This diploma work analyse probléme connected with supplementary pension insurance of Alca plast, s.r.o. copany. It includes a draft of choice of an adequate pension fond and propsal of employer s contribution payments of pension insurance for individua employees with the purpose to eliminace company costs.

The topic of my thesis is an application of Czech and European transport systems for shipping dangerous articles by road transport. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first one is pointed to importance of effective legislation in the Czech Republic and the European Union, which is dedicated to shipping the dangerous articles by road transport. Also it regards to risks of accidents and possible ecologic impacts to an environment. This part compares the amount of traffic accidents in the Czech Republic and states of the EU in a frame of ADR. It shows the risks related to shipping the dangerous articles by road transport. The closing part belongs to important elements of safe transportation of dangerous matters. The second part of the thesis analyses current state of shipping information systems in the Czech Republic and in the European Union. There is the analysis, the suggestions for improvement of the systems´ efficiency and its application in the Czech Republic. The closing part belongs to my own project of shipping information system.

This thesis aims to present society of Universalia which first appears in era of the First republic and uses it's journal Logos in attempt to prove whether Universalia is society of alternative spirituality. Thesis is also interested in some authors of spiritual articles in this periodical and tries to describe impact of these authors on the community of Universalia. The introduction of this thesis describes society of Universalia and its purpose. Another chapter mentions many traditions which Universalia follows-up. Ensuing is the presentation of Logos journal, which serves as communication stream for its members and other societies. Focus point of the thesis lies in analysis of spiritual articles in Logos journal. Forty-two specific articles have been chosen to introduce its authors and try to derive from their contents, whether they aim to create comprehensive picture of spiritual live. The attachments bring some of to this day unpublished research instruments, such as complete bibliography of Logos journal or list of texts published by Universalia.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur artiklar från två välkända svenskakvällstidningar beskriver det våld som män brukar mot kvinnor i nära relationer. Vidare har det undersökts vilka orsaksförklaringar tidningsartiklar använder för att beskriva mäns våld mot kvinnor. En kvalitativ textanalys har genomförts där resultatet har tematiserats med teoretisk ansats genom socioekologiska modellen och Socialstyrelsens definition av våld i nära relationer. Media har visat sig ha en betydande roll för människors förståelse av sociala problem. Det som beskrivs i media blir ofta människors verklighet, därför är det av betydelse att media ger en rättvis och korrekt bild av det stora och utbredda fenomen som våld i nära relationer utgör. Resultatet indikerar att fysiskt våld är den vanligast förekommande typ av våld som beskrivs av tidningsartiklar. Vidare skildrar studien att flest tidningsartiklar beskriver orsaker till mäns våld mot kvinnor med ett strukturellt perspektiv. Endast en av alla inkluderade tidningsartiklar beskriver mäns våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer genom den socioekologiska modellens alla fyra perspektiv. Modellen som i enlighet med Socialstyrelsen är av stor vikt för att få en helhetsbeskrivning av mäns våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer. / The aim of this study was to investigate how articles from two well-known Swedish evening newspapers describe the violence that men use against women in close relationships. Furthermore, the study examined which causal explanations the newspaper articles use in the descriptions of the violence. This is done through a qualitative text analysis of newspaper articles' descriptions of violence. The results of the study have been thematized with a theoretical approach through the socio-ecological model and the National Board of Health and Welfare's definition of violence in close relationships. The media has proven to play a significant role in helping people understand social issues as what is described in the media often becomes people's reality. Therefore, it is important that the media provide a fair and correct picture of the large and widespread phenomenon that violence in close relationships constitutes. The results show that physical violence is the most described violence of newspaper articles. Furthermore, most causes of men's violence against women are described by newspaper articles with a structural perspective. Only one of all included newspaper articles describes men's violence against women in close relationships through all four perspectives of the socioecological model. The model which, in accordance with the National Board of Health and Welfare, is of great importance for obtaining a comprehensive description of men's violence against women in close relationships.

While there are many examples to turn to regarding the thriving phenomenon of private persons being exploited to launch cyber attacks on behalf of states, this thesis will direct it’s attention onto two special cases. Russia has been accused of being the state actor behind the cyber attacks on Estonia in 2007 and Georgia in 2008. The cases are chosen as Estonia have been recognised as the first coordinated cyber attack on a foreign country, and Georgia being the first case were cyber attacks have been utilised in synchronisation with military action. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse the facts of each case in relation to the International Law Commission’s Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (DARSIWA). The analysis will work through article 4, article 5, article 8 and article 11. The main question is how Russia may be hold as legally responsible under international law for the private conduct of ’patriotic’ hackers, the Nashi Youth Group and the Russian Business Network. The thesis concludes that while the circumstances of each case highly indicate state-involvement, this cannot be proven under the respective criterias of the articles and Russia does therefore not bear legal responsibility.

(in English): The aim of presented master thesis is to suggest the optimization of articles processing in the Digital Library of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The present state of journal articles processing is described and the weaknesses are evaluated. The journal articles processing optimization is suggested in two steps. The first step is to choose only one integrated library system for journal articles processing. The second step is using the system of shared cataloging and the proper use of three external resources. The main contribution of this thesis is the deep evaluation of the external journal articles records resources and the process of shared cataloging. Fifteen journals were proposed to the process of shared cataloging and record downloading but only five of them are suitable for this process.

Syftet med studien är att med hjälp av en kritisk diskursanalys (CDA) analysera hur svensk nyhetsmedia år 2020 konstruerar övervikt och viktnedgång samt hur maktstrukturer kommer till uttryck i samband med detta. Teorierna som används är representationsteorin, stigmatiseringsteorin och biopolitik. Som metod i studien används kritisk diskursanalys för att kunna analysera artiklarna från tidningen. Analysverktyg som används är lexikala val, formella och informella lexikala val, överlexikalisering och strukturella motsättningar. Det empiriska materialet i studien består av citat uttagna från artiklar om ämnena övervikt och viktnedgång i kvällstidningen Aftonbladet under året 2020. Totalt har 28 olika citat analyserats. Studiens resultat visar att Aftonbladets artiklar inom ämnet övervikt och viktnedgång i de flesta fall tenderar att fokusera på utseende. Övervikt konstrueras som något som kräver korrigering med hjälp av disciplinering och deras artiklar utgörs till stor del av hur denna korrigering bör se ut. Slutsatsen är att stigmatiseringen av övervikt upprätthålls och reproduceras av Aftonbladet. Nyliberalism, kommersialism och patriarkala maktstrukturer ligger till grund för hur ämnet framställs i tidningen. / The purpose of the study is with the help of a critical discourse analysis (CDA) to analyze how Swedish news media in 2020 construct overweight and weight loss and how power structures are expressed. The theories that have been used are representation theory, stigmatizing theory and biopolitics. The study uses critical discourse analysis to analyze articles from the newspaper. Analysis tools that were used are lexical choices, formal and informal lexical choices, overlexicalization and structural contradictions. The empirical material of the study consists of quotes taken from articles handling the topics overweight and weight loss in the newspaper Aftonbladet during the year of 2020. A total of 28 different quotes have been analyzed. The results of the study show that Aftonbladet's articles regarding the subject overweight and weight loss in most cases tend to focus on appearance. Overweight is constructed as something that requires correction with the help of discipline, and their articles largely consist of what this correction should look like. The conclusion is that the stigmatization of overweight is still maintained and reproduced by Aftonbladet. Neoliberalism, commercialism, and patriarchal power structures form the basis for how the subject is presented in the newspaper.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilka diskurser som representeras i dokumentärfilmen "Kan vi förlåta Margaux?” producerad av public service företaget SVT. Vidare undersöks den kritik som diverse nyhetsartiklar har presenterat i samband med dokumentärfilmens publicering. Kritiken som framförs innehåller bland annat uttalanden som berör public service-uppdrag i det svenska samhället och att innehållsvillkor som riktas mot filmproduktionen ej uppfylls. Ovanstående har analyserats och jämförts med innehållsvillkoren som regeringen ställt upp för public service. Studiens empiriska material består av dokumentärfilmen "Kan vi förlåta Margaux?", utvalda nyhetsartiklar som innehåller respons på filmen samt regeringens innehållsvillkor för public service. Metoden som studien använde är Norman Faircloughs tredimensionella modell som har sin grund i den kritiska diskursanalysen. Studiens teoretiska ramverk utgjordes av både teoretiska analysbegrepp från den tredimensionella modellen samt Westerståhls objektivitetsmodell. Resultaten visar vilka teman responsen till dokumentärfilmen berör samt de diskurser som representeras i dokumentärfilmen. Analysen av diskurserna visade bland annat att dokumentärfilmen förhåller sig till de krav och riktlinjer som public service ska följa då de diskurser som dokumentärfilmen skildrar är i linje med de krav om saklighet och opartiskhet som SVT har att förhålla sig till.

英語の冠詞システムは、冠詞システムを持たない日本語を母語とする日本人学習者にとって、習得の難しい文法項目であるとされている。その原因の1つとして、冠詞使用に影響する英語名詞の可算性について正しく理解できていない、という理由が考えられる。本研究では、2つの実験研究を行い、日本人学習者が名詞の可算性を学習することで、英語冠詞を適切に使用できるようになるのかを調査した。 / The acquisition of the English article system is difficult for learners of English, especially when these learners do not have any article systems in their first language. One reason for their difficulty with English article usage is considered to stem from their inadequate understanding about noun countability. The present study examined the extent to which learning noun countability prompts Japanese learners' appropriate usage of English articles. / 博士(英語学) / Doctor of Philosophy in English Linguistics / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

When performing fingerprinting attacks against websites in a controlled environment astudy may achieve very promising results. However, these can be misleading as the closedworld setting may not accurately represent the real-world. This is a problem many priorworks have been critiqued for, the inability to transfer their results from the closed-worldsetting to the real-world. Being able to do so is of great importance to establish what thereal-world consequences would be of fingerprint attacks. If unable to apply one’s findingsoutside of a tightly controlled environment it is difficult to gauge if these attacks types posea real threat or not. Thereby, this thesis has, contrary to previous work, based its settingon a real-world scenario to provide tangible insights into vulnerabilities of news websites.Furthermore, it targeted internal pages of websites, something understudied by previousliterature. All of this while presenting a novel classifier that is lightweight and requireslittle training, and a framework for automatically collecting and labelling encrypted TCPtraffic without the use of a proxy.