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Abstract  Peter Gröning: Det svenska Slum- och räddningsverket: En kunskapshistorisk undersökning av Frälsningsarméns sociala hjälparbete 1890–1914. Uppsala universitet: Inst. för idé- och lärdomshistoria, C-uppsats, vårtermin, 2023.  Undersökningen belyser den svenska Frälsningsarméns tidiga historia ur ett idé- och kunskapshistoriskt perspektiv. Med huvudfokus på det sociala hjälparbete som organisationen under senare delen av 1800-talet, enligt brittisk manér, initierar och bedriver under namnet Slum- och räddningsverket, granskar studien hur idéer och praktiker för hjälparbete från den brittiska Frälsningsarmén överförs till en svensk kontext.  Stor tonvikt läggs på de praktiska delarna av verksamheten och hur dessa utvecklas över tid. Likaså syftar studien till att utröna vilka motiv som ligger till grund för verksamheten, i synnerhet de religiösa inslagens relativa betydelse — balansen mellan religiositet och filantropi — och hur dessa inslag påverkar och formar verksamheten.  Studien genomförs med en närläsning av primära och sekundära källor, som självbiografier och Frälsningsarméns egna organ Stridsropet och Ljus i mörker, och bidrar därmed till en fördjupad förståelse för utvecklingen av Slum- och räddningsverket inom den svenska Frälsningsarmén, liksom för överföringen och anpassningen av hjälparbetets idéer och praktiker den svenska kontexten.

Thesis advisor: Hans de Wit / Thesis advisor: Ana M. Martínez Alemán / This project aimed to understand the relationship between theoretical interpretations of multiple values and ideas of the universities from within and across different disciplines and their influence on higher education and its internationalisation within the real international organisation (IO) policy context. With this foundation, I derived a theoretical construct to gauge the often implicit presence of values and ideas of the university in policy. The theoretical construct consisted of: (i) an academic idea of the university from philosophy of higher education literature; (ii) a globalised idea of the university from international higher education literature; and (iii) a developmental idea of the university from international development higher education literature. To apply the theoretical construct using theory-testing via critical discourse analysis of IO policy, I framed IOs as leaders in the global governance of HE, possessing significant linguistic capital (Bourdieu, 1991) in international development higher education. I used the concept of elite capture to describe the phenomenon of IO power over knowledge and values via policy channels enabling them to “describe, define, and create political realities (Táíwò, 2022, p. 32). The theoretical claim I tested, via the two theory-testing cases of UNESCO and the World Bank, was that the values held by IOs with regards to HE and its internationalisation practically shape IO structures and policy processes. I focused on internationalisation of higher education and academic research collaboration as specific policy areas for theory-testing. I found that idealised theoretical ideas of the university are useful for this analytic approach and play a part in shaping IO structures and processes, but in complex ways not neatly represented by disciplinary-bounded theoretical categories. Further, the discursive function of IO strategic priorities shapes discursive construction of higher education policy, how higher education is broadly treated, and the bounds within which internationalisation of higher education is approached. I recommend a richer and more complex theorisation of the university to account for rationales of different stakeholders, including academic, developmental, and globalised ideas of the university, to support policy-makers in international development higher education. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2023. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Leadership and Higher Education.

Den här uppsatsen är en begreppshistorisk undersökning av fienden som idé och begrepp i förhållande till Vietnamkriget, med syfte att förstå begreppets roll och funktion i och under kriget. Med utgångspunkt i framför allt historikern Quentin Skinners begreppshistoria har jag i uppsatsen utvecklat metoden krigets begreppshistoria, vilket innebär en undersökning av begreppets breda användning. Uppsatsen utgår från ett amerikanskt perspektiv och bygger på ett brett källmaterial som bland annat inkluderar tal, broschyrer, intervjuer, event och böcker, från politiska och militära aktörer, försvarsdepartementet, fredsaktivister, soldater, veteraner och journalister. I Vietnamkriget användes fiendebegreppet på olika sätt i olika sammanhang med syftet att påverka, mobilisera, skapa konsensus, legitimera, avhumanisera, problematisera och destabilisera. En av uppsatsens utgångspunkter är att krig är något som påverkar alla dimensioner av ett samhälle, och att krig ytterst är en språklig och kollektiv aktivitet.

Given the tendency of Populist Radical Right (PRR) parties to form anti-LGBTQ+ claims, this thesis aims to understand how a PRR party operating in a context characterized by progressive values relates to LGBTQ+ topics in their political messages on social media. A single case study of the Sweden Democrats (SD) – an example of a PRR party operating in such a context – was conducted. Idea analysis, which included the concepts of homonationalism and heteroactivism, was performed on 44 posts published during the year following the 2022 election on the social media platform X by politicians representing the SD in the national parliament. The results show that the SD pursued a homonationalist discourse in that they advocated LGBTQ+ rights to oppose Islam in general and Muslim integration in Sweden in particular. However, when the SD solely focused on the Swedish domestic context, LGBTQ+ rights were not promoted, but rather heteronormativity was favored above non-normative relationships, gender identities, and gender expressions. Thus, the results suggest that the SD took part in heteroactivism. Moreover, while the SD avoided outspoken homophobic statements, transphobic ideas were evident. Hence, the SD adapted to the Swedish context by performing a balancing act where they weighed the expression of heteronormative ideals against the potential loss of acceptance from a public supporting LGBTQ+ rights. Altogether, these results contribute to research on PRR parties operating in contexts characterized by progressive values as well as research on the SD concerning LGBTQ+ topics.

Although Zosimus is recognised as a generally servile epitomator, it has in the past been customary to regard his statements about the baneful influence of Christianity upon the Empire's fortunes as representing his own considered opinions. This dissertation attempts to show that Zosimus copied these ideas directly from his main source, Eunapius, modifying them only in very minor ways. The first chapter consists in a detailed comparison of the remaining fragments of Eunapius' History with Zosimus. It is shown that in many places Zosimus made only very slight changes in his epitome which were due to the need to condense his source or to his own very different taste in style. He was prone to abridge or omit especially rhetorical or reflective passages and those involving character portrayal. Some minor interpolations he introduced were due either to ignorance on his part or to a consciousness of the changes which the Empire had undergone since the time when his source wrote. The chapter concludes with a study of passages which seem to indicate a major divergence from Eunapius. All of these, it is suggested, conform to the types indicated earlier in the chapter. This part of the study then confirms the impression that Zosimus departed but little, and that rarely enough, from his source. Chapter two carries the study to parts of Zosimus' work for which there are no remains of Eunapius. Although Zosimus' carelessness and incompetence are abundantly revealed some evidence is produced of a crude attempt on Zosimus' part, from time to time, to dramatise, or rather to heighten the drama of, material taken from Eunapius. Attention is drawn to some passages, notably those on the mime and on the auri lustralis collatio, which have been seen as Zosimus' own contributions to his work, but which on closer investigation seem also to have been copied from Eunapius. In this chapter also the evidence for other sources within the part of the New History that was taken from Eunapius is reviewed and dismissed. The decline of the Roman Empire is the subject of the third chapter. The various elements in Zosimus' "theory"-the decline of the cities, the rise of Christianity, the abandonment of paganism--are shown to be present in the works of Eunapius and to a lesser extent Olympiodorus. Moreover two of the cardinal passages in Zosimus' work--the digressions on Palmyra and on the Secular Games--are shown to have probably been taken also from Eunapius. This is not to deny Zosimus all originality as in his proem he emphasises the idea of decline in a way that Eunapius did not do. Moreover his work belongs more to the genre of "world history" like those of the Christian chroniclers rather than of "secular history" like his models Eunapius and Olympiodorus. Nevertheless it seems that he took from Eunapius with minimal modifications the religious and political ideas which give distinction to an otherwise insipid piece of work. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

This study examines the Cultural Trauma associated with the Jedwabne pogrom, as portrayed in three Polish newspapers. The essay seeks to answer the following questions: How did the chosen three Polish newspapers with varying ideological and political views depict the discussion about the Jedwabne pogrom in their articles in the years 2016-2018? In what ways do these usages and representations reflect or challenge the dominant narratives of Polish national mythology? How has the discussion on Polish antisemitism in relation to the Jedwabne pogrom changed after the conservative Law and Justice party came to power in 2015? The source material used consists of 45 newspaper pieces from Gazeta Wyborcza, Tygodnik Powszechny, and Polonia Christianapublished between 2016-2018. The theory applied was inspired by Barbara Törnquist-Plewa's studies which originate from the theory of Cultural Trauma and Collective Memory and Geneviève Zubrzycki's theory of National Mythology. The method used to analyze the source material could be best described as a qualitative close reading of the sources, where the theory of cultural trauma with its associated diagnosed coping strategies and the perspective of national mythology is used as an analytical lens to highlight how the Jedwabne pogrom discourse is being portrayed intertextually. The study's results found two camps with different stances on the topic concerning the Jedwabne pogrom and Polish antisemitism, namely, the pro-Gross/identity-transformative camp and the anti-Gross/Gross-skeptical camp. The presented two camps used two different strategies concerning the pogrom debate, namely, the politics of shame and the politics of pride, which suggested a laboriously political state of the discourse in the years 2016-2018. The resulting politicization of these two political strategies was explained by their link to cultural trauma responses used by the camps conforming to Törnquist-Plewa's results. The study found that the national myth of Polish messianism was used in the source material. However, it was predominantly used mindfully by the newspaper's authors in an attempt to combat this national myth, which was tied to a cultural trauma response and political usage. The study found that the debate on Polish antisemitism tied to the Jedwabne pogrom has regressed after the Law and Justice party came to power in 2015, as their political meddling with state institutions sabotaged the Polish scholarly debate and effectively polluted the public debate in various scandals

The purpose of this thesis is to present, contextualize and interpret the educational philosophy of Natanael Beskow between 1920–1932. The examined source material consists of articles published in the journal Studiekamraten which ordinated from Birkagården folk high school (Birkagårdens folkhögskola) where Beskow served as principal. The content of the articles is related to previous research and to a historical context. This historical context deals primarily with the modernization of the Swedish society. The basic theoretical perspectives are theories about Bildung and liberal adult education presented by Bernt Gustavsson. This thesis finds that Beskow regarded education as an inner process that gradually raised and developed the individual’s moral capacity. Such neo-humanist views dominated pedagogical philosophy of the time. In addition, Beskow saw education as an instrument that could initiate a spiritual awakening. A challenging alternative to the established liberal adult education movement (folkbildningsrörelsen) was the class struggle education (klasskampsbildningen) that was formed within SKP. Its advocates regularly attacked Birkagården folk high school. Beskow was critical of the movement. He represented a contrasting ideal built around mutuality and democracy which partly originated from the foreign settlement movement.

Cybersecurity is an emerging subject in the public policy field in Sweden and the European Union. Part of public policy is the underlying ideas that create different approaches and instruments in the policy work. This study aim to answer which underlying ideas are present in writs from the Swedish executive government and the European Commission. The method in use is an comparative descriptive idea analysis. The analytical framework consists of three different dimensions that conceptualize threat, accountable actor and policy-instruments regarding cybersecurity. The studie shows that the commission and the Swedish executive government have similar ideas concerning the accountable actor which is public actors. However, concerning threat and policy-instruments the ideas differ. The idea of threats to cybersecurity is individual actors according to the European Commission while the Swedish executive government defines states as the threat. Concerning policy-instruments the European Commission appears to have a more regulative perspective.

Att dagdrömma är ett fenomen som ofta ansetts distraherande då det kan ses som orelaterat till en primär uppgift. Under senare år har dock dess fördelar och användningsområden börjat uppmärksammas mer. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka konstnärligt kreativa människors upplevelser av dagdrömmande i relation till deras skapandeprocess. Intervjuer genomfördes med sex konstnärligt kreativa individer som uppfyllde särskilda krav för kreativitet. Intervjumaterialet analyserades sedan genom en form av tematisk analys. Analysen resulterade i fem teman: Hjärnan får paus, Dagdrömmandets hinder, Sammanflätade ämnen, Idéers ursprung och Metakognition. Resultaten visade att deltagarna upplevde att det fanns flera typer av idéer och att dessa uppstod på olika sätt. Dagdrömmar upplevdes främst som något positivt och användbart för idéuppkomst under skapandeprocessen. Även i de fall då dagdrömmar inte genererade idéer sågs de positiva då de ändå ansågs kunna fylla vissa syften för dem. / To daydream is a phenomenon that often has been considered as distracting as it can be seen as unrelated to a primary task. However, during recent years it’s advantages and areas of use have begun to receive more attention. The aim of this study was to examine artistically creative people’s experiences of daydreaming in relation to their process of creating. Interviews were conducted with six artistically creative individuals who met specific criteria for creativity. The interview material was then analyzed by a form of thematic analysis. The analysis resulted in five themes: A break for the mind, Obstacles for daydreaming, Intertwined subjects, Origins of ideas and Metacognition. In summary the results showed that the participants experienced that there were several types of ideas and that they emerged in different ways. Daydreaming was mainly experienced as something positive and useful for idea generation during the process of creating. Even in cases where daydreams did not generate ideas, they were viewed positively as they were still considered to be able to fulfill purposes for the participants.