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School - A good place for learning, but maybe not for making mistakes : Students' perceptions of formative assessment and feedbackHjulström, Johan January 2022 (has links)
The purpose of the study was to examine seven upper-secondary school students' perceptions of teachers' use of formative assessment and feedback in the classroom. The basis for the study was Wiliam (2017) and Hattie's (2008) theories on formative assessment and visible learning. The study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with seven students from six different schools to find out what their perceptions were about the use of formative assessment in the school environment. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the study show that most students experience a fear of failure in their studies. More specifically, the students reported that they had difficulty understanding and using the teachers’ feedback and that this feedback was often perceived as negative. They also find it difficult to interpret what the teacher wants to say with their feedback and they do not dare to challenge themselves in the tasks they are given by teachers due to the fear of making mistakes. There are challenges in how teachers give students feedback and also how feedback is used by students. Mostly the challenge concerns the time it takes for students to get feedback from their teachers, also the difficulty for teachers and students to work formatively with learning platforms. The students reported that learning platforms risk acting more as a way for students to see what level they are reaching in courses, rather than helping students to develop.
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“We are not going to hide what they are going to learn” - A Study about Rubrics for Speaking Skills in The English ClassroomSwartswe, Linnea January 2018 (has links)
A rubric specifically for speaking skills was recently implemented and practiced in an English classroom for grade 6, in a school in the south of Sweden. The predetermined effected results of how the rubric works is debated among many schools and researchers, but no research have been done on the actually effects specifically in this area recently. Therefore, the overall aim for this study is to analyse how this specific tool for the spoken language learning works in practice. The study includes theory and previous research, which will be presented and moreover discussed in relation to the findings. Semi-structured interviews will be used and the participants are two teachers who teached year 6 at the same school in a city in the south of Sweden; both used the rubric in the English classroom. I investigated why and how it was implemented and used in the English classroom. Moreover, I answered the questions of what kind of rubric was used; and by comparing the rubric to the knowledge requirement in the syllabus, I determined how it outlined the knowledge requirements. In addition, by analysing the teachers’ answers, I investigated how the rubric affected the students’ learning and how it facilitated the learners’ self-awareness of their language development. The conclusion demonstrates that the rubric for speaking skills is beneficial for the majority of the students, but it has a negative effect on the students who are on a lower knowledge level than the rubric includes.
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"Formativ bedömning är jättebra på grundsärskolan! Om jag inte hade fått använda det vad hade jag haft för alternativ då"? : Bedömningsarbete i grundsärskolan, inriktning ämne / Formative assessment is great in Swedish compulsory special school! If I hadn't been using it what had the option been then "? : The assessment work in Swedish compulsory special school, focus subjectLund, Jenny, Lindfors, Sylvia January 2019 (has links)
The purpose of the study is to investigate the formative assessment work in Swedish compulsory special school, for students who read focus subject. The questions are how special educators working with formative assessment in different ways, and how they make the knowledge requirements visible by artefacts as the use of image support, alternative communication, digital tools and more. Theoretical approach consists of previous research on formative assessment. Sociocultural perspective has been used to analyse the results. Qualitative methods in the form of five observations and five interviews were used for the collection of empirical data. Results show that educators are working consistently with formative assessment in different ways and that teacher’s give students feedback for learning forward. In the categories peer assessment and the visibility of the knowledge requirements, it appears on the basis that it appears less in teaching. The study's implications based on the results is to make visible the objectives for students and help them to their own development. It also contributes to further research on the importance of students with intellectual disabilities may need alternative individual adaptations for perceiving information and communication about learning objectives and criteria. The work of visible learning and make students involved in their own development becomes more complicated when the curriculum and syllabuses exist only as text documents. Teachers need to create own image support in the student's immediate environment to increase the possibility for communication about the student's knowledge of the formative process
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Bedömning och synliggörande av lärande i grundsärskolan och gymnsaiesärskolan / Assessment and visible learning in elementary special school and the upper secondary special schoolJohansson, Annika, Petersen, Jenny January 2020 (has links)
Studiens syfte är att finna hur man arbetar inom grundsärskolan och gymnasiesärskolan med att synliggöra lärandet för eleverna och bedöma vart eleverna befinner sig kunskapsmässigt. Frågeställningarna behandlar vilka metoder speciallärare och specialpedagoger använder för att synliggöra lärandet samt vilka metoder som används för att bedöma vart eleven befinner sig kunskapsmässigt och vilka metoder lärarna använder för att göra lärandet meningsfullt, hanterbart och begripligt. Kvalitativ metod i form av webbenkäter har använts för insamling av empirin. Den teoretiska ansatsen KASAM har använts för att analysera resultatet. Resultatet visar på att den metod som lärarna använder mest för att synliggöra lärandet för sina elever är genom muntlig återkoppling. Den metod som lärarna använder sig mest av för att ta reda på var eleven befinner sig kunskapsmässigt är samtal med kollegor. För att göra lärandet hanterbart, begripligt och meningsfullt så tar lärarna reda på vilken lärmetod som passar bäst för eleven, utgår från elevens intresse och har en tydlighet kring mål och syfte med undervisningen. Resultatet visar också på likheter och skillnader i valda metoder för de elever som läser ämnesområde kontra de som läser ämne. Studiens specialpedagogiska implikationer är att ge tips på goda exempel om metoder för bedömning och synliggörande av lärande. Resultatet bidrar till förslag för fortsatt forskning kring effekten av beprövade metoder. / The purpose of this study is to find out best practices for teachers within the compulsory special school and the upper secondary special school in Sweden. The goal is to make the learning visible for the pupils and to assess where the pupils are in terms of knowledge. The study addresses what methods special teachers and special educators use to make the learning visible, to assess where the pupil is in terms of knowledge and what methods teachers use to make learning meaningful, manageable and understandable. Qualitative method in the form of web surveys has been used to gather empirical data. The theoretical approach KASAM has been used to analyze the results. This reveals that the method most teachers use to make the learning visible to their pupils is through oral feedback. The method that teachers use most often to find out where the pupil is knowledgeable is talking to colleagues. In order to make learning manageable, understandable and meaningful, the teachers choose learning method best suited for the pupil based on the pupils interest and have a clear focus on the goals and purpose of the teaching. The result also shows similarities and differences in selected methods for the pupils who read the subject area versus those who read the subject. The study's special educational implications are to give tips on good examples of methods for assessing and making visible learning. The result contributes to proposals for further research on the effect of tried and tested methods.
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Community College Instructors' Perceptions and Use of FeedbackFranklin, Janeth Martin Walker 01 January 2015 (has links)
Many community college students, especially those who are required to take developmental education courses, do not complete course and degree goals. Research shows that constructive feedback practices used by instructors improve academic achievement while destructive feedback practices diminish student learning. Using a constructivist framework, the purpose of this qualitative, instrumental case study was to understand how faculty who teach developmental education and entry level college courses perceive and use feedback in a large urban community college in the Southwestern United States. Data were collected through 17 in-depth, face-to-face interviews and written feedback examples submitted by the faculty members. Interview transcripts were open coded and thematically analyzed and feedback examples were coded and typologically analyzed to identify type of feedback used. Interview findings indicated that faculty used feedback predominately to provide information to students, believing that all types of feedback benefit student learning. Analysis of the written feedback indicated that instructors used both destructive and constructive feedback. Recommendations include designing a professional development training to equip community college instructors with research-based constructive feedback strategies that will support student learning. Implications for positive social change include increasing the use of constructive feedback practices, particularly in developmental and entry level college courses, which may lead to increased course and degree completion for all students.
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Att förstå sitt lärande : En pilotstudie av högstadieelevers uppfattningar om metakognitiva frågor i ämnena bild och svenska / To understand One's Learning : A pilot study about senior-level students' apprehensions of metacognitive questions in the subjects Art and SwedishVossman Strömberg, Anneli January 2018 (has links)
Syftet med pilotstudien är att pröva hur rekommenderade metoder för att uppmuntra elevers metakognitiva tänkande kan användas. Metakognition handlar om ”att lära att lära” och är relaterat till begrepp såsom återkoppling, självreglering och formativ bedömning. Forskning visar att elever som får träning i metakognition ökar sina prestationer. Ett av skolans mål enligt läroplanen för grundskolan, förskoleklassen och fritidshemmet 2011/2017 är att eleverna ska utveckla förmågan att bedöma sina resultat. Jag har undersökt hur elever i årskurs sju besvarar och uppfattar metakognitiva frågor i ämnena bild och svenska. Eleverna svarade på metakognitiva frågor vid tre olika tillfällen: vid planeringen, under genomförande samt vid utvärderingen av arbetsuppgiften. I samband med frågorna svarade de även på en enkät om hur de uppfattade de metakognitiva frågorna. Avsikten är att använda pilotstudiens resultat för att bereda mark för en större studie. I studien har en kvalitativ forskningsmetod använts. Resultatet visar att det är väsentligt att lärarna tar reda på elevernas olika förförståelse för de metakognitiva frågorna. Majoriteten av elever upplever de metakognitiva frågorna som oanvändbara, men av olika skäl. Om eleverna inte förstår frågorna tycker de att frågorna blir något utöver arbetsuppgiften. Om eleverna har en hög metakognitiv förförståelse kommer de att anse att frågorna är överflödiga. De flesta eleverna upplevde att de metakognitiva frågorna tog tid från den uppgift de skulle genomföra. Några elever uttryckte stort missnöje, stor frustration och irritation över frågorna. För att metakognitivt tänkande ska kunna tränas metodiskt med avsedd effekt, måste eleverna vara motiverade. En nyckelfaktor är att eleverna förstår vad träningen ska leda till. Detta behöver läraren arbeta med på olika sätt med olika grupper av elever. / This pilot study aims to test how recommended methods to promote students’ metacognitive thinking can be used. Metacognition is about “learning how to learn” and is related to conceptions like feedback, self-regulation and formative assessment. Research shows that students that get training in metacognition increase their performances. One of the goals according to the Swedish Curriculum for the compulsory school, preschool class and the recreation centre 2011/2017 is that students shall develop the ability to assess their results. I have examined how students in grade seven answer and apprehend metacognitive questions in the compulsory subjects Art and Swedish. The students answered metacognitive questions at three different times: when planning, when carrying through and when evaluating the task. In connection to answering the questions they also answered a questionnaire about their conception of the metacognitive questions. The intention is to use the result of the pilot study to prepare for a larger study. A qualitative research method has been used in this study. The result show that it’s substantial that the teachers find out about the students different preunderstanding of the metacognitive questions. The majority of the students find the metacognitive question useless, but for different reasons. If the students don’t understand the questions they think that the questions are something in addition to the task. If the students have a high metacognitive preunderstanding they will consider the questions as redundant. Most students thought that the metacognitive questions took time from the task they were supposed to do. Some students expressed great dissatisfaction, big frustration and irritation over the questions. To be able to train metacognitive thinking methodically with desired effect the students have to be motivated. A key factor is that the students understand what the training is supposed to leading. The teacher has to work in different ways with different groups of students with this.
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En studie i elevmotivation genom självreglerande lärande som metod för inlärning i moderna språk / A study on Learner Motivation by means of Learner Autonomy as Studying Technique in Modern Language LearningGehrke, Karina Wiebke January 2022 (has links)
Onödiga språkvalsbyten i moderna språk kan anses vara resultat av motivationsbrist kopplat till intrycket att glädje i språkvalsstudier inte leder till gymnasiebehörighet. Denna studie ämnar undersöka och fördjupa kunskap om a) samband mellan självreglering och elevmotivation, samt b) samband mellan glädje och motivation. Hattie och Zierer (2019) konstaterar att mer självreglering leder till ökad elevmotivation. För att pröva om denna slutsats kan verifieras, genomfördes en empirisk studie med lärarintervjuer som besvarade följande fråga: Vad anser lärare är en bra återkoppling till eleverna? För att kunna nå en slutsats i frågan om samband mellan självreglering och elevmotivation etablerades först en definition av begreppet självreglering. I detta syfte användes en teori som står för uppsatsens analytiska ramverk. Ramverket baseras på författare som arbetar i linje med Richard M. Ryans och Edward L. Decis Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Då slutsatsen att mer självreglerande lärande leder till ökad elevmotivation inte kunde verifieras i min empiriska studie, genomfördes en noggrann litteraturstudie. Utifrån denna kunde jag sedan göra en analys av mina frågeställningar med anslutande diskussion. Resultatet antyder att lärare bör fokusera på elevmotivationens kvalitet, med den prototypiska intrinsiska motivationen som mål, för att kunna motverka motivationsbristen i skolan. I detta forskningsarbete kom jag dessutom fram till slutsatsen att en högre motivation i allra högsta grad kan leda till ett mer effektivt lärande i allmänhet. Nyckelord: effektivt lärande, elevmotivation, intrinsisk motivation, motivationsbrist, Self-Determination Theory, självreglering, återkoppling
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