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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T16:17:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Freitas, Cezar Ricardo.pdf: 1247653 bytes, checksum: 0cdf982aad2e03b452c7d7730c5b43e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-17 / This study aims to present the proposals for Integral Education and Integrated Education by theorists from the Soviet Union, namely Vladimir Ilitch Ulianov, or Lenin (1870-1924), Nadejda Konstantinovna Krupskaia (1869-1939), Moisés Mikhaylovich Pistrak (1888-1940) and Anton Semionovich Makarenko (1888-1939), covering the period from the Revolution in October 1917 to the decade of 1930; and by John Dewey (1859-1952), a leading representative of the so-called Progressive Education Pedagogy. We sought to examine to which extent the Soviet authors shared the propositions of the Progressive Education movement, especially John Dewey s ideas, by problematizing the process of development and consolidation of capitalism, supported by liberalism and its fundamental principles, with emphasis on the second phase of liberalism, in which John Dewey is situated. We also discuss the challenges faced by the revolutionary Russia, highlighting the important elements in the struggle between liberals, fascists and socialists, as well as the elements that were incorporated, denied or even overcome by the Soviet theorists. For this study, it was necessary to understand that the concepts are not universal, but they have different meanings and respond to specific needs, taking the particularities of each time and place into account. In this sense, we examined the relationship between capitalism and liberalism, and how this relationship was expressed in the Progressive Education movement, as well as how socialism has entered this debate, considering the particular reality experienced in the Soviet Union. According to our findings, John Dewey s idea of Integral Education is that the school must provide an education that integrates culture with its practical use, which comprise the challenges faced by capitalism in that period, such as the absence of democratic institutions. On the other hand, within the Marxism s conceptual framework, the possibilities of an Integral Education aiming at the development of human being in its multiple dimensions, that is, an omnilateral education as opposed to unilateral education, could only be effective in a society where the full development of man was more important than the interests of capitalist accumulation and reproduction, that is, in the communist society. Although we are based on the assumption that Russia experienced, in the first decades after the Revolution, a transitional phase socialism , it was possible to find out that the Soviets idea of education was close to a conception of Integral Education as they pursued an education that included the political, economic and cultural dimensions, articulated to the revolutionary process. Regarding the Integrated Education, we have found that it is mainly used to express the relationship between school and society, and education and work, considering the historical particularities. Yet from different perspectives, bearing in mind the different projects of society and education, it was possible to establish the conception of Integrated Education both in John Dewey and in the Soviet authors. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as propostas de Educação Integral e Integrada nos teóricos da União Soviética, especificamente Vladimir Ilitch Ulianov, o Lênin (1870-1924), Nadejda Konstantinovna Krupskaia (1869-1939), Moisés Mikhaylovich Pistrak (1888-1940) e Anton Semionovich Makarenko (1888-1939), a partir da Revolução de Outubro de 1917 até a década de 1930; e em John Dewey (1859-1952), expoente máximo da chamada Pedagogia da Escola Nova. Tratou-se de apreender em que medida os autores soviéticos dialogaram com as proposições escolanovistas, notadamente com John Dewey, a partir da problematização do processo de desenvolvimento e de consolidação do capitalismo, sustentado pelo liberalismo e seus princípios fundamentais, com ênfase para a segunda fase do liberalismo, na qual John Dewey está situado. Ao mesmo tempo, explicitamos os desafios que a Rússia revolucionária enfrentava, destacando o que era pertinente no embate entre os liberais, fascistas e socialistas, bem como os elementos incorporados, negados ou até mesmo superados pelos teóricos soviéticos. Nesse caminho, tornou-se fundamental o entendimento de que os conceitos não são universais, mas que assumem diferentes sentidos e respondem a determinadas necessidades, respeitando as particularidades de cada tempo e lugar. É por isso que foi necessário compreender a relação entre capitalismo e liberalismo e como isso se expressou no movimento escolanovista, bem como a forma como o socialismo se inseriu nesse debate, a partir da realidade particular vivida na União Soviética. Constatou-se que, para John Dewey, a Educação Integral está articulada à perspectiva de que a escola propicie uma formação que integre a cultura com a sua utilidade prática, esta entendida a partir dos desafios enfrentados pelo capitalismo no período, dentre eles, a ausência de instituições democráticas. Por sua vez, para o marxismo, as possibilidades de uma Educação Integral, visando ao desenvolvimento do ser humano, em suas múltiplas dimensões, uma formação omnilateral, em contraponto à formação unilateral, somente poderia se efetivar numa sociedade em que o pleno desenvolvimento humano estivesse à frente dos interesses da reprodução e da acumulação capitalista: a sociedade comunista. Embora partamos do pressuposto de que a Rússia viveu, nas primeiras décadas após a Revolução, uma fase de transição, o socialismo, foi possível verificar a aproximação dos autores soviéticos de uma concepção de Educação Integral, ao buscarem uma formação que contemplasse as dimensões da política, da economia, da cultura, articuladas ao processo revolucionário. Em relação à Educação Integrada, foi possível verificar que ela é mais usada no sentido de expressar a vinculação entre escola e sociedade e educação e trabalho, respeitadas as particularidades históricas. Embora com perspectiva diferenciada, tendo em vista projetos distintos de sociedade e de educação, foi possível evidenciar a concepção de Educação Integrada em John Dewey e nos autores soviéticos.

Education reform changes taking place in Lithuania, one of the main tasks of this reform became the reorganization of education of children with special needs. The reorganization of special education changes not only the state of children with special needs but also the whole educational system. The isolation of these children that existed before the reorganization objected the principle of equal learning opportunities. The accepted child’s birthright to live in his/her own family, to be brought up in familiar environment which meets his/her needs. It became the main assumption of disabled children integrated learning at secondary schools. More and more children, having cerebral palsy (CP), are being educated at secondary schools. Despite big attempts to create optimal conditions for educating these children, it is not always successful. The author of this work was interested in difficulties that children of this category, their pedagogues, parents and classmates meet with, when these children are educated to integrate into secondary schools. Aim of research: to view and to evaluate providing complex help to children, having CP, integrating into secondary schools. Object of research: education of children having children cerebral paralysis at integrated secondary schools. Aims of research: 1. Evaluate special educational needs of children who took part in this research. 2. To find out the breaches of educating children with CP at secondary schools. 3. Referring to... [to full text]

Aklųjų ir silpnaregių vaikų integruotas ugdymas yra, pirmiausia, barjerų tarp sveikų ir neįgalių vaikų laužymas, vienodų ugdimosi ir karjeros siekimo galimybių sudarymas. Iškelta hipotezė, kad Lietuvos Respublikoje yra pakankamai priimtų įstatymų bei poįstatyminių aktų kurie reglamentuoja sutrikusio regėjimo vaikų inkliuzyvųjį ugdymą ir sudaro teorines prielaidas sutrikusio regėjimo vaikų inkliuziviam ugdymui LR bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose, tačiau praktiškai daugelis mokyklų dar yra prekliuzijos etape: segreguotų institucijų gyvavimo tradicijos, organizacinės, resursų paramos inkliuziviam ugdymui stoka pačių bendrojo lavinimo mokyklų viduje (kompetencijų, nuostatų, materialinės paramos prasme), per didelis mokinių klasėje skaičius, dauguma mokytojų, dirbančių bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose, nėra pasiruošę ugdyti sutrikusio regėjimo vaikų ir nenori turėti jų savo klasėse, neturi vaizdinių priemonių bei didesnio šrifto vadovėlių ir t.t. Remiantis 1991 metais ŠPI žinybinės specialiosios pedagogikos mokslinio tyrimo laboratorijos mokslinių bendradarbių parengta anketa buvo pateikta silpnaregiams vaikams, jų tėvams, pedagogams klausimai, susiję su požiūriu į integruotą ugdymą bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose. Respondentų atsakymai buvo sugrupuoti į atskirus reikšminius blokus: mokymosi sunkumai ir darbingumas per pamokas, vaikų bendravimo sunkumai, požiūris į silpnaregių vaikų mokymą ir auklėjimą. Duomenų apdorojimui, analizei bei darbe pateiktų lentelių sudarymui naudotos SPSS-PC 11... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Integrated education of blind and visually impaired children at first is breaking the barriers between healthy and disabled children, creation of equal possibilities of education and career aspiration. The hypothesis has been raised that in the Republic of Lithuania there are sufficient number of laws and legal acts (by-laws) that regulate inclusive education of visually impaired children and create theoretical presumptions for inclusive education of visually impaired children in mainstream schools of the Republic of Lithuania, however, in practice many schools are still in the stage of preclusion: traditions of existence of segregated institutions, lack of organizational and resource support for inclusive education in mainstream schools (from the viewpoint of competences, attitudes, material support), too big number of pupils in classes, the majority of teachers who work in mainstream schools are not prepared to educate visually impaired children and do not want to have them in their classes, they do not have visual aids and textbooks with enlarged font, etc. Referring to a questionnaire prepared in 1991 by the fellowship of departmental scientific research laboratory of special education of Šiauliai Pedagogical Institute the questions related to the attitude towards integrated education in mainstream schools have been presented to children with visual impairment, their parents and pedagogues. The responses of the respondents have been grouped to separate notional blocks... [to full text]

Integracijos tema aktuali, nes šiandien norima, kad specialiųjų poreikių turintys vaikai gyventų pilnavertį gyvenimą savo bendruomenėje, kad nesusidurtų su segregacija (atskyrimu), kad būtų lygiaverčiai su kitais bendrojo lavinimo mokyklos mokiniais. Darbe nagrinėjamas mokyklos bendruomenės požiūris į specialiųjų poreikių vaikų integraciją į bendrojo lavinimo mokyklą. / In my magistrate work I would like to analyse the problem and peculiarity of disabled children in the process of integration in general educational schools. The aim of the research: To research specific problems appearing while integrating children with special needs into general educational school in Shalchininkay town.

Bakalauro darbe analizuojamas specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių mokinių profesinis informavimas mokomųjų dalykų turinyje. Šio darbo tikslas yra nustatyti, kokios yra specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių mokinių profesinio orientavimo galimybės bendrojo lavinimo mokykloje per mokomųjų dalykų pamokas. Tyrime dalyvavo 100 IX – X klasių bendrojo lavinimo ir specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių turinčių mokinių. Norėdami išsiaiškinti, kokios yra profesinio informavimo galimybės, kokiu būdu ir kokias profesijas mokiniai renkasi buvo atlikta anketinė apklausa. Anketos pagalba buvo galima sužinoti vyresniųjų mokinių nuomonę apie mėgstamas profesijas, kokiu būdu apie tai sužino, kaip jie vertina savo pasirinkimą, taip pat kokia jų nuomonė apie profesijos informavimą mokomųjų dalykų turinyje, pamokose. Taip pat buvo aiškintasi, ar vyksta renginiai susiję su profesijos rinkimosi klausimais. Atlikus tyrimą nustatyta, kad daugiau nei pusę apklaustųjų IX-X klasių moksleivių yra apsisprendę dėl profesijos pasirinkimo. Mokinių apsisprendimą daugiausią veikia šeimos, tėvų interesai, taip pat prie to prisideda ir dalyko mokytojai, auklėtojos. Bendrojo lavinimo mokyklų mokiniai (taip pat ir specialiųjų poreikių mokiniai) kaip aktualiausią nepasirinkimo priežastį išskiria informacijos apie profesijos pasirinkimo kelius, tinkamumą dirbti pagal pasirinktą specialybę trūkumą. Mažiausiai akcentuojamas profesijos populiarumas ir profesijos prestižas. Įsidarbinimo galimybės svarbesnės merginoms, o būsimojo darbo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Profession choice is one of the most important choices in people's lives. Correctly chosen profession gives meaning to human life and his individual expression. Wrong decision caused self-disappointment. Research aim is to determine special education needs of students with career guidance opportunities for secondary school subjects during lessons. The study included one hundred IX - X classes of general education and special education needs students. This age students begin interest in their future, create plan for the future, choose favorite specialties and are interest in this specialties learning. To find out about opportunities for career information, how and what careers chooses students made and what mostly helped them to decide what profession choose was made questionnaire. The results showed that more than half of those respondents IX – X class student have decided on the choice of profession. Student self-determination is largely determined by a family, parents' interests, besides and subject teachers, educators. General schools students (including special education needs students) like most relevant reason for not to choose the profession students indicated information about career choices roads and eligibility to work in the chosen specialty shortages. Many of respondents not received information from subjects about the professions of choices. But asked whether this information should be given in to the lessons and textbooks contents majority answered... [to full text]

O presente trabalho tem a finalidade de analisar os componentes curriculares no ensino fundamental na condução à Educação Integral. Considerando a oferta de atividades diversificadas e identificando em que medida este currículo compreende as múltiplas dimensões que envolvem a formação humana. O objetivo é identificar como a escola desenvolve Educação Integral envolvendo diversos espaços, tempos e atores educativos, favorecendo a melhoria do ensino e aprendizagem. Para isso, é realizado um percurso pela história da Educação Integral no Brasil, resgatando as propostas para o ensino público, a partir das concepções do educador Anísio Teixeira, percorrendo ainda algumas experiências de escolas de tempo integral que foram implementadas no país a partir da década de 1950. Atualmente, o Brasil passa por um contexto de reformas educacionais, iniciadas com a Conferência Mundial sobre Educação para Todos, realizada na Tailândia, em 1990 que resultou na Declaração Mundial de Educação para Todos. Em seguida, surge a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB), (Lei n 9.394/96), no tocante ao Ensino Fundamental, prevê a implementação da educação em tempo integral, destacando a extensão do tempo, ou seja, escolas de tempo integral. Também na perspectiva da ampliação do tempo escolar, o Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE), (Lei n 10.172/01), detalhou a oferta de Educação Integral através do estabelecimento de metas e sobretudo a partir do Plano de Desenvolvimento da Educação (PDE), (Decreto n 6.094/07), que por sua vez instituiu o Programa Mais Educação (Portaria Normativa Interministerial n 17/07). Trata-se, portanto, de uma estratégia do Governo Federal para promover a ampliação do tempo escolar e a organização curricular da Educação Integral. Para a realização deste estudo, a metodologia utilizada consta de dois instrumentos: levantamento bibliográfico, pesquisa de caráter documental e observação da rotina escolar. Por meio desses instrumentos foram analisados aspectos legais e normativos da legislação educacional, documentos oficiais da Secretaria de Estado da Educação do Piauí (SEDUC-PI) e do Ministério da Educação (MEC). O estudo bibliográfico e a análise dos documentos oficiais permitiram concluir que a história da Educação Integral no Brasil sempre foi marcada por um caráter de descontinuidade, em razão da falta de políticas públicas efetivas e também que o discurso oficial dá ênfase a inclusão de diferentes atores educacionais bem como a intenção da ampliação dos espaços e tempo escolar. O que se constitui em possibilidades para novas aprendizagens e para o exercício da cidadania em uma sociedade marcada pela desigualdade. / The goal of the paper is to analyze the curricular components of elementary education in leading to Integrated Education. Considering the offer of diversified activities and identifying to what measure this curriculum includes the multiple dimensions which involve human formation. The goal is to identify how the school develops Integrated Education involving various spaces, times and educational actors, favoring the improvement of teaching and learning. For this a trajectory through the history of Integrated Education in Brazil is carried out, recovering proposals for public education based on concepts of the educator Anísio Teixeira, passing also through some experiences of full time schools that were implemented in the country as of the decade of the 1950s. Currently Brazil is going through a context of educational reforms which began with the World Conference on Education for All, carried out in Thailand, in 1990 which resulted in the World Declaration of Education for All. Shortly afterward, the Law of Guidelines and Bases for National Education (LDB), (Law n. 9.394/96), emerges regarding Elementary Education, which prescribes the implementation of full time education, highlighting the extending of the time period, that is, full time schools. Also in the perspective of increasing school time, the National Education Plan (PNE), (Law n. 10.172/01), detailed the offer of Integrated Education through the establishment of goals and above all based on the Development of Education Plan (PDE) (Decree n. 6.094/07), which, in its turn, instituted the More Education Program (Interministerial Normative Bylaw n. 17/07). Therefore, this is about a strategy of the Federal Government to promote the increase of school time and the curricular organization of Integrated Education. To carry out this study, the methodology used is made up of two instruments: bibliographic survey and documental research and observation of school routine. Through these instruments legal and normative aspects of the educational legislation, official documents of the State Department of Education of Piauí (SEDUC-PI) and of the Ministry of Education (MEC) were analyzed. The bibliographic study and the analysis of the official documents permitted the conclusion that the history of Integrated Education in Brazil was always marked by a characteristic of discontinuity, due to lack of effective public policies and also that the official discourse emphasizes the inclusion of different educational actors as well as the intention of extending the school spaces and time. This constitutes possibilities for new learning and for the exercise of citizenship in a society marked by inequality.

Submitted by Márcio Ropke (ropke13marcio@gmail.com) on 2017-02-20T12:59:20Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Susana.pdf: 1885260 bytes, checksum: 9a50bcc5d1674bd9950ca327c6ff64ec (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-02-22T18:48:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação Susana.pdf: 1885260 bytes, checksum: 9a50bcc5d1674bd9950ca327c6ff64ec (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-02-22T18:52:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação Susana.pdf: 1885260 bytes, checksum: 9a50bcc5d1674bd9950ca327c6ff64ec (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T18:52:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação Susana.pdf: 1885260 bytes, checksum: 9a50bcc5d1674bd9950ca327c6ff64ec (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-28 / Sem bolsa / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo compreender como a reforma em ação do governo gestão 2011-2014 com vista ao Ensino Médio (EM) politécnico e integrado no RS acontece no chão da escola de forma a perceber as (im) possibilidades para a melhoria educacional, centrando-se, dentro desse contexto, um olhar especial para a Educação Física (EF). A pesquisa foi um estudo de caso qualitativo em que se tomou como base o referencial metodológico Materialista-Histórico-Dialético através de um processo de ―triangulação‖ entre diferentes fontes de dados, pressupondo a existência de vinculações estreitas e essenciais com uma macrorrealidade, sobretudo no estudo do caso que tem como intuito a apreensão mais profunda de uma unidade. Foram estruturados três capítulos de embasamento teórico, em que se aclarou, a conceituação politécnica e integrada, seguido do trabalho como princípio educativo finalizando com a análise sobre o EM brasileiro e suas possibilidades no século XXI. Tais capítulos foram sumários para no último capítulo após elucidar a população a escola, o governo e o teor da proposta alvo de investigação, secundariamente investigar a reforma em uma escola da rede estadual. Para a coleta dos dados foram entrevistadas, através de roteiros de perguntas, as professoras atuantes no Seminário Integrado, as três professoras de EF atuantes no EM, além das contribuições da direção e da supervisão escolar. Na escola observaram-se quatro reformas (Reorganização curricular, inserção do Seminário integrado, Inclusão da Avaliação Emancipatória e Agrupamento por áreas de conhecimento), além do processo de implantação e de investimento na escola e professores, analisou-se o espaço da EF, para por fim refletir o que se verificou após dois anos de reformulações. As conclusões da pesquisa demonstraram um aumento da fragilidade do EM, em consonância do empobrecimento curricular, da forma de implementação e da falta de investimento e formação que deixou a escolas, principalmente, os professores de lado. O conceito de politecnia, á espécie de seus princípios basilares, não apareceu nos achados. Por conta disso, a partir da fala dos professores entrevistados e das reflexões ao longo do estudo, percebeu-se que a presente medida tem se encaminhado como uma política de governo que busca visibilidade por meio da melhoria das taxas escolares, mas que na verdade, está pouco preocupada com a melhoria da formação escolar dos jovens gaúchos, contribuindo sim, para a precarização do processo formativo e para o envio de trabalhadores ao sistema produtivo capitalista que busca recursos de baixo custo para funções no chão de fábrica. / This study proposed to understand how the reform in action management for the Polytechnic and Integrated High School happens on the school floor trying to verifying the (im) possibilities to improve the educational, focusing, in this context, a special attention to Physical Education. The research was a qualitative case study in which that took as base the Dialectical-Historical-Materialist approach through a "triangulation" process with the use of different data sources, assuming essential links existing with a macro-reality, mainly in the case study that wants to know deeply an unit. Three theoretical basis chapters were create, the first was dedicated to the polytechnic and integrated concepts, the next reflected about the work as an educational principle, finalizing with the XXI century Brazilian High School possibilities. These points where essential for in the last chapter, after elucidated the school population, the government and the proposal contents, verify the reform in a state school. Were interviewed, using questions scripts, the Integrated Seminar teachers, the three Physical Education High School teachers, beyond the school principal and supervision contributions. Were observed four reforms (The curriculum reorganization; The insertion of Integrated Seminar; The Evaluation modification and; The areas grouping), the implantation process and investments in the schools and teachers, as well as, looked the Physical Education space inside the reforms, to finally reflects about the two years changes founds. The survey conclusions indicated the High School fragility increase, in accordance with the impoverishment curriculum and the implement form, which without investment and training, forgot the teachers. The polytechnic concept, according their basic principles, wasn‘t found. Because of this, from the teachers interviews and the study reflections, was possible to realize that this reform has been forwarded as a government policy that wants visibility improving school rates, but in truth, is little concerned with the young gauchos‘ school education improvement, contributing, in fact, to precariousness the formation and to send workers to the capitalism system search low cost resources to work on factory floor functions.

This licentiate thesis describes the development and change of forms within a course with a focus on Work-Integrated Learning (WIL). For several years I have been responsible for a course and at the same time author of the syllabus for the course and seen how weak the integration is, and how it is perceived by the students, between theoretical knowledge and the practical work during an internship period. This has resulted in two interventions and processing of the syllabus and above all the methods and pedagogy used for the implementation of the course. In the beginning, the internship period contained four presentation seminars where the result was only a joint listening to the other students' stories and presentations. This resulted in a discussion and conceptual paper that focused on the importance of integration and how this can be made visible. The first change in curricula was inspired by Flipped Classroom, where students had to submit their narratives in advance in an online shared document. Prior to the seminar, it was assumed that they would then read each other's text and reflect on similarities and differences in experiences and learning in the workplace where they had their internship period. This resulted in a more reflective conversation during the seminars which can be called Peer Reflections where the conversation was always based on previous reflections and each other's thoughts. The second intervention was carried out in implementation at the same time as it was to be compared with the student's experiences of seminars in a control group that carried out a similar course structure with presentation and examining seminars. The change was inspired by a model from Australia that they call Huddles. This is a concluding seminar as a briefing of the practice. The issues that are discussed are carefully selected in collaboration with the students and have a clear anchoring in their experiences during the practice. The change, which was then implemented, after inspiration from Huddles in one group, with as before four seminars during the internship with carefully selected themes. At the same time, I was inspired by models for evaluating differences in teaching when technology is introduced, such as the SAMR model (substitution, augmentation, modification, and redefinition) and how this could be seen as a form of progression if technology was changed to AIL. The SOLO taxonomy was also the inspiration for describing the assignments and themes before each seminar. The research questions presented in this licentiate thesis focus on the students' experiences of how these changes contribute to a better understanding of the integration of what is taught at the university in the form of theory and the practical knowledge they learned in the internship. Qualitative data collection has taken place through observations and focus groups in both the group where changes have been implemented and in the group that conducted accounting and examining seminars. The results show that the integration in the students' understanding of theory and practice increases. They also experience a progression in their reflections and the seminars, while the students in the control group experience their seminars as scattered and they do not contribute to any knowledge development. The licentiate thesis also contributes to considering WIL as a complex concept with different areas of responsibility. The university teaches on the theoretical side, Work-Integrated Education (WIE) while on the other side of the dichotomy theory and practice where students are largely responsible for Workplace learning (WPL). Between these, several different activities can be carried out, including Huddles, which can be described as work-based learning (WBL). The university can contribute to these activities with, for example, simulations, the teaching of relevant software used by companies and organizations in the field. Workplaces can also contribute with concrete assignments in the form of various projects that the students are allowed to carry out or perhaps with guest lectures and concrete cases. Seeing WIL as an umbrella covering different forms of activities with different organizational responsibilities can make it easier to see the importance of the different activities and these can be integrated. WIL is not only WIE. In addition to the view that AIL is an umbrella concept with several different types of activities, ideas are also given on how Huddles can be introduced as a pedagogical method and how progression can be developed within Work-integrated Education and Learning with inspiration from different models. / Populärvetenskaplig Sammanfattning I denna licentiatuppsats beskrivs utveckling och förändring av former inom en kurs med fokus på Arbetsintegrerat Lärande (AIL). Jag har under flera år varit ansvarig för en kurs och samtidigt författare av kursplanen för kursen och sett hur svag integrationen är mellan teoretiska kunskaper och det praktiska arbetet under en praktikperiod och hur integrationen uppfattas av studenterna. Detta har resulterat i två interventioner och bearbetningar av kursplan och framför allt av de metoder och den pedagogik som använts för genomförandet av kursen. Initialt innehöll praktikperioden fyra redovisande seminarier där resultatet endast blev ett gemensamt lyssnande till de andra studenternas berättelser och presentationer. Detta gav som resultat ett diskuterande och konceptuellt paper som fokuserade på integrationens betydelse och hur detta kan synliggöras. Den första förändringen inspirerades av Flipped Classroom där studenterna i förväg fick lämna sina narrativ i ett online delat dokument. Inför seminariet förutsattes att de sedan skulle läsa varandras texter och reflektera över likheter och skillnader i upplevelser och lärande på den arbetsplats där de hade sin praktikperiod. Detta resulterade i ett mer reflekterande samtal under seminarierna som kan kallas Peer Reflections där samtalet hela tiden byggde på tidigare reflektioner och varandras tankar. Den andra interventionen genomfördes samtidigt som studenternas upplevelser av seminarier skulle jämföras i en kontrollgrupp som genomförde ett liknande kursupplägg med redovisande och examinerande seminarier. Förändringen inspirerades av en modell från Australien som där kallas Huddles. Detta görs vid ett avslutande seminarium som briefing av praktiken. Frågeställningarna som diskuteras är noga utvalda i samverkan med studenterna och har en tydlig förankring i deras upplevelser under praktiken. Förändringen genomfördes sedan, efter inspiration av Huddles i den ena gruppen, med liksom tidigare fyra seminarier under praktiktiden med noga valda teman. Samtidigt inspirerades jag av modeller för värdering av skillnader i undervisning när teknik införs, såsom SAMR-modellen (substitution, augmentation, modification och redefinition) och hur detta kunde ses som en form av progression om teknik byttes mot AIL. SOLO-taxonomin blev också inspiration för beskrivning av uppdragen och teman inför varje seminarium. Forskningsfrågorna som redovisas i denna licentiatuppsats fokuseras på studenternas upplevelser av hur dessa förändringar bidrar till att bättre förstå integrationen av den teori som de lärt sig på högskolan och den praktiska kunskap de fått på praktikplatsen. Insamling av kvalitativa data har skett genom observationer och fokusgrupper i både i den grupp där förändringar har genomförts och i den grupp, kontrollgruppen, som genomfört redovisande och examinerande seminarier. Resultatet visar att studenternas förståelse av integrationen mellan teori och praktik ökar. De upplever också en progression i sina reflektioner och i seminarierna medan studenterna i kontrollgruppen upplever sina seminarier som spretiga och att de inte bidrar till någon kunskapsutveckling. Licentiatuppsatsen bidrar med att betrakta AIL som ett komplext paraplybegrepp med olika ansvarsområden. Å den ena sidan är högskolan ansvarig för att förmedla teoretisk kunskap, Arbetsintegrerad Undervisning (AIU) medan studenten å den andra sidan, till stor del är ansvarig för att integrera teori och praktik genom sitt arbetsplatsbaserade lärande (APL). Mellan AIU och APL finns arbetsbaserat lärande (ABL) där det kan genomföras en rad olika aktiviteter, där bland annat modellen Huddles ingår. Aktiviteter som lärosätet kan bidra med är till exempel simuleringar och undervisning i relevanta programvaror som används av företag och organisationer inom fältet. Aktiviteter som arbetsplatserna kan bidra med är konkreta uppdrag i form av olika projekt som studenterna får utföra eller med gästföreläsningar eller konkreta Case. Att se AIL som ett paraply som omfattar de olika begreppen och innehåller olika former av verksamhet med olika organisatoriska ansvar kan göra det enklare att inse vikten av de olika aktiviteterna och hur dessa kan integreras. AIL är därmed inte enbart AIU. Utöver synsättet att AIL är ett paraplybegrepp med flera olika typer av aktiviteter lämnas också idéer på hur Huddles kan införas som en pedagogisk metod för att stärka ”I.et” i AIL och hur progression kan utvecklas inom arbetsintegrerat lärande med inspiration av olika modeller.

Skolor i Sverige ska kontinuerligt arbeta med skolutveckling. Enligt Skolverket är rektor ytterst ansvarig för att leda skolutvecklingsarbetet på respektive skolenhet. Skolutveckling innefattar många olika delar och innehåll där den inre organisationen på respektive skolenhet till viss del kan avgöra vilken inriktning utvecklingsarbetet bör ha. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka rektorers föreställningar om skolutveckling på den lokala skolenheten i relation till verksamhetsintegrerad grundlärarutbildning. Studiens ansats är kvalitativ, där det empiriska materialet utgörs av intervjuer med rektorer. Den  teoretiska utgångspunkten i denna studie grundar sig i ett socialkonstruktionistiskt perspektiv med en förståelsebaserad orientering. Resultatet av studien visar att skolutveckling bedrivs på många olika sätt. Exempel på skolutvecklingsarbete har utkristalliserats i olika teman såsom aktuell forskning, systematiskt kvalitetsarbete, samverkan och elevernas resultat. Den inre organisationen påverkar riktningen i detta utvecklingsarbete i form av den kultur som råder samt vilket utvecklingsområde det fokuseras på. I relation till skolutveckling upplever rektorerna den verksamhetsintegrerade grundlärarutbildningen positiv utifrån flera aspekter men framförallt att teori och praktik tillämpas vecka för vecka. Utbildningens utformning kan bidra till skapandet av gemensam kunskap och skolutveckling på arbetsplatserna. Dock har rektorerna en föreställning om att studenterna kommer bidra mer och mer  till skolutvecklingen under utbildningens gång. / Schools in Sweden should continuously work with school development. According to the National Agency for Education the principal is ultimately responsible for leading the work with school development. School development includes many different parts and content where the inner organization at the school units should prioritize the development work. The purpose of this study is to research principals’ notions around school development at the local school unit in relation to a work-integrated teacher education. The approach of the study is qualitative, where the empirical material consists of interviews with principals. The theoretical outset in this study is based on a social constructivism with understanding-based perspectives. The results show that school development is being carried out in many different ways. Themes that have emerged in the study in terms of school development are current research, systematic quality work, collaboration and the students’ results. The inner organization affects the development work by way of the existing culture as well as which area of development is being focused on. In relation to school development the principals experience the work-integrated teacher education in a positive way from several aspects but above all that theory and practice are carried out week by week. The formation of the education contributes in generating common knowledge and school development at the workplace. However, the principals have an idea that the students’ contribution to the school development increases during the education.