The diploma thesis is dedicated to suicide crisis intervention. The aim of this study was to determine what happens in crisis intervention with a suicide and what are the experiences of intervents that are members of the Czech national emergency system. The theoretical part is divided into three parts. The first chapter describes a crisis and a crisis help, including the psychological first aid and the crisis intervention. The second chapter describes suicidality in a wider context and chosen theories and suicidal risks are introduced. In the third part, possibilities of a suicide crisis intervention providing and recommended methods are discused. The empirical part is based on qualitative methodology. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 12 respondents, members of the national emergency system, investigating their experiences in the filed suicide crisis intervention. The interviews were analyzed by IPA methodology. The results are properly described and afterwards discussed with the available literature. In the conclusion, further research of suicide crisis intervention is recommended. Key-words: suicide, crisis intervention, crisis situation, psychological help, emergency system

Dieser vor Jahrzehnten in der ehemaligen DDR oft und gern und mit lang gezogenem „U“ im letzten Wort zitierte und leicht abgewandelte Zitat eines Verses von Conrad Ferdinand Meyer beschreibt die Situation der Autoren, Kulturpolitiker, Funktionäre, Rundfunkredakteure, Verlagsmitarbeiter usw. sehr genau. Inmitten ständig sich verändernder Vorgaben, Richtlinien, Anweisungen, Entwicklungskonzepte und ‚Rahmenbedingungen‘ mussten sie alle im großen Unsinn versuchen, etwas Sinnvolles und künstlerisch möglichst Wertvolles zu artikulieren, zu veröffentlichen und dem Publikum zur Kenntnis zu geben und das immer unter dem Hanns Eisler’schen Diktum: „Ändere die Welt, sie braucht es.“ Neue Musik in der DDR war immer politisch, sie war immer mehr oder weniger direkt gegen den Staat und seine Engstirnigkeit gerichtet, ebenso wie sie immer auf „Welt“, also auf Überwindung der Systemgrenzen gerichtet war und das war politisch, aber auch reisetechnisch gemeint. Der oben zitierte Spruch deutet die Zwänge an, in denen alle Künstler fortlaufend standen. Denn jeder Künstler war aus Sicht von Partei und Regierung wichtig genug, um die Massen oder wenigstens Teile davon für die ‚beste Sache der Welt‘ zu begeistern und mit künstlerischen Mitteln zu beeinflussen. Gleichzeitig aber gegen ganz konkrete Repressionen, Schikanen und Bevormundungen sich fortlaufend ganz individuell wehren zu müssen, war das Alltagsgeschäft aller, die an der ‚Kulturfront‘ tätig waren. Dabei gab es geschickte und ungeschickte Kollegen, mutige und weniger mutige, Helden, Heroen, Schlaumeier, Trickser und Dünnbrettbohrer wie überall in der Welt, wo Menschen zusammentreffen und zusammen arbeiten. Der Spruch, der seinen Widerspruch schon in sich trug, verwies mit List auf die zahlreichen Irrwege und Pannen, die die mühsame, und eben nicht widerspruchslose Entwicklung des kleinen Landes fortwährend begleiteten und seitens der Funktionäre als historisch bedingte ‚Widersprüche innerhalb der Entwicklung‘ abgetan bzw. heruntergespielt wurden. Die vier Generationen von Komponisten, die die Entwicklung der Neuen Musik in der DDR prägten, hatten verschiedene Ausgangsvoraussetzungen, sie hatten unterschiedliche Vorstellungen über die Zukunft des Landes und über ihre eigene Zukunft gehabt, sie haben vollkommen verschiedene Strategien entwickelt, um sich bemerkbar zu machen, und sie hatten verschiedene soziale Umfelder, in denen sie leben und arbeiten mussten.

Vårdsituationen i Sverige präglas av personalbrist, långa arbetsdagar och stress. Under dessa arbetsförhållanden uppstår det situationer som kan upplevas hjälplösa av vårdpersonal. Vårdpersonals tilltro till att hantera dessa situationer påverkas. Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur vårdpersonalen upplevde hjälplösa situationer, samt hur de upplevde sin tilltro till sin förmåga till att lösa eller hantera olika situationer på arbetet. Åtta personer som arbetade inom vården intervjuades. Resultat av en tematisk innehållsanalys visade att vårdpersonalen upplevde sin self-efficacy relativt god i hjälplösa situationer. Detta berodde på att vårdpersonalen gav stöd till varandra i dessa situationer. Erfarenhet och kunskap var faktorer som stärkte vårdpersonalens self-efficacy i hjälplösa situationer. Däremot så upplevde deltagarna att tilltron till att påverka beslut var bristande, då kommunikationen mellan undersköterskor och personal med högre status var bristfällig. Studien gav beskrivningar kring vårdpersonalens uppfattningar och förutsättningar i hjälplösa situationer. Vårdpersonalens beskrivningar kan bidra till en ökad kunskap om hur vårdpersonalen upplevde sin self-efficacy i hjälplösa situationer.

Within the current epoch, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is challenged more than ever. The axiomatic values established in the post-Cold War era from the Western Liberal block are faced once again with antithetic narratives, reflecting strong elements of authoritarianism and dogmatic positions. This time however, the threat is coming from within. Turkey's stance after the 2016 military coup is steadily developing a rift not only with the European Union, but NATO as well.

To incorporate new technical advances into military domain and make those processes more efficient in accuracy, time and cost, a new concept of Network Centric Warfare has been introduced in the US military forces. In Sweden a similar concept has been studied under the name Network Based Defence (NBD). Here we present one of the methodologies, called tactical plan recognition that is aimed to support NBD in future. Advances in sensor technology and modelling produce large sets of data for decision makers. To achieve decision superiority, decision makers have to act agile with proper, adequate and relevant information (data aggregates) available. Information fusion is a process aimed to support decision makers’ situation awareness. This involves a process of combining data and information from disparate sources with prior information or knowledge to obtain an improved state estimate about an agent or phenomena. Plan recognition is the term given to the process of inferring an agent’s intentions from a set of actions and is intended to support decision making. The aim of this work has been to introduce a methodology where prior (empirical) knowledge (e.g. behaviour, environment and organization) is represented and combined with sensor data to recognize plans/behaviours of an agent or group of agents. We call this methodology multi-agent plan recognition. It includes knowledge representation as well as imprecise and statistical inference issues. Successful plan recognition in large scale systems is heavily dependent on the data that is supplied. Therefore we introduce a bridge between the plan recognition and sensor management where results of our plan recognition are reused to the control of, give focus of attention to, the sensors that are supposed to acquire most important/relevant information. Here we combine different theoretical methods (Bayesian Networks, Unified Modeling Language and Plan Recognition) and apply them for tactical military situations for ground forces. The results achieved from several proof-ofconcept models show that it is possible to model and recognize behaviour of tank units. / QC 20101222

I samhället finns olika instanser som ska bistå individer med hjälp och stöd när behov uppstår. Föräldrar är de som har det yttersta ansvaret för att stötta och hjälpa sina barn, men personer som har en neuropsykologisk funktionsnedsättning (NPF) är ofta i större behov av stöd och hjälp i sin vardag. För personer som inte följer normen finns en risk att en känsla av stigmatisering uppstår Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur föräldrar till barn med NPF framställer sitt föräldraskap, stöd från samhällets instanser och stigmatisering, utifrån inlägg skrivna på Instagram och bloggar.  Frågeställningarna som använts för att svara mot syftet är: Hur framställer föräldrar till barn med NPF sina upplevelser av föräldrarollen?·       Hur beskriver föräldrarna samhällets stöd från skola, sjukvård, Försäkringskassan och socialtjänsten? Om och eventuellt hur kan man förstå dessa familjers situation kopplat till utanförskap/stigmatisering?Detta är en kvalitativ studie som bygger på netnografi. Denna studie har utgått ifrån inlägg publicerade på Instagram av åtta olika föräldrar samt från tre olika bloggare. För att kunna analysera empirin har Goffmans teori om stigmatisering, Goffmans teori om självframställning och Giddens och Suttons stämpelteori använts, samt tidigare forskning om föräldrar till barn med NPF. Resultatet visar att föräldrarna använder plattformarna till att förmedla kunskap och ge andra förståelse kring hur det är att leva i en familj med NPF. Användarna beskriver mycket stress och oro kopplat till sitt föräldraskap. De olika instanserna de har kontakt med saknar ofta kunskap om NPF, vilket innebär att stöd kan utebli eller bli fel. En upplevelse föräldrarna beskriver är att det är lite som lottdragning om de får träffa en person med kunskap om NPF när de besöker de olika instanserna. Om personen har kunskap blir bemötandet bättre och föräldrarna upplever att de blir förstådda. Ingen förälder skriver att de öppet känner sig stigmatiserade, men de väljer ändå att ofta stanna hemma för att inte utsätta barnet för allt för många intryck. Stigmatiseringen kopplas mer mot deras barn som saknar vänner eller inte kan delta i idrotter. / In society there are different instances that are supposed to assist individuals with help and support when needs arise. Parents are the ones who have the ultimate responsibility for supporting and helping their children, but people with a neuropsychological disability are often in greater need of support and help in their everyday lives. When you do not follow the norm, there is a risk that a feeling of stigma arises. The purpose of this study was to investigate how parents of children with NPF portray their parenting, support from community instances and stigma, based on posts written on Instagram and blogs. The questions used to answer the purpose are: ·       How do parents of children with NPF present their experiences of the parent role? ·       How do parents describe society's support from schools, healthcare, the Social Insurance Agency and social services? ·       If and if necessary how can one understand the situation of these families linked to exclusion/ stigma? It is a qualitative study based on netnography, which is a new method based on the internet in its analysis. This study has been based on posts on Instagram by eight different parents as well as from three different bloggers. To analyze the empirical material, Goffman's theory of stigma has been used as well as previous research on parents of children with NPF. The results show that the parents use the platforms to convey knowledge and give others an understanding of what it is like to live in a family with NPF. Users describe a lot of stress and worry linked to their parenting. The various instances they have contact with often lack knowledge of NPF, which means that support may not be provided or wrong. One experience the parents describe is that it is a bit like drawing lots if they get to meet a person with knowledge of NPF when they visit the different instances. If the person has knowledge, the treatment becomes better and the parents feel that they are understood. No parent writes that they openly feel stigmatized, but they still choose to often stay at home so as not to expose the child to too many impressions. The stigma is linked more towards their children who lack friends or cannot participate in sports.

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Purpose/aim: This paper research to help SME travel agencies make ticket pricing strategy and choose the reasonable age group for publicity. Design/methodology/approach: This thesis will use SWOT to analyze the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat of Hainan’s SME travel agencies, and also the marketing theory and human resource management. Through discussion and research we will analyze the connection between the influencing factors for travel agencies. The data has been collected through questionnaires. The analysis includes a description of the samples and statistical tests in form of regressions. Findings: The analysis showed that there is a connection between the frequency of travel and the age of the travelers. There are also connections between the select ticket price and different cities. It is important for SME travel agencies make a ticket price strategy. Originality/value: According to this thesis, it is obvious that SME travel agencies have more problems with travelers and an unreasonable strategy in Hainan. Based on these findings we would argue that small and medium sized travel agencies should choose a group consisting of young and middle aged adults when they advertise, decide their ticket pricing strategy and when they develop new tourism products. This study has a value when it comes to analyzing the situation and develop suggestions for SME travel agencies in Hainan.

TITLE: Indicators of Captivation in Mathematics AUTHOR: Eliška Kmínková DEPARTMENT: Department of psychology, Faculty of Pedagogy, Charles University in Prague SUPERVISOR: Doc. PhDr. Isabella Pavelková CSc. ABSTRACT: The objective of the presented research is to map which various motivational factors play an important role in school task situation, more precisely during working on mathematics task. We focus especially on situational motivation but also on long-term motivational characteristics. We verify pupils' captivation through behavioral, cognitive and emotional indicators. We ascertain the impact of captivation on pupil's work on the task and subsequently pupil's achievement in the task. We theoretically analyze especially the following motivational variables: attitudes to school subject, motivation to learn, individual interest, situational interest, target orientation, achievement motivation, flow experience and self-efficacy. We verify the theoretic fundaments in an experiment that was realized in 2012 at various types of primary schools in mathematics. This study used a questionnaire survey approach, tasks done by children and interviews with mathematics teachers to collect data. For data analysis we used quantitative and qualitative approach. Results reveal captivation has not positive impact on...

Bakgrund: I akuta situationer sammanflätas olika professioners kunskaper för att möta den akut sjuka patienten. Att vara anestesisjuksköterska på en operationsavdelning kan innebära ett ansvar för en larmtelefon och ställer höga krav på anestesisjuksköterskans kompetens. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva anestesisjuksköterskors upplevelser av att ansvara för larmtelefonen samt medverka vid larmsituationer. Metod: En kvalitativ metod valdes och data samlades in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Åtta intervjuer hölls med anestesisjuksköterskor på ett medelstort sjukhus i västra Sverige. Datamaterialet analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i fyra teman: Att utmanas och utvecklas i sin profession, Ett strukturerat arbetssätt, Scenarioträning skapar trygghet och Vikten av kollegialt stöd. Dessa delades in i åtta subteman. Konklusion: Att ansvara förlarmtelefonen har visat sig vara utvecklande för anestesisjuksköterskan och följer Benners omvårdnadsteori. Ett strukturerat arbetssätt ökar förutsättningarna för ett bra patientomhändertagande och skapar trygghet för anestesisjuksköterskan i larmsituationen. Samarbetet främjas av god kommunikation och ett tydligt ledarskap. Att få stöttning av erfarna kollegor i larmsituationen är en trygghet som har stor betydelse när anestesisjuksköterskan är ny i yrkesrollen. Simuleringsträningar förbättrade kommunikationen i teamet. Även möjlighet till reflektion har en stor betydelse för anestesisjuksköterskan. / Background: In emergency situations, the knowledge of different professionals is united to meet the acutely ill patient. Being an nurse anaesthetist in an operating room may involve a responsibility for an emergency phone which demands high competence in the nurse anaesthetist. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe the nurse anaesthetist’s experiences of being responsible for the emergency phone and participate in alarm situations. Method: A qualitative method was selected and data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Eight interviews were conducted with nurses anaesthetist’s at a medium-sized hospital in western Sweden. The data material was analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Results:The analysis resulted in four themes: To be challenged and developed in their profession, A structured way of working, Scenario training generates safety and The importance of collegial support. These were divided into eight subthemes. Conclusion: To be responsible for the emergency phone has proven to be developing for the nurse anaesthetist and follows Benner's nursing theory. A structured way of working increases the conditions for good patient care and generates safety for the nurse anaesthetist in the alarm situation. The collaboration is promoted by good communication and distinct leadership. Getting support from experienced colleagues in the alarm situation felt as a safety and were significant for the anesthesia nurse who were new to the professional role. Simulation training improved the communication in the team, and the opportunity for reflection proved to be of great importance to the anesthesia nurse.