The study discloses unaccompanied children´s socialization in their new society. The purpose of the study is to investigate how unaccompanied children's schooling is an important factor in their socialization and skills development in their new society. For example, we have chosen to illustrate how their school works and if and whether the teachers receive the support they need in order to help children develop their skills so they can find their way in society. The research is based on three different methods. The first method is based on literature research. The second one is a qualitative method and in doing so we have made use of a semi – structured method of interviewing. This method’s importance lies in how individuals perceive and interpret their social reality. The third method is participant observation, and it is a method that allows observing the interaction while it takes place, and gives us a good opportunity to analyze the role that context plays in people´s actions and attitudes, which results that you get a deeper understanding of the researched phenomenon. The study showed that unaccompanied children´s schooling and skills development are important factors of socialization in their new country. In some interview responses and the literature reviewed, revealed that teachers do not get adequate support from school authorities.

Uppsatsen syfte var att förstå hur fyra unga män formar sin identitet och sin livsstil genom sina användarprofiler och sitt beteende på Facebook. Arbetet beskriver även hur dessa personer anpassar sig efter andra användare och vilken funktion Facebook fyller i deras identitetsprocesser. Materialet består av fokusgruppsintervjuer, personliga intervjuer och uppföljningsenkäter. Den information som materialet genererade visade att de unga männen till stor grad anpassar sig efter omgivningen på Facebook. Facebook är en stor del av de studerade individernas vardag och är en bidragande faktor till deras självbild. Det finns ett behov att inte missa några händelser och därför är en aktiv användning viktig då männen annars upplever att de försämrar sina chanser att befästa sin identitet och livsstil på sidan. Undersökningen visar även att deltagarna framförallt anpassar sig efter potentiella partners.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka pedagogers förhållningssätt gentemot barn vid matsituationen i förskolan. Data insamlades genom videoobservationer vid matsituationer i förskolan och genom samtal med observerade pedagoger utifrån dessa videofilmer. Detta analyserades sedan utifrån viss tidigare forskning samt valda begrepp. I mitt resultat fann jag att pedagogerna gav barnen ett visst ansvar inom matsituationen, vad det gäller till exempel matintag och i vissa fall val av placering. Pedagogerna sågs dock många gånger uppmuntra, uppmana och påminna barnen att äta av maten samt hade rätt att förändra placeringar de inte fann lämpliga. Pedagogerna eftersträvade att barnen skulle ha ett gott uppförande och bordsskick under matsituationen. Samspel och samtal var vidare någonting som ansågs vara viktigt. Utifrån resultatet drogs slutsatsen att pedagogernas förhållningssätt under matsituationen ibland var fostrande genom förmedlingspedagogik och i andra fall en fostran som en ömsesidig process, då barnen dels sågs som human becomings och dels som human beings. Pedagogerna gav barnen möjlighet till viss delaktighet och inflytande men kunde samtidigt begränsa detta genom ramar för matsituationen för att uppnå ett önskat beteende hos barnen. Ramarna ämnade socialisera barnen och visade på pedagogens makt. Makten tog sig form genom både osynlig och synlig styrning såsom avledande frågor, tillrättavisningar och bestraffningar. Detta berodde ofta på att pedagogens barnperspektiv gick före barnens perspektiv. Andra gånger kom det sig av ett vuxenperspektiv som kunde ses bero på strukturella aspekter, som fostransuppdraget i förskolans läroplan och förskolverksamhetens rutiner och tidsramar, likväl som pedagogens egen barnsyn och syn på socialisation. Studien visade på en komplex bild av pedagogers förhållningssätt under matsituationen.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka lagermedarbetares upplevelser och behov av organisationskultur på en specifik arbetsplats. Syftet är även att undersöka chefernas syn på organisationskultur och hur organisationskulturen kan användas som ett verktyg för att främja motivation och trivsel bland de anställda. För att uppfylla detta syfte använder vi oss av följande frågeställningar: - Vilka organisationskulturella aspekter kan vi identifiera i företaget? - Hur påverkar dessa aspekter lagermedarbetarnas motivation och trivsel på arbetsplatsen? Vi använder en kvalitativ undersökningsmetod för insamling av empirisk data. Med hjälp av sociologiska och socialpsykologiska teorier besvarar vi frågeställningarna utifrån sju intervjuer med chefer och lagermedarbetare på ett centrallager i Mellansverige. Resultatet visar att ledningens arbete med de organisationskulturella aspekterna vi identifierat visar likheter med de teorier där organisationskulturen är en del av en ledningsstrategi. Dock upplevs inte dessa kulturella aspekter på samma sätt bland lagermedarbetarna, vilket leder till att motivationen och trivseln på arbetet påverkas negativt. Lagermedarbetarna motiveras av en god sammanhållning och god trivsel, vilket kan främjas genom skapandet av en kultur där ledarna värderar relationer och kommunikation mellan organisationens alla nivåer. / The purpose of this essay is to examine experiences and needs of organizational culture among warehouse employees at a specific workplace. The purpose is also to investigate the managers’ view of organizational culture and if organizational culture can be used as a tool to motivate and promote job satisfaction among warehouse employees. To fulfill this purpose we use the following questions: - Which aspects of organizational culture can we identify within the company? - How do these aspects affect the motivation and job satisfaction of warehouse employees at their workplace? We use a qualitative research method to collect empirical data. Using sociological and social psychology theories we answer the questions based on seven interviews with managers and warehouse employees at a warehouse in central Sweden. The results show that the management’s work with the identified aspects of organizational culture resembles the theories where the organizational culture is seen as a management strategy. However, these cultural aspects are not perceived in the same way by the warehouse employees. This, in turn, has a negative effect on motivation and job satisfaction. The employees are motivated by a strong unity among workers and job satisfaction, which can be promoted through the creation of a culture where leaders value the relationships and communication at all levels of the organization.

Title: The life is too soft to accord in to tariffs: an essay about youth and families with children who are recipients of economic support, their experience of their financial situation and the reception towards the social welfare. Author: Ana Becovic & Kerstin Olsson         Supervisor: Erik Wesser Institution: Humanvetenskapliga institutionen, Högskolan i Kalmar Type of Essay: Degree project, 15 ECTS                     Date: December 2008 The aim for our study has been to examine how youth and families who are recipients of economic support on long term basis experience their contact with social welfare. The starting point for the question at issue has been the client's experience of their financial situation the reception and expectations towards the social welfare. In our B-level study we carried out qualitative interviews with social welfare officers to find out how they applied the "child perspective" in granting financial support and to what extent they felt that they succeeded in meeting the need of the client. The conclusion was that there is still room for improvement in this field and particularly a wish to focus more on the child's situation and development. The officers told us that they tried to pay closer attention to the child's situation through asking about the children and by visiting the families at home. They expressed awareness of the importance to a child's well being the financial situation of their family. They also expressed the need for the child to be able to take part in leisure time activities and having an active social life. In this study our research method is based on qualitative interviews. Our questionnaires where handed out to social welfare officers and workers in an organization aiming their work at vulnerable youth.  The target group is the parents of younger/older children and young adults between 18 - 25 years. The result of our interviews has been analyzed in relation to earlier research and relevant theories. Final conclusion; the target group expresses a positive experience of their contact with social services. It became clear that the experience varied depending on which handling officer one met. An interesting point is how different the youngsters and their parents reason around needs and expectations.

Our main purpose in this study was to identify the gender representations in comics and how these are presented to their readers. We focused on how comics, with six to ten year old children as their implied readers, represent male and female roles for identification. We also aimed to investigate differences and similarities in comics addressing boys or girls as implied readers. The study was based on theories on gender, media and children in order to give some explanations to socialization and gendered identity processes in comics implied for young readers. We used qualitative methods, as discourse and semiotics, to analyze the chosen comics. According to these, in society media content also supports the male role as an unaware norm, and that media use during childhood have some effects on our identities as grown ups. The result of our study shows that comics present young readers with stereotypical gender roles of male and female identities in society. The stories main characters are generally represented by men, while women often play the supporting parts to these male leading characters.

The purpose of this essay is to investigate the subject field of male vegans and masculinities through empirical method interviews and narrative analysis. The starting-point for this essay is animal ethics, feminist ethic vegetarianism and theories that suggest that eating meat is one part of the social construction of masculinities. The problem formulation is such as follows: How do male vegans construct masculinity? In an attempt to answer such a question there are three problem formulations: What do male vegans think about the connection between manhood and eating meat? How do male vegans relate to the norms in society? What do male vegans think of stereotype conceptions about vegans? I will come to the conclusion that male vegans think that eating meat, as well as drinking beer, is one part of the social construction of masculinities. Male vegans are aware of norms in the surroundings and the strong attachment of meat normativity in the western culture. They are also conscious about the stereotype conceptions about vegans, which affect how they talk about and perform their own veganism.

What impact does the Swedish society have on the practice of Islam? That is the main topic of this thesis. As a result of migration, the distinction between a specific region and a culture or religion has been mixed. Islam is not just part of the Middle East but is more and more institutionalized in the Western, and the Swedish society. Sweden, which is one on the most secular countries in the world, has developed into a country where the view on religion have been privatized. Religion can be practiced, but not in public. This also has an impact on the individual’s practice of Islam. To grow up in a society where the Islam is dominated in the public space and migrating to a society where there is little public support for practicing your own religion does in many ways affect the expression of Islam. The thesis is based on interviews with ten individuals practicing Islam and living in Sweden,but who have been growing up in different societies. Through the interviews there has emerged a tendency that the visible/outer practice of Islam decreases and the non-visible/inner practice are becoming more apparent. In this thesis this is de-islamisation. For example, praying five times a day is an aspect of Islam that among some of the respondents is less focused on. There is not less of Islam, but the practice of Islam has changed in a way where most of the focus is on the non-visible part of Islam.

<p>Music has always been an important form of communication and it can be found in many different contexts including aesthetical, cultural and emotional forms. In the globalized society of today music can be distributed fast through radio, TV, CD: s and the Internet. For many people consumption of music is an important part of the daily life and it can contribute to shape an individual’s attitudes and personality.</p><p>The main purpose of this study is to find out whether there are any differences between men and women’s musical preferences. I will apply an explorative approach using qualitative interviews to describe what causes the differences. My results show that there is a difference between men and women’s musical preferences at least on the surface. Men preferred listening to rock and women favoured pop to a greater extent. These results could be affected by socialisation which refers to common norms in the society describing how women and men should behave. Socialisation can be linked to musical preferences and clearly both sexes are affected by this. It can be problematic to break these norms fearing exclusion from certain social groups. Some factors that effects musical preferences are socialisation, gender and identity.</p>

Thèse de doctorat : Psychologie : Lyon 2 : 2001. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.