This research study determined the relationship between personality, as measured by the Myers and Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and sense of coherence and learned resourcefulness. The study was conducted among one hundred technical workers within the context of organizational transformation and the ability to cope with resulting stress. Data was collected by means of the Myers and Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), the Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ) and the Self-control Schedule (SCS). The research found that sense of coherence can be predicted at a 5% significance level, while learned resourcefulness cannot be predicted. Extraverts, sensers, thinkers and judgers seem to cope better with stress-provoking demands. The respective personality types probably make use of different coping mechanisms under the same circumstances. Personality type seems to predict sense of coherence, but factors other than personality type could have an Influence. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.Comm. (industrial Psychology)

This research worked toward a general aim of analysing the role of salutogenic functioning as moderator variable in coping and noncoping. A sample of forty-one community service doctors (N = 41) employed in KwaZulu-Natal hospitals was obtained. According to the literature, salutogenic properties are expected to act as generalised resistance resources. Based on this assertion, it was assumed that: degree of salutogenic functioning = degree of coping = degree of stress and burnout. The results demonstrated high levels of stress and depersonalisation burnout. Salutogenic functioning tended to be low, especially for sense of coherence. The results indicated, no significant relationship between stress/burnout and salutogenic functioning. Salutogenic functioning was unable to differentiate between copers and noncopers. These results contradicted the literature assertion that high scores on salutogenic functioning correlate with low scores on stress/burnout. It was concluded that variables other than personality moderated for the high levels of stress and burnout in the sample. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial Psychology)

The question the researcher set out to answer during this research is: How is a caring concern maintained by the (student nurse) as caregiver? It stemmed from unresolved plausible hypotheses stated during a previous qualitative study into the phenomenon caring, from media reports on the "poor care" rendered in health institutions in South Africa, and a concern about the Tylerian rationale in nursing education. The theory generation required was achieved through Wertz's Empirical Psychological Reflection and existential phenomenology. Heidegger's theory of"Care as the essence of being" constituted a central concept in this research. A linguistic epistemology and expanded definition of the term empirical were also pertinent in this research. The literature review focussed on the methodology, ontology (caring and maintenance) and epistemology, serving a purpose towards bracketing. A purposive sample of informants was extracted according to students' performance on the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI). Sixteen qualitative research interviews were conducted. Analysis was conducted through open coding, categorisation and axial coding. At the idiographic level, twelve individual psychological profiles were constructed serving the purpose of imaginative variation. At the nomothetic level four major themes emerged, namely: The Caring Phenomenon (Contextualisation); Factors Eroding a Caring Concern; Factors in the Maintenance of a Caring Concern; and Core Experiences. The dialogue among the four intra-psychic processes of Care, will, meaning attribution and conscience accounts for all events encountered in the data. This dialogue results in either reason or intuition, displaying caring and the maintenance of a caring concern. Positing will and conscience as thesis and antithesis, the resulting synthesis postulates the basic ethical concepts of autonomy, authority, responsibility and accountability as existentially inherent to being and existence, and to the maintenance of a caring concern. The final manifestation of the object ofintention, maintenance, is proposed as an anthropological model. When extended to the fields of (nursing) education, human motivation and the teaching of (nursing) ethics, emotional intelligence, social intelligence, the self-science curriculum and life-skills training become imperative to (nursing) curricula. It is also proposed that human caring be studied as a manifestation of human motivation. / Health Studies / D. Litt et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

Text in Afrikaans / Hierdie ondersoek handel oor die psigometriese verwantskappe tussen verskeie konseptualiserings van psigologiese optimaliteit. Die konsepte selfaktualisering (vanuit 'n humanistiese raamwerk), gevoel van koherensie en aangeleerde vernuftigheid (vanuit 'n behavioristiese en salutogenesis paradigma) is vir die doeleindes van hierdie ondersoek gekies. Die gekose meetinstrumente, naamlik die Persoonlike Orientasievraelys vir selfaktualisering, die Lewensorientasievraelys vir gevoel van koherensie en die Selfkontroleskedule vir aangeleerde vernuftigheid, is op 'n steekproef van 200 middelvlakbestuurders in 'n semi-staatsdiensorganisasie afgeneem. Pearsonkorrelasiekoeffisiente is bereken en 'n faktorontleding is gedoen. Daar is verskeie beduidende korrelasies verkry tussen die subskale van die Persoonlike Orientasievraelys en die Lewensorientasievraelys, maar slegs enkele beduidende korrelasies tussen die Persoonlike Orientasievraelys en die Selfkontroleskedule. Die Lewensorientasievraelys en die Selfkontroleskedule het egter beduidend gekorreleer. Die faktorontleding het getoon dat selfaktualisering aan die een kant, en gevoel van koherensie en aangeleerde vernuftigheid aan die ander kant as twee verskillende konstrukte van psigologiese optimaliteit beskou kan word. / The relationships between various conceptualisations of psychological optimisation are investigated. The concepts of self-actualisation (from a humanistic paradigm), sense of coherence and learned resourcefulness (from a salutogenesis paradigm) are relevant. The measuring instruments were the Personal Orientation Inventory (POl), the Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ) and the Self Control Schedule (SCS). They were administered by means of random sampling of 200 middle level managers in a semi-government organisation. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated and a factor analysis was done. Several significant correlations were obtained between the subscales of the POl and the OLQ, but limited correlations were found between the POl and the SCS. However, significant correlations between the OLQ and the SCS were apparent. The factor analysis demonstrated that self-actualisation on the one hand and sense of coherence as well as learned resourcefulness on the other hand may be regarded as two seperate constructs of psychological optimisation. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / Thesis (M.Com.)--Universiteit van Suid Afrika, 1994.

The research project investigated whether victims of housebreaking experienced motivational, cognitive and emotional deficits central to the Learned Helplessness phenomenon. In keeping with the Reformulated Learned Helplessness theory the attributional style of victims, were also assessed. The State-Trait Inventory developed by Spielberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, Vagg and Jacobs was administered to measure the anxiety levels of victims. Sub-goals served as illustration for the learned helplessness phenomenon. Three- hundred victims, using probability sampling techniques, were interviewed by means of an interview schedule. Support was found for cognitive and some motivational deficits and a common range of emotions experienced by victims. The majority of victims exhibited a global attnbutional style. Burglary victims did not show appreciably higher trait and state scores means, except for females in the 19-39 age group, when compared to a psychological norm. Environmental factors did play a role in rendering homes vulnerable. Recommendations addressing the fear of housebreaking were made at a therapeutic and practical level. / Sociology / M.A. (Criminology)

In the secondary school situation, a pupil needs to read to learn, therefore it is imperative to comprehend what is read. Reading comprehension is one of the two functions of reading and it is dependent on the abilities of the reader, the reader's interpretation of the text and the context in which the text is read. In examining reader characteristics, it is evident that it is very difficult for learning disabled pupils with a reading comprehension deficit to comprehend successfully. Their · unique problems can be exacerbated by such external factors as text components and the context in which the reading takes place. Reading comprehension has been instructed to learning disabled secondary school pupils using reading methods and strategies, to facilitate reading comprehension. From this practical experience and the literature studied, guidelines have been formulated for teachers to use to improve the reading comprehension skills of learning disabled secondary school pupils. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Orthopedagogics)

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-07-01T21:32:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberto Antonio Winter.pdf: 2306529 bytes, checksum: a8d1cdc9ad22f45147be60e7a42ca592 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-01T21:32:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberto Antonio Winter.pdf: 2306529 bytes, checksum: a8d1cdc9ad22f45147be60e7a42ca592 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-22 / Organizational learning process is part of the quest for competitiveness and it is also present on the project’s results, summing up together with several organization projects in order to make up its result. The learned lessons support managers in their projects with the successful and unsuccessful experiences through the registry stored and provided in a centralized and organized way. The learned lessons registry in any project stage helps the project members to meditate about the process, achievements, stimulating the sharing of tacit and explicit knowledge created. On this process of storing and retrieving learned lessons, the web’s 2.0 collaborative tools are present, and in this context the wiki platform is one of the most cited when storing and retrieving learned lessons. Add up the fact that there are no process on the most used references (PMBOK-PMI and ICB-IPMA) to these factors and it is identified a gap on the studies. This scenario motivates the quest for a model that helps the learned lessons management in Information Technology projects and Information Systems. This dissertation aims to evaluate a learned lesson management model on IT/IS project utilizing web 2.0 tools. This model supports the management of learned lessons: gathering, verification, dissemination and reusing. This study has an explanatory and prescriptive approach using an abductive, inductive and deductive method. The Design Science Research is the research’s approach. This study looks for contributing towards the project’s practice and its results and creating academic knowledge with the accuracy that the study requires in its method. The Target 2.0 was instantiated in the implementation phase of an IT project, demonstrating that the model achieved its expected results, solving while searching the company's problem with the GLA. The result emerged evidence of the sociomaterial relations, the quality of relations between people and the model, under present social theory. The research contributes to the GLA practice in projects, helps with project managers in GLA, besides contributing to the Administration allowing expand the use of the organization's knowledge management model. The research contributes to the theory and use of GLA model in the implementation phase of an IT project, in a small business, with improvements in GLA. / O resultado dos diversos projetos de uma empresa contribui para o resultado estratégico do negócio, para a aprendizagem nos projetos, e para o processo de aprendizagem organizacional. Em adição a aprendizagem em projetos, com as lições aprendidas, apoiam os gestores em seus projetos, com o registro das experiências bem sucedidas e de fracassos, coletando e reutilizando as experiências de forma organizada e centralizada. Esta pesquisa explora a gestão de lições aprendidas (GLA), com apoio de uma plataforma wiki, em uma empresa de médio porte, no ramo de TI, especializada em sistemas de logística e transporte. Na relevância do tema, encontram-se as necessidades das empresas, a pouca atenção ao tema nos guias mais utilizados em projetos (PMBOK-PMI e ICB-IPMA). Esse cenário motiva a busca de um modelo que auxilie a GLA em projetos de Tecnologia da Informação e Sistemas de Informação (TI/SI). Essa dissertação tem como objetivo avaliar a instanciação de um modelo de gestão de lições aprendidas em projetos de TI/SI, utilizando uma wiki. Este modelo suporta os processos de GLA: conscientização; coleta; verificação; armazenamento; disseminação e reuso. Este estudo adota o paradigma Design Science Research e o método Technical Action Research, têm uma abordagem exploratória e prescritiva, com uso dos métodos abdutivo, indutivo e dedutivo. A pesquisa instanciou o modelo Target 2.0 na fase de execução de um projeto de TI, demonstrando que o modelo atingiu seus resultados, contribuindo durante a pesquisa para a solução do problema da empresa com a GLA. No resultado emergiu evidências da relação sócio material, na qualidade das relações entre as pessoas e o modelo, sob uma presente teoria social. A pesquisa contribui para a prática de GLA em projetos, contribui com gestores de projetos na GLA, além de contribuir com a Administração permitindo expandir o uso do modelo gestão do conhecimento da empresa. A pesquisa contribui na teoria com uso do modelo na GLA da fase de execução de um projeto de TI, apresentando melhorias na GLA. As seis proposições elaboradas pelo pesquisador, foram confirmadas pela análise dos resultados da pesquisa de campo, sendo que uma possui ressalva que sugere melhorias na elaboração das páginas wiki.

Diese Dissertation untersucht das Nutzerverhalten und die Einstellungen von Smartphone- und App-BenutzerInnen und welche Rolle die Kultur in Bezug auf mobile Privatsphäre spielt. Die zentrale Forschungsfrage lautet: Gibt es Unterschiede im Verhalten und in der Einstellung von amerikanischen und deutschen Studenten der Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften in Bezug auf die mobile Privatsphäre? Im Mittelpunkt dieser Dissertation steht die ethnographische Forschung in einem interkulturellen Umfeld. Das Forschungsdesign besteht aus halb-strukturierten Interviews, gekoppelt mit Experimenten und Beobachtungen der Teilnehmer über die Nutzung mobiler Technologien. Die Feldforschung 1 wurde (in persona) an zwei verschiedenen Orten durchgeführt: an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Deutschland, und an der Rutgers State University of New Jersey, USA. Die Feldforschung 2 wurde (digital) über eine Online-Videokonferenzplattform durchgeführt. Im Gegensatz dazu, was die Autorin dieser vorliegenden Studie prognostizierte, kommt es zu folgenden Ergebnissen in dieser Studie: Bei den Probanden können fast keine kulturellen Unterschiede im Verhalten und in der Einstellung zur mobilen Privatsphäre festgestellt werden. Stattdessen werden in Bezug auf die mobile Privatsphäre ähnliche Einstellungen unter den Studienteilnehmenden festgestellt. Zum einen die Selbstzufriedenheit, zum anderen das Gefühl der Hilfslosigkeit und schließlich Pragmatismus scheinen, deutsche und amerikanische Studierende gleichermaßen zu beeinflussen. Das Ergebnis wurde aber ursprünglich nicht so erwartet, da eigentlich zu Beginn der Studie davon ausgegangen wurde, dass der unterschiedliche Kenntnis- und Bewusstseinsstand zur mobilen Privatsphäre in beiden Kulturen zu unterschiedlichen Reaktionen führen würde. Dennoch bieten die Ergebnisse dieser Studie sicher nachfolgenden WissenschaftlerInnen interessante Impulse und eine gute Ausgangsbasis für weitere Studien. / This dissertation examines the role of culture, mobile privacy, apps, and user behavior and attitude. The core research question is: Are there differences in the mobile privacy behaviors and attitudes of American and German library and information science students? This dissertation uses ethnography as its research methodology since culture is at the heart of ethnography. Furthermore, ethnographers try to make sense of behavior, customs, and attitudes of the culture they observe and research. This ethnographer aims to portray a thick narrative and transforms participants' mobile privacy attitude and behavior into a rich account. The research design is comprised of semi-structured interviews, coupled with experiments and participant observations about mobile technology use. Fieldwork 1 was conducted in two different sites: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, and Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, USA. Fieldwork 2 was conducted via an online video conferencing platform. Contrary to what this researcher predicted, the findings have revealed that there are nearly no cultural differences in mobile privacy behavior and attitude. Similar attitudes, such as mobile privacy complacency, mobile privacy learned-helplessness, and mobile privacy pragmatism, seem to impact German and American students equally. The findings provide support for further research recommendations, and in conclusion, this researcher highlights three contributions this study makes to the scholarly literature.

Объектом исследования явился феномен выученной беспомощности у учащихся общеобразовательных школ в возрасте 12-14 лет. Предметом исследования стала взаимосвязь между формированием выученной беспомощности у учащихся общеобразовательных школ в возрасте 12-14 лет и типом родительского воспитания. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (84 источника) и приложений, включающих в себя бланки применявшихся методик и эмпирические данные. Объем магистерской диссертации 88 страниц, на которых размещены 3 рисунка и 12 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются основная и дополнительные гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор зарубежной и отечественной литературы по теме исследования феномена выученной беспомощности. Представлены разделы, посвященные исследованию научным представлениям о феномене выученной беспомощности, причины формирования выученной беспомощности в подростковом возрасте, рассмотрены детско-родительские отношения как фактор формирования выученной беспомощности у подростков. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам: методике Э.Г. Эйдемиллера и В.В. Юстицкиса «Анализ семейных взаимоотношений» (АСВ) для определения стиля родительского воспитания, методике М. Селигмана «Опросник стиля атрибуции детей» (ОСАД) для диагностики выявления выученной беспомощности, методике принятия других В. Фей для диагностики типов реагирования во время общения. Также в главе представлен корреляционный и факторный анализ результатов исследования. Выводы по главе 2 включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики. / The object of the study was the phenomenon of learned helplessness among secondary school students aged 12-14 years. The subject of the study was the relationship between the formation of learned helplessness in secondary school students aged 12-14 years and the type of parental education. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of references (84 sources) and appendices, including forms of the methods used and empirical data. The volume of the master's thesis is 88 pages, which contain 3 figures and 12 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the development of the problem, sets the goal and objectives of the research, defines the object and subject of the research, formulates the main and additional hypotheses, indicates the methods and empirical basis, as well as the stages of the research, scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on the topic of research into the phenomenon of learned helplessness. Sections devoted to the study of scientific ideas about the phenomenon of learned helplessness, the reasons for the formation of learned helplessness in adolescence are presented, and child-parent relationships are considered as a factor in the formation of learned helplessness in adolescents. Conclusions for the first chapter represent the results of the study of theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study. It presents a description of the organization and methods of the study and the results obtained using all the methods used: the method of E.G. Eidemiller and V.V. Yustickis «Analysis of Family Relationships» (ARA) to determine the style of parenting, M. Seligman’s «Children’s Attribution Style Questionnaire» (OSAD) method for diagnosing the identification of learned helplessness, V. Fey’s method of accepting others for diagnosing types of reactions during communication. The chapter also presents correlation and factor analysis of the research results. The conclusions of Chapter 2 include the main results of the empirical study. In conclusion, the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work are summarized, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses put forward, the practical significance of the study is substantiated and possible prospects for further development of this issue are described.

Den skadeståndsrättsliga principen om den skadelidandes skyldighet att begränsa sin skada ärväl känd och vedertagen i svensk rätt. Principen åberopas ofta som invändning iskadeståndstvister av alla slag, och har därmed stor praktisk betydelse. Principens köprättsligaoch försäkringsrättsliga motsvarigheter är generöst behandlade i doktrinen. På denskadeståndsrättsliga sidan förhåller det sig annorlunda – det här är första gången som ämnetblir tillägnat ett eget arbete i Sverige. Det finns många rättsfall där skadebegränsningsskyldigheten aktualiseras, men på grund avdomskälens utformning är rättsfallens värde som vägledning begränsat. Jag anser emellertid attuppmärksamheten inte bör överfokuseras på dessa. Intar man ett framåtblickande perspektiv,finns det gott om material och idéer att hämta från den övriga civilrätten, från rättsekonominoch – inte minst – från utlandet. Arbetets strukturella och metodologiska ramverk är utformatså, att största möjliga nytta kan dras av främmande källor utan att en djupgående (och oftastointressant) komparativ utredning av dessa källor behöver göras. Det huvudsakliga syftet med undersökningen var att definiera skadebegränsningsprincipensansvarsgräns. Med hänsyn till framställningen omfattning, hade det inte varit möjligt att göragrundliga utredningar av enskilda delproblem. Istället är arbetet fokuserat på att utrönaallmängiltiga riktlinjer, tankemönster och ledtrådar, dels för skadebegränsningsbedömningen isig, och dels för den tänkbara rättsutvecklingen. Ett flertal sådana riktlinjer har kunnatdefinieras, något utspridda över principens tillämpningsområde, och ibland även i sammanhangdär det inte är uppenbart att det är skadebegränsningshänsyn som styr. Samtidigt har åtskilligasystemiska problem uppdagats såväl i principens tillämpning som i den underliggandenormbildningen. Jag har ödmjukt lagt fram några lösningsförslag, med ändamålet att främja enmer rättssäker tillämpning av principen, dels på grundval av gällande rätt, och dels på grundvalav den tänkbara rättsutvecklingen på området. / The doctrine of avoidable loss is a generally recognized principle in Swedish law. The doctrine is often invoked in damage claim disputes of all kinds, and is therefore important in practice. There is plenty of legal literature where the doctrine is treated in the context of sales law and insurance law. On the tort law side, however, there is nothing – this is the first dedicated work on the subject in Sweden. There are many tort cases where the question of avoidable loss is actualized, but due to the way the courts articulate the grounds for their rulings, the cases provide little guidance for the future, and therefore have little value as precedent. This is not necessarily an obstacle to the study. On the contrary, when looking outwards, I have found a wealth of ideas and study material in other areas of civil law, in law and economics, and in foreign law. The structural and methodological framework of the thesis was designed to allow for extraction of material from foreign sources without needing to conduct a thorough (and often uninteresting) comparative study. The main purpose of the investigation was to define the boundaries of the claimant’s liability as imposed by the doctrine. Considering the limited scope of the thesis, it would not have been possible to deconstruct the subject into details and conduct thorough investigations of those. Instead, the work was focused on determining general guidelines, thought patterns and clues; both de lege lata and de lege ferenda. Multiple such guidelines could be defined in various contexts where the doctrine is applied, but also, interestingly, in certain contexts where it is not obvious that considerations of avoidable loss are decisive. Multiple systemic issues have also been found, both in the application of the doctrine and in the underlying norms. I have humbly put forward several suggestions on how these issues could be alleviated to promote legal certainty in the doctrine’s application, both today and in the future.