Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This thesis presents the results of an analysis of predicting phytoplankton pigment concentrations (chlorophyll a and phycocyanin) from remotely sensed imagery. Hyperspectral airborne and hand-held reflectance spectra were acquired on three reservoirs (Geist, Morse and Eagle Creek) in Central Indiana, USA. Concurrent with the reflectance acquisition, in situ samples were collected and analyzed in laboratories to quantify the pigment concentration and other water quality parameters. The resultant concentration was then linked to Airborne Imaging Spectrometer for Applications (AISA) reflectance spectra for the sampling stations to develop predictive models. AISA reflectance spectra were extracted from the imagery which had been processed for radiometric calibration and geometric correction. Several previously published algorithms were examined for the estimation of pigment concentration from the spectra. High coefficients of determination were achieved for predicting chlorophyll a in two of the three reservoirs (Geist R2 = 0.712, Morse R2 = 0.895 and Eagle Creek Reservoir R2 = 0.392). This situation was similar for PC prediction, where two of the three reservoirs had high coefficients of determination between pigment concentration and reflectance (Geist R2 = 0.805, Morse R2 = 0.878 and Eagle Creek Reservoir R2 = 0.316). The results of this study show that reflectance spectra collected with an airborne hyperspectral imager are statistically significant, p < 0.03, in predicting chlorophyll a and phycocyanin pigment concentration in all three reservoirs in this study without the consideration of other parameters. The algorithms were then applied to the AISA image to generate high spatial resolution (1 m2) maps of Chlorophyll a and Phycocyanin distribution for each reservoir.

Amartya Sen y Martha Nussbaum son dos de los principales teóricos que le dieron origen a la propuesta del desarrollo humano, también entendido como el enfoque de las capacidades y ampliación de libertades. Sus presupuestos filosóficos se han ido acentuando con el tiempo, siendo los más destacados aquellos que hacen referencia a la teoría aristotélica acerca del buen vivir. Desde esta perspectiva, el desarrollo de las capacidades del ser humano tiene por fin último la εὐδαιμονία, entendida como el florecimiento humano o la felicidad. Desde el enfoque, se propone que los individuos tengan acceso a las oportunidades básicas que le permitan tener libertad de elección para optar por el tipo de vida que tiene razones para valorar. En este sentido, la democracia y la deliberación pública cobran un rol fundamental para alcanzar los fines del desarrollo humano, en el marco de la ampliación de la libertad política. El principal objetivo de esta tesis reside, en este sentido, en una ampliación de la línea de investigación del enfoque de desarrollo humano en relación a la democracia y la deliberación pública. Para ello, en el desarrollo de esta investigación también se hará una fundamental referencia a las investigaciones de Iris Marion Young, quien por su parte, realiza una propuesta más inclusiva de la democracia.

Several psychologists have attempted to articulate a theistic psychology or one consonant with their religious beliefs. Unfortunately, confusion over the concept of theism and a persistent naturalism in the discipline create substantial obstacles towards achieving a serious theistic psychology. It is suggested that these challenges can be overcome through examining alternative philosophies and methodologies for scientific psychology, exploring seminal articulations of God's activity, and providing a practical example of a theistic psychological research program.

This thesis develops the prioritization guidance and action guidance provided by Iris Marion Young’s Social Connection Model of responsibility for injustice. Young’s parameters of reasoning are limited in their ability to assist responsible agents in determining what they ought to do to fulfill their responsibilities, as they are severed from the structural analysis characteristic of the rest of the SCM. This thesis addresses the resulting limitations by developing categories of prioritization and an action guidance framework. I develop 6 categories of prioritization: power, benefit, interest, centrality, contribution, and control. Applied to social-group-based analysis, these categories determine the strength of the prioritization claim which a given injustice holds over a given social group. The action guidance framework takes the perspective of the political community and works its way through three questions and their corresponding considerations: “What can we do?” –structural change, altering practices, and harm alleviation; “How can we do it?” –understanding sub-issues and sub-options, determining interests, and organizing collectives; and “What can I do?” –eliminating contributory behaviours, and considering personal circumstances. Through this framework, agents can analyze the capacities of the political community and the structures of an injustice to determine which projects should be undertaken and how agents ought to contribute. Finally, the developments of this thesis are applied to the case of landlords and housing, therein establishing the necessity of landlords abandoning rental profits so as to fulfill and not contradict their responsibility to eliminate housing injustice. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA) / This thesis develops the prioritization guidance and action guidance provided by Iris Marion Young’s Social Connection Model of responsibility for injustice. Young’s parameters of reasoning, meant to provide this guidance, are limited in their ability to assist responsible agents in determining what they ought to do to fulfill their responsibilities. This thesis addresses these limitations by developing 6 categories of prioritization and an action guidance framework. The categories of prioritization determine which social groups ought to prioritize a given injustice. Through the action guidance framework, agents can analyze the capacities of the political community and the structures of an injustice to determine which projects should be undertaken and how agents ought to contribute to them. The developments of this thesis are applied to the case of landlords and housing injustice, therein establishing the necessity of landlords abandoning rental profits.

As I hope to show, a philosophical study of love is highly relevant today, since the sciences have not adequately answered the perennial question: What is love?; Since the time of Socrates, the idea of love and the conception of the human heart have been devalued by thinkers who, by definition, are known as "lovers of wisdom." Considered pejoratively as "the passions," the subject of emotion was deemed inferior to thought centered upon the human faculty of reason. Many studies in the sciences, from biology to psychology, claim to have pointed us to the source of the human experience of love--but do they help us to understand love properly? In order to provide a full consideration of love in my philosophical research, I will focus my analysis on love under the philosophical lens of phenomenology. Known as the study of firsthand human experience, phenomenology became the influential school of thought for many German philosophers in the early twentieth century. My research will closely examine the writings of Max Scheler, Dietrich von Hildebrand, and Jean-Luc Marion within the context of this tradition. Moving from a justification of love in philosophy to the topic of self-love, I hope to define effectively what it means to love another. I shall also attempt to disambiguate the common assumptions regarding the nature of love. Is there a fundamental difference between the phenomenon of "falling in love" and of love itself? I question whether love, in its essence, is defined by the element of choice--of a willful emotional giving of oneself to another--and whether it can be distinguished from a passive feeling and an active loving will. I aim to bring the human affective sphere into the full light of philosophical inquiry, considering whether love is a moral act of the will that involves a total participation of the self--in mind, body, and spirit. Love is arguably the most powerful of the human emotions, one that elevates the human sphere of emotions and the ethical existence beyond simple desire.

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No description available.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Identifying spatial and temporal patterns of disease occurrence by mapping the residential locations of affected people can provide information that informs response by public health practitioners and improves understanding in epidemiological research. A common method of locating patients at the individual level is geocoding residential addresses stored in electronic medical records (EMRs) using address matching procedures in a geographic information system (GIS). While the process of geocoding is becoming more common in public health studies, few researchers take the time to examine the effects of using different address databases on match rate and positional accuracy of the geocoded results. This research examined and compared accuracy and match rate resulting from four commonly-used geocoding databases applied to sample of 59,341 subjects residing in and around Marion County/ Indianapolis, IN. The results are intended to inform researchers on the benefits and downsides to their selection of a database to geocode patient addresses in EMRs.

本研究選擇楊 (Iris Marion Young) 在1977年首次發表的文章〈像女孩那樣丟球—論女性身體經驗〉為主要藍本，對梅洛龐蒂《知覺現象學》的身體主體概念進行討論。楊在文章中採用梅洛龐蒂活生生身體做為核心，以《知覺現象學》中〈身體本身的空間性和運動機能〉此篇章做為對照架構，置入性別化的反思，重新編織由女性主體經驗出發的身體模態。 在2005年楊以此文為書名同時收錄多篇聚焦於女性身體經驗的現象學討論，從懷孕、乳房、月經、老年照護等女性身體的各個面向，經由性別觀點的探問辯證處理多位歐陸哲學家和現象學家的論述，透過理論思考和生命經驗交揉出女性身體主體的視野。在〈像女孩那樣丟球—論女性身體經驗〉中，楊選擇梅洛龐蒂《知覺現象學》對活生生身體與世界關係的描述架構，同時立基於西蒙波娃對女性存在的分析和觀察，分析陰性身體的特定風格，以及這種風格及活動方式，與其在世界中的交往有什麼樣的關係？又具有什麼樣的意義？梅洛龐蒂在《知覺現象學》裡說明主體如何通過身體在世界中展開存在活動，在這些活動的運作中，我們不是如同船長掌舵一樣，作為純粹的思維者操作客觀的身體，也不是一個刺激-反應的制約機體對世界做出規律和法則的回應，主體與世界的關係，就座落在我作為一個活生生的身體主體向世界開放，朝世界投射。但是，這個身體的分析架構是否為一個普遍性的論述？如果經驗世界中有一大部分的身體典型在特定的層次上展現的差異性，這種獨特風格是基於什麼樣的存在處境中出現的？梅洛龐蒂突破笛卡兒純粹思維者的傳統，修正胡賽爾在《觀念一》朝向超驗觀念論的追求路線，試圖以一個具體化、肉身化的樣貌來理解人的在世存有，然而是否必須面對我們活生生的身體中是帶著性別、文化的銘刻？因此本研究將以楊所提出的女性身體活動與空間經驗為基礎，對照梅洛龐蒂文本中描述的身體模態，重新思考梅洛龐蒂的身體論述，與性別向度之間的關連性。

Le mystère du mal – faute et/ou malheur – est la limite la plus compacte à laquelle se heurte la réflexion humaine en général et la réflexion théologique en particulier. J'ai entrepris de lire sous cet angle la trilogie de Balthasar, qui est son œuvre centrale : il s'agit de voir comment un théologien contemporain du calibre de Balthasar affronte ce mystère, et en quels termes se présentent pour lui le désir humain et l'espoir chrétien de salut. L'approche de Balthasar est phénoménologique ; mais à ce propos deux précisions s'imposent. D'une part, cette phénoménologie est théologique : l'événement de Révélation est sans analogie ; on ne peut le ranger parmi les autres phénomènes. D'autre part, une telle phénoménologie se situe au pôle positif d'un « choix fondamental ». Ce choix, qui est un leitmotiv qu'on peut suivre à la trace dans toute la trilogie, décide de l'orientation de toute vie spirituelle : ou bien l'être humain, en présence de ce qui s'offre à sa conscience connaissante, tend à se développer, s'affirmer, s'approfondir, ou bien au contraire, il se laisse saisir et emporter par le mystère de ce qu'il lui est donné de percevoir. La réflexion théologique de Balthasar a comme axe principal la kénose divine : kénose intra-trinitaire (le dépouillement mutuel des personnes divines l'une envers l'autre) ; kénose de création (Dieu posant hors de lui des créatures capables de s'opposer à lui) ; kénose d'alliance (Dieu s'impliquant dans les aléas d'une alliance avec son peuple) ; kénose révélatrice (l'Incarnation, la Passion et la mort en Croix du Verbe divin). Le thème récurrent est celui de la « non-puissance » de Dieu, de la « non-figure » du Fils ensanglanté et mourant sur la Croix. La kénose du Fils incarné s'inscrit dans une logique visionnaire, répondant à un souci obsessif de Balthasar : le souci du « salut-pour-tous ». En effet, le Fils incarné subit l'abandon du Père, jusqu'à partager l'enfermement sans issue des réprouvés éventuels: la « Descente aux Enfers », c'est l'épreuve de la « non-puissance » extrême, seule capable de délivrer l'éventuel réprouvé sans faire violence au Libre Arbitre qui, selon la doctrine, définit la dignité de la personne humaine. La théologie négative, selon Balthasar, n'est pas l'arrêt de la raison humaine devant l'infini divin qui dépasse les limites de la conscience connaissante : pour Balthasar, c'est la contemplation du mystère inconcevable de la kénose divine, de l'inimaginable dépouillement divin dans la Passion du Fils et la Descente aux Enfers. La kénose du Fils incarné, ce n'est pas un acte distinct du Dieu tout-puissant, qui se séparerait de sa toute-puissance pour rejoindre le niveau de la condition humaine : le dépouillement, la non-puissance, c'est la définition même de Dieu dans la vie trinitaire. Selon Balthasar, la Passion, la mort, l'abandon du Christ jusque dans les ténèbres de la perdition révèlent Dieu tel qu'il est de toute éternité. Percevoir le divin dans la « non-figure » du Christ en croix, c'est recevoir le don du regard simple, c'est se tenir au pôle positif du « choix fondamental » : être emporté, ravi par le mystère qui se révèle. Ainsi se définit ce que Balthasar rappelle avec insistance : l'humilité de la théologie et de son langage: l'ouverture contemplative au mystère et le respect des failles de toute construction « théo-logique », failles par lesquelles se manifeste le mystère de l'indicible, qui bouscule nos habitudes et nos représentations.