<p>Background: The notion of IT strategies has changed during recent years, because our perspectives towards IT in the organizations have changed. We expect IT to be fulfilling business goals and lever-age business opportunities and we have strengthened the role of IT in the supply chain. Our individual view on IT, whether it is strategic or supportive, whether the infrastructure should be standard-ized or individualized etc., most likely affects how IT strategies are interpreted and conducted in the organization. This is critical in companies who have their subsidiaries on foreign land. It is not obvi-ous that managers in different countries interpret the IT strategy the same way, just because it happens to be the same company. In most large global coalitions, a common central strategy for IT is the standard. I have chosen to examine Argentinean subsidiaries to Swedish companies as an example. Eight research questions were formulated, with the purpose of finding what is included in a generic IS/IT strategy, if the perspectives of managers are in line with the theory, whether views are consistent throughout the concern, and determine the challenges of global IS/IT management.</p><p>Purpose: This paper aims at finding the generic parts in a IS/IT strategy formulation and explain how business management and IT specialists of global coalitions interpret the concept IS/IT strat-egy. A sub-purpose is to define the priorities in global IS/IT management. The analysis of the paper culminates in a model - “the interpretation of IS/IT strategies”, with the ambition to give guidelines for managers and strategy formulators in a global environment.</p><p>Method: The study is of qualitative, exploratory and explanatory type, it has a descriptive part and a theory enhancing rational. By a thorough literature study and a pre- study I wished to explore and shed light on the perplexities in IS/IT management, nationally and globally. The broad research spectrum was a conscious choice to cover the complex area of IS/IT strategy and the various people affected. By conducting interviews; through questions and observations I also aimed at describing and explaining how IS/IT strategies are interpreted in practice. As a result of my hermeneutic research approach I am drawing conclusions from the similarities and dissimilarities I found in the different perceptions and relate it to the result of previous studies. The idea is thus to combine these insights in order to enhance theory in the area.</p><p>Analysis and result: what could be determined from the analysis is:</p><p>• IS/IT strategy composed of strategic planning, alignment between business- and IT, competitive advantage, knowledge management, responsibilities, system architecture, interaction and security.</p><p>• No “generic” strategy exists. A good strategy for a global coalition is forward-looking and flexible and frequently evaluated. The strategy gives competitive advantage if leveraged; the results are related to IS paradigm view.</p><p>• IT people proves short sighted while business/strategy management have long term perspective, which contradicts Earl, (1999). The difference could be due to culture in this case. The organiza-tional structure does not determine IT architecture, which contradicts King Sethi (1999).</p><p>• Managers and IT people are generally not in agreement. Interpretations of strategy are not consistent in global firms. Managers and not IT people need to take responsibility for the formulation and realization of the strategy. This is in accordance with Axelsson, (1995).</p><p>The implications to managers are: The organizational structure chosen should not be steering the politics for architecture, moreover that IT specialists with a technical view can not be responsible for strategy work or global standards. Managers are encouraged to develop knowledge management, to include intellectual assets in the IS/IT strategy and work with culture enhancement programs.</p>

<p>Conect AB wants to know how they can use ITIL in their organization. Right now their company is in an expansive phase and needs a more structured way to work. They have been thinking of improving their way of work for several years but haven’t had the time to do so. Now they have realized they need to work more efficiently to able to grow further. ITIL is a collection of best practices. ITIL’s purpose is to help IT organizations to get more organized to de able to benefit the business in a better way. ITIL is developed by OGC (Office Goverment of Commerce) in England. With the help</p><p>ITIL you can structure your work better and there by increase the efficiency of the IT process. ITIL is divided I several processes and each one of them have their own purpose. That makes everyone’s duties clear. The central parts of ITIL are Service Support and Service Delivery that gives an overview of how to work in an</p><p>IT organization. The information about ITIL that has been acquired through previous courses at School of Engineering in Jönköping. Some books about ITIL were used to furthermore gather information. The information about how Conect AB work has been put together through several interviews with the supervisor at the company. A survey was sent to several of their customers, which of three of them replied.</p><p>This provided a good idea about how Conect AB works today. At the moment the company doesn’t have a helpdesk system to handle incoming</p><p>incidents. This is considered as the weakest part for the moment. A helpdesk system could improve the efficiency of their work a lot. To handle the incoming incidents in a correct way Conect AB will need to build a helpdesk, instead of letting the customers call the technicians directly. If they choose to implement the advices given to improve them, they will probably be able to expand even more. The time saved by the improvements can be used more efficient. This will allow the costumer relations to increase.</p> / <p>Conect AB vill veta hur de kan använda ITIL i deras organisation. De befinner sig just nu i en expansiv fas och behöver ett mer strukturerat arbetssätt. De har funderat i flera år på att förbättra sitt arbetssätt men har inte haft tid att göra detta. De har nu insett att de måste effektivisera sitt arbetssätt om de skall kunna växa. ITIL är samling av de så kallade ”best practices” som betyder ungefär bra erfarenheter. ITIL ska hjälpa IT–organisationer med att bli mer organiserade och att öka sin nytta för affärsverksamheten. ITIL är framtaget av OGC (Office Goverment of Commerce) i England. Med hjälp av ITIL kan man strukturera sitt arbetssätt bättre och därmed öka effektiviteten på IT-processen. ITIL är indelat i</p><p>flera processer, var och en med sina speciella uppgifter så att alla vet vad de ska göra. De centrala delarna i ITIL är Service Support och Service Delivery som på ett övergripande sätt beskriver hur man kan jobba i en IT-organisation. Informationen om ITIL till det här arbetet har införskaffats genom tidigare kurser på Tekniska Högskolan i Jönköping. Dessutom har böcker använts med</p><p>anknytning till ITIL. Informationen om Conect AB:s arbetssätt har sammanställts genom återkommande besök och samtal med handledaren hos uppdragsgivaren. Dessutom gjordes en enkättundersökning mot företagets kunder varav tre svarade.</p><p>Genom detta skapades det en bra bild över hur Conect AB arbetar.</p><p>För närvarande har firman inte något ärendehanteringssystem för inkommande ärenden. Detta ses som den största bristen idag. Ett ärendehanteringssystem skulle effektivisera deras arbetssätt väsentligt. För att kunna hantera ärendehanteringen</p><p>på ett korrekt sätt måste en helpdesk upprättas istället för att tekniker har hand om kundkontakten. Om företaget kommer att implementera förbättringsförslagen kommer de förmodligen att kunna få utrymme för att expandera. Vinsterna består i tidsbesparingar som kan användas mer effektivt. Dessutom kan man öka kundnöjdheten mot företaget.</p>

<p>One of the most important conditions for effective performance and successful business operation is effective use of IT by organization members. Because of this demand in organizations, adaptation to IT-induced changes is one of the important challenges that organizations face with it. Technical-advice network has been used in order to better understand the effects of interpersonal communications on employee’s adaptation to IT-induced changes. In the other words the main focus of this research is to understand the effects of technical-advice network on individual IT-adaptation.</p><p>The research is carried out by the survey method in a unit of an organization with 51 employees. Two structural characteristics of the network have been examined as antecedents to adaptability. The results of study show that the strength of ties and density of network have positive effects on individual adaptation to IT-induced change. The research provided interesting results about the effects of technical-advice networks on individual adaptation to IT-induced changes.</p>

Bakgrund och problem: Användningen av e-handel har växt de senaste åren och detta har medfört större möjligheter för kunder. E-handeln har möjlighet att nå ut till en större målgrupp utan geografiska hinder. Detta medför ett behov av förändring i distributionen av fysiska produkter. Kunder som använder sig av e- handel har höga krav på företag och det är viktigt att e-handeln är så effektiv som möjligt för att kunna konkurrera med andra företag. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att utforma en modell för analys och effektivisering av e-handel med tillhörande distribution. Modellen utvärderades vid EM-möbler. Metod: En litteraturstudie utformades från vetenskapliga artiklar, böcker och internetsidor. Den teori som samlades in ligger till grund för modellen för analys och effektivisering av e-handel med tillhörande distribution som fortsättningsvis även kommer benämnas som effektiviseringsmodellen. Empirisk data samlades in genom intervjuer med butikschefer och annan personal på EM-möbler samt en enkät besvarades av EM:s kunder. Effektiviseringsmodellen: En modell utformades genom en sammanställning av viktiga faktorer från teorin. Vid tillämpning av modellen framkom en del problem och utvecklingsområden som EM står inför. Efter tillämpningen av modellen framkom även vilka styrkor och svagheter modellen har. Slutsats: Det är många faktorer som påverkar arbetet med e-handel och kunder ställer höga krav när det gäller hemleveranser. För att skapa en modell för analys och effektivisering av e-handel med tillhörande distribution har faktorer från teorin sammanställts. För att tydliggöra länkarna mellan de olika faktorerna utformades en ”karta” och en steg-för-steg guide utformades för att förtydliga hur modellen ska tillämpas. När modellen tillämpades på fallföretaget framkom en del problem- och utvecklingsområden. På grund av det är så många faktorer som påverkar e-handel med tillhörande distribution och effektiviseringsmodellen endast tar upp en del faktorer finns i vidare studier möjligheter för utveckling av modellen. / Background and problem: The use of e-commerce has grown during the last years and this has resulted in more opportunities for the customers. With e-commerce it is easier to reach out to a bigger targeted group without geographical obstacles. This causes a need for changes in the distribution of physical products. Because of the high demands customers have on e-commerce it is important that companies work step by step to improve the e-commerce or they will not be able to compete with other companies. Purpose: The purpose with this study was to design a model for analysis and streamlining in e-commerce and appurtenant distribution. The model is evaluated at the company EM-möbler. Method: A literature study was conducted from scientific articles, books and internet. The collected theory is the base for the model. The empirical data was gathered by interviews with store managers and other personnel at EM-möbler and the customers replied to a survey. Model: A model was conducted through a compilation of important factors from the theory. When the model was applied on the case company a few problem areas and areas of development emerged. After applying the model the strengths and weaknesses of the model appeared. Conclusion: there are many factors influencing the process of e-commerce and the customers have high demands on the home delivery. To design a model for analysis and streamlining in e-commerce and appurtenant distribution have all the factors from the theory been compiled. To clarify the links between the different factors a “map” was designed and to clarify how the model should be applied a step-for-step guide was created. When the model was applied on the case company some problem areas and areas of development emerged. Because of the many factors influencing e-commerce and the appurtenant distribution there are good possibilities for development of the model since the model only treat a few factors.

The development of movement based technology is changing the way we interact with our computer systems. This study aims to answer questions about how this change is occurring and aspects following it. A number of different data collection methods are put to use as twenty informants takes part in a series of experiments regarding different application areas. The movement based technologies utilized by the informants are Leap Motion and Myo. Through the use of user experience and usability the study shows that movement based technology performs worse than the mouse in all tested application areas. On the other hand we found that the user experience is enhanced with the use of movement based technology in all but one of the tested application areas.

In this study I have compared two different development methods of reading and writing. I have done this by interviewing five first grade teachers in elementary schools and it is based on qualitative research interviews. The aim of the study was to immerse myself in which methods these five teachers describe that they have used. They got to describe how they work and how they have tought the students to read and write.  I have investigated if the teachers think that the computer is a good tool. The investigation also shows if the teachers believe that the students´ writing skills deteriorate if they can use the keyboard instead.  I came to the conclusion that four of the teachers used Arne Trageton´s method (2005) which means that the students learn how to write by using to computer. One of the teachers mostly used Ingvar Lundberg´s method (2010) in the student´s development of reading and writing, which means that the students learn how to write. All five teachers think that there is no perfect method (instead of development methods of reading and writing). Everyone of them believes that it is up to the teacher to choose the method that every single student will learn best by. When it comes to using the computer they all agree on that the computer is a good complement to teaching. All five teachers don´t think that the students will lose their writing skills by working with the keyboard. They mean that the students still use the pencil often enough in their school work.

In the report "Män är IT-tekniker; kvinnor är i helpdesk", several women in different positions at a male-dominated IT company are interviewed. The company wants to be able to hire more women, and have started group meetings with the women at the company to discuss related issues. The purpose of the interviews was to hear the women's views on the company, relating to gender equality issues. The interviews are then analysed through organisational theory and gender theory. One of the conclutions is that the company has to question their essential views on gender to be able to see bigger changes through. / I utredningen Män är IT-tekniker; kvinnor är i helpdesk eller administrationen intervjuas ett antal kvinnliga anställda inom olika funktioner på att mansdominerat IT-företag. Företaget har ett uttalat mål att anställa fler kvinnor. Ett arbete kring detta har inletts med kvinnoseparatistiska möten. Syftet med intervjuundersökningen var att få de redan anställda kvinnornas upplevelse av hur det är att arbeta på företaget. Samt att ta reda på kvinnornas och Företagets inställning till jämställdhet. Intervjuerna ses genom dels organisationsteorier och genusvetenskapliga teorier. En av utredningens slutsatser är att om Företaget vill kunna genomföra ett mer omfattande jämställdhetsarbete på strukturomvandlingsnivå i sin organisation måste de ifrågasätta sina ibland essentialistiska tankar om män, kvinnor, kön och genus.

Syftet med vår studie är att undersöka hur lärare i årskurs ett till tre använder sig av multimediala verktyg för att främja elevernas språkutveckling. Vi vill också få kännedom om varför de använder sig av multimedia samt deras attityder till användandet. Våra frågeställningar är följande:  Vilken syn har läarna påmultimediala verktyg fö språutveckling?  Hur anväder läarna multimediala verktyg fö att fräja elevernas språutveckling? Vi har använt oss av en kvalitativ metod i form av intervjuer i vår studie. Detta metodval gjorde vi för att få en djupare uppfattning om lärarnas användande och attityder till multimediala verktyg. Den sociokulturella teorin ligger till grund för vår uppsats, även literacy är en teori som vi utgår ifrån i vår studie. Vi beskriver också Gardners teori. Resultatet visar att samtliga lärare var positiva till att använda multimediala verktyg i undervisningen. Alla betonade vikten av mer utbildning om de tekniska verktygen. Det framgick att de vanligaste multimediala verktygen som användes var Activeboard och dator. Vi drar slutsatsen att lärarna inte aktivt använder de multimediala verktygen för att främja språkutveckling. / The aim of our study is to examine how teachers in grade one to three use digital tools to promote students' language development. We also want to know why they make use of multimedia and their attitudes to using. Our questions are:  What do teachers think about digital tools for language development?  How do teachers use digital tools to promote language development? We have used a qualitative approach through interviews in our study. This methodological choice we made in order to gain a deeper understanding of teachers' use and attitudes towards digital tools. The sociocultural theory is the basis for our study, while literacy is a theory that we assume in our study. We also describe Gardner’s theory. The results show that all teachers were positive about using digital tools in teaching. All stressed the importance of more education on the technical tools. It appeared that the most common digital tools used was the Active Board and the computer. We conclude that teachers do not actively use digital tools to promote language development.

The majority of all organizations are small and middle size companies in Lithuania. Information technologies are one of the most important parts of enterprise even if IT is not core business. It’s needed to support company’s information systems in order to achieve high effectiveness of IT. The goal of this work is to propose IT support recommendations orientated to small and middle size Lithuanian companies. The recommendations are based on ITIL, CobiT and quality management standard ISO 9001:2000. This work presents support stages and required software for collecting and storing needed information and monitoring the system’s performance. This software can perform described tasks with minimum consumption of resources. Proposed recommendations are not related to core business and organization’s IT. They can be applied by organizations with support they IT by themselves and by IT support outsourcing companies.

Tekniken är en stor del av alla barns vardag i samhället, detta ger oss därför ett ansvar att ge barnen möjlighet att utforska och experimentera med IT-verktyget pekplattan för att kunna stimulera barns språkutveckling i deras tidiga år. I läroplanen för förskolan (Lpfö 98/2010) står det skrivet att förskolan ska främja barns utveckling inom enkel teknik i vardagen (a.a). IT-utvecklingen är i ständig rörelse framåt, hela tiden upptäcks nya fantastiska användningsområden kring de IT-verktyg vi använder oss av idag. Tekniken är här för att stanna! Hur kan vi delge vår kunskap till barnen inom användningsområdet pekplattan när det gäller barns språkutveckling? Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur pekplattan används i förskolans verksamhet för att främja barns språkutveckling. I studien belyser författarna hur pedagogerna använder sig av pekplattan som ett verktyg när det gäller att främja barns språkliga utveckling. Denna studie är kvalitativ då författarna har gjort egna analyser och tolkningar utifrån observationer, samt att författarna belyser pedagogernas syn och tankar hur de använder pekplattan genom intervjuer. Elva pedagoger på tre olika avdelningar har intervjuats och sex observationer har genomförts. Resultatet visar på hur pedagoger använder sig av pekplattan för att främja barns språkliga utveckling. De frågeställningar som är aktuella i studien besvaras genom respondenternas intervjusvar samt de genomförda observationerna. Diskussionen innefattar författarnas egna tankar om pedagogernas förhållningssätt till IT-verktyget pekplattan. Den framtagna teorin i studien diskuteras och knyter an till studiens syfte samt frågeställningar. / Technology is a big part of every child living in the community, this gives us a responsibility to give children the opportunity to explore and experiment with IT tool touchpad in order to stimulate children's language development in their early years. In the kindergarten curriculum (Lpfö 98 /2010) , it is written that preschool should promote children's development in the simple technology of everyday life (a.a.). IT development is constantly moving forward, constantly discovered new amazing applications on the computer tools we use today. The technology is here to stay! How can we communicate our knowledge to the children within the area of ​​use the touchpad when it comes to children's language development? The purpose of this study is to investigate how the touchpad used in the preschool activities to promote children's language development. The study highlights the authors how educators use the touchpad as a tool for promoting language development of children from a didactic perspective. This study is qualitative as the authors have done their own analyzes and interpretations based on observations, and that the authors highlight educators' views and ideas how to use the touchpad interviews. Eleven teachers at three different departments were interviewed and six observations have been carried out. The result shows how teachers use the touchpad to promote children's language development. The issues that are important in the study answered by respondents' interview responses and the observations don. The discussion includes the authors ' thoughts on teachers' attitudes to IT tool touchpad. The developed theory in the study are discussed and linked to the purpose of the study and issues.