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This study analyzes a commercial by Gillette (2019) and a commercial by Pepsi (2017), which are based on the movements Me Too and Black Lives Matter. The purpose of the study is to examine the commercials with a multimodal critical discourse analysis (MCDA) and with the help of associated semiotic resources analyze communicative and visual performances that appear in the commercials. Through MCDA, the study aims to find underlying messages, portrayals and representations that may indicate to a performative brand activism or Woke Washing in each commercial. The study is based on theories about representation, brand activism, Woke Washing and gender studies. The results of the study indicate that Gillette's commercial has two themes that stand out. The first theme concerns masculinity and ethnicity. The result is that they almost exclusively portray white men in their commercial. The second theme concerns masculinity and women at a disadvantage, and the result is that they try to include themselves in the Me Too debate, which mainly concerns the female gender, while they are at the same time portraying women who are treated badly by men in the commercial. In their commercial, Gillette tries to sell a lifestyle rather than their own products, and this means that there is no performative brand activism occurring in the commercial. What indicates to Woke Washing in the commercial is that they have not done a consistent job to counteract the macho culture and its effects on the male and female gender.  In Pepsi's commercial, two themes were identified. The first theme concerns representation and ethnicity. The result is that they are more intersectional in the representation of different social groups in the commercial. However, they have made the choice to give Kendall Jenner, who is a white woman, interpretive precedence in a demonstration that has connections to Black Lives Matter and concerns black people. The second theme concerns representation and commercial framing, and the result is that, through their brand colors and soft drinks – Pepsi makes a consistent commercial framing throughout the whole commercial, and this means that a performative brand activism thus occurs. What indicates to Woke Washing in the commercial is the fact that they commercialize on an expression taken from a socio-political aspect. / I den här studien analyseras en reklamfilm av Gillette (2019) och en reklamfilm av Pepsi (2017), som tar avstamp i rörelserna Me Too och Black Lives Matter. Syftet med studien är att granska reklamfilmerna ur en multimodal kritisk diskursanalys (MCDA) och med hjälp av tillhörande semiotiska resurser analysera kommunikativa och visuella utföranden som ter sig i reklamfilmerna. Genom MCDA, ämnar studien att finna underliggande budskap, skildringar och representationer som kan indikera till en performativ varumärkesaktivism eller Woke Washing i respektive reklamfilm. Studien utgår från teorier kring representation, varumärkesaktivism, Woke Washing, genus och maskulinitet. Studiens resultat pekar på att Gillette’s reklamfilm har två teman som sticker ut i mängden. Första temat berör maskulinitet och etnicitet, där resultatet är att de nästan uteslutande skildrar vita män i sin reklamfilm. Andra temat berör maskulinitet och kvinnor i underläge, där resultatet är att de försöker inkludera sig själva i Me Too debatten som främst berör det kvinnliga könet, samtidigt som de skildrar kvinnor som blir illa behandlade av män i reklamfilmen. Gillette försöker i sin reklamfilm att sälja in en livsstil snarare än deras egna produkter, och det medför till att det inte förkommer en performativ varumärkesaktivism i reklamfilmen. Det som indikerar till Woke Washing i reklamfilmen är att de inte har gjort ett genomgående arbete för att motverka machokulturen och dess effekter på det manliga respektive kvinnliga könet.  I Pepsi’s reklamfilm identifierades två teman. Första temat berör representation och etnicitet, där resultatet är att de är mer intersektionella i representationen av olika samhällsgrupper i reklamfilmen. Däremot har de gjort valet att ge Kendall Jenner, som är en vit kvinna, tolkningsföreträde i en demonstration som har kopplingar till Black Lives Matter och berör svarta personer. Andra temat berör representation och kommersiell inramning, där resultatet är att de, genom deras varumärkesfärger och läskedryck, gör en genomgående kommersiell inramning under hela reklamfilmen, och det medför till att en performativ varumärkesaktivism således förekommer. Det som indikerar till Woke Washing i reklamfilmen är det faktum att de kommersialiserar på ett uttryck taget ur en sociopolitisk aspekt.

I dagens läge vill konsumenter se varumärken ta ställning i politiska och sociala diskurser och därför tenderar varumärken ofta navigera för att kunna representera sig själva som brydda om olika aktuella politiska frågor. När man ser till hur varumärken försöker ligga i linje med idéer om social rättvisa är det viktigt att notera kapitalismens roll i samhället, där det som är moraliskt ofta är bestämt eller påverkat av det som har ekonomiskt värde. Den här uppsatsen ämnar undersöka musikplattformen ColorsxStudios underliggande politiska budskap med hjälp av Roland Barthes teori om Myten. Uppsatsen dsikuterar även huruvida marknadsföringen plattformen bedriver är etiskt hållbar och förenlig med deras underliggande budskap och ideologi. Detta görs med hjälp av begreppet woke washing.

I den här studien analyseras företaget Gillettes visualisering av maskuliniteter i deras reklamfilm We Believe: The best men can be. Undersökningen utgår från hur företaget förhåller sig till genus efter rörelsen #metoo som slog igenom 2017. Genom en kvalitativ semiotisk analys, studeras utvalda klipp från reklamfilmen för att få en förståelse över symboler i reklamfilmen. De har sedan analyserats med hjälp av storytelling, representations teori och teoretiska begrepp, såsom maskulinitet, toxisk maskulinitet och woke-washing. Utifrån undersökningen ska en förståelse nås om Gillette som globalt företag har förändrat sin visuella kommunikation efter #metoo. Resultatet av studien är att Gillette inte skapar någon normbrytande gestaltning av maskulinitet. Istället visualiseras två olika former av maskuliniteter i reklamfilmen We Believe: The best men can be. Den första är en toxisk maskulinitet som Gillette tar avstånd från. Den andra är en traditionell hegemonisk maskulinitet, som bygger mycket på att en man ska beskydda och vara en förebild.

The purpose of this study is to examine, based on a qualitative semiotic image analysis, how feminist aspects are used by companies for commercial purposes. The starting point for the study is a critical feminist perspective with a theoretical background in the complex discussions about postfeminism, commodified feminism, femwashing and femvertising. Of which an in-depth study of postfeminist discussions of individualism, girl power and empowerment. The study will examine the razor blade company Estrid's two campaigns: Shave and misbehave (2019) and Save. Shave. Whatever (2020). The aim of the study is that in a tripartite analysis consisting of; body hair, shaving and the environment show how today's neoliberal society often uses political and social issues for a capitalist and commercial purpose. Based on the campaigns, analyze how Estrid portrays women, body hair and feminism in relation to their products. The result that emerged from the analysis showed that Estrid strives to break stereotypes and express feminist values within its brand strategy. This is because it repeatedly shows normalization around body hair. The conclusion also showed that as a brand, it is difficult to produce a genuine brand strategy, with feminsit values. Estrid's focus on feminist statements in their campaigns is influenced by postfeminist discussions, with messages such as individualism and empowerment, where new expectations of women are created instead of focusing on criticizing gender structural inequalities.

With social movements like Black Lives matter, #MeToo and Fridays For Future on the rise consumers expect companies to take a stand on these socio-political topics. A new marketing strategy, called brand activism is used to communicate brands values and actions. This paper will conduct a case study of the company Oatly which has been standing out for its daring marketing strategies and analyze their visual communication by using the methods of visual analysis, semiotics and critical discourse analysis. The main research question is how Oalty uses its visual communication to convey brand activism. By analyzing one oat drink packaging, an ad campaign and an Instagram post the findings of this paper conclude that Oatly has several ways of communicating brand activism. These include the use of value based communication, referencing historical activism movements and the sociopolitical theme of promoting a more environmentally friendly lifestyle. The question arises about the authenticity of their opinions and the motives behind their brand activism. So whilst it's clear that companies like Oatly can convey the message of brand activism, this new marketing strategy needs further guidelines and methods of verification to ensure the use of authentic brand activism.

Black Lives Matter rörelsen engagerade människor både internationellt och nationellt under våren 2020. Företag var inte sena med att ta ställning och visa deras stöd i frågan, vilket ledde till olika typer av reaktioner bland deras konsumenter. Denna studie ämnar undersöka svenska konsumenters attityd gentemot företag som använder sig av brand activism som svar på sociala rörelser, där Black Lives Matter valts som empiriskt kontext. Studien ämnar också besvara vilka de viktigaste aspekterna bakom konsumenters attityd är. En förstudie har gjorts genom netnografi och empiri har samlats in genom en webbenkät med 260 svenska respondenter. Studiens analys och resultat tyder på att respondenternas generella inställning till brand activism är positiv i de fall då respondenterna anser att den sociala rörelsen som stöttas är viktig. Det finns dock tre dimensioner som påverkar den övergripande attityden. Dessa är autentiskt innehåll, attityd gentemot företaget och värdet i handlingar. Inom dessa dimensioner utrönas flertalet teman där företagets historia och storlek, innehållet i själva budskapet samt att det genomsyrar organisationen är de viktigaste. Vidare är även temana utbildande, genuin och handlingskraftig kommunikation inom brand activism viktiga delar att ta med sig från resultatet. / The Black Lives Matter movement engaged people both internationally and nationally in the spring of 2020. Companies were not late to join in and show their support in favour of the movement, which led to various reactions among their consumers. This study aims to examine the attitude of Swedish consumers towards companies that use brand activism as a response to social movements, where the Black Lives Matter movement serves as an empirical context. The study also intends to answer what the key aspects behind the studied consumer attitudes are. A prestudy has been done through netnography and empirical data has been collected for the main study through a web survey with 260 Swedish respondents. The study’s analysis and results indicate that the respondents’ general attitude towards the use of brand activism is positive in cases where the respondents believe that the social movement being endorsed is of importance. However, there are three dimensions that affect the overall attitude. These are authentic content, attitude towards the company and the value of actions. Within these dimensions several themes are identified, where the company’s history and size, the content of the message itself and that it permeates the organization are the most important. Furthermore, the themes of educational, genuine and actionable communication within brand activism are also important takeaways from the result.

Att integrera samtida teman med kulturarv är ett sätt för lyxvarumärken att hålla sig relevanta. Denna undersökning kommer att belysa skillnader mellan vad varumärkena säger och de olika strategiska tillvägagångssätt som varumärkena använder. De viktigaste resultaten tyder på att användningen av dessa teman i de visuella kampanjerna för dessa lyxvarumärken verkar ha specifika parametrar. Syftet med denna undersökning är att utforska hur lyxvarumärken med parisiskt kulturarv integrerar samtida kulturella teman i sina digitala kampanjer för att upprätthålla sitt arv och visa sin nuvarande relevans. Forskningen använder sig av kvalitativ innehållsanalys av digitala kampanjbilder. / Integrating contemporary themes with heritage is a way for luxury brands to stay relevant. However, this research will highlight discrepancies between what brands state as well as the different strategic approaches the brands employ. The main findings suggest that the use of these themes within the visual campaigns of these luxury brands, seem to have specific parameters. The purpose of this research is to explore how Parisian heritage luxury brands integrate contemporary cultural themes into their digital campaigns to maintain their heritage and demonstrate their current relevance. The research uses qualitative content analysis of digital campaign images.

The trend to take a stand in campaigns has been identified as an upcoming phenomenon and the term brand activism has been discovered in the context. One of the challenges that brands are facing is to keep the core identity and at the same time communicate responsible positions that consumers demand without getting inauthentic. Since little or no research has been done from the brand's perspective the study has found a research gap that could be filled by examining how their brand identity and political or social messages affect their campaigns. The purpose of the study is to look at three brands and their campaigns in relation to their brand identity and their role within the campaigns. Furthermore, the study investigates if there are any connections between brands taking a stand and brand activism. To achieve the aim of this research, a qualitative method has been conducted based on semi-structured interviews with three types of brands and an expert in communication. The results showed that brand activism in some cases has been used as a tool for brands to challenge structures and cause a dialogue, but the result also identified how brands manage to stay authentic while communicating societal issues.

This study examines two marketing campaigns on the social media platform Twitter by the brand Nike, with the campaigns involving American football player Colin Kaepernick and tennis player Serena Williams respectively. The study specifically explores how Nike utilizes socially and politically progressive values in these marketing   campaigns and how users then respond to it on Twitter, with the source material consisting of four Twitter-posts, two by Nike and one each by the two athletes involved, as well as the replies by other Twitter-users to those posts. The replies to these four Twitter-posts were then sorted into reply types for each post, in other words categorized according to the sentiments and attitudes in the replies that were most prominently and frequently expressed. A grounded theory approach was used thereafter in order to apply relevant theoretical perspectives to the reply types and original posts, through which the source material was split into several analytical themes. The theoretical perspectives used in the analysis were Rosalind Gill’s postfeminist sensibility, Ron Von Burg and Paul E. Johnson’s writings on nostalgia as a critical perspective, Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe’s floating signifier concept, Eduardo Bonilla-Silva¨s racial grammar theory, Susan Cahn’s writings on female athlete stereotypes, and Lauren Copeland’s writings on postmaterialism. The analysis showed that Nike utilized socially progressive causes such as racial and gender equality in an individualistic way by conveying them through the identities of Williams and Kaepernick in their Twitter-posts. It also showed that the replies to the marketing in turn also focused on the identities of the athletes, with repliers either declaring their approval or disapproval of Nike and their marketing campaigns based on whether they were ethically and ideologically aligned with the progressive causes and values that the athletes were proxies for in their respective marketing campaigns. Ultimately, this study revealed an individualization of political expression on social media, both when a corporation like Nike uses it to improve their brand image and in how individuals engage with political and social issues.