respond in order to better measure the stakes of the confrontation between Sartre and Bataille and thus to establish a dialogue which seems prima facie improbable.