The purpose of this study was to investigate a class-to-class online English-Portuguese "Teletandem” program that was conceived, negotiated, and implemented cross-collaboratively between the foreign language instructors and language resource center (LRC) staff at two large state universities—one in the United States and the other in Brazil. Ten English language students in Brazil were paired with 10 Portuguese language students in the U.S. for a 10-week Skype®-based tandem language exchange (TLE) project that was jointly delivered online across an international university partnership. A qualitative case study design was used to examine the attitudes, perceptions, views, and behaviors of the teachers, students, and LRC staff who participated in the project. The objective of the study was to shed light on the factors that facilitated and hindered teletandem design, implementation and sustainability. Participant feedback was interpreted and contextualized by the researcher to provide rich descriptions of how Teletandem was optimized and how it impacted student learning. The findings suggest that Teletandem is an innovative, low-cost, high-impact language learning activity with vast pedagogical implications. As a lab supplement to traditional instruction, it enabled students at both sites to accelerate L2 development through authentic immersion and practice while making social connections with native speakers abroad. In addition, the results showed that—for many students—Teletandem heightened intercultural awareness, boosted confidence in the L2, and strengthened fluency skills while rendering a transformational learning experience.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of social marketing within a collaboration between non-profit organisations (NPOs) and business organisations as well as whether this collaboration facilitates the process of social marketing for the NPOs. For this purpose, Austin and Seitanidi´s (2012a, 2012b, 2014) Collaborative Value Creation (CVC) framework was applied to social marketing as value outcome by combining it with Andreasen and Kotler´s (2003) model of the social marketing process in NPOs. Method: A qualitative study was conducted based on secondary and primary data. Hereby, primary data was gathered from a total of seven NPOs and twelve respondents across Sweden by the use of face-to-face and phone interviews. Result & Conclusions: Two main findings were identified in this study. Firstly, within the process of social marketing in a corporate-NPO collaboration the NPOs predominantly plan and design the campaigns independently. Hereby, it is shown that the NPO´s organisational model of operation influences the collaboration structure. Secondly, it is demonstrated that the corporate-NPO collaboration facilitates the NPOs social marketing process. Suggestions for future research: Further investigations of NPOs could be undertaken by distinguishing between their organisational model and area of operation in order to complement the presented theoretical model of the social marketing process in the corporate-NPO collaboration. Additionally, the perspective of business organisations could be considered. Contribution of the thesis: The present study contributes to literature by providing a theoretical model based of the social marketing process in the corporate-NPO collaboration. It demonstrates that this collaboration facilitates the social marketing process of the NPOs.

Comme dans la plupart des pays développés, l’hôpital public français fait face à de nombreux défis : démographie médicale défavorable, évolution des modes de prise en charge des patients, accumulation de réformes introduisant de nouvelles règles de financement ou de gouvernance, etc. L’organisation encore très éclatée du maillage hospitalier, qui compte près d’un millier d’établissements publics, rend difficile une transformation d’ampleur qui réponde à ces multiples contraintes.Dans ce contexte, la loi de modernisation de notre système de Santé de 2016 impose désormais à tous les hôpitaux publics de France d’adhérer à un Groupement Hospitalier de Territoire (GHT). Le GHT s’inscrit à la suite de nombreux instruments d’action publique visant à réorganiser le paysage hospitalier, mais dont les effets ont été souvent modestes. De multiples interrogations entourent cette nouvelle réforme, aussi bien à propos de ses finalités que de ses conditions de mise en œuvre. En effet, elle tranche avec le mouvement de reprise en main par l’Etat qui prévalait jusqu’à présent, en laissant une large autonomie aux acteurs de terrain dans son application.La thèse repose sur l’analyse de cette mesure, à travers l’étude de trois cas de construction de GHT. La principale ambition de notre travail est de s’interroger sur l’inscription de la réforme des GHT dans un nouveau paradigme de l’action publique.Nous montrons que malgré ses objectifs en apparence relativement vagues, cette réforme marque une véritable rupture dans l’action de l’Etat, visant à amorcer des dynamiques locales d’exploration de nouvelles modalités d’orga-nisation territoriale de l’offre de soins. Cette approche correspond à un nouveau régime de gouvernementalité, qui offre aux acteurs des objets de gouvernement, comme les parcours des patients, capables d’enclencher des apprentis-sages collectifs à travers la mise en place de partenariats d’exploration. Toutefois, en raison de plusieurs incohérences persistant dans l’action de l’Etat, les trajectoires de ces GHT s’annoncent hétérogène. Nous formulons donc quelques préconisations pour le management de ces dynamiques exploratoires, ainsi que pour une ingénierie de l’action publique plus cohérente, afin de mener à bien ces nouvelles orientations. / As in most of developed countries, French public hospitals are facing several challenges: shortage of medical resources, development of new care practices, 
as well as recurrent reforms introducing new financing or governance rules. The fragmented organization of the hospital network, which is made up of nearly a thousand public institutions, makes it difficult to implement a large-scale transformation that would meet these multiple constraints.In such a context, the latest healthcare law (2016) now requires all public hospitals in France to join a Territorial Hospital Group (THG). THGs come after a series of instruments that aimed at reorganizing the territorial hospital organisation, with mixed results up to now. This new reform has aroused many questions regarding its objectives and implementation conditions. Indeed, it contrasts with the strong state-control trend that had prevailed so far, by giving local actors a large amount of autonomy.The thesis is based on the analysis of this reform through a multiple case study. The main ambition of this work is to question the inclusion of the THG law in a new public action paradigm.Despite its apparently relatively vague objectives, I show that this reform is a real break in public action, as it aims at initiating local exploration dynamics around new territorial organizations. This approach corresponds to a new governmentality regime, providing actors with specific objects of government, such as care pathways, capable of triggering collective learning through the creation of exploration partnerships. However, due to remaining inconsistencies in the government’s action, the trajectories of these THGs appear to be very heterogeneous. Therefore, I suggest several recommendations for the management of these exploration dynamics, as well as for consistent public action engineering, in order to carry out such new orientations.

A travers cette thèse, notre objectif de départ a été de comprendre en quoi l'atteinte des objectifs sociaux des PPP dépend des mesures prises par les gestionnaires publics dans le cadre de l'exercice de leurs rôles et responsabilités en matière de contrôle.C'est pourquoi il a été question pour nous de comprendre comment les pouvoirs publics au travers des dispositifs institutionnels et contractuels ont exercé ce rôle de contrôle sur le partenaire privé. Sur la base d'une telle orientation, il a été souscrit aux méthodes qualitatives notamment à l'étude de cas pour appréhender le contrôle dans les PPP. Sur l'institutionnalisation des axes comme la prise en compte de toutes les parties prenantes, les différences d'objectifs, les rôles et responsabilités, l'absence de hiérarchie ont été tour à tour analysés. Ce qui a permis d'en faire des préalables des PPP. S'agissant de la contractualisation, il a fallu s'intéresser aux modèles de contrôle qui étaient basés sur la nécessité d'apporter des corrections au système, et sur ceux qui créent les conditions d'imputabilité. En conclusion de ce point, il apparaitra que les contrats devraient s'appuyer sur des éléments de performance. Enfin, sur le traitement des divergences entre partenaires les différences d'objectifs, de valeurs et de caractéristiques, l'opportunisme des partenaires surtout privés, la nécessité d'une alliance et d'une coopération, le pragmatisme des partenaires ont été mis en avant. Autrement dit dans les PPP, il est nécessaire de procéder au management de telles divergences. / Through this PhD thesis, our initial objective was to understand the control exercised by the government on their private partners in the Public-Private Partnerships. This was necessitated by the differences in objectives of the partner institutions and their different characteristics.This is why it has been the question for us to understand how the authorities through the institutional and contractual arrangements exercised this role of control over the private partner.On the basis of such an approach, it was subscribed to qualitative methods including case study to understand the control on the PPP.On the institutionalization, axis such as the inclusion of all the stakeholders, the differences in objectives, the roles and responsibilities, the lack of hierarchy were alternately analyzed. This allowing to make them prerequisites to PPPs.With respect to contracting, we had to look at the control models which were based on the need to correct the system and on those which create the conditions of accountability. To conclude this point, it will appear that contracts should be based on elements of performance.Finally, on the treatment of the differences between partners, the differences in goals, values and characteristics, the opportunism of partners especially the private ones, the need for an alliance and cooperation, the pragmatism of partners have been highlighted. In other words in the PPP, it is necessary to manage such differences.

Em um contexto de crescimento do volume de transferências de recursos públicos para entidades do terceiro setor e, ainda, de aumento do número de parcerias do Estado com tais entidades, cresce também a importância do controle estatal sobre as suas políticas de fomento e sobre a aplicação dos recursos transferidos. Paralelamente, a mídia, os órgãos estatais de controle e a academia jurídica manifestam preocupações com a corrupção na destinação desses recursos e com a ineficiência no seu emprego. Todos ainda enfrentam o desafio de fortalecer o terceiro setor, simultaneamente ao fortalecimento do controle do fomento estatal. A legislação federal brasileira, contudo, ainda não trata do assunto com o devido cuidado. Há um descompasso entre a importância do tema para o país, de um lado, e a insuficiência da legislação que o rege, de outro. Com este pano de fundo, esta tese descreve, primeiramente, qual é o direito vigente em matéria de controle estatal das transferências de recursos públicos da União para o terceiro setor. Em segundo lugar, aponta alguns dos principais problemas deste direito. Finalmente, sugere soluções para o seu aperfeiçoamento. Como ponto de partida para essas três vertentes de investigação, a tese trabalha com a hipótese de que tal controle é disciplinado por uma complexa teia de textos normativos que necessita ser reformada. O resultado das investigações é a confirmação desta hipótese, à medida que são reunidas evidências de que o quadro normativo geral é demasiado complexo, lacônico, excessivamente talhado pela via infralegal, descompassado com a Constituição Federal e ainda ineficaz a despeito de suas últimas reformas , demandando, sim, uma reforma legislativa. Com inspiração em projetos e anteprojetos de lei, assim como nas experiências espanhola e estadunidense pertinentes ao assunto e, ainda, levando em conta o diagnóstico de problemas efetuado, a tese defende seis medidas para reforma da legislação brasileira. Sustenta que tais medidas podem contribuir para a solução de parcela importante dos problemas da legislação vigente, tornando o controle estatal das transferências de recursos públicos para o terceiro setor mais democrático e consentâneo com os princípios constitucionais da impessoalidade, publicidade, motivação e eficiência. / In a context of growth in the volume of government transfers to nonprofit organizations, as well as in the number of partnerships between the state and these entities, there is also a growing need for the state to control its own funding policies and the use of the transferred resources. Simultaneously, the media, the state controlling agencies and the legal academia manifest their concern with the corruption involved in the destination of those resources and the inefficiency in its application. They also face the challenge of strengthening the nonprofit sector while curbing illegal behavior and strengthening state control of government stimulus initiatives. The federal legislation, however, still does not cope with the matter in a cautious way. There is a mismatch between the importance of the subject to the country, on one hand, and the limitations of the legislation that should govern it, on the other hand. Against this backdrop, this thesis describes, first, what is the current law governing federal control of its own funding of nonprofit organizations. Second, it points out some of the key problems of the existing legislation. Finally, it suggests solutions for its improvement. As a starting point for these three lines of investigation, it works with the hypothesis that the state control over grants to nonprofits is regulated by a complex net of legal norms which needs to be reformed. The result of the investigations confirms this hypothesis, as the thesis assembles evidences of an existing legal framework extraordinarily complex, laconic, excessively tailored through regulations in lieu of statutes, not totally aligned with the Federal Constitution and inefficient in spite of its latest reforms all these characteristics demanding, unequivocally, a statutory reform. Taking into account the diagnosis made and with an inspiration in bills and other legislative proposals in Congress, as well as in the Spanish and American experiences in the matter, the thesis pinpoints a number of six initiatives for the reform of the Brazilian legislation. It sustains that these initiatives should contribute to the solution of an important part of the flaws of the existing legislation, turning the state control of governmental transfers to nonprofits more democratic and tuned with constitutional principles governing the public administration, such as equality, publicity, reasoning and efficiency.

Tendo em vista o baixo grau de letramento entre os alunos do ensino fundamental e médio no Brasil e, concomitantemente, o crescimento espantoso do número de organizações não- governamentais (ONGs) trabalhando no campo da educação nas últimas décadas, o presente trabalho procura estabelecer uma ponte entre estas duas faces da educação no Brasil. Pretendemos, então, compreender a dinâmica e a influência das ONGs no Brasil no campo da educação e, mais especificamente, no campo da leitura, tendo em vista o desenvolvimento do letramento. Para tanto, fizemos um estudo qualitativo com características etnográficas baseado, sobretudo, em observações feitas em campo das atividades de uma organização e que foram analisadas a partir de concepções de leitura propostas pelos teóricos da psicolingüística (Smith, 1989,1999) e da Estética da Recepção (Jauss, 2002). Com isso, esperamos contribuir com os estudos sobre leitura e, principalmente, avançar nestas novas possibilidades educativas que nos são, hoje, apresentadas pela sociedade civil e que nos direcionam em busca de uma solução alternativa para um problema que vem afligindo os educadores há décadas no Brasil. Nossa principal hipótese seria que a escola pública poderia beneficiar-se e melhorar o grau de letramento de seus alunos, bem como ampliar o número de leitores proficientes/competentes, se pudesse estabelecer uma parceria com as instituições da sociedade civil/ONGs que já possuem um projeto consistente. Assim, por meio de troca de idéias e experiências, as instituições educacionais não-governamentais poderiam contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma escola pública de qualidade, sem, no entanto, substituí-la de forma alguma, deixando para o Governo a responsabilidade que lhe cabe. / In view of the low level of literacy among students of elementary and middle schools in Brazil and, meanwhile, the astonishing growth of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) working in the educational field in recent decades, this work tries to establish a connection between those two faces of education in Brazil. We intend to understand the dynamics and influence of NGOs in Brazil, and more specifically, in the field of reading for the development of literacy. Therefore, we did a qualitative study with ethnographic characteristics founded, above all, in remarks made at the field of the activities we saw, which later were examined/analyzed using the reading conceptions proposed by the psycholinguistics scholars (Smith, 1989, 1999) and the Aesthetics of Reception scholars (Jauss, 2002). In this way, we hopefully wish to contribute to the many studies on reading and, in particular, to move forward with these new educational possibilities that are, today, presented by the civil society which is searching for alternative solutions to a problem that has been worrying educators for decades in Brazil. Our main hypothesis would be that public schools could benefit themselves and improve the level of literacy of their students, as well as expand the number of proficient readers / competent, if they could establish a partnership with institutions of civil society / NGOs who already have a consistent project. Thus, by means of an exchange of ideas and experiences, the non-governmental educational institutions could contribute to the development of the quality of our public school, without, however, replace it in any way, leaving what is the governmet responsibility for the government itself.

Ambientes altamente dinâmicos, complexos e que envolvam conhecimento, alta tecnologia, e recursos diversos, estimulam acordos de parcerias, que passam a ser um meio de transferência de conhecimento e tecnologia, de acesso a ativos complementares e de busca da inovação. Neste trabalho, coloca-se a questão de como os acordos de parcerias e sua gestão, mais especificamente, os acordos das Parcerias de Desenvolvimento Produtivo (PDPs), podem melhorar o desempenho das atividades de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação (PD e I) na área de fármacos e medicamentos. A relevância da pesquisa está em realizar um estudo qualitativo que contribua com estudos teóricos, quantitativos e qualitativos anteriores sobre alianças no setor farmacêutico, mas buscando ampliar esse entendimento para as PDPs, que são estratégicas para o Complexo Econômico Industrial da Saúde (CEIS) e para o atendimento das demandas da sociedade, no que se refere à produção de medicamentos para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Para estudar esta questão, optou-se por mapear as PDPs, no setor de biotecnologia, por ser este setor altamente complexo e dependente de conhecimento multidisciplinar, caracterizando-se pela distribuição dos conhecimentos e recursos necessários entre os agentes, e que precisa estabelecer parcerias para acessar esses recursos e buscar capacidades complementares. Destaca-se também o fato de o governo brasileiro ter escolhido o setor de biotecnologia como um dos eixos centrais de sua política industrial, por meio de diversos programas de incentivo. Para a realização do estudo, utilizou-se a metodologia de estudos de casos múltiplos. Foram selecionadas PDPs de duas organizações de grande porte e entrevistados diretores e gerentes (níveis hierárquicos 2 e 3). Concluiu-se com esse estudo que há uma relação positiva entre os acordos de parceria e o bom desempenho nas atividades PD e I das organizações envolvidas, desde que haja uma boa capacidade de gestão dos acordos por parte dos parceiros, e ainda, que a boa capacidade de gestão desses acordos aumenta a credibilidade dessas organizações, colocando-as numa posição competitiva no mercado nacional. Adicionalmente, foi possível identificar que o bom desempenho das PDPs tende a garantir a produção de medicamentos no Brasil, atendendo as demandas da sociedade e contribuindo para desenvolvimento do CEIS. Nesse trabalho, também se confirmou evidências de estudos anteriores que demonstraram a importância da relação de confiança entre os parceiros para o bom desempenho das PDPs / Highly dynamic, complex and involving high-tech environments, with knowledge and resources distributed among different agents resources, stimulate partnership agreements, which become a mean of transferring knowledge and technology, and access to complementary assets and achieve innovation. In this work, the question is how the partnership agreements and their management, more specifically, the agreements of the Productive Development Partnerships (PDPs), can improve the performance of Research, Development and Innovation (RD&I) activities in the area of drugs and medicines. The relevance of the research is to conduct a qualitative study in order to contribute to previous theoretical, quantitative and qualitative studies about alliances in the pharmaceutical sector, and also to expand this understanding for PDPs, which are strategic to the Economic Industrial Complex of Health (CEIS) in Brazil, as they stimulate the domestic production of medicines to meet the Unified System of Health (SUS) demands. In order to study this issue, we choose to map the PDPs in the pharmaceutical biotechnology sector, as this is a highly complex and multidisciplinary knowledge sector, characterized by the distribution of knowledge and resources among the agents that needs to establish partnerships to access these resources and seek complementary capabilities. It is also worth to note the fact that the Brazilian government has chosen the biotechnology sector as one of the central axes of its industrial policy through various incentive programs. For this study we choose the methodology of multiple case studies. PDPs were selected from two large organizations. Directors and managers were interviewed (hierarchical levels 2 and 3). It was concluded that there is a positive relationship between the partnership agreements and the good performance in the RD&I activities of the organizations involved in this study, since there is a good management capacity of the agreements by the partners. It was also concluded that good management capacity of these agreements increases the credibility of these organizations, putting them in a competitive position in the national market. Additionally, it was possible to identify that the good performance of the PDPs tends to guarantee the production of medicines in the national market, meeting the demands of the SUS and contributing to the development of the CEIS. In this study, it was also possible to confirm the evidences from previous studies that demonstrated the importance of the trust relationship between the partners for the good performance of partnerships

Glasgow fut une ville pionnière en Grande-Bretagne dans la mise en place au début des années quatre-vingt d’une politique de régénération urbaine, sociale et économique basée sur les arts et la culture, exemplifiant le tournant vers une gestion entrepreneuriale de la ville. Les arts et la culture sont ainsi devenus le levier principal de sa reconversion déterminée vers une économie de services et de tou-risme. Ce travail de recherche se propose de démontrer que cette politique, qui s’installe de manière irréversible pendant la période de gouvernement conservateur de M. Thatcher, a non seulement engen-dré des transformations économiques et physiques de grande ampleur mais qu’elle a également très clairement œuvré dans le sens d’une transformation tout aussi radicale de l’identité de la ville. Il apparaît que c’est un processus voulu par les élites travaillistes de la ville et revendiqué, assumé, organisé de fa-çon consciente et méthodique qui puise ses fondements idéologiques dans une vision néolibérale du développement économique et du rôle de la culture. Nous tentons également de démontrer que, en dépit de la mise en place de partenariats public-privés sous la forme de sociétés locales de développe-ment, ce processus n’a guère réussi à inverser une dynamique de relégation en périphérie des popula-tions les plus défavorisées déjà fortement ancrée depuis les décennies précédentes. Enfin, nous mon-trons que ce processus de régénération urbaine a provoqué diverses formes d’opposition et de résis-tance qui renvoient indiscutablement au passé de luttes industrielles et de politique radicale de la ville, éléments majeurs de son identité. / Glasgow was one of the first cities in Great-Britain to place the arts and culture at the heart of its economic and social urban regeneration policy in order to move from an industrial economy to a service and tourism-led economy and to recreate a positive image that would lure investment and people. This research aims at demonstrating that this process of economic, social and urban regeneration, which took momentum during Margaret Thatcher’s term as British Prime Minister between 1979 and 1990, led not only to large-scale economic and physical changes but also to a radical change of the city’s identity. It appears that this policy of urban regeneration was willingly and consciously implemented by the local Labour administration in a very systematic and assertive way and that it can clearly be associated to a deeply-rooted process of neo-liberalisation of the city space. We also try to demonstrate that, although public-private partnerships were set up in the peripheral neighbourhoods to implement programmes of urban regeneration including physical, social and economic dimensions, very little has eventually been achieved regarding the high level of deprivation in some of the peripheral estates. We finally show that this process of urban regeneration induced different forms of resistance and opposition whose patterns undoubtedly refer to the strong legacy of industrial dispute and radical politics which are key components of the city’s identity.

A inovação é um dos fenômenos mais importantes na economia e nos negócios nos tempos atuais, e, neste contexto, as instituições de pesquisa são cada vez mais vistas como veículos para a transferência de tecnologia e um canal por meio do qual a troca de conhecimento se torna mais eficaz. No Brasil, um grande marco rumo à inovação foi a publicação da lei de inovação em 2004. No âmbito do Estado de São Paulo, a publicação de lei semelhante aconteceu em 2008. Dentre os benefícios trazidos com essas leis, está a criação dos Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica - NIT. Apesar do interesse crescente no estudo a respeito dos NIT, há poucos estudos que discutem a estrutura desses NIT, e, ainda, no Brasil, não há estudo sobre estruturação e gestão de NIT na administração direta. Assim, este trabalho, através de uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se o estudo de casos múltiplos, discute a estruturação dos NIT na administração direta do estado de São Paulo, de modo que esses NIT possam impactar positivamente nos resultados de inovação do Estado de São Paulo. No que se refere à estrutura dos NIT: compartilhamento, por meio de um escritório central e unidades; estrutura híbrida, ou semicentralizada; utilização das fundações de apoio existentes para fazer a gestão dos recursos financeiros e das atividades dos NIT. As áreas identificadas como prioritárias para os NIT são: propriedade intelectual, transferência de tecnologia ou parceria, e assessoria jurídica. Outros pontos que a autora recomenda que devem ser melhorados para refletir positivamente nos resultados de inovação do Estado de São Paulo são: existência, no âmbito do Estado de São Paulo, de uma Política de Inovação; as Instituições Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo devem fazer o planejamento estratégico da sua instituição, de modo a orientar as pesquisas que serão realizadas na ICTESP; definição dos objetivos a serem alcançados com a pesquisa, e implantação de um modelo estratégico para gerenciamento da Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento; a atuação do NIT precisa estar alinhada com esse planejamento estratégico da ICTESP; alinhamento e engajamento das instâncias jurídicas; é desejável que o Estado promova a aproximação dos institutos públicos com a iniciativa privada; e existência de linhas de fomento para inovação. / Innovation is one of the most important phenomena in economics and business today. In this context research institutions are increasingly seen as a vehicle for technology transfer and a channel through which knowledge exchange becomes more effective. In Brazil, a major milestone towards innovation was the publication of the innovation law, in 2004. At the State of Sao Paulo, a similar law was published in 2008. One important benefit brought by these laws is the creation of the Technology Transfer Offices - TTO. Despite the increasing interest in the study about TTO, there is a gap in study about its structure. Moreover, there is no study in Brazil about the implementation and management of TTO in public research institutions. So, this paper, through a qualitative study with multiple cases discuss about structuring TTO in public research institutions in order to these TTO positively impact the innovation results of the State of São Paulo. Regarding the structure of the TTO: sharing the office, through a central office and units; hybrid or semi-centralized structure; using existing research support foundations to manage financial resources and the TTO activities. The main areas identified for the TTO are: intellectual property, technology transfer or partnership, and legal advice. Other recommendations of the author to booster the innovations results of the State of São Paulo are: existence of an Innovation Policy to the State of São Paulo; the scientific institutions must do the strategic planning of their institutions in order to guide the researches that will be conducted at the institution; definition of the objectives to be achieved with the research, and implementation of a strategic management for Research and Development activities; the TTO activities must be aligned with the strategic planning of the research institution; alignment and engagement of legal bodies; it is desirable that the State promote the approximation of public research institutes with private enterprises; and is essential the existence of funding for innovation projects.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:33:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao SOLANGE ANTONIA FERREIRA.pdf: 1162504 bytes, checksum: 88ddac2c0cbf8df197fad00c904cf907 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-22 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This dissertation aims to describe and analyze legal devices and evaluations regarding a Project developed in partnership between a public school from São Paulo and national and international organisms, between 1998 and 2002, as well as their implications in relation to the social function of the contemporary school, according to the meaning attributed to the autonomy concept (institutional and individual concept) declared in speeches disseminated by the specialists, in the diffusion of political agendas. The research is orientated by the hypothesis that the partnerships from public-private nature, assembling a considerable technical-financial and pedagogic apparatus of assistance for proposed projects, seem to bring structural contributions (objective and subjective contributions) so that school and individuals would adapt to the current social structure, through a granted autonomy , endangering the social function of the public teaching institutions towards the formation of the critical and autonomous thought. Therefore, they contradict what is declared in the speeches that justify them. The documental analysis and its confrontation with the data from semi-structured interviews (with two representatives of the evaluated Project) were accomplished in 2005, having as a theoretical basis studies from the Critical Theory of the Society thinkers, especially Adorno (1955, 1972 and 1995), Horkheimer & Adorno (1973 and 1985) and Marcuse (1982), essentially for their contribution for the discussion regarding the ideology of the technological rationality and the education, as well as from authors as Popkewitz (1997), bringing the concept of rhetoric of participation ; Arantes (2000), with the concept of semantic lapse and Rosenfield (2004) and her concept of granted autonomy. Confronting the accomplished evaluations by the different partners, we observed as a result an ambiguous ideological speech on the autonomy, as in the school administration, as in the individual s formation, composed by an apparent consensus, through which terms and practices generated in the social movements tend to receive new meanings by the technicians of national and international agencies in an homogeneous way, in the search of being changed in public politics. / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo descrever e analisar dispositivos legais e avaliações referentes a um Projeto desenvolvido em parceria entre uma escola pública paulista e organismos nacionais/e internacionais, entre 1998 e 2002, bem como suas implicações em relação à função social da escola contemporânea, segundo o sentido atribuído ao conceito de autonomia (institucional e individual) declarado em discursos disseminados pelos especialistas, na difusão de agendas políticas. Norteia a pesquisa a hipótese de que tais parcerias de natureza público-privadas, montando um considerável aparato de assistência técnico-financeira e pedagógica em torno de projetos propostos, parecem trazer contribuições (objetivas e subjetivas) para que escola e indivíduos se adaptem à estrutura social vigente, por meio de uma autonomia outorgada , comprometendo a função social das instituições públicas de ensino em direção à formação do pensamento crítico e autônomo. Assim, contradizem o que é declarado nos discursos que as justificam. A análise documental e seu cotejamento com os dados advindos de entrevistas semi-estruturadas (com dois representantes do Projeto avaliado) foram realizados no ano de 2005, tendo por base teórica estudos de pensadores da Teoria Crítica da Sociedade, em especial, Adorno (1955, 1972 e 1995), Horkheimer & Adorno (1973 e 1985) e Marcuse (1982), sobretudo pelas contribuições para a discussão referente à ideologia da racionalidade tecnológica e da educação. Contribuições de Popkewitz (1997), trazendo o conceito de retórica da participação ; Arantes (2000), com o conceito de deslize semântico e Rosenfield (2004), com o conceito de autonomia outorgada , também foram fundamentais. Confrontando as avaliações realizadas pelos diferentes parceiros, observou-se como resultado, um discurso ideológico ambíguo sobre a autonomia, tanto na gestão escolar, quanto na formação do indivíduo, composto por um aparente consenso, por meio do qual termos e práticas gerados nos movimentos sociais tendem a ser ressignificados pelos técnicos de agências nacionais e internacionais de forma homogeneizante, na busca de serem transformados em políticas públicas.