This master thesis investigates the causes of female street prostitutes’ high level of violent victimization and based on the findings suggests the possible ways to better protect this group of women in order to reduce the harm they face. I chose a qualitative content analysis as a research method and focused on three main theories within the field of Victimology. Lifestyle model, Routine Activity and Neutralization and Desensitization Theories are the most suitable to explain the specific factors which make female street prostitutes’ one of the most victimized groups of the society. The results of the analysis are the clear example that legalizing street prostitution is the so called basis to plan and develop further protective and preventive strategies. Though, the recommendation includes conducting the future research to compare the violence rate of legalized female street prostitution with an unregulated one.

The thesis deals with the prostitution and its casual links to both moral and legislation matters. In this context, it focuses on recent efforts to legalize prostitution in the Czech Republic. The thesis starts with a brief treatise concerning an image of the prostitution as a phenomena, including a few possible reasons for getting involved in it. Thereafter, the thesis addresses a human sexuality and standards, which, through their application in practice, have an influence on our perception of this phenomena. This is also linked to the way we are proceeding to regulate prostitution, and why. The following chapter shows linkages to prostitution-related criminality, in which the majority of standards are broken. The point of this chapter lies in the fact that there is a real necessity for action, longed for by society, in order to regulate this field and to ensure both legal- and practice-wise protection to all threatened categories of people. This thesis also includes a chapter on current legal regulation of prostitution and its legalization in the Czech Republic. It covers various matters, e.g. how to take preventive measures against the crime in question; how to protect prostitutes, their clients or even a society; and how to comply with all these three parties' wishes in the most favourable...

The subject of my thesis is the identification and subsequent comparison of legal instruments which are intended to fight against legalization of proceeds of crime, which is also referred to as money laundering, in the Czech Republic and in the Federal Republic of Germany. The first chapter is to familiarize the reader with the issue of money laundering, therefore it provides the definition of the phenomenon of money laundering and also describes the typical phases of this process. The second chapter is devoted to international institutions that deal with money laundering on the supranational level and whose activities are then reflected in international standards. The third chapter deals with legislation related to the fight against legalization of proceeds of crime in the Czech Republic. First I focus on the history of the development of the struggle against money laundering in the country and subsequently describe particular laws designed to regulate the rights and obligations relating to the effective fight against this phenomenon. Further I describe particular obligations that fall on subjects, which may be confronted with efforts to launder money within its activities, and characterize individual institutions that are involved in the fight against money laundering. The fourth chapter is...

La présente recherche entend analyser les emplois occupés par des migrants dits « sans-papiers », originaires majoritairement de la vallée du fleuve Sénégal, à Paris, à la lumière des processus de régularisation par le travail dont ils sont l'objet. En mobilisant les notions d'« identités de papiers » (Dardy [1991] 1998 ; Noiriel, 1998, 2007 ; Bruno, 2010) et d'« interstices de jeu », la thèse, basée sur une approche sociologique qualitative et inductive, cherche à mettre à jour les mécanismes et logiques à l’œuvre dans la mise au travail d'une population particulière qui est celle d'étrangers en situation irrégulière. Aussi, l'absence d'un titre de séjour en règle a-t-il pour effet la mise en relation de ces migrants avec des secteurs d'emploi déterminés dans un espace économique particulier, et pour lesquels les emplois observés relèvent du marché du travail dit secondaire, voire exogène, aux formes d'emploi précaires et instables. Si les migrants rencontrés acceptent ces emplois précaires et quelque peu dévalorisés, c'est parce que le travail (et le salariat qu'il permet) définit les situations migratoires observées. Pour autant, l'adéquation entre une offre et une demande de travail tire en partie sa légitimité de l'État français. Aussi, les processus de régularisation par le travail en viennent-ils à déterminer partiellement la rencontre entre cette offre et cette demande de travail, la justifier en la normalisant pour partie. Du reste, si l’État en vient à légitimer cette rencontre, c'est aussi au moyen d'une récupération au profit d'une « instrumentation » (Lascoumes, 2003) de la figure du « Travailleur Sans-papiers », énoncée et revendiquée par la grève de 2008-2010. En somme, l'observation des situations d'emploi (notamment dans la répétition des postes occupés et des formes d'emploi) amène à considérer la constitution d'une population au travail, permise par la reconnaissance par l’État de la figure du « Travailleur Sans-papiers ». Les procès de régularisation au titre du travail dessinent la figure du « Travailleur Sans-papiers » et décident si l'étranger en situation irrégulière peut être régularisé par le travail ou non, par le jeu de catégorisations que produit l’État. Et la thèse défendue est la suivante : l'emploi des migrants dits « sans-papiers » s'arrime à des logiques économiques qui assurent la mise en place et la permanence de formes d'emploi particulières. Ces formes d'emploi se nourrissent de la précarité des postes occupés et de la relation salariale contractée. Dans le cas des migrants rencontrés, elles renvoient à la production de formes d'infra-citoyenneté, sous-tendues par des logiques politiques (dans la gestion des flux migratoires et des politiques de main-d’œuvre) que la régularisation par le travail vient couronner. La figure du « Travailleurs Sans-papiers » telle que l'a promue la grève de 2008-2010, mais reprise dans les processus de régularisation au titre du travail, est alors l'archétype du travailleur régularisable et le travail des sans-papiers en est sa logique-même. Ils sont tous deux déterminés par un dispositif singulier de biopolitique. / This research deals with the employment of undocumented people from the Senegal valley, in Paris and the legalization processes. Mobilizing the two concepts of "identify of papers" Dardy [1991] 1998; Noiriel, 1998, 2007; Bruno, 2010) and "interstices of game", this doctoral thesis, based on an sociological and inductive approach, highlights the mechanisms and logics that are inherent to putting undocumented people into work. From there, the lack of residence permit implies the inscription of these migrants in specific sectors of activities. Therefore, employments are registered in the secondary labour market, if not an exogenous market, where employment and its forms are very precarious. If migrants take these jobs, it is because work is the key parameter in the migratory situations. The balance between supply and demand of labour draws its legitimacy from the French State. Indeed, leglization processes determine this balance, and justify it by normalizing it. The legitimacy of French State is allowed by a recovery and "instrumentation" (Lascoumes, 2003) of the figure of "Undocumented Worker", which was first introduced during the strike of 2008-2010. In other words, the employment situations lead to discuss of the production of a specific labour force by the State. The legalization processes are based on the figure of "Undocumented Worker" and by this manner elect the alien in an irregular situation who will be regularized. This lead to formulate the following argument: the employment of undocumented migrants is due to economic logics which establish specific forms to putting undocumented people into work. This is guaranteed by precariousness of status employments, enables to produce forms of a low citizenship that political logics reinforce. Thus, the legalization process supports this perspective. The figure of "Undocumented Worker", from the strike of 2008-2010, is used by the French State to justify the legalization process by work. All these elements are included by a manner of governing that is attached to a particular scheme of biopolitic.

RÉSUMÉ Reprenant les trois argumentaires des rapports divergents de la commission le Dain de 1972, soit le moralisme juridique pour le maintien de la prohibition du cannabis, le paternalisme juridique pour la décriminalisation de sa possession simple et le libéralisme juridique pour sa légalisation, cette thèse mobilise ce triptyque inspiré par trois philosophes juridiques à l’aide de l’analyse de contenu afin de voir comment ces arguments se sont manifestés à nouveau dans le processus parlementaire d’adoption du projet de loi C-45 ayant mené à la légalisation du cannabis au Canada. De plus, elle mobilise aussi le concept de la rationalité pénale moderne dans le but de comprendre l’approbation chez les différents acteurs d’avoir recours au pénal dans ce projet de loi en acceptant l’inclusion de deux nouvelles infractions criminelles passibles de 14 ans d’emprisonnement. Ces infractions visent un adulte qui ferait participer un mineur au marché illégal de cannabis, ou encore vendrait ou donnerait du cannabis à un mineur. La clarification de ce paradoxe était importante considérant que ce projet de loi fut essentiellement justifié par ceux qui y étaient favorables sur la volonté de diminuer un recours au droit criminel identifié comme inefficace à la réduction de la consommation du cannabis, tout en créant de nouvelles infractions pénales pour éviter son accès aux mineurs. Les résultats de cette thèse ont démontré que si des philosophies de type moraliste et paternaliste demeurent bien présentes lors des débats parlementaires sur C-45, le libéralisme juridique l’est aussi, mais tend fortement à disparaitre dès qu’arrive la question de la santé et de la sécurité des mineurs. De plus, si la durée des nouvelles peines demeure contestée par certains, il semble qu’en aucun temps le recours au pénal en guise d’outil de gestion de ces infractions ne soit remis en question, ce qui s’est traduit entre autres par l’absence totale de débats en ce qui a trait à l’utilisation d’un mineur dans le marché illégal de cannabis. Ce dernier point pourrait s’expliquer par une volonté de réforme par contraste qui vise une meilleure efficacité du système en place plutôt qu’une réforme générative qui cherche l’innovation et le renouveau, ce qui aurait demandé la remise en question du paradigme dominant sur certaines drogues actuellement illégales, soit la prohibition. ABSTRACT By taking up the three arguments of the divergent reports of the Le Dain Commission of 1972, the legal moralism in favor of the maintenance of the prohibition of cannabis, the legal paternalism for the decriminalization of tis simple possession and the legal liberalism in favor of legalization, this thesis mobilize this triptych inspired by three legal philosophers by using content analysis in parliamentary debates to see how these arguments manifested themselves again in the process of passing Bill C-45 which led to the legalization of cannabis in Canada. Furthermore, it also mobilizes the concept of modern criminal rationality in order to understand the approval for the various actors to use the criminal law in this bill by accepting the inclusion of two new criminal offenses punishable by 14 years of imprisonment. These offenses target an adult who would involve a minor in the illegal cannabis market, or sell or give cannabis to a minor. The clarification of this paradox was important considering that this bill was essentially justified by those who were in favor of reducing the use of criminal law identified as ineffective in reducing the use of cannabis, while creating new offenses to prevent its access from minors. The results of this thesis have shown that while moralistic and paternalistic philosophies remain very much present during parliamentary debates on Bill C-45, legal liberalism is also present, but tends to disappear as soon as the question of health and safety of minors come up. Moreover, while the duration of the new sentences is still disputed by some, it appears that at no time is the use of the criminal law as a tool for managing these offenses is questioned, which has resulted in the total lack of debate regarding the use of a minor in the illegal cannabis market. This last point could be explained by a desire for the adoption of a reform by contrast which aims to improve the effectiveness of the system in place rather than a generative reform that seeks innovation and renewal, which would have asked a questioning of the dominant paradigm on some currently illegal drugs, the prohibition in itself.

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar o processo de juridicização do sistema multilateral de comércio, por meio da aplicação do modelo teórico de K. W. Abbott et aI (2000) e contraposição dos resultados obtidos à análise do recurso a elementos normativos para justificação das decisões emanadas do sistema em procedimentos de solução de controvérsias em que foi suscitado o artigo XX(g) do GATT para defesa da medida questionada. Observou-se que, apesar do nível de juridicidade tenha permanecido praticamente o mesmo da passagem do GATT-1947 para a OMC, o recurso a elementos normativos para motivação das decisões foi incrementado. A hipótese demonstrada pelos resultados desta pesquisa é que o enfoque restrito no processo de institucionalização por meio de tratados não permite que sejam refletidas, no processo de juridicização, as alterações ocasionadas por outros elementos, como foi o caso, na presente pesquisa, das regras relativas à conformação dos órgãos auxiliares, à interpretação e à tomada de decisão - sejam elas originadas em tratados, costumes ou princípios. / This research aims at analyzing the legalization of the multilateral trade system, applying the theory developed by K. W. ABBOTT et al (2000) and confronting the results with the leveI of recourse to normative elements to justify the decisions issued on disputes where Article XX(g) of GA TT was used in defense of the challenged measure. Notwithstanding the fact that the legalization of the system did not alter from the GATT-1947 to WTO, more normative elements are used for motivation of the decisions taken by WTO. The research shows that excessive focus on the process institutionalization by treaties does not reflected the changes brought about by other elements, such as the configuration of the auxiliary organs - panels and Appellate Body - and the rules related to interpretation and decision making - be them customary international law or principIes.

Submitted by Marlene Aparecida de Souza Cardozo (mcardozo@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-24T12:02:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Leonardo Franco de Lima.pdf: 1848980 bytes, checksum: 38d6622485cd27b397a7809b5477bf8b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-24T12:02:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leonardo Franco de Lima.pdf: 1848980 bytes, checksum: 38d6622485cd27b397a7809b5477bf8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-10 / Many were the battles fought for all humanity throughout the ages for recognition of various human rights. The 1988 Federal Constitution, inspired by other European legal systems, especially the Portuguese, brought great progress in the recognition of numerous social rights, aside from concern to confer instruments so these rights could be implemented by the state and the whole society in order that the precepts planted in the constitution were not relegated to mere promises. The health rights is among those the constitutional legislator leaned more concern, not limited to grant it as a public subjective right, but also organized a unique system through regionalized and hierarchical network, involving all political federation entities and the society as responsible for its implementation. This paper assumes that health is a public subjective right, allowing this way its judicial protection. Inclusive, from this point of view, the pact's preamble that established the World Health Organization conceives health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, obliging the Brazilian State to guarantee its citizens all means for health preservation or re-establishment. However, the 1988 Federal Constitution opened to private sector the pportunity to participate in the health system, both in its complementary form, working with the public health system through the execution of public contract or celebrating agreement with the administration, as in supplemental way through private services provided by contracting health insurance providers. This pact should be analyzed from the perspective of another fundamental right, as elected by the 1988 Letter, the consumer right. This way, it is essential to establish the distinction between public and private orms for health rights exercise, through harmonisation between the principles of human dignity and the right to health with other constitutional principles as those who consecrate the private autonomy, legal certainty, the property, free enterprise, the separation of powers, among others. This interpretative task with its various technical analysis allows you to extract from the current laws the conformation between the rules and principles that establish the limits of each legal relationship, private and public, demonstrating an improper intervention of judiciary in fields given for legislators / Inúmeras foram as batalhas travadas por toda a humanidade ao longo dos tempos para reconhecimento dos mais diversos direitos do homem. A Constituição Federal de 1988, inspirada em outros ordenamentos europeus, especialmente o português, trouxe imenso avanço no reconhecimento de inúmeros direitos sociais, além de se preocupar em conferir instrumentos para que estes direitos pudessem ser concretizados pelo Estado e por toda a sociedade, a fim de que os preceitos fincados no Texto Maior não fossem relegados a meras promessas. O direito à saúde está dentre aqueles que o legislador constitucional se debruçou com maior preocupação, não se limitando a outorgá-lo como um direito subjetivo público, mas foi além, organizou um sistema único através de rede regionalizada e hierarquizada, envolvendo todos os entes políticos da federação e a sociedade como responsáveis por sua implementação. Este trabalho parte da premissa da saúde como direito subjetivo público, viabilizando, dessa forma, a sua tutela jurisdicional. Inclusive, sob esse prisma, o preâmbulo do pacto que instituiu a Organização Mundial de Saúde concebe a saúde como o estado completo de bem-estar físico, mental e social, obrigando ao Estado Brasileiro assegurar aos seus cidadãos todos os meios para a preservação ou restabelecimento da saúde. No entanto, a Constituição Federal de 1988 franqueou à iniciativa privada participar do sistema de saúde, tanto em sua forma complementar, atuando junto ao sistema público de saúde, através de celebração de contrato público ou convênio com a Administração, quanto de maneira suplementar, através de serviços privados prestados por intermédio da contratação de operadoras de planos de saúde, pacto este que deve ser analisado sob a perspectiva de outro direito fundamental, assim eleito pela Carta de 1988, o direito do consumidor. Dessa forma, é indispensável estabelecer a distinção existente entre as formas pública e privada do exercício ao direito à saúde, através de harmonização entre os princípios da dignidade humana e do direito à saúde com outros preceitos constitucionais como aqueles que consagram a autonomia privada, a segurança jurídica, a propriedade, a livre-iniciativa, a separação de poderes, dentre outros. Essa tarefa interpretativa com a análise de suas diversas técnicas permite extrair do ordenamento vigente a conformação entre as regras e princípios que estabelecem os limites de cada relação jurídica, pública e privada, demonstrando indevida a intervenção do Judiciário em searas afetas ao legislador

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-08-23T14:58:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 William Weber Dias_.pdf: 1578869 bytes, checksum: 3e91f879918babd4691cb86767895783 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-23T14:58:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 William Weber Dias_.pdf: 1578869 bytes, checksum: 3e91f879918babd4691cb86767895783 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-01 / Nenhuma / Este trabalho buscou compreender o processo de legitimação da maconha no Uruguai. Pela primeira vez um país legaliza todos os setores do mercado de cannabis. Baseado em estudos semelhantes como a legitimação dos cassinos de apostas americanos e a mudança no mercado fonográfico com o download de musicas, o estudo segue a linha dos principais estudos de legitimação e se baseia nos pilares da teoria institucional para analisar o processo de legitimação do mercado. Com uma abordagem exploratória, a pesquisa iniciou em um processo de desk research e análise dos discursos midiáticos e em sua segunda etapa em campo buscou inspiração na pesquisa etnográfica onde foram realizadas entrevistas informais, diários de campo, observações e entrevistas qualitativas semi-estruturadas. O processo de análise e coleta de dados levou em consideração todos os atores oficiais envolvidos no novo mercado. Os resultados demonstraram um mercado com mudanças após a aprovação da lei de legalização. Com pouco mais de 2 anos de mercado legalizado, existe uma certa maturidade no mercado e competidores se diferenciando por qualidade e distribuição. No âmbito dos consumidores, esses possuem ritos de consumo e práticas estabelecidas mesmo antes da legalização, o que indica uma legitimação em processo anterior a mudança outorgada pelo presidente uruguaio Pepe Mujica. O estudo ainda abre possibilidade para outras formas de legitimação e discute com trabalhos de mesma lente teórica as diferenças e semelhanças na legitimação. Existem oportunidades de complementação já que não foram abordados temas como o narcotráfico e os malefícios que esse novo mercado pode trazer a sociedade. Os resultados apresentados são interessantes para os cidadãos uruguaios como também para demais países que buscam uma legalização em diversos mercados. Aos empreendedores e sonhadores que por vezes vislumbram a criação de um novo mercado ou lançamento de um produto. / This study intends to understand the process of legitimation of marijuana in Uruguay. For the first time a country legalizes all cannabis market sectors. Based on similar studies as the legitimation of American casinos and the change in the music industry with downloads, the study follows the line of the main studies of legitimation and is based on institutional theory to analyze the market legitimation process . With an exploratory approach, this research began in a process of desk research and analysis of media discourse and its second stage sought inspiration in ethnographic research which were conducted informal interviews, daily field, observations and semi-structured interviews. The process of analysis and data collection took into account all the official players involved in the new market. The results showed a market with changes after the approval of the legalization law. With just over two years of legalized market, there is a certain maturity in the market and competitors by differentiating quality and distribution. About consumers, these have consumption rites and practices established even before legalization, which indicates a legitimisation in previous process change granted by Uruguay's President Pepe Mujica. The study also opens the possibility for other forms of legitimation and discusses with work as a theoretical lens differences and similarities in legitimation. There are complementary opportunities as they were not addressed issues such as drug trafficking and the dangers that this new market can bring to society. The results are interesting for Uruguayan citizens but also for other countries seeking legalization in several markets. Entrepreneurs and dreamers who sometimes dream with the creation of a new market or launching a product.

地方自制為民主憲政的基礎，由於民主政治並非一蹴可幾，而是漸進、累 積的結果，地方自治正提供了一個參與與學習的機會。無論是個人民主素 養之培養或國家社會民主化之推動均有賴於地方自治。晚近，復鑑於環保 ，都市、教育及消費者方面爆發嚴重問題，非中央所能獨自解決，更顯示 出地方自治之重要性。我國地方自治深富憲政性，憲法第十章「中央與地 方之權限」及第十一章「地方制度」之規定即係對地方自治之設計。民國 三十六年憲法頒行後，我國地方自治本應依憲法規定實施，唯不久政府即 播遷台灣，國家處於非常時期，所以現行台灣地區地方自治之實施多係以 行政命令為基礎，與憲法規定不符；地方自治法制化的問題事實上自民國 三十九年台灣地區開始實施地方自治起即已存在。隨著時間的遞移，人民 自由權利伸張，對民主層次之要求也日益提高。加以解嚴後，我國社會、 政治、經濟變化極大，地方自治法制化之呼聲遂與時俱增。在這時代的轉 捩點上，地方自治法制化的方向實關係國家政治、社會未來的發展。本研 究乃首先釐清地方自治的意義、探討其特質及功能，繼而介紹我國地方自 治制度發展的沿革，以建立對歷史脈胳的瞭解，接著討論地方自治法制化 問題存在的原因及背景及其所引發的其它相關問題，試圖找出關鍵所在， 進一步對各方所提法制化的途徑（包括政府所採行之方案）予以歸納、整 理分析、評估，並提出作者之建議，冀能為健全地方自治發展奠立良好的 法制基礎，使我國在改革中能轉型成功，為民主政治立下萬年根基。

Submitted by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-22T12:45:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissRAA.pdf: 2243702 bytes, checksum: 470cad0026ded91bc0e57998aa2b45b5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-22T12:45:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissRAA.pdf: 2243702 bytes, checksum: 470cad0026ded91bc0e57998aa2b45b5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-22T12:45:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissRAA.pdf: 2243702 bytes, checksum: 470cad0026ded91bc0e57998aa2b45b5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-22T12:45:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissRAA.pdf: 2243702 bytes, checksum: 470cad0026ded91bc0e57998aa2b45b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Community forest management (CFM), the planned and rational use of forest resources by traditional communities and family farmers, is regarded as one of the strategies to tackle deforestation in the Amazon region. Even with challenges, community associations in the region seek to approve "Sustainable Forest Management Plans" (SFMP), a document required in the first stage of CFM. Assuming that the process of obtaining the SFMP occurs in a "strategic action field" (SAF) (FLIGSTEIN; McADAM, 2011), this work performed two study cases (YIN, 2001) from processes conducted by community associations in the municipality of Lábrea in the State of Amazonas. A strategic action field (SAF) is a “socially constructed arena in which actors with varying resources endowments vie for advantages to achieve their objectives” (FLIGSTEIN, McADAM, 2011). Through the "theoretical lens" of the SAF approach, we sought to understand the elements that influenced the contrasting results obtained in the action: a successful one, with the approval of a SFMP; and an unsuccessful one. Our main objective was to analyze and compare these two processes and, specifically, we proposed to: (a) analyze the influence of other fields and the State; (b) identify incumbent and challengers actors; (c) identify resources and social skill. The case studies had an exploratory and longitudinal orientation. Data were collected through participatory observation; document analysis, and semi-structured interviews, the latter being the main data source. Twenty six people among governmental, nongovernmental and actors from the associations aforementioned were interviewed between 2015 and 2017. The theoretical approach of SAF was used as a guideline for data analysis. We argue that the field under analysis is the subfield of timber production in Lábrea, part of an economic field in transformation, and influenced by an emerging environmental field. Thus, we understand that the processes were influenced by three main elements: the presence of internal governance structures; socially skilled actors; and networks. We understand that the situation of the field and the presence of governance structures enabled the action of socially skilled actors in the successful case; and the absence of governance structures in the unsuccessful one left the process vulnerable to the performance of socially skilled actors in the opposite direction of timber production legalization. We suggest the analysis of the genesis of CFM and a network study as a complementary analysis. / O manejo florestal comunitário e familiar (MFCF), isto é, a exploração planejada e racional dos recursos florestais por comunidades tradicionais e agricultores familiares, é tido como uma das estratégias contra o desmatamento na Amazônia. Mesmo apresentando uma série de desafios, diversas associações comunitárias da região vêm buscando a aprovação de “Planos de Manejo Florestal Sustentável” (PMFS), documento exigido na primeira etapa do MFCF. Assumindo a ocorrência dos processos de obtenção de um PMFS em um campo de ação estratégica (CAE), no presente trabalho desenvolvemos dois estudos de caso (YIN, 2001), a partir dos processos conduzidos por associações comunitárias de Lábrea (AM). Um CAE é “uma arena socialmente construída onde os atores, dotados de diferentes recursos, disputam por vantagens para alcançar os seus objetivos” (FLIGSTEIN; McADAM, 2011). Através das “lentes teóricas” dessa abordagem, buscamos compreender os elementos que influenciaram os resultados contrastantes obtidos na ação: uma exitosa, com um PMFS aprovado; e outra não exitosa. Assim, nosso objetivo foi analisar e comparar os processos e, especificamente, nos propusemos a: (a) analisar a influência de outros campos e do Estado; (b) identificar os atores incumbentes e desafiantes; (c) identificar os recursos e a habilidade social. Os estudos de caso tiveram caráter exploratório e orientação longitudinal. Coletamos os dados através de observação participante; análise documental, e entrevistas semiestruturadas, sendo esta última a principal fonte de dados. Entrevistamos 26 pessoas, dentre atores governamentais, não governamentais e das associações em questão, entre 2015 e 2017. Utilizamos a abordagem teórica de CAEs como orientadora da análise dos dados, relacionando-os aos seus principais conceitos. Argumentamos que o campo em análise trata-se do sub-campo da produção madeireira em Lábrea, parte de um campo econômico em transformação, e influenciado por um campo ambiental emergente. Argumentamos que os processos foram influenciados por três elementos principais: a presença de estruturas de governança; de atores socialmente hábeis; e as redes. Entendemos que a situação do campo e a presença de estruturas de governança, possibilitou a ação de atores socialmente hábeis no caso exitoso; e a inexistência de estruturas de governança, no caso não exitoso, deixou a iniciativa vulnerável à atuação de atores socialmente hábeis de forma oposta à legalização da produção madeireira. Sugerimos a análise da gênese do MFCF e um estudo de redes como análises complementares.