Le transfert de technologie est un processus d’innovation loin de se résumer à une simple relation émetteur / récepteur de connaissances. Il est complexe et de ce fait, les facteurs déterminants de son succès sont encore mal connus, sa modélisation reste à étudier et des principes de pilotage sont à établir.Cette thèse propose une modélisation descriptive du processus de transfert de technologie afin de mieux comprendre la dynamique des projets de transfert de technologie et de dégager des bonnes pratiques permettant de mieux le piloter. Dans le champ théorique, nous avons analysé les modèles de transfert de technologie existant dans la littérature et avons proposé un méta-modèle du point de vue de l’ingénierie système. Nous avons ensuite cherché à mieux comprendre les phénomènes in situ.Pour ce faire, une méthodologie d’observation pour la collecte des données au niveau « micro » a été mise au point. Nous avons suivi cinq projets de transfert durant une période allant de trois mois à deux ans. Deux dimensions ont été privilégiées : la dimension immatérielle et matérielle. Le concept d’Objet Intermédiaire de Transfert (OIT) est introduit à partir de la notion d’Objet Intermédiaire de Conception. Les données obtenues ont été analysées selon deux approches :- une approche comparative descriptive, permettant d’identifier les invariants et les phénomènes divergents entre les cinq processus. - une approche multicritère basée sur la théorie des ensembles approximatifs. Cette dernière approche fournit des informations utiles pour la compréhension du processus par l’intermédiaire des règles de connaissances. Elle a validé l’importance des OIT dans la dynamique du projet final / Technology transfer is an innovation process far from to be defined as a simple transmitter / receiver relationship of knowledge. It is complex. Thus the determinants of its success are still poorly understood and its modeling remains to be studied to a better management and optimization of the process.This thesis proposes a descriptive modeling of the technology transfer process. The aim is to have better understanding of the dynamics of technology transfer projects, and developing best practices to improve its management.In the theoretical field, we analyzed the models of the literature and proposed a meta-model of technology transfer from the point of view of systems engineering. We then sought to better understand the phenomena in situ.In order to reach our aim, an observation methodology for data collection at the micro level has been developed. We followed five transfer projects for a period ranging from three months to two years. Two dimensions have been emphasized: the immaterial and the material dimension. The concept of Intermediate Transfer Object (ITO) is introduced from the concept of design intermediary object.The data obtained were analyzed using two approaches:- a comparative descriptive approach, identifying invariants and divergent phenomena between the five processes. This has allowed us to propose best practices for technology transfer project management in the context of brazing.- a multicriteria approach based on the rough sets theory. This approach provides useful information for understanding the process through the decision rules. It validated the importance of the technology transfer object in the dynamics and the success of a project

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-25T14:08:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Vinicius Luz.pdf: 2190027 bytes, checksum: 568b20a1a02efa90404b27be3432ec96 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-09-15T15:57:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Vinicius Luz.pdf: 2190027 bytes, checksum: 568b20a1a02efa90404b27be3432ec96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-15T15:57:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Vinicius Luz.pdf: 2190027 bytes, checksum: 568b20a1a02efa90404b27be3432ec96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-23 / No ambiente cada vez mais competitivo no qual estão inseridas as organizações, percebe-se que gerentes que erram o diagnóstico sobre quais fatores são realmente cruciais para o sucesso competitivo, ficam sujeitos a empregar estratégias mal concebidas para perseguir objetivos de pouca importância. Identificar corretamente os Fatores Críticos de Sucesso (FCS) no negócio é um dos primeiros passos para um bom planejamento estratégico, além de ser essencial não só para a determinação das informações necessárias para o correto gerenciamento, mas também, para priorizar os critérios de avaliação dos resultados. O trabalho objetiva levantar quais as variáveis críticas que são relevantes para a satisfação dos clientes que atuam no mercado livre de Energia. A abordagem metodológica científica proposta está estruturada numa pesquisa quantitativa com a aplicação da metodologia CHAID. Os dados foram levantados a partir de uma pesquisa realizada por uma empresa atuante do setor elétrico. Como resultado esperado se enseja consolidar a análise proposta que permitirá avaliar os fatores críticos de Sucesso no Ambiente Livre de Comercialização Energia elétrica no Brasil. / In the increasingly competitive environment in which organizations are inserted, it is clear that managers who miss the diagnosis of which factors are really critical to competitive success, are subject to misuse strategies designed to pursue goals of little importance. correctly identify the Critical Success Factors (CSF) in business is one of the first steps to a good strategic planning as well as being essential not only to determine what information is necessary for the proper management, but also to prioritize the evaluation criteria results. The work aims to raise which the critical variables that are relevant to the satisfaction of customers operating in the free energy market. The methodology approach is structured in a quantitative research with the application of CHAID methodology. The data were gathered from a survey conducted by a company active in the electricity sector. As a result expected is expected to consolidate the proposed methodology that will evaluate the success of critical factors in marketing Free Environment Electricity in Brazil

我國在電信開放自由化後，行動通訊發展的腳步就一直以極快的速度成長，而第三代行動通訊則是目前行動通訊的大熱門，其擁有以往GSM系統所沒有的高速傳輸速度、以封包的方式傳輸資料等的特點、在搭配更優良的通訊品質，使得第三代行動通訊深受投資人的期待，而本論文則將針對我國未來第三代行動通訊市場，提出市場成形條件與關鍵成功因素。 本研究採定性分析之方法，除了探討相關文獻外，再以個案訪談之方式，希望能對第三代行動通訊市場做個完整的分析。個案對象包括行動通訊系統商、終端設備製造商、以及欲加入第三代行動通訊事業之新進入者。 本論文研究中，對於市場成形條件列出以下十點：傳輸技術的發展、消費者消費行為的了解、定價合理化、終端設備的出現、電信系統業者的存在、尋找適用於行動通訊網路的內容、行動整合平台的出現、網路安全問題的解決、行動通訊內容的蓬勃發展、網站使用者付費機制的形成。 而關鍵成功因素也列出下列十點，分別是找出殺手級應用服務、電信業者注意系統的穩定性、安全性及網路管理能力、行動終端設備的功能提升及與其他技術的整合、提供顧客個人化、客制化的第三代行動通訊服務、電信系統商與其他業者間拆帳問題的解決、政府的法令規定、行動終端供應速度必須滿足市場需求、針對企業用戶提供其所需要的服務內容、網路外部性的運用。 而市場成形條件與關鍵成功因素之間的關聯，則以兩者之關聯圖表做解釋。又未來的第三代行動通訊服務中，行動顧客關係管理(Mobile CRM)所扮演的角色將格外重要，這部份必須與行動整合平台間有著緊密的關聯，以行動顧客關係管理為基礎，結合未來WAP之PUSH機制的成熟，將更能夠達到主動行銷的概念，又利用行動終端設備屬於個人化產品的特性，將能夠讓一對一行銷的概念在未來第三代行動通訊中實現，再輔以本論文所提之市場關鍵成功因素，未來我國第三代行動通訊服務市場的發展將是值得期待的。

民國77年，服務業佔GDP 之49.3％，佔三級產業之首。而78年，前三 季服務業佔GDP 之比重更突破50％的大關，顯示服務經濟的時代已來臨。 「服務傳送系統」之任務為傳遞服務品質。並使顧客期望與知覺的品 質水準能夠一致。而服務業與製造業最大的不同處即在於「生產與消費的 不可分離」，故產銷配合分外重要。本研究以關鍵成功因素來整合產╱銷 兩大變數，並認為服務傳送系統之設計應與關鍵成功因素配合才可創造良 好的績效。 因此，本研究目的有四：１．服務業應以何種分類方式來 分類才可順利地找關鍵成功因素﹖２．在上述分類下，各類型之服務業其 關鍵成功因素的內涵為何﹖３．服務傳送系統之設計應如何配合關鍵成功 因素﹖４．服務傳送系統之本質與內涵為何﹖ 本研究採個案研究法， 以「技術特性」與「交易複雜度」兩構面分析，不同的產業脈絡下，其關 鍵成功因 素之差異，並據此發展命題。 此外，本研究之結論有：１ ．服務業之分類方式應以「技術特性」與「交易複雜度」兩構面來分析， 才可達成產銷配合之任務。依此分類方式可將服務區分成專業服務、間斷 式服務與大量服務。２．不同之服務型態，其關鍵成功因素有所不同：（ １）專業服務之ＫＳＦ為：專業能力、形象、團隊合作、界面管理與分權 。（２）間斷式服務之ＫＳＦ為：形象、聲譽、品牌、規模、業務能力、 設計╱多樣化的能力。（３）大量服務之ＫＳＦ為：標準化的制度、產銷 配合、採購能力、顧客關係、等候線管理、立地與遞送。３．專業服務為 產品導向，著重效能的服務傳送系統。４．大量服務為過程導向，著重效 率的服務傳送系統。５．間斷式為一著重彈性、過程與產品兼具的服務傳 送系統。

個案銀行力行顧客關係管理員制度（CRM）背景，爰因客戶資料分析經驗顯示與現有的顧客做生意，成本只有開發新顧客的1/5至1/8；80/20 法則，告訴我們企業80% 的利潤來自 20% 的顧客。且因個案銀行深知銀行競爭激烈，有形的產品價格競爭不具差異性，企金客戶經理AO能替客戶創造無形價值的服務能力，便成為決戰未來的能力，惟有用對方法，深化與客戶互動的品質，創造感動的服務，就能維持長久競爭優勢。 該銀行採「全功能分行」模式，並對企金AO採雙軌矩陣式管理之組織改造，行政管理隸屬分行經理，業務目標績效發展隸屬總行企金部並行制，歷經逐年個案銀行經營績效亮麗表現實證，的確是一個行得通的商業模式。並不斷加強企金AO交叉銷售能力(CROSS-SELLING)，成果顯示，改造後組織績效已等同金控集團彼此整合之共同行銷效能。因此近5年以非金控組織架構下仍堅持走自己的路，奮力圖強，業績仍然表現亮麗。同時也採行扁平化組織，進行作業中心制、區域中心、到事業部的組織改造在保留原分行風貌、雙軌制下，實施KPI目標設定、職位職等新制、績效管理與發展，並通過現金增資提供員工參股，屬於調合式的變革管理。 因成立作業中心後，除了可減少人為疏失及人謀不臧的風險外，亦可經由專業化的人員作業而將風險有效控管，並且更進一步的將徵授信作業流程E化。近期更致力建置良好的客戶信用評等系統且與並和風險訂價系統及績效評核系統整合。此等運作因此，可避免營運陷入惡性競爭，提升風險控管能力，亦有別於過去的放款作業形態不完全依賴業務人員的人為判斷。對於不同風險等級的授信對象，給予不同的利率，儘可能做到質價並重。

在經濟全球化的後金融危機時代中，技術財產權的交易對於推動產業升級，推動新產品及市場發展和進一步推動技術移轉成對現實生產力仍然具有重要市場貢獻的實際意義。不斷豐富技術財產權交易的商業化方法及流程後充分發揮技術財產權交易在市場的領先及先發地位。本研究著重在技術移轉的成功關鍵因素之研究，所以會同時考量到技術應用、市場需求及供應鏈等方面的議題。另外，政府研究機構與企業間的技術移轉對其本身經營成效均是相當重要。對企業而言，此類型的技術移轉已成為其獲取新型技術的重要來源。對政府研究機構而言，政府研發投資的成效係決定於研發成果能否有效地移轉廠商。本研究主要以研究機構之一工業技術研究院技術移轉為主。研究對研究機構及企業而言，進行技術移轉的主要關鍵成功因素為何?研究有以下四個發現;(1)技術移轉業務牽涉層面廣泛、涵蓋多樣專業，包括技術、法律、管理、財務等，宜達到認知一致及雙方資訊回饋的情形下，一定要和對方保持在高頻率溝通。(2)技術移轉需要整合各方資源，所以為了使技術移轉時技術接受者方的技術達到同一個技術水平的情況下，研究機構應為對方隨時準備。(3)雙方背景的懸殊，會影響技術移轉績效;研究機構在避免開發出不符合市場競爭力的商品的情況下，研究機構應一開始就著手彌補這差異。(4)市場變化多端，建議甚至技術移轉期後，仍然應強化後續與企業在技術商品化的互動來因應市場在不同階段的變化。 關鍵字： 技術移轉、研究機構、技術商業化、新產品開發、成功關鍵因素。 / In the age of post global economy financial crisis, trading of intellectual properties still have real meanings to the market in pushing new products, developing new markets and further pushing technology transfer into producible. After continuous refining IP trading methodologies and processes, business entities will become leaders in their markets. This research will focus on success factor in technology transfer with topics in technology applications, market demand and supply chains. Moreover, we will discuss important factors in technology transfer between government research institutions and private enterprises. For private enterprises, it is an important source of obtaining new technology. For government research institutions, performance of the government research investment is determined by whether the result of research and development can be successfully transferred to private enterprises. In this research, we will be mainly discussing technology from Industrial Technology Research Institute in Taiwan. In this research, the author will discuss four main findings in key successful factors in technology transfer between the government research institution and private enterprises. (1) Technology transfer is very involved in many aspect of business including research and development, law, management and finance, etc. It is best to keep good communication between both entities to reach a common consensus and to keep good feedback. (2) Resources from both entities have to be integrated in the process of technology transfer. Therefore, the research institution have to be prepared to have a plan of support for private enterprises to reach the same technology level. (3) Difference in background knowledge between both entities will have impact in technology transfer performance. In the beginning, the research institution have to prepare to remedy this difference in recognition to prevent developing a product that is not competitive in the market. (4) Market changes fast. The research institution should reinforce interaction between itself and private enterprises in technology commoditization and responds to difference phase of product development and market development. keyword : technology transferring, research institution, technology commercialization, new product development, critical success factor.

Agila Business Intelligence System (ABIS) är en relativt ny och komplex typ av informationssystem, som kännetecknas av förkortade utvecklingstider, genom att exempelvis införa mer självbetjäning i de analytiska systemen, för att kunna möta ett behov av att analysera omvärldsfaktorer, som förändras i en allt snabbare takt. Eftersom ABIS är ett nytt och relativt outforskat område, finns ett behov av att utforska detta område. IT-investeringar är alltför ofta olönsamma och finns ett intresse av att visa på vad som bidrar till ett framgångsrikt införande av ett ABIS och på vilket sätt. Syftet med denna fallstudie var att identifiera högt rankade och gemensamma faktorer baserat på de kritiska framgångsfaktorer som belagts av tidigare forskning inom ABIS, beskriva hur dessa bidragit till ett framgångsrikt införande samt utröna skillnader och/eller likheter mellan hur dessa faktorer verkar ur kund- respektive leverantörsperspektiv. Som underlag för denna studie användes framför allt tidigare forskning kring kritiska framgångsfaktorer för Business Intelligence System. Speciellt en modell som utvecklades 2010 av Yeoh och Koronios användes som utgångspunkt för att lista de potentiella faktorer, som skulle beaktas av denna studie. Denna undersökning genomfördes som en fallstudie med hjälp av ett företag, som både levererar konsulttjänster och ABIS. En Delphipanel användes för att sortera fram framgångsfaktorer, som sedan studerades närmare genom semistrukturerade intervjuer för hur dessa kritiska framgångsfaktorer bidragit till ett framgångsrikt införande av ABIS från dels ett kundperspektiv, dels ett leverantörsperspektiv. De två faktorer som rankades högt och samtidigt delades av samtliga respondenter var: affärsvision och planer datakvalitet och dataintegritet Kundperspektivet var det styrande och leverantörens roll var ordentligt förstå kundens perspektiv, för att på så sätt framgångsrikt införa ABIS. Affärsvision och planer var av betydelse för att koppla införande till kundens målsättningar. Datakvalitet och dataintegritet var den mest betydelsefull faktorn utifrån den resursfördelningen skedde inom ett införandeprojekt för ABIS. / An Agile Business Intelligence System (ABIS) is a relatively new and complex type of information system, which is characterized by shortened development times, for by example introducing more self-service in the analytical systems, in order to meet the need to analyze the business environment, which is changing at an even faster pace. As the ABIS is a new and relatively uncharted area there is a need to explore this area. IT investments are too often unprofitable and there is an interest to show what contributes to a successful implementation of an ABIS and in which manner. The purpose of this case study was to identify highly ranked and common critical success factors based on the critical success factors faced by previous research in ABIS, describe how these contributed to a successful introduction of the system and examining differences and / or similarities between how these factors act from customer and supplier perspective. Earlier research on critical success factors for business intelligence systems was used as a basis for this study. Especially the model developed in 2010 by Yeoh and Koronios was used as a starting point to list potential factors to be considered by this study. This study was conducted as a case study with the help of a company that delivers both consulting services and ABIS. A Delphi panel was used to shortlist two success factors, which were then studied in more detail in semi-structured interviews to describe how these contributed to the successful introduction of ABIS from both a client as well as a supplier perspective. The two factors that both ranked high and were common for all respondents were: Clear vision and well-established business case Data quality and data integrity The leading perspective was the customer and the supplier role was to properly understand the customer perspective in order to successfully introduce ABIS. The vision and business case were important to link the introduction ABIS to client objectives. Data quality and data integrity was the most significant factor on the basis of the resource allocation of implementation projects for ABIS.

We see an increasing need for more entrepreneurs to match the changing nature of the globe in this dynamic world. In 2012, the Swedish government considered entrepreneurship to be a theme running throughout the entire educational system. The university is one place to develop the entrepreneurial spirit, especially among students. Universities play a very important role in enhancing national development because of their central role in the production of high-level manpower and research that are necessary for achieving national goals. Through research, universities generate new knowledge and understanding that are instrumental for developing new technology and promoting information transfer. Most international students experience three levels of shock: culture shock, language shock and academic shock. Sohrabpour et al. (2013) defined these shocks as a disease suffered by those who enter a new cultural environment. In this paper, we discussed the role that the university plays in supporting international students to develop entrepreneurial ideas and become established at Linnea University in Växjö. We believed that if being an international student poses challenges, launching an entrepreneurial venture is sure to have even more complex constraints that will potentially kill their entrepreneurial spirit. Thus, we examined the support facilities that are available to help international students start their entrepreneurial ventures and how they are experiencing these facilities at universities. We took Linnea University in Växjö as a case study.

This thesis describes project management methodology implementation in a consulting company and examines the impact of this methodology on key success factors of the company. The theoretical part deals with issues related to project management implementation in a company and describes well-known methods and standards in this area while focusing on PRINCE2 methodology, which has been chosen for the implementation. The theoretical part continues by describing the process of creating system dynamics models, which allowed the key success factor models to be created as tools for evaluation of the methodology implementation impacts. The practical part of this thesis describes the background for the methodology implementation project and then the implementation itself in detail. The practical part continues by showing and describing the created key success factor models. In the end, the methodology impacts evaluation is carried out, analyzing changes in separate elements of the model breakdown.

Ideologisk motiverad våldsbejakande extremism är ett resultat av en radikaliseringsprocess. Detta är ett stort problem och skolan har ett ansvar att arbeta preventivt mot detta problem. Syftet är att göra en systematisk litteraturstudie om hur skolan och lärare kan arbete på ett framgångsrikt sätt i syfte att minska riskerna för radikalisering. För att göra detta är det viktigt att ha koll på vilka faktorer som kan leda till radikalisering, vilka arbetsmetoder som har en preventiv effekt. Detta arbete är viktigt eftersom den svenska skolan har en central uppgift att fostra aktiva och demokratiska samhällsmedborgare. Detta är ett stort område och aktiva forskare har olika synsätt på radikaliseringsprocessen vilka presenteras i form av ett analysschema. Radikalisering sker till följd av att en individ utsätts för riskfaktorer sprungna ur psykiska och sociala problem. Det kan exempelvis handla om mental ohälsa, polarisering eller uppfostran. För att arbeta preventivt mot att elever radikaliseras har ett antal olika program som utformats. Exempel på sådana program är British prevent och Toleransprojektet. Dessa program innehåller framgångsfaktorer, detta innebär att vissa sätt att arbeta på eller vissa områden att arbeta kring har en preventiv effekt mot radikalisering. Framgångsfaktorerna kan bland annat innefatta värdegrundsarbete, relationskompetens hos lärare eller ökad tolerans bland eleverna.