Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T11:06:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LIA NUNES FLEURY.pdf: 587952 bytes, checksum: 1f55b1364ac5a1af0ba81b281141e0ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-14 / This paper intends to demonstrate that memory, perception and daydreaming are key elements for the construction of modern lyric which refers to childhood. Furthermore, we aim to ensure that is through interaction lyric self, text and reader that poetry is complete. That is, it is in the participation that the poem takes place. The lyric self through the perceptual memory, rescues the distant past of the first images, implementing it in the form of object full of poetic images, directing it to the beholder. This, in the apprehension of "worlds" artistically aroused, it finds itself full of old and even new images. The daydreaming arises, this way, from the intersection of time and resulting images of this indissoluble triad. Our study is based on the theories of two French philosophers of modernity: Maurice Merleau-Ponty, especially in his Phenomenology of Perception work, and Gaston Bachelard, especially his The Poetics of Daydreaming work. / Esta dissertação propõe demonstrar que memória, percepção e devaneio constituem elementos fundamentais para a construção da lírica moderna que remete ao tempo da infância. Ademais, almejamos assegurar que a poesia se completa pela interação eu lírico, texto e leitor. Ou seja, é na participação que o poema se realiza. O eu poético, por meio da memória perceptiva, resgata o longínquo passado das imagens primeiras, transpõe-no sob a forma de objeto poético repleto de imagens, dirigindo-o, pois, ao espectador. Este, na apreensão dos mundos suscitados artisticamente, vê-se povoado de imagens rememoradas, e, até mesmo, de novas imagens. O devaneio surge, então, do entrecruzamento de tempos e imagens resultantes dessa indissolúvel tríade. Nosso estudo se fundamenta nas teorias de dois filósofos franceses da modernidade: Maurice Merleau-Ponty, sobretudo em sua obra Fenomenologia da Percepção, e Gaston Bachelard, principalmente na obra A Poética do Devaneio.

The aim of the dissertation is to investigate the own narratives told by young adults in the age group 18 to 25 years old about strains in life, ideas about the background to these, and attitudes now and in an imagined future. The emerging recurrent phenomena form the basis for a deeper understanding of the developmental tasks of young adults. Gender variances and changes over time are focused upon. The investigation is based on three distinct theoretical perspectives: developmental psychology, social constructionism and personal epistemology. The methods used vary according to the focus in four separate studies: (1) The Interview study is based on the narratives of 23 informants. A qualitative analysis was carried out and central themes are presented at group level. (2) In the Questionnaire study, a bird’s eye view is taken. A quantitative analysis was performed on 611 respondents’ answers about their own attitudes and experienced background to strains. (3) In the Follow-up study, 21 informants from the Interview study were interviewed again after eighteen months. (4) The Case study scrutinizes in detail four informants’ narratives about strains and attitudes on three occasions, over a total of three years. The combination of three different theoretical and three different methodological perspectives was used to make recurrent phenomena more visible, enabling the formulation of developmental tasks during this period of life. The most prominent phenomenon concerning strains is to become someone in the world. This is interpreted as an individuation process, which is a specific developmental task. Depression-like conditions occur and are understood to be transitional expressions of developmental-related sorrow. A spectrum based on prominent attitudes is formulated: vegetative being – creative being – productive doing – warding-off doing. The spectrum includes both problem-solving and problem-distancing attitudes. Common for men and for women is a movement between the problem-distancing and the problem-solving attitudes. The attitudes differ between men and women. Over time, a greater range of problem-solving attitudes is used, and they become less gender-specific. The problem-distancing attitudes decrease, both within the group of women and the group of men, but are still as gender-specific. As time passes, the narratives about the background to strains and future attitudes gain an increased number of themes. These changes are interpreted as a maturity process within the age group. Most of the young adults convey a hopeful view of the future.

Through in-depth analyses of nine of Mendelssohn’s Lieder ohne Worte, this paper argues that all nine pieces follow a single underlying event-arc typified by a cyclical drift into and out of the mediant key area. When considered in the specific context of Mendelssohn’s philosophical approach to song writing, the pianistic and cultural context of the pieces, and the connotations of the Lied genre along with strategic musical features common to all nine pieces, such as consistent accompaniment texture and relatively unstable opening melodic motives, this drift can be characterized as a musical embodiment of the internal experience of daydreaming. Though the nature and content of the “daydream” arc in each piece is different, the sense of drifting away and effortless return characteristic of this event-arc is always the same. / text

<p>Fantasy prone individuals spend much of their time fantasizing, focusing on a rich internal world of imaginary people or stories, vivid memories, or dreams. Fantasy proneness has been linked to psychological distress and psychiatric disorders. However, few experimental studies have been conducted with fantasy prone individuals; therefore, little is known about the behavioral correlates of fantasy proneness. The current study investigated associations between self-reported fantasy proneness, as measured by a frequently used questionnaire, the CEQ, and behavior during a laboratory task of attention, the SART. A potential mood regulating function of fantasy also was explored. Results of the study support the assertion that fantasy proneness is associated with variations in behavior that can be observed in the context of the laboratory. Specifically, fantasy proneness correlated with fewer instances of on-task thought and more frequent instances of mind wandering without meta-awareness during the attention task. It also correlated with more task errors and higher levels of self-reported fantasy thought during the task (though not with higher levels of other types of off-task thought). Finally, fantasy thought was found to have a protective effect on positive affect during the mundane task. There was no relationship between fantasy thought and negative affect.</p> / Dissertation

Att dagdrömma är ett fenomen som ofta ansetts distraherande då det kan ses som orelaterat till en primär uppgift. Under senare år har dock dess fördelar och användningsområden börjat uppmärksammas mer. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka konstnärligt kreativa människors upplevelser av dagdrömmande i relation till deras skapandeprocess. Intervjuer genomfördes med sex konstnärligt kreativa individer som uppfyllde särskilda krav för kreativitet. Intervjumaterialet analyserades sedan genom en form av tematisk analys. Analysen resulterade i fem teman: Hjärnan får paus, Dagdrömmandets hinder, Sammanflätade ämnen, Idéers ursprung och Metakognition. Resultaten visade att deltagarna upplevde att det fanns flera typer av idéer och att dessa uppstod på olika sätt. Dagdrömmar upplevdes främst som något positivt och användbart för idéuppkomst under skapandeprocessen. Även i de fall då dagdrömmar inte genererade idéer sågs de positiva då de ändå ansågs kunna fylla vissa syften för dem. / To daydream is a phenomenon that often has been considered as distracting as it can be seen as unrelated to a primary task. However, during recent years it’s advantages and areas of use have begun to receive more attention. The aim of this study was to examine artistically creative people’s experiences of daydreaming in relation to their process of creating. Interviews were conducted with six artistically creative individuals who met specific criteria for creativity. The interview material was then analyzed by a form of thematic analysis. The analysis resulted in five themes: A break for the mind, Obstacles for daydreaming, Intertwined subjects, Origins of ideas and Metacognition. In summary the results showed that the participants experienced that there were several types of ideas and that they emerged in different ways. Daydreaming was mainly experienced as something positive and useful for idea generation during the process of creating. Even in cases where daydreams did not generate ideas, they were viewed positively as they were still considered to be able to fulfill purposes for the participants.

Everyone participates in escape. The drive to escape is something we are born with. It is a force that has ties to our curiosity, as well as our profound psychological restlessness, and can even be seen in our displeasure with boredom. This thesis introduces three forms of escape: pure diversions, games, and play. Focussing on a play-based escape, this thesis argues that this is the most important form of escape, because, through play, we promote our cognitive health and creativity. This thesis develops three lines of investigation: first an understanding of what play is; second, through understanding the conditions, context, and disposition necessary in order to engage in a play-based escape; and third, a study of play through the review of architectural case studies. It is through these investigations that this thesis will identify ten key strategies that architecturally accommodate play. These are: nature, complexity, dynamic, loose-parts theory, scale, the primitive, along a path, mystery, risk, and unmonitored feel. In order to develop a method of design which engenders an architectural atmosphere of play-based escape these characteristics are organized into three interconnected themes: a desire to explore the world around us, a desire for a dynamic stimulating environment, and the desire to be active and move our bodies. Finally, an architectural application of the design method concludes this thesis, with hopes to activate a play-based escape capable of awakening our creativity.

Everyone participates in escape. The drive to escape is something we are born with. It is a force that has ties to our curiosity, as well as our profound psychological restlessness, and can even be seen in our displeasure with boredom. This thesis introduces three forms of escape: pure diversions, games, and play. Focussing on a play-based escape, this thesis argues that this is the most important form of escape, because, through play, we promote our cognitive health and creativity. This thesis develops three lines of investigation: first an understanding of what play is; second, through understanding the conditions, context, and disposition necessary in order to engage in a play-based escape; and third, a study of play through the review of architectural case studies. It is through these investigations that this thesis will identify ten key strategies that architecturally accommodate play. These are: nature, complexity, dynamic, loose-parts theory, scale, the primitive, along a path, mystery, risk, and unmonitored feel. In order to develop a method of design which engenders an architectural atmosphere of play-based escape these characteristics are organized into three interconnected themes: a desire to explore the world around us, a desire for a dynamic stimulating environment, and the desire to be active and move our bodies. Finally, an architectural application of the design method concludes this thesis, with hopes to activate a play-based escape capable of awakening our creativity.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:13:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pre-textuais sueli teresinha.pdf: 72902 bytes, checksum: 8ed91b623553e2ababcdda720af70a81 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-24 / Due to a search for the ineffable and for the beauty of artistic creation, did we make the decision of transforming into a thesis, the lengthy reflections about the meaning of art and its relations with human development. I uphold the thesis that art is a means of acquiring deep, inventive and distracting knowledge which can give meaning and grounding to the world, to our neighbour, and to man himself, thus contributing to human development. To show this, I interweave emotions and reflection, and I decide for a theoretical research. Methodologically, I approach Gaston Bachelard s phenomenology of the imagination. At the same time as this French philosopher is read as a word dreamer , who expresses his reflections as from a consciousness of wonderfulness before poetical images, he is also the author that teaches me to read himself, and more still, to search for the meaning of poetics in the development of man. The scope of an investigating eye is a reflection on the issues that involve human development and its relationship with art, aspects which are almost silenced in the pedagogic theories. Thus, the place of speech is the convergence of philosophy, art, education and from this point I aim at supporting the issues: how does art mould manners of being? In what way does it contribute so that people may see themselves as beings that may always surpass themselves? In order to do this, I talk with chosen and welcomed philosophers and educators who think art as substantive and significant. Mayhap in an infringing gesture, of a thought tucked away in some frontier, I search for artists to think about human development, to understand the basis and the pathway of this originally Greek ideal, an ideal of realized harmony and beauty, not only in and as a masterpiece, but in the person himself. The studies carried out allow me to say that man ascends to another means of being; he forms and transforms himself while searching for the object of his daydreaming which the artistic creation offers him / Na busca do inefável e da beleza da criação artística é que se constituiu o desejo de transformar em tese as longas reflexões sobre o sentido da arte e as suas relações com a formação humana. Defendo a tese de que a arte é um modo de conhecimento denso, inventivo, devaneante capaz de dar sentido e fundamento ao mundo, ao outro e ao próprio homem e por isso contribui para a formação humana. Para demonstrá-la, entreteço as emoções e a reflexão e opto por uma pesquisa teórica. Metodologicamente aproximo-me da fenomenologia da imaginação de Gaston Bachelard. O filósofo francês, ao mesmo tempo em que é lido como um sonhador de palavras que expressa suas reflexões a partir da consciência de maravilhamento diante das imagens poéticas, é também o autor que me ensina a ler a ele próprio, e mais ainda, a buscar o sentido da poética na formação do homem. O alcance do olhar investigativo é uma reflexão sobre as questões que envolvem a formação humana e as relações com a arte, aspectos quase silenciados nas teorias pedagógicas. Portanto, o lugar de fala é a convergência da filosofia, da arte e da educação e a partir desse ponto busco fundamentar as questões: em que a arte forja maneiras de ser? Em que ela contribui para que as pessoas se vejam como seres que podem sempre se ultrapassar a si mesmos? Para isso, dialogo com filósofos e com educadores escolhidos e acolhidos que pensam a arte como substantiva e significante. Em um gesto talvez transgressor, de um pensamento localizado em uma fronteira, busco também os artistas para pensar a formação do sujeito, para compreender os fundamentos e a trajetória desse ideal originalmente grego de harmonia e de beleza realizado, não apenas na e como obra de arte, mas na própria pessoa. Os estudos realizados permitem afirmar que o homem ascende a um outro modo de ser, ele se forma e se transforma ao buscar o objeto dos devaneios que a criação artística lhe proporciona

In my thesis, I focused on the challenges of the American Dream and its damaging demands. I compared these aspects to The Glass Menagerie, All My Sons, and Death of the Salesman, plays by Tennessee Williams and Arthur Miller, two playwrights concerned with similar issues in the 1940s and 1950s. Each chapter was introduced by Robert Frost's poem related to its topic. This element was added as a chapters' introduction to express the universality of the depicted issues and to tight the sections together under one pattern. In the theoretical part of the thesis, I concentrated on the 40s and 50s America and its features and the historical development of the American Dream. This section's main influences were works by Rodney P. Carlisle, Richard A. Schwartz, Stephanie Coontz, and Jim Cullen. With their books about America and its historical background, Carlisle, Schwartz, and Coontz provided a base for the factual context of this thesis. Cullen's work on the American Dream was used as the primary source for understanding the reasons behind the Dream and its historical development. The whole thesis was supported by arguments from Lauren Berlant, John W. Thoburn and Thomas L. Sexton, and Piotr Sztompka. Berlant's work on cruel optimism provided a possible explanation of particular behavior that accompanied...

Nesta dissertação investigamos como a ficção envolve o leitor. Para isso, partimos da rejeição a Homero declarada por Calímaco, observando que a suposta diferença entre a literatura preferida pelo público e a literatura preferida pela crítica depende de dois fatores distintos. O primeiro é o simples fato de a crítica ler profissionalmente e o público ler por prazer. O segundo está relacionado à distinção entre recepção e uso da literatura proposta por C.S. Lewis. Na recepção, a obra tende a ser admirada por si; no uso, tende a ser instrumentalizada como suporte para um devaneio em que os desejos do próprio leitor são vicariamente satisfeitos. Observamos que essa devaneio, que Lewis chama de construção egoísta de castelos, e que inclui uma variante mórbida, tem um paralelo na noção girardiana do duplo angélico. Contudo, o devaneio depende da simpatia como definida por Adam Smith, a qual por sua vez depende de certa aprovação moral. Investigamos portanto o tipo de personagem que conquista a aprovação moral do leitor, contrastando os heróis homéricos com os cavaleiros cristãos a fim de verificar como o cristianismo dirige a aprovação moral para as vítimas, fazendo com que os heróis da ficção sejam pessoas perseguidas ou marginalizadas. / In this dissertation we investigate how fiction involves the reader. Starting Callimachuss rejection of Homer, we note that the supposed diference between the literature favoured by the public at large and the literature preferred by critics is actually twofold. First, critics read for business and the public reads for pleasure. Second, as proposed by C.S. Lewis, there is a distinction between the reception and use of literature. In reception, a work tends to be admired in itself, whereas in use it becomes a mere support for a sort of daydreaming in which the readers own desires are vicariously satisfied. We discuss this daydreaming called egotistic castle-building by Lewis, highlighting its morbid variant, which finds a parallel in the Girardian notion of the angelic double, developed from a reading of Proust. Now, as egotistic castle-building in its turn depends on sympathy as defined by Adam Smith, a concept which includes moral approval, we investigate the types of characters who obtain the moral approval of readers, contrasting the warriors from Homers poems with Christian knights in order to show that Christianity directs moral approval towards the victims. In a Christian society, fictional heroes must be people who are persecuted or at least marginalised.