Esta Tese aborda a formação de professores de Educação Física com foco em uma experiência de Estágio Curricular Supervisionado desenvolvida em um modelo participativo que traz como questão central de pesquisa: Um processo participativo envolvendo a organização e o desenvolvimento do Estágio Curricular Supervisionado de futuros professores de Educação Física contribui para o desenvolvimento da autonomia e da consciência crítico-reflexiva dos estagiários? A partir do processo de reflexão sobre o papel da Educação Física na escola básica, a investigação pretendeu contribuir ao desenvolvimento da autonomia e espírito crítico dos estagiários em relação a seu compromisso social como professor e cidadão e à necessidade de reconhecer e respeitar as diferenças individuais e institucionais que constituem a realidade social e influenciam a ação docente. O referencial teórico discute na perspectiva das teorias críticas, as relações escola-sociedade, com ênfase no contexto brasileiro; a formação reflexiva de professores na educação superior a partir da articulação efetiva entre teoria e prática; tendências pedagógicas e situação atual da Educação Física escolar; a regulamentação que rege os Estágios Curriculares Supervisionados e seu espaço nos currículos de formação do professor. O caminho metodológico adotado no estudo apoiou-se nos pressupostos da pesquisa participante e da investigação-ação, uma vez que o estudo propôs o envolvimento efetivo dos participantes desde a configuração inicial do trabalho docente, envolvendo seu acompanhamento sistemático na perspectiva do processo ação-reflexão-ação. O estudo conclui que uma metodologia de cunho participativo é de difícil aplicação nos espaços institucionais devido às limitações temporais e materiais existentes, mas principalmente, em função da cultura pedagógica instalada na escola. Tais condições certamente tiveram influência no fato de não haverem sido verificadas alterações significativas em relação à prática cotidiana da Educação Física escolar, na escola que acolheu a proposta de investigação. Contudo, os dados coletados e analisados mostram que o caráter dialógico-reflexivo que marcou o estudo na vivência cotidiana no ambiente da escola, propiciou aos estagiários desenvolverem uma atitude crítica em relação à escola e ao ensino de Educação Física e a se sentirem mais autônomos no exercício de suas atividades como docentes. / This work is about Physical Education Teachers Formation centered in an experience of Supervised Curricular Training made through participative pattern which brings as main question to the research: Does a participative process involving the organization and development of Supervised Curricular Training from future physical education teachers contribute to the development autonomy and critical-reflexive conscience? From the process of reflection on Physical Education role in basic school, the investigation was thought to contribute for the development of autonomy and critical spirit of trainees in relation with his/her social compromise as teacher and citizen as well as the necessity to recognize and respect the individual and institutional differences which constitute the social reality and contribute to teacher’s action. The theoretical reference discusses on the perspective of critical theories, the school-society relations, emphasizing the Brazilian reality, the teachers’ reflexive formation from an effective articulation between theory and practice in graduated courses; its pedagogical tendencies and current situation of schooling Physical Education; and the rules that conduct Supervised Curricular Training and its place in the curriculum of teacher’s formation. The methodological way adopted to this study is based on the participative research and investigation-action because it was proposed the effective envelopment of participants since the initial teacher work configuration, involving its systematic attendance in the perspective of action-reflection-action process. The study concludes that the methodology based on participative way is difficult to use in institutional spaces because of temporal and material limitations existent, but principally, because of the pedagogical culture in schools. These conditions were influenced on the fact that it was not perceived significant alterations related to physical education everyday practice, in the school investigated. However, the collected and analyzed data show the dialogical-reflexive character propitiated to trainees develop their critical aptitude in relation with the school and to the Physical Education teaching as well as helped them to become more autonomous in their activities as teachers.

Partindo da emergência das políticas de educação para as crianças hospitalizadas no Brasil, esta Dissertação de Mestrado em Educação traz alguns recortes históricos que tentam dar conta da visibilidade desta infância hoje. Este escrito se trama nas minúcias dos discursos sobre a invenção da infância moderna, da escola e do hospital, e ainda do encontro dessas instituições, materializadas em uma modalidade de atendimento específica de poder sobre a vida: as Classes Hospitalares. Entende-se que esta modalidade faz parte de uma rede de estratégias de afirmação da vida das crianças no hospital. Faz-se uso do pensamento de Michel Foucault, sobre as relações de poder/saber/verdade, que se imbricam nas disciplinas sobre as crianças, como a pediatria e a puericultura, e que atravessam os discursos na/sobre a escola no hospital. Buscou-se, desta forma, analisar os enunciados de alguns textos oficiais brasileiros, como a Política Nacional de Educação Especial (1994), os Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente Hospitalizados (1995), e ainda o documento do Ministério da Educação, intitulado Classe hospitalar e atendimento pedagógico domiciliar: estratégias e orientações (2002). Estes documentos foram tencionados com alguns textos acadêmicos especializados, que tratam da captura e normalização, pela escolarização, destes seres que parecem estar duplamente fugidios: por serem crianças e, ainda, doentes. / Beginning from the emergence of education politics for hospitalized children in Brazil, this paper for Master Degree of Education brings some historical clippings, trying to handle the visibility of childhood today. This writing whether the plot details of the speeches on the invention of modern childhood from school or hospital, and in the meeting of these institutions, materialized in a modality of treatment, specific of on life power: the Hospital Classes. Such modality is realized as being part of a network of life assertion strategies by children in a hospital. Using the Michel Foucault's thought, on relations of power/knowledge/true that imbricates in disciplines about the children like pediatrics and childcare, and that crosses discourses in/about school in the hospital. So, this work aimed to analyze the statements from some official Brazilian documents, as the National Policy for Special Education (1994), the Declaration of Rights of the Hospitalized Children and Adolescents (1995), as well as the document by the Ministry of Education so called - Hospital class and home pedagogical care: strategies and guidance (2002). Such documents have been planned together with some specialized academic texts, which concerned with capture and normalization by schooling, these beings which appear to be doubly elusive: because children and patients are too.

abstract: This dissertation examines people's place experiences more fully than has been done by others in the field of education, and in doing so, it opens new ways of thinking about place in place-based education. Place-based education, in its effort to connect educational processes with the local places in which students and teachers carry out their daily lives, has become an increasingly popular reform movement that challenges assumptions about the purpose and meaning of education in a rapidly globalizing world. Though the scholarship on place-based education describes, justifies, and advocates for turning the educational focus toward local places, it does not necessarily bring forth an explicit understanding of how people experience place. Grounded in phenomenology, this qualitative study explores the place experiences of five individuals who were born and raised in the White Mountains of eastern Arizona. Experiential descriptions were gathered through three, in-depth, iterative interviews with each participant. Documents considered for this study included interview transcriptions as well as photographs, observations, and descriptions of places in the White Mountains that were deemed significant to the individuals. A phenomenological framework, specifically Edward Relph's explications of place and insideness and outsideness, structured the methodological processes, contextualized participant narratives, and facilitated and informed an understanding of participants' place experiences. Through the coding and analyzing of interviews for common themes and subthemes, as well as through the crafting of individual profiles, participant place experiences emerged as a dialectical relationship between insideness and outsideness and consisted of Part-of-Place (play-and-exploration, cultivation-of-place, stories-of-place, dangerous-endeavors, and care-of-place), Place-Sensations (remarkable-moments, sensory-triggers, and features-marked-in-time), and Ruptures-in-the-Place-World (pivotal-moments, barriers-borders-boundaries, drastic-changes, and injuries). While the research was exploratory and only investigated a limited number of place experiences, the findings, coupled with theoretical and conceptual understandings of place anchored in phenomenological perspectives, strengthen a discussion in place-based education of place, how place is experienced, and how these experiences matter in people's lives. Furthermore, the findings of this dissertation support a proposed pedagogical method that blends place-based education and culturally relevant practices into a place-responsive pedagogy. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2015

Submitted by Igor Matos (igoryure.rm@gmail.com) on 2017-01-18T15:07:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Augusta Eulalia Ferreira.pdf: 13637888 bytes, checksum: bc0efeb61d406c5af61acbd706a198e7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-01-19T13:08:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Augusta Eulalia Ferreira.pdf: 13637888 bytes, checksum: bc0efeb61d406c5af61acbd706a198e7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-19T13:08:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Augusta Eulalia Ferreira.pdf: 13637888 bytes, checksum: bc0efeb61d406c5af61acbd706a198e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-27 / CAPES / Este estudo resulta de uma pesquisa etnográfica realizada na comunidade Abolição, situada em território quilombola, pertencente ao Município de Santo António de Leverger - MT. Tem como objetivo descrever o sentido da Educação Escolar Quilombola como específica e diferenciada neste território e as relações estabelecidas entre os saberes locais e tradicionais desenvolvidas na Escola Estadual Maria de Arruda Muller, situada dentro desta comunidade. Para tal objetivo, discorro sobre o papel desta escola no fortalecimento e participação dos sujeitos nos processos políticos, na afirmação de uma identidade, de pertença ao território quilombola e nas lutas por direitos enquanto grupo social. Tomo como aporte central os conceitos de Geertz (2012) sobre Etnografia, cujas interpretações e análises serão a partir dos discursos apreendidos, das observações e entrevistas, expressos pelos gestores, professores, alunos e moradores da comunidade Abolição, num esforço de torná-los importantes elementos teóricos para os estudos em favor de uma educação para as Relações Etnicorraciais em território quilombola. Esta pesquisa revela parte do conflito que permeia a comunidade. Conflito este que se configura como importante fator para a compreensão da dinâmica de uma identidade em gestação vivenciada na Escola Maria de Arruda Muller. Os resultados obtidos revelam alguns entraves na efetivação a partir dos sujeitos na relação com a escola, o papel desta enquanto mediadora da formação ou fortalecimento da identidade quilombola e das relações etnicorraciais no seu sentido amplo. Estes entraves se vinculam diretamente a reprodução da educação colonialista e eurocêntrica que ainda hoje marca a educação escolar em geral e, também, esta escola quilombola. Esta reprodução se materializa nas limitações para a implantação de uma escola que, mesmo garantindo a estrutura física, não garante uma educação em sintonia com a história e territorialidade da comunidade. / This study is the result of an ethnographic research conducted at the Abolition community, located in a quilombola territory, in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Leverger, in the Mato Grosso state. It aims to describe the meaning of the Quilombola Schooling as specific and differentiated in this territory and the relationships established between the local and traditional knowledges developed in the State School Maria de Arruda Muller, located within this community. For this purpose, I analyze the role of this school in strengthening the social organization of the community, in the participation of the individuals in the political processes, in the affirmation of an identity and of the feeling of belonging to the quilombola territory and in the struggles for social rights as a group. The central contribution that I choose were the concepts of Geertz (2012) on Ethnography, whose interpretations and analyzes presented in this study are based on the speeches, observations and interviews expressed by managers, teachers, students and residents of the community Abolition. An effort was made to make them important theoretical elements for the studies in favor of an education for ethnic-raciais relations in the quilombola territory. This research reveals part of the conflict that permeates the community. This conflict constitutes an important factor for understanding the dynamics of an identity being gestated and experienced in the School Maria de Arruda Muller. The results reveal some obstacles in the actualization of the quilombola school education proposal. These obstacles are revealed from the relationship between the quilombolas with the school, of its role as a mediator of the formation or of the strengthening of quilombola identity and of the ethnic-raciais relations in the wide sense. These obstacles are directly linked to the reproduction of an colonialistic and eurocentric education that still nowadays marking the education, in general, and also this quilombola school. This reproduction is materialized in the limitations to implement a school which, even ensuring the physical structure, does not guarantee an education in line with the history and territoriality of the community.

Submitted by Igor Matos (igoryure.rm@gmail.com) on 2017-01-19T15:17:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_ Elenir Honório do Amaral.pdf: 2714418 bytes, checksum: e3163aab761f577a8426574a529f42c5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-01-19T15:19:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_ Elenir Honório do Amaral.pdf: 2714418 bytes, checksum: e3163aab761f577a8426574a529f42c5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-19T15:19:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_ Elenir Honório do Amaral.pdf: 2714418 bytes, checksum: e3163aab761f577a8426574a529f42c5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-06 / Esta pesquisa procura responder à questão: “que conhecimentos profissionais sobre o Sistema de Numeração Decimal são manifestados por professores do 2º e 3º anos do Ensino Fundamental e como desenvolvem práticas escolares relacionadas a este conteúdo numa escola da rede municipal de Cuiabá?”. Os referenciais que norteiam a investigação e análise dos dados se pautam na abordagem histórico-cultural. Para tratar acerca dos fundamentos da teoria histórico-cultural, recorremos aos estudos de Vygotsky (1988); Leontiev (1972); Rigon, Asbahr e Moretti (2010); Moura (2010) e outros, de Shulman (1986,1987); Mizukami (2004) e outros, sobre os conhecimentos profissionais; e, de Migueis e Azevedo (2007); Megid (2009); Nacarato et al. (2011) e outros, sobre as discussões da matemática nos anos iniciais. Sobre os aspectos históricos, teórico-metodológicos e das práticas escolares do Sistema de Numeração Decimal (SND), referendamo-nos em Ifrah (2005); Boyer (1974); Lerner e Sadovsky (1996); Lanner de Moura (2007) e outros. A pesquisa se configura numa abordagem qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso, referendada em Bogdan e Biklen (1994); Gonzáles Rey (2012); Stake (2010) e André (1995). Participaram da investigação duas professoras do 2º ano e uma do 3º ano do 1º ciclo do Ensino Fundamental. As fontes dos dados foram os questionários de caracterização, observações com registro em diário de campo, entrevistas e documentos escolares. Os dados apontam, de modo geral, experiências escolares pouco relevantes no sentido do acesso e da apropriação dos conhecimentos matemáticos e um processo de formação profissional, inicial e continuada, insuficientes. A ausência de uma proposta consolidada de trabalho pedagógico coletivo e de formação contínua na escola em que atuam, reflete na prática pedagógica e compromete a possibilidade de as professoras participantes da pesquisa ampliarem seus conhecimentos profissionais e de promoverem mudanças qualitativas no processo de ensino e aprendizagem do SND. Os dados indicam que apesar do trabalho pedagógico das professoras se diferenciar em alguns momentos, suas práticas se aproximam ao ensinar o SND sem considerar a sua gênese e historicidade e ao proporem exercícios que não promovem reflexões sobre suas regras e propriedades. Constatamos que as professoras apresentam fragilidades nos conhecimentos específico, pedagógico e curricular relacionados ao SND, principalmente quanto à compreensão da base dez e do valor posicional dos algarismos e conhecimento das propostas de abordagens do SND, presente nos referenciais curriculares oficiais, os quais repercutem na maneira como desenvolvem o ensino deste conteúdo. A análise dos dados também nos leva a conceber que o ensino do SND deva considerar a historicidade da criação deste conceito a partir de situações problemas que possibilitem aos professores e alunos vivenciá-lo como protagonistas. Para isto, o professor precisa ter condições objetivas de trabalho, estar inserido em um projeto coletivo de educação que possa oportunizar a socialização de ideias, práticas e novas aprendizagens. Além disso, é fundamental repensar a formação inicial e continuada de professores que ensinam matemática nos anos iniciais / This research aims to answer the question: “which are the professional knowledge about the Decimal Numeration System are manifested by teachers of the 2nd and 3rd grades of Elementary School and how they develop school practices related to this content in a city school of Cuiabá?”. The references that guide the investigation and the data analysis regularize themselves in the historic-cultural approach. To treat the foundations of historiccultural theory, we resort to the studies of Vygotsky (1988); Leontiev (1972); Rigon, Asbahr & Moretti (2010); Moura (2010) and other, Shulman (1986, 1987); Mizukami (2004) and other, about the professional knowledges; and Migueis & Azevedo (2007); Megid (2009); Nacarato et al (2011) and other, about the discussions of the mathematics in the early years. And, the historical aspects, theoretical-methodological and the school practices of SND we refer to Ifrah (2005); Boyer (1974); Lerner & Sadovsky (1996); Lanner de Moura (2007) and other. The research sets itself in a qualitative approach of case study, referred in Bogdan & Biklen (1994); Gonzáles Rey (2012); Stake (2010); André (1995) and other. Two teachers of the 2nd year and one of the 1st year of the Elementary School participated of the investigation. The sources of data are: characterization questionnaire, observation with record in a field diary, interviews and school documents. The data showed, in general, schooling experiences with little relevance in the access of construction/appropriation of mathematical knowledge and the process of professional formation, initial and continuing, as insufficient. That the absent of a proposal consolidated of collective pedagogical work and continuing formation in the school where they act, reflect in the actual practice and compromises the possibility of the teachers expanding their professional knowledge and promoting qualitative alterations in the process of teaching and learning of SND. We ascertain that, even though the pedagogical work of the teachers are different in some moments, their practices come close when teaching the SND without considering their genesis and history and the knowledge already elaborated by the students, they do not motivate the interaction between students and, also, the pedagogical mediation characterize itself by the collective orientation about the procedures to be adopted to the resolution of the proposed exercises. The teaching of SND is done, generally, through the emphasis of the names of the units of order, when the realization of numerical operations through conventional algorithms, without returning and promoting reflections with the students about the rules and properties of SND, underlying operations. We found that there are some blanks in the specific and curricular knowledge of the teachers, specially, about the comprehension of the base ten and positional value of algorithms and knowledge of the proposal approaches of SND presents in the official curricular references, which reverberates in how they develop the teaching of this content. The analysis of data also takes us to consider that the teaching of SND should consider the history and the creation of the concept from problem situations that allow to the teachers and students to live them as protagonists and not as mere transmitters and viewers. So the teacher needs to have objective work conditions and the initial and continuing formation need to be rethought

Constitué d'un ensemble d'épreuves de marches, de courses, de sauts et/ou de lancers, l'athlétisme vise la réalisation de performances maximales, mesurées selon une échelle de temps ou d'espace et s'exprimant dans un contexte compétitif réglementé. Que reste-t-il de toutes ces caractéristiques dès lors qu'elles passent au tamis de l'école ? En quoi et comment se transforment-elles sous l'effet des contraintes institutionnelles, pédagogiques et didactiques inhérentes à celle-ci ? Sur la base de ces questionnements, l'objectif de cette recherche s'inscrit dans la détermination des processus sous-jacents et des enjeux relatifs à l'implantation et à la diffusion de l'athlétisme dans l'école. Entre 1941 et 1967, les acteurs du monde scolaire, fédéral, politique et culturel s'accordent pour rendre l'activité conforme à l'orthodoxie scolaire. En ce sens, l'athlétisme de l'école n'est jamais qu'un support éducatif particulier, à la fois singulier et pluriel, révélant davantage la culture de l'institution à laquelle il appartient que celle du milieu associatif civil. Il sert un double projet : celui d'une enculturation sportive de la jeunesse et celui d'une mise en conformité du sport à l'école. Tandis que le premier répond à un modèle essentiellement compétitif et sélectif, revendiqué par les acteurs fédéraux, le second consolide la reconnaissance et l'intégration institutionnelle de l'éducation physique, chères aux enseignants. En conséquence, nous émettons l'hypothèse que c'est par l'intermédiaire d'un appui privilégié sur l'athlétisme que l'école du second degré prend les chemins du stade et tend à diffuser auprès des élèves, une image de la pratique sportive à la fois singulière et paradoxale, relevant de cinq grands enjeux : des enjeux idéologiques, institutionnels, disciplinaires, docimologiques et culturels. / Made up of a group of walking, running, jumping and/or throwing events, athletics aims for the production of measured and maximal performances according to a space or time scale which takes place in a competitive and controlled context. But what does remain of those characteristics when they encounter school ? In which and how do they change under the effect of institutional, educational and didactic pressures ? On the basis of those questionings, the point of this research is to establish the underlying process and the stakes related to the installation and the spread of athletics at school. Between 1941 and 1967 the operators of the school, federal, political and cultural world agree to make the activity comply with the educational orthodoxy. In this sense, athletics is nothing but a specific educational back-up and it reveals more the culture of the institution to which it belongs than the one of the civil associative environment. Athletics has got a double goal : first the youth's sports enculturation and second the conforming of sport at school. The first one answers a mainly competitive and selective example, claimed by the federal players whereas the second one secures the institutional acknowledgement and integration of the physical education that teachers are fond of. Consequently, we suggest that high school takes up sport through a privileged support based on athletics and strives for the spread of a different and paradoxical image of the sports practice, belonging to five important issues which are ideological, institutional, disciplinary, docimological and cultural.

The purpose of this paper is to examine home-schooling for religious reasons in Stockholm’s municipality. The study was conducted by interviewing actors in Educational board in Stockholm’s municipality and families leaving Stockholm for home-schooling due to religious reasons. By doing so, the paper aims to find how the members of Educational board and the families interpret the home-schooling law, their view on home-schooling for religious reasons and to examine how the answers relate to the theoretical state-religion perspectives. The main research questions investigated are: 1. How is the law of home-schooling interpreted by Education board in Stockholm’s municipality and how does this interpretation vary from that of families’ who home-school for religious reasons? 2. How do the members of Education board in Stockholm’s municipality and the families home-schooling for religious reasons view home-schooling for religious reasons? 2.1 What theoretical perspectives on state-religion relationship can be found in the answers of the two groups? The method used to answer these questions was a dimensional analysis model for empirical interview-data. The aim of the dimensional model was to present and analyse empirical data to answer the research questions. From the families’ answers, it was concluded that that there is a clear tendency in answers in all the following dimensions: law-interpretation, view on home-schooling, and perspectives on state-religion relations. The same tendency was found in the answers of the members from Educational board on the law and home-schooling meaning questions (research questions 1. and 2.), but not on state-religion relation question (research question 2.1).

Esta pesquisa busca contemplar um aspecto pouco explorado no campo educacional brasileiro ao abordar os sentidos, as repercussões e as marcas que experiências de consecutivas reprovações escolares no início da escolarização imprimem à trajetória escolar e à história de vida dos indivíduos. Para isso, partiu-se dos quatro estudos de caso apresentados por Maria Helena Souza Patto na obra A produção do fracasso escolar: histórias de submissão e rebeldia. Como se desdobraram as histórias escolares e de vida dessas pessoas? Como lidaram com a experiência de fracasso ao longo da escolarização? Que lugar a escola ocupou na vida dessas pessoas? Tendo essas questões como ponto de partida, a investigação envolveu pesquisa empírica e ampla revisão bibliográfica. Essa última contemplou análise do periódico Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos no período de 1991 a 2008 sobre o tema do fracasso escolar, além de outras obras de referência sobre o tema. O trabalho de campo foi realizado em um bairro na cidade de São Paulo constando de três etapas principais: 1) localização dos sujeitos; 2) realização de visitas domiciliares para realização de entrevistas (com e sem gravação) com roteiros semiestruturados e elaboração de registros ampliados sobre as visitas; 3) análise dos registros ampliados e das transcrições das entrevistas. Os procedimentos metodológicos exigiram o desenvolvimento de estratégias variadas para localização das quatro pessoas envolvidas, após mais de 25 anos do estudo inicial; desde contatos com antigos moradores, associações locais, diretoria de ensino e escola, até buscas em sítios na internet. As análises dos registros e das entrevistas tiveram como aporte teórico autores que trabalham com história oral e pesquisa (auto)biográfica e apontam para trajetórias escolares que tomaram direções bastante distintas. Percebemos que as vivências escolares não determinaram de modo linear os rumos da vida de nossos entrevistados. Suas trajetórias são frutos de uma complexa combinação que envolve relações e vivências com pessoas e instituições, inclusive escolares, que são interpretadas como (im)possibilidades de apoio ou incentivo. Situações por vezes imponderáveis, que resultam das relações com o mundo, com os outros e consigo mesmo. A vida é, portanto, perpassada por uma multiplicidade de pertencimentos e interferências; cada sujeito se constitui a partir dessa complexidade de relações com diversos grupos sociais e culturais. Desse modo, a escola mostrou-se, na visão dos próprios indivíduos, como uma das instituições que os compõem, dentre tantas outras. / This research looks into a little explored aspect of the Brazilian educational field by dealing with the meanings, the repercussions, and the marks that repeated experiences of school failure at the start of school life leave on the individual\'s school trajectory and life history. To such end, the work starts from the four case studies described by Maria Helena Souza Patto in her A produção do fracasso escolar: histórias de submissão e rebeldia [The production of school failure: histories of submission and rebellion]. How have these people\'s school, and life, histories unfolded? How have they dealt with the experience of school failure throughout their school lives? What place did the school occupy in their lives? Prompted by these questions, the investigation included an empirical study and a wide bibliographical survey. The latter part involved an analysis of the Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos [Brazilian Journal of Pedagogical Studies] in the 1991-2008 period on the theme of school failure, in addition to other reference works on this topic. The fieldwork was conducted in a borough of the City of São Paulo, and comprised three stages: 1) locating the subjects; 2) visiting their homes to conduct the interviews (with and without voice recording) based on semi-structured scripts, and preparation of extended records of the visits; 3) analysis of the extended records and of the transcriptions of the interviews. The methodological procedures required developing different strategies to locate the four individuals involved after more than 25 years of the initial investigation; from contacts with long-term residents of the area, local associations, and education directorship and schools, to searches in websites. Theory-wise the analyses of the records and interviews were based on authors that work with oral history and(auto)biographical research, and point to school trajectories that took quite distinct directions. It was possible to observe that the school experiences did not determine in a linear fashion the life paths of the interviewees. Their trajectories resulted from a complex combination involving relationships and experiences with people and institutions, including school-related ones, which are interpreted as (im)possibilities for support or incentive. Situations sometimes imponderable, that result from relations with the world, with other people and with themselves. Life is, therefore, filled by a multiplicity of instances of belonging and interferences, each subject constitutes him/herself from such complex of relationships with various social and cultural groups. In this way, the school turned out to be, in the individuals\' own view, one among the many institutions that concurred to build them.

Submitted by Daniele Amaral (daniee_ni@hotmail.com) on 2017-10-16T17:32:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissTRA.pdf: 2326990 bytes, checksum: 05f26ee07fb32de31ab126c5c41d92f0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (producaointelectual.bco@ufscar.br) on 2017-10-31T12:22:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissTRA.pdf: 2326990 bytes, checksum: 05f26ee07fb32de31ab126c5c41d92f0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (producaointelectual.bco@ufscar.br) on 2017-10-31T12:22:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissTRA.pdf: 2326990 bytes, checksum: 05f26ee07fb32de31ab126c5c41d92f0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-31T12:27:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissTRA.pdf: 2326990 bytes, checksum: 05f26ee07fb32de31ab126c5c41d92f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-28 / Não recebi financiamento / This work has the objective of analysing the relationship between the interest of participating in the entrance test, considering social, economic and racial aspects and the building of a life plan of teenagers from public and private schools of the state of São Paulo. In order to comprehend the relationship previously mentioned, we used the data for the answers of the socioeconomic survey of applicants for the 2012 exam in the state of São Paulo. The database containing the answers that refer to the interest in participating in the exam are made available by INEP and were processed using statistical software SPSS version 17. Altogether, seven questions were selected and grouped into three categories: (i) The ENEM as a possibility of self-knowledge; (ii) The ENEM as a possibility for social development; relationship with work and (iii) The Enem as a possibility to enter higher education. As a result of this study, it was possible to verify significant differences between the responses of students from social classes and racial profiles, showing that inequality in Brazil, especially racial inequality, is embodied in the interest of adolescents, thus becoming an institutionalized phenomenon. / Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a relação entre os interesses em participar do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio, considerando aspectos sociais, econômicos e raciais, e a construção do projeto de vida de adolescentes de escolas públicas e privadas do Estado de São Paulo. Para compreendermos tal relação, utilizamos o banco de dados referentes as respostas do questionário socioeconômico dos inscritos no exame no ano de 2012 no Estado de São Paulo. O banco de dados contendo as respostas referente aos interesses em participar do exame é disponibilizada pelo INEP e foi processado com o auxílio do software estatístico SPSS versão 17. Ao todo foram escolhidas sete questões e agrupadas em três categorias: (i) O ENEM como possibilidade de autoconhecimento; (ii) O ENEM como possibilidade de desenvolvimento social: relação com o trabalho e (iii) O ENEM como possibilidade de ingresso no Ensino Superior. Como resultado deste estudo, foi possível verificar diferenças significativas entre as respostas de estudantes de classes sociais e perfis raciais distintos, demonstrando assim que a desigualdade no Brasil, sobre tudo a racial está personificada nos interesses dos adolescentes, tornando-se assim fenômeno institucionalizado.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The antisocial behavior can be considered as an action pattern whose goal is to obtain quickly reward, keep distant or annul the demands of the social environments in which the person is placed.However, when this kind of behavior enhances, stabilizes and becomes frequent they can be classified as ( Conduct Disorder, Challenger-Oppositional Disorder and Antisocial Personality Disorder) present in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-V. The antisocial behavior can be categorized as: persistent (when started in childhood and tend to pursue in adulthood) and transitional (when they are restrited to a stage, in general, adolescence). The behavior that come comes up in adolescence is tend, often, to disappear when maturity comes. Only a little part of teenagers continue having this kind of behavior in adulthood. This dissertation is divided in two studies. The first study was a literature sistemic review, beginning from the purposed model of Moffitt (1993), searching to offer a current overview of the studies that investigates the associated antisocial behavior through the development. The results indicate that the difference between body growth and the psychological social maturity levels are aspects that can boost the occurrence of antisocial transitional behavior. On the other hand, the persistant antisocial behavior has its origin in childhood due to the multiple variations tha can contribute to the development of these bahaviors (family violence, school problems, neurological, etc). This tipology use can help and improve the success of preventive actions and therapeutical interventions recommended to people who have these behaviors. The second study searches to compare and analize the relation between the historic of repetition and expulsion in schools and the future projects stablishment in two groups of adolescents one composed by 73 students from public schools and another by 73 adolescents who enforce correctional measures. The data collection was carried through the Juventude Brasileira questionnaire. It was noticed that the adolescents who enforce correctional measures present low schooling, they have historic of repetition and expulsion at school when compared to a school group. The adolescents who are involved in the education rarely include activities related to study and plans for the future. The historic of recurring school problems can be served as a tool to help the identification of possible people with antisocial behavior. Therefore, for the people who have these characteristics, it should be created intervention ways (psychotherapy) focused specifically in the school integration, in order to avoid these antisocial behaviors to become persistent. / O comportamento antissocial pode ser caracterizado como um padrão de ações cuja finalidade é a obtenção de recompensas imediatas, afastar ou anular as exigências do meio social em que o indivíduo está inserido. No entanto, quando esses comportamentos se intensificam, estabilizam e se tornam frequentes podem ser classificados como transtornos (Transtorno de Conduta, Transtorno Desafiador-Opositivo e Transtorno da Personalidade Antissocial) presentes no Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais DSM-V. Os comportamentos antissociais podem ser categorizados como: persistentes (quando iniciam na infância e tendem a prosseguir até a fase adulta) e transitórios (quando se encontram restritos a uma fase do desenvolvimento, em geral, adolescência). Os comportamentos que surgem na adolescência são propensos, muitas vezes, a desaparecer com a maturidade do indivíduo. Apenas uma pequena parcela de adolescentes permanece com comportamentos antissociais na vida adulta. Essa dissertação está dividida em dois estudos. O primeiro estudo realizou uma revisão sistemática de literatura, a partir do modelo proposto por Moffitt (1993), buscando oferecer um panorama atual dos estudos que investigam os correlatos do comportamento antissocial ao longo do desenvolvimento. Os resultados indicam que a disparidade entre o crescimento corporal e os níveis de maturidade psicológica e social são aspectos que podem impulsionar o surgimento de comportamentos antissociais transitórios. Já os comportamentos antissociais persistentes têm sua origem na infância devido a múltiplas variáveis que podem contribuir para a produção desses comportamentos (violência familiar, problemas escolares, neurológicos, etc). O uso dessa tipologia pode auxiliar e melhorar as chances de sucesso nas ações preventivas e intervenções terapêuticas voltadas para indivíduos que apresentam esses comportamentos. O segundo estudo busca comparar dois grupos de adolescentes escolares e adolescentes em conflito com a lei quanto ao estabelecimento de projetos de futuro e à ocorrência de reprovação e expulsão escolar (um grupo é composto por 73 estudantes de escolas públicas e outro por 73 adolescentes que cumprem medida socioeducativa). A coleta de dados foi realizada através do questionário Juventude Brasileira. Verificou-se que os adolescentes que cumprem medidas socioeducativa apresentam baixa escolaridade, possuem histórico de repetência e expulsão escolar quando comparados com o grupo da escola. Os adolescentes que estão envolvidos com a socioeducação raramente incluem atividades relacionadas ao estudo em seus planos para o futuro. O histórico de recorrentes problemas escolares pode servir como uma ferramenta que auxilia na identificação dos possíveis indivíduos com comportamentos antissociais. Portanto, para esses indivíduos com essas características, deveriam ser criadas formas de intervenções (psicoterapias) focadas especificamente na integração com a escola, a fim de evitar que esses comportamentos antissociais se tornem persistentes.