This is a study of the novel Mes mauvaises pensées (2005) by the French writer Nina Bouraoui. I use an intertextual comparative method, where I read the novel against three intertexts: Marie Cardinal Les mots pour le dire (1975), the David Lynch movie Mulholland Drive (2001) and novels and photographies by Hervé Guibert. Main focus is on the relation between body and language. Using the psychoanalytic theories by Julia Kristeva I examine the melancholy of the narrator in Mes mauvaises pensées. The melancholic subject mourns a Thing which is the unrepresentable archaic mother. Melancholy is connected to the notion of exile; the subject belongs to a lost place in the past which it is still holding on to. The narrator of Mes mauvaises pensées is still living in her childhood, even though she is a grown up woman. I show how the place from where she speaks is the child. The female body and the female sexuality are not represented in the text, there is a missing link between the female body and it’s representation in language – in the symbolic order. According to Kristeva the melancholic denies the loss of the Thing – in the end the mother – and clings to the unrepresentable void. By realizing and acknowledging the loss one can reconstruct the bond to the archaic mother in language. Bouraoui’s failure in writing the feminine into the text is interesting because it puts lights on the conditions of writing the body for women. The theory of l’écriture féminine is an inspiration for the analyses and I contrast it to Judith Butler’s idea of gender performativity. There is a conflict in what constitutes gender and sex between psychoanalysis and queer theory, which is also found in the narrator in Bouraoui’s novel – trying to create herself through pure performativity she never succeeds to act independently of the mother and the female body.

The overarching goal of this research is to explicate the implications of hip hop artists sampling Nina Simone's music in their work. By regarding Simone as a critical social theorist in her own right, one can hear the ways that hip hop artists are mobilizing her tradition of socially active self-definition from the Civil Rights/Black Power era(s) in the post-2000 United States. By examining both the lyrics and the instrumental compositions of Lil Wayne, Juelz Santana, Common, Tony Moon, Talib Kweli, Mary J. Blige and Will.I.Am, G-Unit and Timbaland, and bearing in mind the intersecting oppressions of race, class, gender, and sexuality, this study concludes that the way that these artists employ Simone's recorded voice in their works oftentimes corresponds to the degree to which they retain her figurative message. While many would assume that these tendencies would correspond with the subgenres of "mainstream" and "conscious" hip hop, in fact the fluidity and complexity of these artists' positions in subgenre refutes this essentialist notion. By engaging in an intersectional analysis of the political and personal implications of hip hop sampling, this essay provides a critical interpretation of the ways the cultural products of the "Civil Rights era" still operate in contemporary U.S. society. These operations are integral to the human rights struggle in which we are all still very much engaged.

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This essay aims to investigate representation and diversity in novels used in the English teaching inupper secondary school, and whether teachers take representation into account when choosing whatnovels to work with. A web survey was used to ask 71 teachers of English open questions regardingwhat novels they use in their teaching and why. The results demonstrate that the majority of the usednovels depict normative protagonists and settings, although there is some diversity and representationof different genders, races, ages, abilities and settings. It is also shown in the results that the majorityof the responding teachers do not think about representation when choosing what novels to workwith, while some respondents do indicate that they take aspects of representation into account. Theresults are discussed by drawing on ideas about representation, diversity and an intersectional genderpedagogy from Rudine Sims Bishop and Nina Lykke. / Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka representation och mångfald i romaner som används iengelskundervisning i gymnasiet, samt om lärare har representation i åtanke när de väljer vilkaromaner de skall arbeta med. En webbenkät användes för att fråga 71 engelsklärare öppna frågorangående vilka romaner de arbetar med och varför. Resultatet visar att en majoritet av användaromaner skildrar normativa protagonister och miljöer, även att det finns viss mångfald ochrepresentation av olika kön, etniska tillhörigheter, åldrar, funktionsvariationer och miljöer. Det visarsig även i resultatet att majoriteten av responderande lärare inte har representation i åtanke när deväljer vilka romaner de skall arbeta med, medan några respondenter indikerar att de tar hänsyn tillaspekter av representation. Resultaten diskuteras med hjälp av idéer om representation, diversitet ochintersektionell genuspedagogik från Rudine Sims Bishop och Nina Lykke.

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This thesis, situated in the context of francophone and maghrebian postcolonial studies, examines the impact of identity discourses on the protagonists’ subjectivity in Assia Djebar’s La Femme sans sépulture (2002) and La Disparition de la langue française (2003) and Nina Bouraoui’s Garçon manqué (2000) and Mes mauvaises pensées (2005). These novels draw a parallel between two historically connected spaces, France and Algeria, and periods,  the years of the Algerian war of independence and the rise of Islamists in 1990s  Algeria. The movement between the two spaces and periods constitutes in a literal and figurative sense a third space that contributes to the protagonist’s hybridisation. Hybridity is analysed as a narrative and discursive strategy that subverts and recodifies different identity dis­courses that transmit normative ideas about cultural, ethnic and gendered belonging. Hybridity is also shown in the literary genre. By connecting the past and the present through individual and collective reminiscence, the four novels reinterpret history while transgressing the frontiers of classical genres: the fictional, the testimonial and the autobiographical intertwine with the historiographical. Through the character of the narrator-cineaste and the story of Zoulikha, Assia Djebar reconstitutes in La Femme sans sépulture her own heritage and that of the interviewed women which is associated with Luce Irigaray’s theory of feminine genealogy as a model of identification. The languages’ different transcultural influences are shown in La Disparition de la langue française in the light of Homi Bhabha’s theory of cultural translation. Bouraoui’s fiction shows more radically than Djebar’s the body as a surface of cultural inscription, determined by ethnic and gendered norms. To emphasize the sociocultural dimension of the Bouraouian protagonist’s problems of identity the analysis uses Judith Butler’s theories about the performativity, the recognition and the melancholy of gender. In the four novels the return to one’s origins remains an illusion. The only place where the protagonists can negotiate and express their hybrid subjectivity is constituted in and through their writing. / Cette thèse, située dans le contexte des études francophones maghrébines et postcoloniales, analyse l’impact des discours identitaires sur la subjectivité des protagonistes dans La Femme sans sépulture (2002) et La Disparition de la langue française (2003) d’Assia Djebar, et dans Garçon manqué (2000) et Mes mauvaises pensées (2005) de Nina Bouraoui. Ces romans  mettent en parallèle deux espaces historiquement liés, la France et l’Algérie, et deux périodes, le temps de la guerre d’indépendance algérienne et les années 1990 avec la montée des islamistes en Algérie. Le mouvement entre les deux espaces et temps constitue au sens littéral et au sens figuré un tiers espace, qui contribue à l’hybridation des protagonistes. L’hybridité est analysée comme une stratégie narrative et discursive qui subvertit et récodifie différents discours identitaires véhiculant des idées normatives concernant l’appartenance culturelle, ethnique et genrée des protagonistes. L’hybridation se reflète également dans le genre littéraire. À travers la remémoration individuelle et collective des événements passés mis en rapport avec le présent, les quatre romans donnent une nouvelle signification à l’Histoire en transgressant les frontières entre les genres classiques : le fictionnel, le témoignage et l’autobiographique s’inscrivent dans l’historiographique. Moyennant le personnage de la narratrice-cinéaste et l’histoire de Zoulikha, Djebar reconstitue dans La Femme sans sépulture, son propre héritage et celle des femmes interviewées, ce qui est associé à la théorie de Luce Irigaray sur la généalogie féminine au sens d’un modèle d’identification. Les différentes influences transculturelles des langues sont éclairées dans La Disparition de la langue française à la lumière de la théorie de la traduction culturelle de Homi Bhabha. Bouraoui montre plus radicalement que Djebar le corps comme surface d’inscription culturelle gérée par des normes ethnicisantes et genrées. Pour souligner la dimension socioculturelle des problèmes identitaires de la protagoniste bouraouienne, les théories de Judith Butler concernant la performativité du genre, la reconnaissance et la mélancolie genrée sont utilisées. Le retour à l’origine reste dans les quatre romans illu­soire. Le seul lieu où les protagonistes puissent négocier et exprimer leur subjectivité hybride est constitué dans et à travers l’écriture.

This thesis, Birdpoetic Worlds: Sensing the more-than-human worlds through Nina Södergren’s bird poems, analyses a selection of poems by Swedish poet Nina Södergren (1924–2015) from the collection Högt ärade trana: Nya dikter och urval av tidigare poesi* (2012),  through the lens of ecocriticism and animism. The aim is to identify and explore how her bird poetics can function as an invitation to sense a relational experience and interconnectedness with the more-than-human world, especially through attentiveness. Examples of bird poetry by a small selection of different poets will be explored to provide a broader context of the genre. The analyses will be followed by reflections about going beyond the written human language, transitioning from reading to listening, immersing in nature’s soundscapes, and experiencing it attentively firsthand. It explores the different linguistic, poetic, and embodied approaches, and what these mean for interconnectedness will be discussed. The entrance point to the contextual review is The Bird Symphony by Nils Aslak Valkeapää. * Translated: Highly honored crane: New poems and a selection of earlier poetry. / Denna uppsats, Birdpoetic Worlds: Sensing the more-than-human worlds through Nina Södergren’s bird poems, analyserar ett urval av dikter av poeten Nina Södergren (1924–2015) från samlingen Högt ärade trana: Nya dikter och urval av tidigare poesi (2012), genom en ekokritisk och animistisk lins. Syftet är att identifiera och utforska hur hennes fågelpoetik kan fungera som en inbjudan att känna en relationell upplevelse och samhörighet med den mer-än-mänskliga världen, särskilt genom uppmärksamhet. Som en kort bakgrund presenteras exempel på fågelpoesi av olika poeter. Efter analysen finns en reflektion kring att gå bortom det litterära mänskliga språket, genom övergången från att läsa till att lyssna och fördjupa sig i naturens ljudlandskap, att uppmärksamt uppleva dem på egen hand. Den utforskar de olika språkliga, poetiska och förkroppsligade tillvägagångssätten och vad dessa betyder för samhörigheten diskuteras. Ingången till den kontextuella genomgången är Fågelsymfonin av Nils Aslak Valkeapää.

The Discourse of the Divine: Radical Traditions of Black Feminism, Musicking,and Myth within the Black Public Sphere (Civil Rights to the Present) is an exploration of the historical precursors and the contemporary developments of Black feminism in America, via Black female musical production and West and Central African cosmology. Historical continuity and consciousness of African spirituality within the development of Black feminism are analyzed alongside the musical practices of two Black female musicians, Nina Simone and Me’shell Ndegéocello. Simone and Ndegéocello, The High Priestess of Soul and the Mother of Neo-Soul, respectively, distend the commodified confines of Black music and identity by challenging the established norms of music and knowledge production. These artists’ lyrics, politics, and representations substantiate the “Signifyin(g)” elements of West and Central African feminist mythologies and music- making traditions. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2015 / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:32:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Reinaldo Miranda de Sousa.pdf: 22297904 bytes, checksum: de430b9cf13acd67b0627fe6da33e94e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of this is to analyze terras de preto within the state of Maranhão, more precisely within the municipal district of Nina Rodrigues region of Munim river s valley, and its focus being the settlement Balaiada and the village Amapá dos Catarinos and, with that, bring to history s stage questions until now hidden, related to these village s inhabitants, their strive for land and better conditions of survival and work. Also dealt with questions related to the land possessions within the state, to comprehend the context in which the municipal district object of the research is inserted. The literature research and other documents related to this segment of population, also as the testimonials of people of those villages, were meaningful to comprehend their history and contemporaneous strives for the ownership of lands where they inhabit. In this study we can notice the importance of identities construction as a fundamental element for the constitution of the territory / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar as terras de preto no Maranhão, mais precisamente no município de Nina Rodrigues, região do vale do rio Munim, tendo como foco principal o Assentamento Balaiada e o povoado Amapá dos Catarinos e, com isso, trazer para o palco da História questões até então pouco visíveis, relacionadas aos sujeitos que habitam esses povoados, suas lutas por terras e melhores condições de sobrevivência e trabalho. Trata-se também das questões fundiárias no estado, para assim se compreender o contexto no qual está inserido o município objeto da pesquisa. O levantamento da literatura e demais documentos relacionados a esse segmento da população, assim como os depoimentos dos sujeitos desses povoados, foi significativo para se compreenderem suas histórias e lutas contemporâneas pela posse das terras que ocupam. Nesse estudo, nota-se a importância da construção de identidades como elemento fundamental para a constituição do território