I det här arbetet undersöker vi hur retrotrenden påverkat digitala spel. Vi undersöker hur retro blivit en erkänd stil och varför den har blivit det. Vi undersöker dess koppling med nostalgi, hur nostalgi fungerar och varför man kan tänkas vilja använda sig av det när man ska utveckla ett digitalt spel. Retro är inte ett fenomen som är medie exklusivt till digitala spel, vi undersöker hur retro verkar i andra medier och hur medierna blandar retroelement med varandra. Det är inte ovanligt att samtida digitala spel influeras av retrospel eller rent av utvecklas i syfte att bli ett nyproducerat retrospel, detta är något som vi gestaltar i vår produktion av ett digitalt spel. Vi redogör i detta arbete hur vi gått tillväga när vi skapat ett spel som blandar gammalt och nytt. In this research thesis we examine how the retro trend has affected digital games. We investigate how retro has become a recognized style and why it has become so. We examine it's relationship with nostalgia, how nostalgia works and why you might want to use it when developing a digital game. Retro is not a phenomenon exclusive to digital games, we examine how retro appears in other media and how the media is mixing retro elements with each other. It is not uncommon for contemporary digital games too be influenced by retro games or to be developed as all newly produced retro games, this is something that we portray in our production of a digital game. In this paper we also explain how we proceeded when we created our digital game that mixes old with new.

This master thesis is concerned with nostalgia and the uses of nostalgia in Swedish politics. Nostalgia as a political tool has been used to great effect through out the western world in the last decades, with the most notable examples being for instance Donald Trump’s presidential campaign in the USA or the success of Brexit in the United Kingdom. The rising frequency of nostalgia in politics has led some scholars to suggest that we are living in the age of nostalgia. Despite this, and the fact that scholars from multiple disciplins agree that nostalgia is a tool not just used by populist parties, there are few studies regarding the use of nostalgia as a political tool in Sweden that does not solely focus on the use of nostalgia by said populist parties. This thesis therefore seeks to fill a knowledge gap and study the use of nostalgia by different parts of the Swedish political sphere. The source material examined in the study is the political commercials made by the eight different parties in the Swedish Parliament in the time period of 2010-2022. The research questions of the thesis concerns to which extent nostalgia is used in Swedish politics, how nostalgia appears in the political advertisement, which political messages it is loaded with and which role the use of nostalgia play in the political parties visions of the future. The thesis is divided into two parts, with the first part studying to which extent nostalgia is present in the source material. By using a qualitative content analys to gather the nostalgic allusions in the commercials, and by also dividing the allusions into aestethic and explicit nostalgia to show that nostalgia can also be present in the visual aspects of the commercials, the result of the study show that nostalgic allusions are present in commercials from all parties during the time period, although some parties use it more than others. The second part of the analysis focuses on the uses of nostalgia by three parties with different ideologies in the Swedish parliament, The Social Democrats, The Left Party and The Sweden Democrats. The analysis is done by analysing the uses of nostalgia in the three parties political commercials as uses of history. The results indicate that all three parties uses vague nostalgic uses of history as a way of looking back at a past that is a perfect snapshot of a golden age of society, in contrast to the chaotic present. The past thus becomes something we need to return to in order to change society for the better. It also shows that the three parties all seem to be nostalgic for the same vague time period in which the Swedish peoples home was strong, even though they have different views on what the peoples home actually constitutes.

This study is focused on some individuals' experience of the concept of culture in their everyday life. Some questions about culture were asked to some persons living in a small village in the isle of Gotland and some persons in the capital of Sweden, Stockholm, in the autumn in 2007 in a field study. The study showed that peopele tend to shape their own life world in the continuous activity in their near surroundings, in the garden and in reading literature and listening to music. There were some differences in the life world depending on where they lived,  in the country side or in town. Urban life has more offers as to popera and theatres but negatively more violence and stress. A study of literature on the ethnological concept of culture is included. The answers of the individuals also led to different topics such as nostalgia, mind, fear, feelings, body and soul which were enlightened by scientist from the respective fields.

Demokratiseringens tillbakagång i nutida Ryssland har väckt en rad frågor angående de olika orsaker som kan ha påverkat den. Ämnet är intressant eftersom Ryssland har varit på det spåret med demokratiseringen av landet och även försökt etablera demokratiska institutioner. Men det visade sig att efter Mikhail Gorbatjovs och Boris Jeltsins tid har demokratiseringen gått tillbaka i samband med Vladimir Putins ankomst till makten. Den nya presidenten införde en rad reformer inom politiken, men framförallt påverkade detta de mänskliga rättigheterna i landet. Syftet med detta arbete var att utöka förståelsen för den ryska politiken och den tillbakadragna demokratiseringen som drabbat landet, samt hitta samband med den tillbakadragna yttrandefriheten. För undersökningen har valts att fokusera på de olika orsakerna till demokratiseringens tillbakagång, sådana som nationalism, religiös fundamentalism, den auktoritära nostalgin och även den civila arenan som behandlar frågor om medborgarnas och ledarens attityder mot demokrati. Slutsatserna har påvisat att det finns ett starkt samband mellan den ökade nationalismen och fundamentalismen, och den yttrandefrihetens tillbakagång.

In the Swedish peasant society, the church was an important venue. In areas were the church in the parish was located nearby a lake, the easiest way to reach the church was by boat. This was the case in several parishes around the lake Siljan in the province Dalarna, which is the focal point of this study. The villages were large, and the villagers would organise themselves in large boats, so called church-boats. Due to technological innovations, as one important aspect, there were no longer any need for the church-boats at the time of the turn of the 20th century. Some decades into the new century the old boats were once again taken into use and new boats of the same type were taken into production. In 1936 an organized racing competition with church-boats was initiated, and this still lives on today. This study examines the contemporary customs surrounding church-boats on Siljan in the character of competition as well as journeys to the church. The main part of the material is collected through ethnological fieldwork, conducted through interviews and observation/participant-observation, supplemented with a wide range of other material such as internet sources as well as textual and visual material. Aspects that are highlighted is the different characters of the custom, how the custom today is expressed in relation to the past, how local identity is expressed through the custom and what role its performers see for the custom today and for the future. One aspect that is highlighted is the stagnated interest in the usage of the church-boats but narratives with a positive tone are given room as well. A crucial proposition of the study is how the custom in its era as revitalized cultural heritage is filled with new values. Its historical purpose is no longer of relevance and today the usage of the church-boats comes with other purposes such as a cultural historical interest, tourism and sport. It is also shown how changes and preservation both serves as necessary components for the further existence of the cultural heritage. Crucial theoretical frameworks that is used, apart from cultural heritage and revitalization, are performance and nostalgia.

Överkonsumtion är ett stort problem som växt fram som konsekvens av klimatförändringarna och samtidigt har medvetenheten kring hållbarhet ökat. Greenwashing har blivit allt vanligare samtidigt som storytelling förekommer oftare i reklamkampanjer. Den ökade medvetenheten om hållbarhet och de negativa aspekterna av en ohållbar konsumtion sätter krav på företagen. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur en stor samhällsaktör förstärker sin varumärkesidentitet och kommunicerar hållbarhet genom sina reklamkampanjer för att positionera sig på marknaden.  Analysens studiematerial består av två reklamkampanjer från Ikea Sverige vid namn Kretsloppet och Möbler som följer med när livet förändras. Kampanjerna innehåller varsin annons och reklamfilm som kommer att studeras för att uppnå syftet. Metoden som har tillämpats för att uppnå detta är en retorisk analys, där analysschemat som har utformats grundar sig i både retorik och visuell retorik. Studien stöds av teorierna varumärkesidentitet, positionering och nostalgi.  Resultaten av studien visar att Ikea Sverige använder storytelling och nostalgi i sina reklamkampanjer för att kommunicera hållbarhet och att alla analysobjekt grundar sig i samma budskap. Vidare visar analysen att reklamfilmerna spelar på pathosargument medan annonserna spelar på logosargument. Ytterligare resultat visar att reklamkampanjerna stärker företagets varumärkesidentitet. / Over-consumption is a major problem that has emerged because of climate change and at the same time the sustainability awareness has increased. Greenwashing has become more common and at the same time storytelling occurs more often in advertising campaigns. The increased awareness of sustainability and the negative aspects of an unsustainable consumption result in demands being placed against the companies. The research aim of the study is to investigate how a major societal actor strengthens its brand identity and communicate sustainability through its advertising campaigns to position itself on the market. The material of the analysis consists of two advertising campaigns from Ikea Sweden: Kretsloppet and Möbler som följer med när livet förändras. The campaigns each contain one advertisement and one commercial that will be analyzed to achieve the purpose. The study has been conducted by a rhetorical analysis and the analytical model used is designed based on both rhetoric and visual rhetoric. The study is supported by the theories brand identity, positioning and nostalgia. The results show that Ikea Sweden use both storytelling and nostalgia in their advertising campaigns to communicate sustainability and that all objects analyzed are based on the same message. Furthermore, the analysis show that the commercials are based on pathos while the advertisements are based on logos. The study also found that the advertising campaigns strengthen the company’s brand identity.

Vår samtid genomgår stora förändring i allt från digitalisering till klimatpåverkan och ett resultat av detta är vår längtan efter att få uppleva och ta del av innehåll som påminner oss om en svunnen tid. Nostalgiska inslag finns i många delar av vårt samhälle och denna uppsats undersöker hur ett tidigare decennium representeras i en samtida medieprodukt och bidrar till en nostalgisk upplevelse. Idag finns det en förkärlek till en 80-talsnostalgi vilket blir synligt i många nyproducerade filmer och serier. I uppsatsen analyseras hur man i serien Sex Education (2019-2020) har valt att representera 80-talet i en samtida kontext för att skapa en nostalgisk effekt hos mottagaren. Vidare blir effekten av att blanda ett nostalgiskt grepp (nostalgisk mise-en-scene, musik och genrerefenser) med ett nutidsgrepp (den moderna gestaltningen av tematiken) att dessa kontraster skapar en friktion som väcker tittarens intresse. I uppsatsen tillämpas kvalitativ filmanalys, baserad på en kategoriserande modell, på estetik och tematik i serien Sex Education. Syftet är påvisa seriens nostalgiska inslag och belysa hur de skapas. / Our present time is experiencing a major change in everything from digitalisation to climate change, and one result of this is our longing to experience and share content that reminds us of another time. Nostalgic elements can be seen in many parts of our society and this essay examines how a past decade is represented in a modern media product and the nostalgic experience it generates. Today, there is a love for '80s nostalgia, which becomes visible in many newly produced films and series. The thesis is based on analyzing how the series Sex Education (2019-2020) has chosen to represent the 80s in a contemporary context to create a nostalgic effect on the recipient. Furthermore, the effect of mixing a nostalgic grip (nostalgic mise-en-scene, music and genre references) with a contemporary grip (the modern form of the theme) is that it creates contrasts which causes a friction that arouses the viewer's interest. The thesis applies qualitative film analysis, based on a categorizing model, to aesthetics and themes in the series Sex Education. The purpose is to demonstrate the series' nostalgic features and highlight how they are created.

WEAVING PAST INTO PRESENT revolves around contradictory feelings towards, on the one hand, the lure of a mythic past, and on the other hand its absurdity and potential danger. This is done by stating that craft and weaving is inherently conservative, closely connected to nostalgia and claimed as something more authentic and pristine. In continuation used in the creation of an idealized and romanticized past generating a separation between an “us and them”. These problems are created by the main quest and question of this work, to weave the past into present and then ask; which past is woven into the present presence of the tapestries? The paper then continues to describe the methods and considerations used and made in this time-translation. Looking at the sketch and the collage as ways of materializing and enmeshing the transient flow of time through cacophonies of ephemera and threads. Concluding that I, just as the ones creating mythic pasts, am not weaving a past at all. But merely weaving a sketch trying to highlight the feeling and fear of loss apparent today in encountering the accelerated present, the eerie future, and the desirable progressive changes towards equality / WEAVING PAST INTO PRESENT rör sig kring motsägelsefulla känslor gentemot å ena sidan, lockelsen i ett mytiskt förflutet, och å andra sidan dess absurditet och potentiella fara. Detta görs genom att påstå att konsthantverk och vävning i sig är konservativt, nära kopplat till nostalgi och ansett som något mer autentiskt och ursprungligt. Fortsättningsvis används det i skapandet av ett idealiserat och romantiserat förflutet som skapar en separation mellan ett “vi och dom”. Dessa problem har uppstått tillsammans med arbetets huvudsakliga mål och frågeställning, att väva det förflutna in i nuet och fråga sig; vilket förflutet är det som vävs till den nuvarande närvaron av bildvävarna?  Uppsatsen fortsätter sedan med att beskriva de metoder och överväganden som använts och gjorts i denna tidsöversättning. Genom att betrakta skissen och collaget som sätt att materialisera och sammanfoga tidens förgängliga flöde genom kakofonier av det efemära och trådar. Slutfattningsvis att jag, precis som de som skapar mytiska förflutna, inte alls väver ett förflutet. Utan bara väver en skiss som försöker belysa den känsla och rädsla för förlust som är uppenbar idag i mötet med det accelererande nuet, den kusliga framtiden och de önskvärda progressiva förändringarna mot jämlikhet.

Denna uppsats undersöker användningen av stop motion-estetik i den CGI-animerade serien Oni: Thunder God's Tale. Syftet är att analysera vad denna estetik kan framkalla känslor och vad för påverkan CGI-tekniken har för påverkan på dessa känslor. Undersökningen styrs av frågeställningen Vilken effekt får användningen av stop motion-estetik i CGI-producerade serien Oni: Thunder God's Tale (2022) enligt en visuell analys? Metoden är en kvalitativ visuell analys med fördjupning i filmanalys där teorierna nostalgi och remediering tillämpas för att förstå de estetiska valen och CGIs inverkan på tolkningen av serien.  Resultatet visar att de visuella elementen, textur, ljus och rörelsekvalitet inte bara frammanar minnen av stop motion-estetik, utan anspelar på leksaker och gosedjur som väcks till liv. Detta förmedlar en känsla av trygghet från barndomen och väcker en känsla av nostalgi. Fortsättningsvis tolkas CGI-tekniken i serien som ett sätt att skapa uppskattning för stop motion genom estetiken, även om en nutida teknik används. Medieproduktionen för denna student består av två videor för språkkursen Tagalog nivå 1, som erbjuds av Folkuniversitetet. Videorna är utformade med en collage- och stop motion-estetik för att skapa en engagerande kampanj, särskilt anpassad för sociala medier med fokus på Instagram. Med utgångspunkt i Folkuniversitetets grafiska manual har videornas innehåll noggrant utformats och berikats med kulturella referenser.

This study examines how scent can be used as a tool in a museum context to deepen the learning for visitors. When scent is brought into a museum context, it creates new conditions for enhancing a visitor’s experience of a museum visit. Therefore, the purpose of this essay is to highlight if scent has a potential as a tool for learning in a museum context and how our sense of smell can make us remember. Through a reading of previous research in the field and with two qualitative interviews, one with and museum curator and one with a fragrance creator, the picture of how museums have worked with scent as a multisensory tool has deepened. This study is based on three different theoretical frameworks. The first theory is based on J. Douglas Porteous’ concept of smellscapes. The second theory is based on Karin Johannisson’s concept of nostalgia. The last theory is based on Richard Stevenson’s five approaches to incorporating scent into a museum environment. The study shows that by using multisensory tools in exhibitions it may be easier for a visitor to remember an exhibition or a museum visit if another sense than vision is integrated. By analysing the qualitative interviews based on the theoretical frameworks, the study shows how scent incorporated in a museum context can deepen the learning for visitors and change the way knowledge is communicated by incorporating multiple senses, in this case focusing on smell. By using smell visitors can, through own lived experiences, remember different memories connected to it. The analysis has shown that scent has a potential to deepen the learning in a museum context.