Reimbursement of the legal representation in civil proceedings with special focus on petty legal disputes This thesis concerns with a development and current legislation and case law of the higher courts in cases of granting compensation for legal representation in court proceedings. After a brief historical excursion is described current legislation of the negotiation and providing a fee for legal services of attorney. Given the fact that's attorney's remuneration is granted as a part of the costs of proceedings, this thesis describes general rules for granting mentioned costs with a special focus on reimbursement of representation, in particular is discussed in terms of the effectiveness of legal representation. In the following, the largest part of the thesis issues recent development of costs of proceedings in "petty disputes" including a judicature of Supreme Court and Constitutional Court in a variety of situations. Described section of thesis briefly but comprehensively presents attitudes and intellectual trends of courts and legislators in concerned area. The thesis subjected the current legislation and case law to a criticism, and found out that in some cases is judicature and legislation in contrast of basic law principles and equity principle. The other two sections of thesis are mainly...

This dissertation addresses two questions fundamental to Russian nineteenth-century intellectual history: 1) Why does literature about paranoid psychosis figure so centrally in the nineteenth-century canon? and 2) How did the absence of an epistemological tradition of reflexive self-consciousness influence the development of Russian ideas of subjectivity? I propose that the presence of paranoia in Russian fiction extends beyond the medical or psychoanalytic aspects of character traits or themes. I argue that literary representations of paranoia perform fundamental philosophical gestures and function as "epistemological speech acts." Russian narratives of paranoia (e.g., Pushkin, Gogol, Dostoevsky, Chekhov, Garshin, Sologub) constitute a means of exploring the operations of a self-reflexive consciousness, familiar in the West through the Cartesian Cogito. In other words, the theme of paranoia in nineteenth-century Russian fiction actively responds to the regnant philosophical discourse and functions as a praxis for the exploration of philosophical questions. However, this is done in an alternative discourse to the propositional language generally favored in philosophical texts; as a result, the philosophical function of the fictions of paranoia has gone unrecognized, and the genre has been "exiled" from philosophical discourse. I argue that Russian texts of paranoid psychosis should be reconceived as venues for the play of the transcendental ego outside social or communal axes. Paranoia emerges as the Jakobsonian “dominant” within these texts, in that it is paranoia that engages with other narrative components and transforms them. Further, as prose fiction, these texts had the discursive and social capacity to resonate and divagate in ways impossible to philosophical texts. Ultimately, these narratives of paranoia are meta-epistemologies that interrogate their own discursive function and status. They raise critical questions not only about the ways in which we represent truth but about the ontological status of truth itself. / Slavic Languages and Literatures

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosEF_DISSERT.pdf: 995177 bytes, checksum: 9410eaadcd9007008d6315880e77910d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-10 / Rogram relying on sociological interface between Economic Sociology, Sociology of Moral Theory of Socialization and Social Stratification, this dissertation research makes use of theoretical contributions Luic Boltanski, Charles Taylor, Axel Honneth, Pierre Bourdieu and Bernard Lahire to problematize the generally about the physical and symbolic production and social reproduction of the type of "economic ethics" predominant in the new petite bourgeoisie Brazilian. In other words, the goal is to explain and analyze the objective conditions (economic needs and moral grammar) and intersubjective (modes of socialization and social networks) and update the social genesis and contextual transcontextual beliefs, biases, inclinations and cultural regularities observed the economic behavior of individual profiles for the fractions of the urban petty bourgeoisie and commercial upward Natal / RN. With regard to methodological strategies adopted in data collection will be conducted qualitative interviews (semistructured) and ethnographic notes. In turn, the analytical treatment of the collected empirical content is based on the approach dispositionalist (Pierre Bourdieu, Lo?c Wacquant and Bernard Lahire) that emphasizes the study of the past embedded agents and the different contexts of incorporation / activation / inhibition of "provisions" individual cultural / Se apoiando em programa sociol?gico de interface entre Sociologia Econ?mica, Sociologia da Moral, Teoria da Socializa??o e Estratifica??o Social, a presente pesquisa de disserta??o se serve das contribui??es te?ricas de Luic Boltanski, Charles Taylor, Pierre Bourdieu e Bernard Lahire para problematizar de modo geral a respeito das condi??es materiais e simb?licas de produ??o e reprodu??o social do tipo de ?tica econ?mica predominante na nova pequena burguesia brasileira. Dito de outro modo, o objetivo ? explicitar e analisar as condi??es objetivas (necessidades econ?micas e gram?tica moral) e intersubjetivas (modos de socializa??o e redes de sociabilidade) da g?nese social e atualiza??o contextual e transcontextual de cren?as, propens?es, inclina??es e regularidades culturais observadas no comportamento econ?mico de perfis individuais relativos a fra??es da pequena burguesia comercial urbana e ascendente de Natal/RN. No que se refere ?s estrat?gias metodol?gicas adotadas na coleta dos dados, ser?o realizadas entrevistas de tipo qualitativo (semiestruturadas) e anota??es etnogr?ficas. Por sua vez, o tratamento anal?tico do conte?do emp?rico coletado apoia-se na abordagem disposicionalista (Pierre Bourdieu e Bernard Lahire) que enfatiza o estudo do passado incorporado dos agentes e os diferentes contextos de incorpora??o/ativa??o/inibi??o das disposi??es culturais individuais

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Simao Joao Samba.pdf: 24763283 bytes, checksum: 7347a42b31801453314a84c2b05ecb6b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work was carried out in Luanda, capital of the Republic of Angola, from the experience of work and life of young migrants involved in informal work in Luanda, specifically the street vendors. The objective was to analyze the meanings that young migrants involved in informal work in Luanda, attach to their experiences as well as the reasons that led then to the involvement of such activities. Understand these informal activities and understand as well how it contribute to overcame their poor working conditions and the survival of this young vendors, since they live mostly in a context marked by extreme poverty, vulnerability, exclusion and social inequality. It is understood that the knowledge and analysis of the meanings of these young people attribute to their stories and experiences, as well as the reasons for their involvement in informal activities, current issues are social important, given the few or almost no studies that address this reality from the view of who is involved in it. It is a qualitative study, based on Marx's social theory, specifically in the analytical perspective of dialectical materialism critical. The study included 16 young migrants, informal workers in Luanda, of both sex, aged between 18 and 35 years. We used as data collection technique of participant observation and systematic interviews and group oriented script prepared in advance, both complemented by bibliographic and documentary research. A field diary was used to record the necessary information, which later contributed to the analysis of information obtained and presented in this paper. The testimonies of this young people pointed out the alternative of the informal work as a mean of survival strategy, which cater to the lack of jobs that could absorb them. On the other hand, showed that there is a crackdown on this type of work, by the state, without the state providing alternatives to enable them to survive. It also pointed out that those young people do not have the informal work as a project of their life; many of them are doing this informal work and studying at the same time, which they believe could open employment opportunities for then. The migration of these young people to the capital in search of a better living conditions, work, security, protection and opportunity, was mainly due to the war and lack of investment in rural areas. It is concluded that informal work is an alternative and strategy of those young people to overcome the lack of jobs and the multiple losses and miseries that they go through their life stories and trajectories, including the lack of conditions to keep up with dignity and provide the essential to their children and dependents. These situations highlight the need to think in social and public policies capable of achieving the desires, aspirations and expectations of these individuals and ensure their protection, while construction of new spaces of possibilities and ways of life of those who are deprived of their fundamental rights / O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido na província de Luanda, capital da República de Angola, a partir das experiências de trabalho e de vida dos jovens migrantes envolvidos com o trabalho informal, mais especificamente a venda ambulante. O objetivo foi analisar os significados que os jovens migrantes, trabalhadores informais em Luanda, atribuem às suas experiências, bem como os motivos que os levaram ao envolvimento com tais atividades. A compreensão dessas atividades informais contribui para a superação das condições precárias de trabalho e sobrevivência dos jovens, uma vez que vivem, em sua maioria, em contexto marcado por extrema pobreza, vulnerabilidade, exclusão e desigualdade social. Entende-se que o conhecimento e a análise dos significados atribuídos por esses jovens às suas histórias e vivências, assim como os motivos do envolvimento deles nas atividades informais, constituem temas atuais e socialmente importantes, atendendo aos poucos ou à quase inexistência de estudos que abordem essa realidade a partir da visão de quem nela esteja envolvido. É um estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na teoria social de Marx, mais concretamente na perspectiva analítica do materialismo dialético crítico. Participaram do estudo 16 jovens migrantes, trabalhadores informais em Luanda, de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 18 e 35 anos. Foram utilizadas como técnicas de coleta de informações a observação participante e sistemática e entrevistas grupais orientadas por roteiro previamente elaborado, ambas complementadas por pesquisas bibliográfica e documental. Um diário de campo serviu para registrar as informações necessárias, as quais, posteriormente, contribuíram para a análise das informações obtidas e apresentadas neste trabalho. Os depoimentos dos jovens apontaram o trabalho informal como alternativa e estratégia de sobrevivência, que atendem à falta de postos de trabalho que pudessem absorvê-los. Por outro lado, mostraram que há uma repressão a esse tipo de trabalho, por parte do Estado, sem que este ofereça alternativas que lhes possibilitem a sobrevivência. Apontaram também que os jovens não têm o trabalho informal como projeto de vida, tanto é que muitos deles estão se empenhando em estudos que, acreditam, poderão abrir-lhes outras e novas oportunidades de emprego. A migração desses jovens para as capitais das províncias em busca de melhores condições de vida, de trabalho, de segurança, de proteção e de novas oportunidades, ocorreu principalmente em decorrência da guerra e da falta de investimentos nas zonas rurais. Conclui-se, que o trabalho informal é alternativa e estratégia dos jovens para superarem a falta de emprego e as múltiplas perdas e misérias que atravessam suas histórias e trajetórias de vida, incluindo a falta de condições para manter-se com dignidade e oferecer o essencial aos seus filhos e dependentes. Essas situações evidenciam a necessidade de pensar-se em políticas sociais e públicas capazes de alcançar os anseios, as aspirações e as expectativas desses sujeitos e garantir sua proteção, enquanto espaços de construção de novas formas e possibilidades de vida de quem se encontra destituído de seus direitos fundamentais

La tesi propone la vicenda umana e letteraria di Fedor Sologub (1863-1927) con un’analisi dell’opera fondamentale dello scrittore, il romanzo Melkij bes (Il demone meschino), scritto tra il 1892-1902. Si ripercorrono la storia della pubblicazione, i giudizi dei contemporanei, si pongono le basi per una definizione del romanzo. Per l’analisi sono stati scelti alcuni tra i temi principali dell’opera che Sologub interpreta secondo la propria visione del mondo e sviluppa in un costante dialogo con la letteratura russa del passato (in particolare Puškin, Gogol’, Dostoevskij, Čechov). Si esamina il tema del demoniaco, a partire dal titolo Melkij bes e dalla creatura maligna chiamata Nedotykomka; si analizzano poi la figura del “piccolo uomo” e il tema della follia. Una sezione è dedicata anche alla figura di A.S. Puškin così come presentato dal protagonista del romanzo Peredonov, ma anche dallo stesso Sologub attraverso alcuni scritti degli stessi anni o successivi. Un ultimo sguardo va al ruolo dell’intreccio parallelo alla vicenda di Peredonov, la storia di Ljudmila e Saša, che propone soltanto in apparenza un mondo alternativo alla peredonovščina. L’ultimo capitolo è dedicato alla fortuna critica del Melkij bes in Russia e all’estero, con un approfondimento sulle prime traduzioni italiane del romanzo. / The dissertation focuses on the human and literary journey of Fedor Sologub (1863-1927), and particularly on the writer’s masterpiece, the novel Melkiy bes (The Petty Demon), written between 1892 and 1902. This work traces the story of the publication, the reactions of Sologub's contemporaries, and lays the basis for a definition of the novel. It analyzes some of the main themes of Melkiy bes, that Sologub interprets according to his own vision of the world, and develops in a constant dialogue with the Russian literature of the past (especially Pushkin, Gogol, Dostoevsky, Chekhov). It examines the theme of the devil, starting from the title Melkiy bes and the evil creature called Nedotykomka; then it analyzes the figure of the "little man" and the theme of madness. A section is also dedicated to the figure of A.S. Pushkin, as presented by the protagonist of the novel Peredonov, and followed by Sologub's conception of the greatest poet of Russia. A reflection is devoted also to the role of the parallel plot of Melkiy bes, the story of Lyudmila and Sasha, that offers only apparently an alternative to the evil world of peredonovščina.

Pin-up images have played an important role in American culture, in both their illustrated and photographic configurations. The pin-up is viewed as a significant representational cultural artifact of idealistic and aspirational femininity and of consumerism and material wealth, especially reflective of the mid-twentieth century period in America spanning the 1930s to the 1960s. These images not only reflect great shifts in social mores and women’s social status, but also affected changes in both areas in turn. Furthermore, pin-up images internationally circulated in magazines, advertising and promotional material, contributed to the manner in which America was idealized in Europe and beyond. Crucially, they influenced how an eroticized and glamorous, yet unrealistic, example of femininity came to be generalized as a desirous model of femininity. In recent years there has been vital, though limited, scholarly research into the cultural and social impact of pin-up imagery, to which this thesis adds to. This thesis takes a genealogical approach, charting the development of popular female-centric “pin-up” imagery in America since the 1860s and up to the 1960s, and its resurgence since the 1980s onwards. In doing so this thesis aims to provide a social, political and cultural context to the emergence of a specific archetypal sexualized femininity, with the aim of challenging the tendency to dismiss sexualized imagery as “anti-feminist” or as trivial. Toward that end, I examine the complexity of intentions behind the production of “pin-up” images. In taking this revisionist approach I am better able to conclusively analyze the reasons for the resurgence and reappropriation of pin-up imagery in late-twentieth- and early-twenty-first-century popular culture, and consider what the gendered cultural implications may be.

Previous research indicates that improving digital government services may contribute to the reduction of corruption. This study seeks to deepen the knowledge of this suggested causal link in several ways. Firstly, it adds nuance by examining the effects of two distinct sub-types of digital government services on specifically petty corruption. Secondly, it explores whether impacts vary by corruption systemicity level, which has previously been argued to to affect the effectiveness of certain anti-corruption measures. Using a theoretical framework built on economics of crime theory, I posit that the anti-petty corruption impact of digital government services varies between different service sub-types and between more and less systemically corrupt states. Analyzing hitherto unused global cross-country data for the year 2013, using mainly OLS-models, it is found that informational digital government services constitute effective anti-corruption measures in all settings. Transactional digital government services, on the other hand, are not found to have the same uniform reductive impact in all settings explored.

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