Esta pesquisa inscreveu-se no campo da Saúde Mental Relacionada ao Trabalho (SMRT). Intencionou investigar a relação entre o desgaste mental em mulheres motoristas de ônibus da cidade de São Paulo e a questão de gênero, ou seja, tendo como base a Teoria do Desgaste Mental, proposta por Edith Seligmann-Silva, pretendeu compreender as possíveis influências do gênero e de suas relações no processo de desgaste mental no trabalho. A metodologia foi qualitativa e se dividiu em etapas. A primeira consistiu em um período de observação do trabalho dessas motoristas. Na segunda foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas, para que fosse possível acompanhar e compreender a organização do trabalho das motoristas, além de destacar os significados atribuídos ao trabalho e às relações de gênero vivenciadas e os impactos disso no processo de desgaste mental. Concluímos que os processos de desgaste das mulheres trabalhadoras do transporte têm particularidades que envolvem as questões de gênero. A estrutura física dos ônibus e terminais, a organização das linhas e as relações de trabalho afetam as mulheres e sua saúde de forma particular. A divisão sexual do trabalho e a conciliação entre trabalho doméstico e trabalho assalariado mostraram-se como um desafio para essas mulheres. Finalmente, o modo como elas veem a si mesmas e as outras mulheres também se mostrou como um fator central no processo saúde-doença / The main purpose of this research was to investigate the relation between mental strain in female bus drivers of São Paulo and gender. The theoretical support is Edith Seligmann-Silvas Mental Strain Theory. It intended to understand the possible influences of gender and their relations in the process of mental strain at work. The methodology is qualitative and is divided into stages. The first consisted of observation of the daily work of these drivers. The second part was the semi-structured interviews. It was possible to understand the works organization of the drivers, besides highlighting the ways the signify their work and the gender relations in it, to understand their consequences in the process of mental exhaustion. The conclusion was the mental strain processes contains specificities related to gender issues. The structure of bus stops and vehicles, the routes organizations and relations in work environment, impact women health in a particular way. The sexual division of labor and the conciliation of house work and labor are a challenge to these women. Finally, the way they see themselves and other women is also central to the mental health process

Aim: The aim of the study was to analyse the psychosocial factors in work- and private life and its correlation with various stress-related symptoms and ill health among employees at a faculty at the Linnaeus University. The goal was also to analyze whether there was a gender difference in these health parameters associated with a difference in psychosocial work and home conditions between women and men. Method: Data were collected through a questionnaire were the responders answered questions about demand, control and social support which emanated from Karasek's demand control model. Their professional position was determined by their pay-and educational level in accordance with the theory of the social gradient of health. Stress was measured using "SCGP scale" and mental illness with the help of the ”General Health Qestionnarie.” Two regression analyses were conducted, the first to analyze the correlation between psychosocial factors and stress-related symptoms and the other to analyze the correlation between psychosocial factors and mental ilness. Results: High demand, low control, low social support and lower professional position had a strong relationship (p<0,000)  with both stress-related symptoms ( R = 0,49) and mental illness ( R = 0,56) even after controlling for confounders.The strongest own relationship (when the overlap effects between different variables was taken into account) were found between high demands and stress-related symptoms (standardized beta 0.35) and high demands and mental illness (standardized beta 0.38). Conclusion: Due to the cross-sectional nature of the study causal inferences cannot be made. However the results showed that high demand, low control and low social support together had a strong correlation with stress-related ill-health. Furthermore, the study showed no gender differences in the psychosocial factors which is a likely explanation for the fact that there was no difference between men and women in neither stress related symptoms or mental illness. This is an important and positive finding because of the fact that the result indicates that differences in health between men and women is reduced when they have equal opportunities in work and private life. / Mål: Målet med studien var att analysera psykosociala faktorer i arbets- och privatliv och dess samband med stressrelaterad ohälsa bland de anställda på en fakultet vid Linnéuniversitetet. Målet var även att analysera huruvida det fanns en könskillnad i dessa hälsoparametrar kopplad till en skillnad i psykosociala förutsättningar mellan kvinnor och män. Metod: Data samlades in via en enkätstudie där de anställda fick svara på frågor kring krav, kontroll och socialt stöd vilka utgick från Karasek´s krav kontroll modell. Individernas plats i yrkeshierarkin avgjordes av deras lön samt utbildningsnivå i enlighet med teorin kring hälsans sociala gradient. De frågor som berörde hemarbete utgick ifrån tidigare forskning på området. Stress mättes med hjälp av ”SCGP scale”, en skala som mäter olika stressrelaterade symtom och psykisk ohälsa mättes med hjälp av ”General Health Qestionnarie”. Två regressionsanalyser genomfördes, den första regressionen analyserade samband mellan psykosociala faktorer och stressrelaterade symtom och den andra regressionen analyserade samband mellan psykosociala faktorer och psykisk ohälsa. Resultat: Höga krav, låg kontroll, lågt socialt stöd samt lägre yrkesposition hade tillsammans ett starkt samband, (p <0,001) med både stressrelaterade symtom (R = 0,49) och psykisk ohälsa (R = 0,56), även efter kontroll för confounders. Det starkaste egna sambandet (när överlappningseffekter mellan olika variabler tagits hänsyn till) återfanns mellan höga krav och stressrelaterade symtom (standardiserad beta 0,35) respektive höga krav och psykisk ohälsa (standardiserad beta 0,38). Konklusion: Resultatet visade att höga krav, låg kontroll, lågt socialt stöd samt lägre plats i yrkeshierarkin tillsammans hade ett starkt samband med stressrelaterade symtom samt psykisk ohälsa. På grund av studiens tvärsnittsdesign kan dock inte orsak och verkan säkerställas. Vidare visade studien inga könsskillnader i ovannämnda psykosociala faktorer vilket är en trolig förklaring till att det inte heller fanns någon skillnad mellan kvinnor och män i stressrelaterade symtom samt psykisk ohälsa. Detta är ett viktigt och positivt fynd då resultatet indikerar på att skillnader i ohälsa mellan kvinnor och män går att utjämna genom att skapa lika förutsättningar i arbets- och privatliv.

Internationale und europäische Normen (DIN EN ISO 9241-2: 2006; DIN EN ISO 614-2: 2000) fordern die Einhaltung von “Merkmalen gut gestalteter Aufgaben” bei der Tätigkeitsgestaltung. Die Gültigkeit dieser Normen wurde allerdings für Arbeitstätigkeiten mit Klienten- oder Kundeninteraktion – etwa 70 Prozent aller Arbeitstätigkeiten in der Bundesrepublik (Statistisches Bundesamt, 2005) noch nicht nachgewiesen. Exemplarisch wurden daher die Arbeitstätigkeiten von knapp 500 Beschäftigten in verschiedenen Branchen und Unternehmensgrößen des Einzelhandels mittels bedingungs- und personenbezogener Verfahren untersucht. Die statistische Auswertung bestand im Vergleich unterschiedlich „gut gestalteter“ Einzelhandelstätigkeiten in Bezug auf wahrgenommene Tätigkeitsmerkmale und erlebte psychische Beanspruchungsfolgen. Die Ergebnisse empfehlen die Anwendung der Normen zu „Merkmalen gut gestalteter Aufgaben“ auch für Einzelhandelstätigkeiten, wobei Modifikationen der Normmerkmale – insbesondere des Kernmerkmals „Ganzheitlichkeit“ vs. „Fragmentierung“ – erforderlich sind.

In recent years, the interest in mental strain has increased, mainly due to the increasing demands of the individual professions. The consequences of mental strain can also influence private life, so it is important to solve such situation. The diploma thesis deals with the psychological burden of the employees in a private company that produces CNC machine parts. The aim was to find out what the level of mental strain on all employees of the company is, using the method of quantitative and qualitative research. Three research questions have been identified. I have examined whether the demographic factors of the worker, the physical factors in the working environment and the way of rest after work affect the psychological burden. The investigation was carried out using three hypotheses. I assumed that a significant level of psychological burden would be present in relation to the age and that it would also vary by gender. I also expected that the differences in the level of psychological burden would be present depending on the length of the years worked in the company. A qualitative survey was conducted using sixteen open questions in a semi-structured interview. The results were divided into eleven categories and there was a mind map created for each of them. For better understanding of the mind maps, the data was extended by quantitative questionnaire research, which was implemented using standardized CBI questionnaires (Copenhagen Burnout Inventory) and the Meister questionnaire. Questionnaire survey was carried out at each workplace of the surveyed company. The data were processed statistically and graphically. Mixed research has not shown a significant level of mental strain on company employees. When compared the ratio of mental strain in relation to gender, it has shown that the strain on both men and women is the same. The length of employment in the company has not reflected into increased rates of mental strain.

Internationale und europäische Normen (DIN EN ISO 9241-2: 2006; DIN EN ISO 614-2: 2000) fordern die Einhaltung von “Merkmalen gut gestalteter Aufgaben” bei der Tätigkeitsgestaltung. Die Gültigkeit dieser Normen wurde allerdings für Arbeitstätigkeiten mit Klienten- oder Kundeninteraktion – etwa 70 Prozent aller Arbeitstätigkeiten in der Bundesrepublik (Statistisches Bundesamt, 2005) noch nicht nachgewiesen. Exemplarisch wurden daher die Arbeitstätigkeiten von knapp 500 Beschäftigten in verschiedenen Branchen und Unternehmensgrößen des Einzelhandels mittels bedingungs- und personenbezogener Verfahren untersucht. Die statistische Auswertung bestand im Vergleich unterschiedlich „gut gestalteter“ Einzelhandelstätigkeiten in Bezug auf wahrgenommene Tätigkeitsmerkmale und erlebte psychische Beanspruchungsfolgen. Die Ergebnisse empfehlen die Anwendung der Normen zu „Merkmalen gut gestalteter Aufgaben“ auch für Einzelhandelstätigkeiten, wobei Modifikationen der Normmerkmale – insbesondere des Kernmerkmals „Ganzheitlichkeit“ vs. „Fragmentierung“ – erforderlich sind.

Brottsutredning av brott som begås i en nära relation innebär omfattande belastningar för utredarna som möter brottsutsatta och våldsutövare, granskar grafiskt material och samtidigt ska navigera sig inom en stor myndighet. Syftet med denna studie var att granska vilka belastningar som polisutredare upplever i sin yrkesutövning, vad som skyddar från belastningar och om det finns skyddsfaktorer som saknas. Dessa frågor besvarades genom intervjuers med sju utredare inom Brott i Nära Relation och en tematisk analys. Teorier om hanteringsmekanismer och systemteori har använts för att fördjupa förståelsen av det empiriska underlaget. Studien visade att de olika belastningarna kunde delas in i två fält. Det första fältet var yrkesrelaterade påfrestningar där påträngande insyn i människors liv och traumatiska berättelser var återkommande. Organisatoriska påfrestningar var det andra fältet och innefattade hög arbetsbelastning, personalbrist samt bristande förståelse från ledande aktörer inom myndigheten. Det kollegiala stödet och chefens inställning till medarbetarnas mentala hälsa var den skyddande faktor som frekvent återkom i samtliga intervjuer. Studien visade även att de skydd som erbjöds av arbetsgivaren ibland fungerade undermåligt, dels på grund av svårigheter att prioritera skydd, dels kollegors negativa inställning. Det lyftes även önskemål att skyddet skulle vara mer frekvent återkommande, och finnas i nämnare anslutning till arbetsplatsen. Slutligen önskade utredarna att ledande aktörer i myndigheten skulle få en ökad förståelse för arbetets påfrestande natur. / Investigating domestic violence entails substantial strain on the investigators that meet victims and perpetrators, reviews graphic material and simultaneously must navigate within a sizeable governmental authority. The aim of this study was to examine what strains the investigators experienced in their profession, what protective aspects where there and what protective measure was lacking. These questions were answered through interviews with seven domestic violence investigators and through thematic analysis. Theories of coping and systems theory was applied to expand the comprehension of the empirical foundation. The study showed that these strains could be separated into two factions. The first faction was strains related to the professional practice where invasive insight into people’s lives and traumatic reports where frequently occurring.  Organizational strains were the second faction and included a high workload, lack of staff and a dearth of understanding from the leaders in the authority. Support from colleagues and the closest manager’s attitude towards mental health in the employees was frequently brought up in the interviews as protective aspects. The study also showed that the protective aspects offered by the employer was deficient in some respects. This was in part because of difficulties in prioritizing the protection, and in part due to colleagues’ negative attitude towards these protections. The investigators expressed desires about how the protection could be more frequent and remain in a closer proximity to the workplace. Finally, the investigators coveted an increased understanding of the straining work from the employers.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:31:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiana Varela Vieira.pdf: 308951 bytes, checksum: c4ac98cbd135b94ddf18df65a54a8c54 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-13 / This research was supported by Socio-historical Psychology and aimed to: identify the causal link between the mental strain of the bank worker and labor relations; understand the existing relations between the moment of bank merger and the increase of workers who develop mental disorders and investigate the mental illness and the bank worker health care. From the Sociohistorical perspective, we consider the individual and the society, the subjectivity and the objectivity integrated and constituents of a whole, in constant dialectical and transformative relationship. Given this, we decided to develop a qualitative analysis using the Analysis Centers (Aguiar and Ozella, 2006) as a methodological option, to have the opportunity to examine the human and social phenomena in its dynamic process. The subjects of this study were bank employees who became ill and underwent merger process in the institutions where they worked. These subjects were invited to participate in the study at sites previously chosen, and secured ethical procedures, we conducted semi-structured interviews that were recorded. After the interviews were transcribed, grouped into pre-indicators and core indicators, which were analyzed according to the theoretical basis. Some categories were fundamental to the development of the research: subjectivity, work and identity. Because through them we can understand the individual inserted in its totality, belonging to a social environment and representative of his own characteristics, but changeable. The term "Subjective Dimension of Reality", coined by Furtado (2002), "Identity and Metamorphosis", studied by Ciampa (2005) and "Mental Strain" conceptualized by Seligmann-Silva (2011) are the basis for understanding the research. The workers who were interviewed present processes of de-identification caused by mental, physical and subjective strain. Through the research, we identified that there is a causal link between the working conditions lived by them and the mental strain occurred / A presente pesquisa foi fundamentada através da Psicologia Sócio- Histórica e teve como objetivos: identificar o nexo causal entre o desgaste mental do trabalhador bancário e as relações de trabalho; compreender as relações existentes entre o momento de fusão nos bancos e o aumento de trabalhadores que desenvolvem transtornos mentais e investigar o adoecimento mental e o atendimento ao trabalhador bancário. A partir da perspectiva Sócio-Histórica se consideram o indivíduo e a sociedade, a subjetividade e a objetividade integradas e constituintes de um todo, em constante relação dialética e transformadora. Diante disto, optamos por desenvolver uma análise qualitativa, utilizando a Análise de Núcleos (Aguiar e Ozella, 2006) como opção metodológica, por esta oferecer a possibilidade de analisar os fenômenos humanos e sociais em seu processo dinâmico. Os sujeitos dessa pesquisa foram trabalhadores bancários que adoeceram e passaram por processo de fusão nas instituições que possuíam vínculo. Estes sujeitos foram convidados a participar da pesquisa, em locais previamente escolhidos, e garantidos os procedimentos éticos, realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas que foram gravadas. Depois, as entrevistas foram transcritas, agrupadas em pré - indicadores, indicadores e núcleos, que foram analisados de acordo com a base teórica. Algumas categorias foram fundamentais para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa: subjetividade, trabalho e identidade, pois, através delas, pode-se compreender o indivíduo inserido em sua totalidade, pertencente a um meio social e representante de características próprias, mas mutáveis. Os Termos Dimensão Subjetiva da Realidade , cunhado por Furtado (2002), Identidade como Metamorfose , estudado por Ciampa (2005) e Desgaste Mental conceituado por Seligmann-Silva (2011) são a base para a compreensão da pesquisa. Os trabalhadores entrevistados apresentam processos de desidentidade causados por desgaste mental, físico e subjetivo. Através da pesquisa, pudemos identificar que existe nexo causal entre as condições de trabalho por eles vivida e o desgaste mental ocorrido

This diploma thesis deals with workload of social service workers in special regime homes. The aim of this paper is to chart the factors influencing workload of social service workers in special regime homes. The main research question asked is: How do social service workers in special regime homes perceive their workload subjectively? The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and a research part. The theoretical part is divided into five chapters which are based on professional literature. The chapters contain a detailed description of the profession of social service workers including professional qualifications together with the definition of the social service - special regime home. The term strain is defined and divided into workload, mental strain and physical strain in the following chapter together with a mention of the term work-life balance in connection with this topic. The subsequent chapter is dedicated to prevention of inception of strain, more precisely to supervision and mental health hygiene. The last chapter deals in detail with occupational burnout. The research part contains the specifications of the aim of the thesis, of the main research question and of five research sub-questions which have been based on the main one. The data have been collected by means of qualitative research, survey methodology and the semi-structured interview method. A specific special regime home in the Vysočina region has been selected for the purposes of this research. The nine participants in the research are social service workers who have been employed at the facility for a minimum of one year. The research was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, a preliminary research was done to serve as a base for adjusting the research questions. The actual research was realised in the next phase. The acquired data were processed using the clustering method and evaluated subsequently. The evaluated data are ordered in relation to the research questions. The social service workers cope with the workload well. They consider their work to be not only physically but also substantially mentally demanding. Manipulating with bedridden clients is viewed as the most physically challenging operation by the facility workers. The most mentally challenging situations for them are the decease of clients, incessant explaining, dealing with clients, etc. The workers experience stressful situations with clients, however more frequently with clients' families as well. The most common work-related health problems of the workers at the facility are backaches. The results of this diploma thesis can serve the selected special regime home in the Vysočina region or as a study material to the lay and professional public.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FABIANO GALBIATTI.pdf: 953117 bytes, checksum: 46929cc6b53b293c05e9beb393178beb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-26 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / This dissertation, situated in the line of Research and Prevention Psychological Intervention from the Graduate Program stricto sensu of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, intends to investigate the ?power to act? in workers of the Social Assistance Specialized Reference Center (CREAS). For this purpose, a brief historical review of social assistance policies was produced in order to understand the current scenario, marked by neoliberal reforms. The study, from an ethnographic inspiration, there was basically through three stages. At first, the researcher followed meetings with the CREAS team. For each meeting it was developed a Field Diary. In the second, the researcher conducted reflexive interviews with four workers. The third and last, was developed the interpretation, analysis and discussion of the collected material in the previous steps. This process revealed the constant changes that the work in public service suffers according to Social Assistance policies in the municipality and its relationship with neoliberal processes in the broadest sense. If, on the one hand, despite this context, the workers have the capacity to also turn on and organize their activities, giving new meanings, collectively, on the other, it was observed that the mental strain is present in their daily lives. It seems to be associated to the numerous impediments to the realization of the work activity raised by management, as well as the workload related to the nature of services to families who have suffered violations of their rights. To handle these situations, the workers take more individual tactics rather than a collective organization. / A presente disserta??o, situada na linha de Pesquisa Preven??o e Interven??o Psicol?gica do Programa de P?s-gradua??o Stricto Sensu da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, busca investigar o poder de agir de trabalhadoras do Centro de Refer?ncia Especializado de Assist?ncia Social (CREAS) de um munic?pio do interior do estado de S?o Paulo. Para tanto, realizou-se um breve resgate hist?rico das pol?ticas de assist?ncia social, a fim de entender o atual cen?rio, marcado pelas reformas neoliberais. O estudo, de inspira??o etnogr?fica, deu-se, basicamente, atrav?s de tr?s etapas. Na primeira, o pesquisador acompanhou reuni?es junto ? equipe do CREAS. Para cada reuni?o foi desenvolvido um Di?rio de Campo. Na segunda, o pesquisador realizou entrevistas reflexivas com quatro trabalhadoras. Na terceira e ?ltima, realizou-se a interpreta??o, an?lise e discuss?o do material levantado nas etapas anteriores. Este processo revelou as constantes mudan?as que o trabalho nesse servi?o p?blico sofre de acordo com as pol?ticas de Assist?ncia Social no munic?pio e sua rela??o com processos neoliberais mais amplos. Se, por um lado, apesar desse contexto, as trabalhadoras possuem relativa capacidade de tamb?m transformar e organizar suas atividades, atribuindo novos sentidos, coletivamente, por outro, observou-se que o desgaste mental est? presente no seu cotidiano. Ele parece estar associado aos in?meros impedimentos para a realiza??o da atividade de trabalho colocados pela gest?o, bem como pela carga de trabalho relacionada ? natureza do atendimento a fam?lias que sofreram viola??es de seus direitos. Para lidar com essas situa??es, as trabalhadoras se valem mais de t?ticas individuais do que de uma organiza??o coletiva.