Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T14:44:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3210280 bytes, checksum: 59a70fa534710b547bb87e5f2cfc3d2d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aimed to analyze the evolution of innovation policy and national PRIME Program and its local application in APL ICT Campina Grande. The methodology consists of : the application of the type and arrangement for local production and innovation systems as Cavalcanti Filho (2013 ) to characterize the cluster of ICT in Campina Grande , in the application of the systemic model of public policy analysis in conjunction with the cycle model public policy as Street (2009 ) to analyze the process of formation and implementation of the PRIME program . For data acquisition was used desk research , questionnaires and interviews . There was an evolution in the design of industrial policy and innovation in response to economic developments , in particular the process of globalization . Regarding the PRIME program , he presented barriers to implementation derived from inconsistencies in the design phase of the program , yet its goal was achieved in 85 % of participating companies in the case of PaqTc . A significant effect was the achievement instill in companies the importance of developing management skills and marketing , both considered weak in APL ICT companies Campina Grande. These new companies with business profile differentiated from standard corporate APL is an important variant of the arrangement and result in increased sales , one of the bottlenecks found by the analysis of APL . Therefore, the PRIME program was an important mechanism of variation within APL ICT Campina Grande ( PB ) . / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a evolução da política de inovação e o Programa PRIME nacional e sua aplicação local no APL de TIC de Campina Grande. A metodologia empregada consiste: na aplicação da tipologia para arranjo e sistemas produtivos e inovativos locais conforme Cavalcanti Filho (2013) para caracterizar o APL de TIC de Campina Grande; na aplicação do modelo sistêmico de análise de políticas públicas em conjunto com o modelo de ciclo de políticas públicas conforme Rua (2009) para analisar a processo de formação e implementação do Programa PRIME. Para aquisição de dados foi utilizado pesquisa documental, aplicação de questionários e entrevistas. Observou-se uma evolução na concepção da política industrial e de inovação, em resposta a evolução da economia, em especial ao processo de globalização. Com relação ao programa PRIME, ele apresentou entraves para implementação derivados das inconsistências na fase de concepção do programa, contudo seu objetivo foi alcançado em 85% das empresas participantes no caso do PaqTc. Um efeito relevante foi ter conseguido incutir nas empresas a importância do desenvolvimento das competências de gestão e mercadologia, ambas consideradas fracas nas empresas do APL de TIC de Campina Grande. Essas novas empresas com perfil empresarial diferenciado do padrão das empresas do APL é um importante fator variante dentro do arranjo, podendo impactar no aumento do faturamento, um dos gargalos encontrados pela analise do APL. Portanto, o Programa PRIME foi um importante mecanismo de variação dentro de APL de TIC de Campina Grande (PB).

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2014-11-10T18:10:25Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Leon Eugênio Monteiro Rabelo - 2012.pdf: 1815555 bytes, checksum: a7ba3c8040d0614efd528cd6e060f257 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2014-11-10T18:10:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Leon Eugênio Monteiro Rabelo - 2012.pdf: 1815555 bytes, checksum: a7ba3c8040d0614efd528cd6e060f257 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T18:10:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Leon Eugênio Monteiro Rabelo - 2012.pdf: 1815555 bytes, checksum: a7ba3c8040d0614efd528cd6e060f257 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-09 / The new communication and information technologies, especially in their various applications in network environments, as is the case of the Internet, are increasingly present in contemporary society and politics. In an accelerated pace, they meddle in traditional social settings, causing plenty of reactions among their established actors, leading to developments that, in the context of communication studies, raise new questions and perspectives to be investigated. Within this universe, this study picked out two cases to be more closely detailed: the website Wikileaks, and the Blog do Luis Nassif. The two cases were analyzed as phenomena that alter some of the interactional logic of the environment in which they appear, and in which they begin to establish relations of interaction, conflict and displacement. The two cases, that at first have no specific relationship between them, were addressed in an around some conceptual elements of classical social theory, particularly the critical traditions of the Public Sphere. As for their communicational aspects, they’ve been investigated according to the concept of interactional device, as it appears in contemporary communication studies. / As novas tecnologias de comunicação e informação, notadamente suas aplicações em rede e suas diversas configurações na internet, estão cada vez mais presentes na sociedade e política contemporâneas. Em ritmos cada vez mais acelerados, elas vão se intrometendo em ambientes e dinâmicas tradicionais, provocando reações nos atores constituídos desses ambientes, dando origem a desdobramentos que, no âmbito dos estudos comunicacionais, levantam novas perguntas e perspectivas a serem investigadas. Dentro dessa problemática, o presente trabalho escolheu dois casos para maior detalhamento: o site de vazamento Wikileaks, e o Blog do Luis Nassif. Os dois casos foram analisados segundo a perspectiva de serem fenômenos que alteram algumas das lógicas interacionais nos ambientes em que eles surgem e nos quais elas passam a estabelecer relações de interação, disputa e deslocamentos. Os dois casos, sem relação específica entre si, foram abordados num arco conceitual em torno de elementos da teoria social clássica, em particular as tradições críticas em torno da Esfera Pública. Já para problematizar os aspectos comunicacionais dos referidos casos, foi mobilizado o conceito de dispositivo interacional, tal como ele aparece nos estudos de comunicação contemporâneos.

As tecnologias de informação e comunicação têm sido as molas propulsoras do atual processo de globalização, promovendo a difusão da informação, bem como a instantaneidade dos eventos em múltiplos lugares, conectando-os, reduzindo o tempo dos fluxos de comunicação, informação e serviços, através de seu caráter ubíquo. Deste modo, existem os territórios, mas as distâncias que os separam são ignoradas, podendo ser transponíveis em lapsos de tempo, a telemática proporciona desta feita uma conexão vertical entre eles. A presente pesquisa, portanto, faz uma abordagem sobre o uso e disseminação das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) através da Educação a Distância (EaD), implantada no Estado do Amazonas em 2007, direcionada principalmente ao alunos do ensino médio. Propõe-se elucidar os motivos pelos quais o governo do Estado tem fomentado esta modalidade de ensino, e sua dinâmica no território, ao conectar verticalmente os espaços geográficos nele contidos. E seus efeitos culturais, ao fazer a interligação de estudantes, que moram em localidades isoladas no interior do Amazonas, com o mundo, através da internet. Através deste estudo foi possível também confrontar a infraestrutura de transportes e comunicação existentes nos núcleos urbanos e zonas rurais com as TICs instaladas a partir do advento da EaD, constituindo-se em novos conteúdos a estes lugares. Como também suas relações com lugares de elevadas densidades tecnológicas de comunicação, os quais já podem ser considerados de meios-técnico-científicos-informacionais. Bem como, analisar criticamente o processo de democratização da educação, por meio deste sistema educacional, aos alunos que até então não tinham acesso ao ensino médio. / Information technology and communication have been the drivers of the globalization process, promoting dissemination of information, as well as the immediacy of events in multiple locations, connecting them, reducing the time flow of communication, information and services through of its ubiquitous character. Thus, there are territories, but the distances that separate them are ignored and can be transposed in time-lapse, this time telematics provides a vertical connection between them. This research therefore makes an approach on the use and dissemination of information and communication technologies (ICTs) through Distance Education (DE), introduced in the State of Amazonas in 2007, targeted primarily to high school students. It is proposed to elucidate the reasons why the state government has encouraged this type of teaching, and their dynamics in the territory by connecting them vertically geographic areas therein. And its cultural effects, to make the interconnection of students who live in isolated locations within the Amazon, with the world through the internet. Through this study it was possible also to confront the transport and communication infrastructure in existing urban and rural areas with ICT installed from the advent of distance learning, providing new content on these sites. As well as its relations with places of high densities of communication technology, which can already be considered a technical-scientific-media-informational. As well, critically analyze the process of democratization of education, through this educational system, students who previously had no access to secondary education.

Cette thèse analyse les usages des technologies de l’information dans les organisations et leur influence sur les assemblages de contrôles. Un modèle d’analyse structurationniste des conséquences des usages des technologies fait l’objet d’une adaptation aux assemblages de contrôles. Ce modèle est mobilisé sur un cas d’appropriation d’une technologie de base de données collaborative. Cette étude comprend une phase préliminaire de 34 entretiens. 44 autres entretiens et 14 journées d’observation sont réalisés pour étudier un processus d’appropriation de sept années. La thèse montre que les usages de la technologie s’apparentent à une négociation aboutissant à la révision des contrôles utilisés. Deux changements sont mis en avant. D’un côté, on assiste à l’actualisation des contrôles administratifs qui se coalisent pour obtenir une reddition de comptes systématique et spontanée des individus. De l’autre, on assiste à une dissolution des contrôles sociaux et à un repositionnement des dispositifs intégratifs au carrefour du contrôle social et administratif. Ces changements traduisent la diffusion d’une logique comptable avancée dans l’organisation. / This dissertation analyses information based technologies usages in organizations and their influence on control assemblages.An existing structurational view of technology usages consequences is adapted to an approach of control that is also informed by structurational principles. The resulting model of analysis is mobilised for studying a collaborative technology appropriation process. A preliminary study based on 34 interviews is carried out to outline the appropriation context of this technology. The main case study is grounded on 44 interviews and 14 days of non participative observations.This research shows that usages as they develop, are similar to successive negotiation steps that progressively revise control. This process entails two main revisions. On the one hand, administrative control can be seen as updated as they coalise to obtain a systematic and spontaneous reporting from individuals. On the other hand, appropriation brings the dissolution of social control and integrative devices split from the group they originate from. These revisions can be seen as the diffusion of an advanced 360° accounting logic.

Este estudio se centra en el uso del Internet en niños entre 8 y 10 años del colegio Puruchuco, en Ate Vitarte y consta de dos etapas que permitieron un análisis comparativo entre los años 2013 y 2016. Con este trabajo se buscó tener un diagnóstico de esta realidad y conocer así cuanto del potencial de las tecnologías está siendo aprovechado por los niños, y si es que se da una confluencia de intereses entre los niños, los padres y los docentes de la institución a la que asisten los niños. Se buscó así conocer como los niños perciben este medio, la frecuencia de su uso, los programas que utilizan, las diferencias entre niños y niñas, sus opiniones con respecto a sus beneficios y riesgos y si reciben algún acompañamiento o enseñanza por parte de sus padres o profesores. / Trabajo de investigación

This master thesis deals with the analysis of information system and selected processes linked to the information system. It contains teoretical foundations of the selected problem, analysis and information system assessment and proposes several changes in order to make the information system and processes more efficient.

<p>У&nbsp; докторској&nbsp; дисертацији&nbsp; су&nbsp; кроз&nbsp; девет&nbsp; поглавља&nbsp; представљене&nbsp; могућности&nbsp; које доноси&nbsp; аналитика&nbsp; друштвених&nbsp; мрежа.&nbsp; Конкретно&nbsp; представљене&nbsp; су&nbsp; могућности&nbsp; које доносе друштвене мреже&nbsp; у склопу промотивних активности хотела.&nbsp; Истраживањем је обухваћено&nbsp; утврђивање&nbsp; значаја&nbsp; интернет&nbsp; маркетинга,&nbsp; и&nbsp; у&nbsp; склопу&nbsp; тога&nbsp; маркетинга&nbsp; на друштвеним&nbsp; мрежама&nbsp; за&nbsp; туристички&nbsp; и&nbsp; хотелски&nbsp; сектор,&nbsp; приказан&nbsp; је&nbsp; концепт друштвених&nbsp; мрежа&nbsp; као&nbsp; и&nbsp; карактеристике&nbsp; најактуелнијих&nbsp; друштвених&nbsp; мрежа&nbsp; на глобалном нивоу. Дат је и преглед техника аналитике друштвених мрежа и области и начини&nbsp; примене,&nbsp; са&nbsp; освртом&nbsp; на&nbsp; велике&nbsp; количине&nbsp; података.&nbsp; Такође,&nbsp; истраживањем&nbsp; јеобухваћено и утврђивање фактора који утичу на ангажовање корисника на друштвеним мрежама,&nbsp; као&nbsp; и&nbsp; карактеристике&nbsp; налога&nbsp; и&nbsp; метаподатака&nbsp; објава&nbsp; прикупљених&nbsp; на анализираним&nbsp; налозима.&nbsp; Под&nbsp; основном&nbsp; јединицом&nbsp; посматрања&nbsp; сматрани&nbsp; су&nbsp; сви категорисани&nbsp; угоститељски&nbsp; објекти&nbsp; врсте&nbsp; хотел&nbsp; који&nbsp; се&nbsp; налазе&nbsp; у&nbsp; Републици&nbsp; Србији. Прикупљање података обухватало је комбинацију мануелних и аутоматских метода, уз помоћ којих су прибављени подаци о налозима хотела на најактуелнијим друштвеним мрежама. Истраживање је&nbsp; потврдило&nbsp; прву хипотезу да су хотели у Србији препознали значај&nbsp; друштвених&nbsp; мрежа&nbsp; за&nbsp; промоцију,&nbsp; на&nbsp; нивоу&nbsp; присуства&nbsp; на&nbsp; тренутно&nbsp; водећим платформама на тржишту. У раду је делимично потврђена друга хипотеза која сматра аналитику&nbsp; друштвених&nbsp; мрежа&nbsp; вредним&nbsp; каналом&nbsp; за&nbsp; прибављање&nbsp; информација&nbsp; о потрошачима, а која&nbsp; се могу користити као основа за промотивне активности хотела. Истраживањем је потврђена и трећа хипотеза&nbsp; да различите карактеристике објава које креирају&nbsp; корисници&nbsp; и&nbsp; хотели&nbsp; на&nbsp; друштвеним&nbsp; мрежама,&nbsp; различито&nbsp; утичу&nbsp; на ангажованост корисника, а самим тим и на значај за промоцију. На основу теоретских сазнања о промотивним активностима на друштвеним мрежама и практичних потреба отела&nbsp; у&nbsp; Србији,&nbsp; дат&nbsp; је&nbsp; предлог&nbsp; модела&nbsp; за&nbsp; вршење&nbsp; промотивних&nbsp; активности&nbsp; на друштвеним&nbsp; мрежама.&nbsp; Поред&nbsp; тога,&nbsp; у&nbsp; раду&nbsp; су&nbsp; представљене&nbsp; и&nbsp; могућности&nbsp; за&nbsp; будућа<br />истраживања у овој области.</p> / <p>U&nbsp; doktorskoj&nbsp; disertaciji&nbsp; su&nbsp; kroz&nbsp; devet&nbsp; poglavlja&nbsp; predstavljene&nbsp; mogućnosti&nbsp; koje donosi&nbsp; analitika&nbsp; društvenih&nbsp; mreža.&nbsp; Konkretno&nbsp; predstavljene&nbsp; su&nbsp; mogućnosti&nbsp; koje donose društvene mreže&nbsp; u sklopu promotivnih aktivnosti hotela.&nbsp; Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno&nbsp; utvrđivanje&nbsp; značaja&nbsp; internet&nbsp; marketinga,&nbsp; i&nbsp; u&nbsp; sklopu&nbsp; toga&nbsp; marketinga&nbsp; na društvenim&nbsp; mrežama&nbsp; za&nbsp; turistički&nbsp; i&nbsp; hotelski&nbsp; sektor,&nbsp; prikazan&nbsp; je&nbsp; koncept društvenih&nbsp; mreža&nbsp; kao&nbsp; i&nbsp; karakteristike&nbsp; najaktuelnijih&nbsp; društvenih&nbsp; mreža&nbsp; na globalnom nivou. Dat je i pregled tehnika analitike društvenih mreža i oblasti i načini&nbsp; primene,&nbsp; sa&nbsp; osvrtom&nbsp; na&nbsp; velike&nbsp; količine&nbsp; podataka.&nbsp; Takođe,&nbsp; istraživanjem&nbsp; jeobuhvaćeno i utvrđivanje faktora koji utiču na angažovanje korisnika na društvenim mrežama,&nbsp; kao&nbsp; i&nbsp; karakteristike&nbsp; naloga&nbsp; i&nbsp; metapodataka&nbsp; objava&nbsp; prikupljenih&nbsp; na analiziranim&nbsp; nalozima.&nbsp; Pod&nbsp; osnovnom&nbsp; jedinicom&nbsp; posmatranja&nbsp; smatrani&nbsp; su&nbsp; svi kategorisani&nbsp; ugostiteljski&nbsp; objekti&nbsp; vrste&nbsp; hotel&nbsp; koji&nbsp; se&nbsp; nalaze&nbsp; u&nbsp; Republici&nbsp; Srbiji. Prikupljanje podataka obuhvatalo je kombinaciju manuelnih i automatskih metoda, uz pomoć kojih su pribavljeni podaci o nalozima hotela na najaktuelnijim društvenim mrežama. Istraživanje je&nbsp; potvrdilo&nbsp; prvu hipotezu da su hoteli u Srbiji prepoznali značaj&nbsp; društvenih&nbsp; mreža&nbsp; za&nbsp; promociju,&nbsp; na&nbsp; nivou&nbsp; prisustva&nbsp; na&nbsp; trenutno&nbsp; vodećim platformama na tržištu. U radu je delimično potvrđena druga hipoteza koja smatra analitiku&nbsp; društvenih&nbsp; mreža&nbsp; vrednim&nbsp; kanalom&nbsp; za&nbsp; pribavljanje&nbsp; informacija&nbsp; o potrošačima, a koja&nbsp; se mogu koristiti kao osnova za promotivne aktivnosti hotela. Istraživanjem je potvrđena i treća hipoteza&nbsp; da različite karakteristike objava koje kreiraju&nbsp; korisnici&nbsp; i&nbsp; hoteli&nbsp; na&nbsp; društvenim&nbsp; mrežama,&nbsp; različito&nbsp; utiču&nbsp; na angažovanost korisnika, a samim tim i na značaj za promociju. Na osnovu teoretskih saznanja o promotivnim aktivnostima na društvenim mrežama i praktičnih potreba otela&nbsp; u&nbsp; Srbiji,&nbsp; dat&nbsp; je&nbsp; predlog&nbsp; modela&nbsp; za&nbsp; vršenje&nbsp; promotivnih&nbsp; aktivnosti&nbsp; na društvenim&nbsp; mrežama.&nbsp; Pored&nbsp; toga,&nbsp; u&nbsp; radu&nbsp; su&nbsp; predstavljene&nbsp; i&nbsp; mogućnosti&nbsp; za&nbsp; buduća<br />istraživanja u ovoj oblasti.</p> / <p>Throughout&nbsp; nine&nbsp; chapters,&nbsp; this&nbsp; PhD&nbsp; dissertation&nbsp; presents&nbsp; possibilities&nbsp; of&nbsp; social&nbsp; network&nbsp; analytics.Precisely,&nbsp; this&nbsp; dissertation&nbsp; presents&nbsp; possibilities&nbsp; of&nbsp; carrying&nbsp; out&nbsp; promotional&nbsp; activities&nbsp; on&nbsp; social network sites. The research study included determining of internet marketing importance, and within that importance of marketing on social network sites&nbsp; tourism and hospitality. Also, the concept of social network sites is presented as well as characteristics of the most current global ones.&nbsp; Within the scope of the reseatch is also a review of the techniques of social network analysis and areas and application modes, with reference to large amounts of data. The survey included determining factors that influence the user engagement on social networks, as well as the characteristics of accounts as well&nbsp; as&nbsp; characteristics&nbsp; of&nbsp; posts&#39;&nbsp; metadata&nbsp; collected&nbsp; on&nbsp; analyzed&nbsp; accounts.&nbsp; All&nbsp; categorized&nbsp; hotel facilities&nbsp; located&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; Republic&nbsp; of&nbsp; Serbia&nbsp; were&nbsp; considered&nbsp; the&nbsp; basic&nbsp; unit&nbsp; of&nbsp; observation.&nbsp; Data collection&nbsp; encompassed&nbsp; a&nbsp; combination&nbsp; of&nbsp; manual&nbsp; and&nbsp; automatic&nbsp; methods,&nbsp; through&nbsp; which information&nbsp; about&nbsp; the&nbsp; hotel&#39;s&nbsp; accounts&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; most&nbsp; current&nbsp; social&nbsp; networks&nbsp; was&nbsp; obtained.&nbsp; The research confirmed the first hypothesis that the hotels in Serbia recognized the importance of&nbsp; social network sites for promotion, at the level of presence at the current leading platforms in the market. The second hypothesis is partially confirmed that considers the analytics of social network sites a valuable channel for obtaining consumer information, which can be used as the basis for the hotel&#39;s promotional&nbsp; activities.&nbsp; The&nbsp; study&nbsp; also&nbsp; confirmed&nbsp; the&nbsp; third&nbsp; hypothesis&nbsp; that&nbsp; the&nbsp; different characteristics of the posts created by users and hotels on social network sites have different effect on&nbsp; user&nbsp; engagement,&nbsp; and&nbsp; therefore&nbsp; the&nbsp; importance&nbsp; of&nbsp; promotion.&nbsp; Based&nbsp; on&nbsp; theoretical&nbsp; knowledge about&nbsp; promotional&nbsp; activities&nbsp; on&nbsp; social&nbsp; network&nbsp; sites&nbsp; and&nbsp; practical&nbsp; needs&nbsp; of&nbsp; hotels&nbsp; in&nbsp; Serbia,&nbsp; this study proposed&nbsp; the model for performing promotional activities on social network&nbsp; sites. In addition, the paper presents possibilities for future research in this area.</p>

本研究的目的在於了解國中教師資訊科技融入教學的情形，並探討教師教學信念、科技學科教學知識(Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge, TPACK)和知識創新學習環境間的關係；同時並分析教師背景變項對TPACK表現造成的影響。 本研究的問題主要如下：(1)了解教師在不同背景變項下其TPACK表現是否有所不同？(2)探討教師的教學信念、TPACK和學生知識創新學習環境之間是否具有相關？(3)教師的教學信念是否對教師的TPACK表現具有預測力？(4)教師的TPACK表現是否對知識創新學習環境具有預測力？ 本研究改編外語教師TPCK調查研究問卷(Chai et al., 2011)和知識創新學習環境(Lin et al., 2014)之問卷，形成本研究資訊融入教學的問卷，對桃園市國中老師390位進行施測，統計方法上使用一般描述性統計、皮爾遜積差相關、單因子多變異數分析、多元迴歸分析以驗證假設問題。 研究發現如下：(1)教學年資較淺、任教術科教師、有使用教學平台及每周上網時間較長的教師在TPACK表現較佳。(2)學習者中心的教師信念、TPACK和知識創新學習環境之間具有顯著關係存在。(3)學習者中心的教學信念對TPACK的表現具最佳預測力。(4)教師的TPACK能力對知識創新學習環境也具預測力。本研究並根據上述研究發現提出相關的結論與建議以供教師或教育機關參考。 / The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK), teaching belief, and knowledge building environment, in order to understand how teachers may integrate information technologies into their instruction. This study attempts to answer the following research questions: (1) what are some major demographic variables that may influence middle school teachers’ TPACK level? (2) How are teaching belief, TPACK level, and knowledge building environment related to one another? (3) Can teaching belief help predict middle-school teachers’ TPACK level? (4) Can higher TPACK level help teachers to cultivate more creative knowledge building environment? Data from 390 samples were obtained from middle school teachers in Taoyuan, Taiwan, through an adapted survey. The statistics employed for data analysis include descriptive statistics , Pearson's correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression. The major findings were as follow：(1) Teachers who had less years of teaching experiences, or taught non-examination-oriented subjects, or had experiences of using teaching platforms or used Internet more often, tended to have higher TPACK level. (2)There were significant correlations among teaching belief, TPACK level, and knowledge building environment. (3)Student-centered teaching belief was found to predict teachers’ TPACK level. (4) Higher TPACK level was also found to predict teachers’ capacity to foster more creative knowledge building environment. Based on the findings, relevant conclusions and suggestions were also made for teachers and educational policy-makers.

Cette thèse est une enquête épistémologique qui s’interroge sur la persistance de « l’éther » dans le champ de la technologie. De façon générale, le mot « éther » évoque un modèle conceptuel de la physique pré-einsteinienne, celui d’un milieu invisible permettant la propagation de la lumière et des ondes électromagnétiques. Or, ce n’est là qu’une des figures de l’éther. Dans plusieurs mythologies et cosmogonies anciennes, le nom « éther » désignait le feu originel contenu dans les plus hautes régions célestes. Aristote nommait « éther », par exemple, le « cinquième être », ou « cinquième élément ». La chimie a aussi sa propre figure de l’éther où il donne son nom à un composé chimique, le C4H10O, qui a été utilisé comme premier anesthésiant général à la fin du XIXe siècle. L’apparition soutenue dans l’histoire de ces figures disparates de l’éther, qui a priori ne semblent pas entretenir de relation entre elles, est pour nous la marque de la persistance de l’éther. Nous défendons ici l’argument selon lequel cette persistance ne se résume pas à la constance de l’attribution d’un mot ou d’un nom à différents phénomènes dans l’histoire, mais à l’actualisation d’une même signature, éthérogène. À l’invitation d’Agamben et en nous inspirant des travaux de Nietzsche et Foucault sur l’histoire-généalogie et ceux de Derrida sur la déconstruction, notre thèse amorce une enquête historique motivée par un approfondissement d’une telle théorisation de la signature. Pour y parvenir, nous proposons de placer l’éther, ou plutôt la signature-éther, au cœur de différentes enquêtes historiques préoccupées par le problème de la technologie. En abordant sous cet angle des enjeux disparates – la légitimation des savoirs narratifs, la suspension des sens, la pseudoscience et la magie, les révolutions de l’information, l’obsession pour le sans-fil, l’économie du corps, la virtualisation de la communication, etc. –, nous proposons dans cette thèse autant d’amorces pour une histoire autre, une contre-histoire. / This dissertation stands as an epistemological inquiry into the persistence of the notion of ether within technology’s discursive field. Most often, the word “ether” is understood as a conceptual model in pre-einsteinian physics which designates the medium responsible for the propagation of electromagnetic waves and light. However, this proves to be only one of the many figures of ether. In multiple mythologies and cosmogonies, ether was also the name employed to refer to a sublime and pure fire filling the highest spaces of the universe. Aristotle, for example, named “ether” what he considered to be the “fifth being,” or the “fifth element.” Chemistry also makes use of ether, where the name denominates the compound C4H10O, used as the first general anaesthetic agent at the end of the nineteenth century. From our point of view, the sustained occurrences of ether in these different figures, so disparate indeed that they appear unrelated, marks the manifestation of its persistence. We argue that this persistence should not be narrowed down to a constant attribution of a “word” or a “name” to several historical phenomenons, but rather should be viewed as the actualization of a same etherogeneous “signature.” Responding to an invitation by Italian philosopher Agamben, and building on Nietzsche’s and Foucault’s history-genealogy as well as on Derrida’s deconstruction, our dissertation proposes an historical program oriented towards a theorization of the signature. To do so, we suggest locating the ether, or rather the ether-signature, at the heart of several historical inquiries concerned with the contemporary problem with technology. Approaching some of theses issues –the legitimating of narrative knowledge, the suspension of the senses, pseudoscience and mysticism, information and industrial revolutions, wireless obsessions, body and corporeality, virtualization of communication, etc. –, our dissertation aims at locating and articulating as many baits towards an-other history, a counter-history.

Considérées comme des moyens incontournables de participation à la société, les technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) constituent une piste de solution prometteuse pour l’enseignement et l’apprentissage auprès des élèves qui ont des incapacités intellectuelles. Toutefois, plusieurs auteurs dénoncent la faible utilisation des TIC en éducation de ces élèves. Pire encore, les recherches sur le sujet génèrent des résultats intéressants, mais d’une contribution limitée pour l’avancement des connaissances dans le domaine. Guidées par l’intuition et par un enthousiasme empirique évident, ces recherches s’appuient rarement sur des cadres de référence. Certes la documentation scientifique foisonne de champs de savoirs qui peuvent contribuer à ce domaine, mais ces contributions sont parcellaires et peu adaptées aux spécificités de ce dernier. L’intervention avec les TIC auprès des élèves qui ont des incapacités intellectuelles demeure donc un champ conceptuel mal défini qui n'est légitimé par aucun cadre de référence en particulier. Cette recherche doctorale se situe en phase de préconception d’un modèle de l’intervention avec les TIC auprès des élèves qui ont des incapacités intellectuelles. Elle vise à mettre en place des balises solides pouvant servir de cadre à l’élaboration d’un modèle de cette intervention. Dans cette phase de préconception, nous poursuivons deux objectifs, à savoir : 1) la mise au point d’un référentiel qui constitue un cadre intégrateur des connaissances existantes en la matière, qui servira avant tout à structurer et à organiser les informations disponibles à l’intérieur d’une synthèse validée par des experts et des intervenants oeuvrant auprès de ce type d’élèves et 2) l’élaboration d’un cahier des charges fonctionnel qui s’appuie sur le référentiel développé et qui précise les fonctions qu’un modèle idéal de l’intervention avec les TIC auprès des élèves qui ont des incapacités intellectuelles devrait remplir pour répondre pleinement aux besoins de ses différents utilisateurs. Ces balises (le référentiel et le cahier des charges fonctionnel) sont destinées, principalement, à des chercheurs, des concepteurs de technologies, des formateurs d’enseignants, etc. Les élèves, les enseignants et autres agents de l'éducation pourront en bénéficier indirectement à travers les applications dérivées de ces balises (programmes de formation, technologies, recherches, scénarios pédagogiques, etc.). / Regarded as essential means of participation in society, information and communication technologies (ICT) are a promising track for teaching and learning of students with intellectual disabilities. However, several authors denounce the low use of ICT in education of these students. Worse yet, research on the subject generate interesting results, but a limited support to contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field. Guided by intuition and empirical enthusiasm, theses researches often rely on reference frames. While the literature abounds with fields of knowledge that can contribute to this area, these proposals are fragmented and poorly adapted to the specifics of the latter. The educational intervention with ICT with students with intellectual disabilities remains an ill-defined conceptual field that is not legitimized by any particular reference frame. This doctoral research precedes the conception of an educational intervention model using ICT with students who have intellectual disabilities. It aims to establish strong tags that can serve as a framework for developing this model. In this phase of preconception, we pursue two objectives: 1) developing a repository consisting in a framework for integrating existing knowledge on the subject that will serve primarily to structure and organize the information available within the a synthesis validated by experts and practitioners; 2) developing a tender specification of the functions that a perfect model of this intervention should meet to fully satisfy the needs of different users. These tags (the repository and the tender specification) are intended, mainly, to researchers, technology developers, teacher educator, etc. Students, teachers and other educational agents will benefit indirectly from these tags through their applications by the first users of (training programs, technologies, studies, lesson plans, etc.).