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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
191

Individual information system acceptance behaviour : an electronic ordering system case

Arbin, Katarina January 2009 (has links)
Organizations have spent and continue to spend millions of dollars on information systems (IS) in order to enable business success. Information systems have long been used to help managers make better decisions, better understand the nature of customers and improve employee productivity. They have enabled transformations in organizations, such as simplification and acceleration of work processes, and contributed to continued improvement and innovation in these processes. It is not that easy however to make this simplification and acceleration of work processes to happen. A common problem is that individuals that are supposed to use these systems do not use them, and if an information system is to contribute to business success it has to be adopted and used. The question is therefore, how do we get individuals to adopt and use systems that are implemented? This dissertation focus on what influences individual adoption and use, and how we can get individuals to adopt and use systems that are implemented. The information system under investigation is an electronic ordering (e-ordering) system. E-ordering systems are used by individual end-users (requestors, authorizers and goods receivers) in an organization when ordering products and services. The system aims at contributing to reduced maverick (i.e. wild) purchases and increased compliance with a few centrally chosen suppliers, thus facilitating lower purchasing prices and a reduction of the costs for purchasing. The thesis also discusses the relative difficulty in getting individuals to continue to use the system compared to get them to adopt it. Another issue that is discussed is that the acceptance process does not have to happen gradually, it can instead happen in short spurts. It is further discussed what can influence these spurts. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 2009 Sammanfattning jämte 5 uppsatser
192

GDPR och backuper hos mjukvaruutvecklingsföretag : En kvalitativ intervjustudie / GDPR and backups among software development companies : A qualitative interview study

Johansson, Ted January 2018 (has links)
Detta arbete har som syfte att kontrollera hur verksamheter har anpassat sig inför General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR, sv. Dataskyddsförordningen), både vad det gäller rutinarbete och förändringar som de har genomfört. Arbetet behandlar hur företagen har förändrat sina rutiner gällande säkerhetskopior av kritisk företagsdata och även rutiner kring rätten att bli bortglömd. Vid detta arbetes slut kommer GDPR har trätt i kraft (25:e maj 2018) och därmed bör samtliga verksamheter ha genomfört någon form av förändring inför den ändrade lagstiftningen som börjar gälla då. Då GDPR är en ny lagstiftning ( som dock varit aktuell de senaste 2 åren ) finns en del arbeten kring just GDPR och vilka verksamhetsförändringar man bör vidta. Dock har inget fokus skett på hur företag bör anpassa sina rutiner kring säkerhetskopior och hur företagen bör resonera kring rätten att bli glömd. Därmed blir detta arbete väldigt aktuellt då detta är något som många verksamheter bör ha förändrat, tänkt på och dokumenterat. Metoden som använts i denna studie är en kvalitativ form, där intervjuer har genomförts med representanter från olika verksamheter inom utvecklingsbranschen. Verksamheterna säljer sina programvaror och tjänster till kunder och de hanterar därmed ofta stora mängder personlig information som antingen passerar igenom systemen eller som lagras hos de. Organisationerna som intervjuas har jobbat med GDPR ett tag. I flera av fallen ett år tillbaka för att säkerställa att de deras åtgärder överensstämmer med GDPR. Fem intervjuer genomfördes i sin helhet. Därefter har en tematisk analys genomförts på resultatet från intervjuerna. I intervjuerna är fokus på om och vad för förändringar företagen har genomfört samt hur det ser ut i dagsläget. Efter analysen framträder tydligt att företagen har genomfört vissa förändringar i organisationen, men till större del har dessa förändringar enbart genomförts i form av kontroll av var information finns och dokumentation kring detta och de olika rutiner som finns vid företaget. / The purpose of this work is to check how companies have been adapted to the General Data Protection Regulation, both in terms of routine work and changes that they have implemented. The work addresses how companies have changed their routines regarding backups of critical business data and routines about the right to be forgotten. At the end of this work, the GDPR will come into force (25th of May 2018) and therefore all activities should have implemented some form of change in view of the changed legislation that will apply. Since GDPR is a new legislation (which has been up to date in the past 2 years), some work is being done about just GDPR and what business changes should be made. However, no focus has been on how companies should adapt their routines about backups and how businesses should reason about the right to be forgotten. This makes this work very relevant as this is something that many businesses should have changed, thought about and documented. The method used in this study is a qualitative form, in which interviews have been conducted with representatives from different activities in the development industry. The businesses sell their software and services to customers, and they often handle large amounts of personal information that either passes through the systems or is stored with them. The organizations interviewed have been working for GDPR for a while. In several of the cases a year back to ensure that their actions are in line with the GDPR. Five interviews were conducted in full. Then a thematic analysis has been conducted on the results ofthe interviews. The interviews focus on whether and what changes the companies have made and how it looks today. Following the analysis, it is clear that companies have made certain changes inthe organization, but to a large extent these changes have only been conducted in terms of checking where information is available and documentation about this and the different routines available at the company.
193

A study of radiographer student´s knowledge about hygiene aspects : A comparative study in Vietnam and Sweden / En studie om röntgensjuksköterskestudenters kunskap om hygienaspekter : En jämförande studie i Vietnam och Sverige

Heiskanen, Cassandra, Bengtsson, Victoria January 2018 (has links)
Background: It is important to have good hygiene in healthcare. Studies have shown that bad hygiene among healthcare professionals can lead to spread of bacteria and microorganisms, which in turn can lead to healthcare-associated infections. To counteract this there are established routines, laws and regulations, as basic hygiene routines.   Purpose: To study the knowledge of hygiene aspects in patient-related work among radiographer students in Vietnam and Sweden.   Method: A quantitative study with descriptive statistics and statistical tests, data was collected through surveys and observations. The number of participants in the survey was 100 students, 50 in Vietnam and 50 in Sweden. The observations were conducted on 12 students at a hospital in Vietnam. Data was analyzed in SPSS and then described in text and tables.   Results: The students had relatively good knowledge of hygiene aspects, but the results showed that things could be improved in Sweden and Vietnam. There was insufficient knowledge about the use of plastic apron and the use of jewelry such as watches. The students were careful to fixed their hair, have clean work clothes and wear plastic gloves at risk of contact with body fluids.   Conclusion: The study shows that there are similarities and differences among the students in both countries. There are areas that can be improved in the countries because knowledge and basic hygiene routines underlie the spread of healthcare-associatedinfections / Bakgrund: Det är viktigt med god hygien inom hälso- och sjukvård. Studier har visat att dålig hygien bland sjukvårdspersonal kan leda till spridning av bakterier och mikroorganismer, vilket i sin tur kan leda till sjukvårdsrelaterade infektioner. För att motverka detta finns framtagna rutiner, lagar och regler som basala hygienrutiner.    Syfte: Att undersöka kunskapen om hygienaspekter i patientnära arbete bland röntgensjuksköterskestudenter i Vietnam och Sverige.   Metod: En kvantitativ studie med deskriptiv statistik och statistiska tester där datainsamling skedde via enkäter och observationer. Antalet medverkande i enkätstudien var 100 studenter, 50 i Vietnam och 50 i Sverige. Observationerna genomfördes på 12 studenter vid ett sjukhus i Vietnam. Data analyserades i SPSS och beskrevs sedan i text och tabeller.    Resultat: Studenterna hade relativt god kunskap gällande hygienaspekter men resultatet visade att saker kan förbättras i båda länderna. Bristande kunskap fanns gällande användandet av plastförkläde samt användandet av smycken som exempelvis klockor. Studenterna var noggranna med att ha håret uppsatt, ha rena arbetskläder och använda plasthandskar vid risk för kontakt med kroppsvätskor.   Slutsats: Studien visar att det finns likheter och skillnader bland studenternas kunskap i båda länderna. Det finns områden som kan förbättras i både Sverige och Vietnam då kunskap och basala hygienrutiner ligger till grund för minskad spridning av sjukvårdsrelaterade infektioner.
194

[en] LEARNING IN ORGANIZATIONAL ROUTINES: DESIGN THINKING AND THE CREATION OF ROUTINES GUIDED BY A LEARNING LOGIC / [pt] O APRENDER NAS ROTINAS ORGANIZACIONAIS: O DESIGN THINKING E A CRIAÇÃO DE ROTINAS GUIADAS POR UMA LÓGICA DE APRENDIZAGEM

MARIA ISABEL PEIXOTO GUIMARAES 29 November 2018 (has links)
[pt] Em um mundo caracterizado por volatilidade, incerteza, complexidade e ambiguidade (McCHRYSTAL, 2015), onde situações de desordem e indeterminação predominam (SCHON, 1983), o sucesso das organizações depende da aprendizagem (ARGYRIS, 1991). Nesse cenário, as empresas estão se apoiando na ideia de que o Design Thinking poderá ser uma forte ferramenta para levá-las a um patamar desejável de inovação. Com atenção a esse contexto, algumas pesquisas vêm apresentando como rotinas organizacionais dinâmicas, flexíveis e colaborativas, guiadas por uma lógica de aprendizagem, podem ajudar a estruturar a inovação em projetos complexos (EDMONDSON e ZUZUL, 2016). É nesse cenário que essa Tese está inserida. Trata-se de um estudo no campo da aprendizagem organizacional, na perspectiva da prática, que parte da premissa de que a abordagem do Design Thinking (DT) pode trazer a lógica da aprendizagem para as rotinas organizacionais, uma vez que pode-se dizer que o DT está alinhado aos fundamentos do Pragmatismo de Dewey (DALSGAARD, 2014), e da aprendizagem pragmática (BRANDI e ELKJAER, 2011). Pelas lentes da fenomenografia, abordagem teórico-metodológica, buscou-se entender e descrever a variação na forma de se experienciar e conceber a aprendizagem em práticas (rotinas) guiadas pela abordagem do DT, como base para a construção de um framework teórico original. Foram realizadas 21 entrevistas, com profissionais de diferentes empresas, formações e ocupações, o que possibilitou uma coleta de dados distribuídos, garantindo a variedade exigida pelo método. Como resultado, três categorias descritivas emergiram da interação entre os dados do campo e a pesquisadora: learning-based practice; learning-based thinking; e learning-based culture. Essas categorias representam três diferentes concepções acerca da aprendizagem situada nas rotinas organizacionais guiadas pela abordagem do Design Thinking. E, em conjunto, representam uma forma holística de se experienciar esse fenômeno. A variação entre as três concepções está evidenciada por meio de sete dimensões que a explicam. As dimensões explicativas representam um detalhamento de o quê e como se aprende, na percepção dos entrevistados e na situação delimitada no estudo. No âmbito do o quê se aprende, observaram-se cinco dimensões explicativas: (1) a propriedade da aprendizagem; (2) o objeto da aprendizagem; (3) o valor gerado pela aprendizagem; (4) o resultado da aprendizagem; e (5) o impacto da aprendizagem nas rotinas organizacionais. No âmbito do “como” se aprende, observaram-se duas dimensões explicativas: (6) a dinâmica e os recursos utilizados para aprender; e (7) o papel do DT na aprendizagem. A organização hierárquica das três categorias compôs o Espaço de Resultado, que serviu de fundamento para a elaboração de um framework teórico com proposições que apresentam caminhos para a construção de rotinas organizacionais guiadas por uma lógica de aprendizagem, ao invés de padrões, scripts e blueprints (EDMONDSON e ZUZUL, 2016), com o objetivo de contribuir para os processos de inovação nas organizações e para o avanço da teoria e da prática no campo da aprendizagem organizacional. / [en] In a world characterized by volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (McChrystal, 2015), where situations of disorder and indeterminacy predominate (Schon, 1983), success in organizations depends on learning (Argyris, 1991). In this scenario, firms are betting on the idea that design thinking can be a strong tool for forging their way to a desirable level of innovation. Their attention focused on this context, some researchers have advanced the idea of how organizational routines - collaborative, flexible and dynamic - guided by a learning logic, can help to structure innovation in complex projects (Edmondson and Zuzul, 2016). It is in this scenario that this article is positioned. This is a study in the field of organizational learning from the practice perspective, which is based on the premise that the design thinking (DT) approach can bring the logic of learning to organizational routines, since we can say that DT is anchored in the fundamentals of Dewey s pragmatism (Dalsgaard, 2014) and of pragmatic learning (Brandi and Elkjaer, 2011). Through the lens of phenomenography, a theoretical-methodological approach, we sought to understand and describe the variation in the form of experiencing learning in practices (routines) based on the DT approach, in order to construct an original theoretical framework. Twenty-one interviews were conducted with professionals from different companies, professions and occupations, which enabled the collection of distributed data, guaranteeing the variety required by the method. As a result, three categories of description emerged from the interaction between the field data and the researcher: learning-based practice; learning-based thinking; and learning-based culture. These categories represent three different conceptions about learning in organizational routines guided by the Design Thinking approach. And together, they represent a holistic way of experiencing this phenomenon. The variation between the three conceptions is evidenced by means of seven dimensions that explain it. The explanatory dimensions represent a detail of what and how one learns, in the perception of the interviewees and in the situation delimited in the study. Within the what is learned, five explanatory dimensions were observed: (1) the property of learning; (2) the object of learning; (3) the value generated by learning; (4) the learning outcome; and (5) the impact of learning on organizational routines. Within the how one learns, two explanatory dimensions were observed: (6) the dynamics and resources used to learn; and (7) the role of DT in learning. The hierarchical organization of the three categories composed the Outcome Space, which served as the basis for the elaboration of a theoretical framework with propositions that present paths for the construction of organizational routines guided by a learning logic, instead of patterns, scripts and blueprints (Edmondson and Zuzul, 2016) - which intends to make an important contribution to the processes of innovation in organizations and to the advancement of theory and practice in the field of organizational learning.
195

L'administration publique à l'épreuve de la gouvernance multi-acteurs : Le cas de la mise en oeuvre d'une nouvelle politique publique environnementale / The challenge of multi-actor governance in public administration : The implementation of a new environmental public policy

Periac, Elvira 02 December 2015 (has links)
Développement de la démocratie participative, mouvement de décentralisation à l’échelle européenne...: les dernières décennies sont marquées par la légitimation d’une pluralité d’acteurs autres que l’État central dans la construction de l’action publique. Si le développement du terme de « gouvernance » pour désigner l’action publique contemporaine décrit bien cette évolution, il laisse en suspens la question du rôle de l’Etat et de son administration dans ce renouvellement, alors même que les principes d’action et les modes d’organisation de l’administration publique sont eux-­‐mêmes en redéfinition, théorique et empirique. Notre thèse propose d’étudier la question suivante : qu’est ce qu’ « administrer » dans un contexte de gouvernance ? A partir de l’étude d’un cas d’émergence et de mise en place d’une nouvelle activité (l’Autorité Environnementale) au sein de l’administration publique d’État française, nous mettons tout d’abord en lumière les incertitudes et les tensions auxquelles donne lieu le développement d’une activité administrative, certes fortement insérée dans les circuits administratifs traditionnels, mais pour contribuer à la réalisation d’une action publique conçue dans une logique de gouvernance, c’est-­à-­dire s’appuyant sur la pluralité des acteurs, leurs influences et leurs interactions dans différentes configurations. Nous analysons ensuite la manière dont se construit sur le terrain, dans le travail des agents publics, une action qui se révèle hétérogène et variable, ce qui constitue à la fois un problème et une ressource pour l’action publique. A partir d’une théorisation de cette hétérogénéité et variabilité dans le cadre des dynamiques de routines organisationnelles et sur la base de propositions de dispositifs de gestion, nous montrons qu’administrer en contexte de gouvernance se définit dans la capacité de l’organisation à en même temps développer et réguler l’hétérogénéité et la variabilité de l’action administrative. / The development of participatory democracy, a wave of decentralization in all Europe...: over the last decades, the legitimization of a plurality of actors, besides the Central State, has been a cornerstone of public action. The increasing use of the notion of « Governance » to describe public action is one the main illustrations of this evolution, but the role of the Central State and its administration in this new context remains hardly known, at a time when public administration, its action and its organization, are precisely in a process of being re-­‐defined, empirically as much as theoretically. Our thesis ambitions to explore the following question: what does « administrating » involve in a context of governance? Drawing on the case of the emergence and implementation of a new activity in the French public administration (the Environmental Authority), we highlight the state of uncertainty and tension generated by the development of this new activity, which is rooted in the traditional administrative organization but needs to contribute to a new form of public action, conceived with a governance logic, in other words based on a multiplicity of actors with various influences and interactions in different configurations. We then analyze how a heterogeneous and variable public action is developed empirically through public officers’ daily work. It is argued that this is both a difficulty and a resource for public action. Drawing on the organizational routine dynamics framework, this heterogeneity and variability of public action is theorized. Then, based on the proposition of different management dispositif, we show that « administrating » in a context of governance can be conceived as the capacity to both develop and regulate heterogeneity and variability in administrative action.
196

Entre o estável e o fortuito: a formação continuada em serviço e as rotinas pedagógicas em alfabetização. / Between the stable and the fortuitous: the continued teacher education and pedagogical routines in literacy.

ROSSI, Jocelaine Regina Duarte January 2010 (has links)
ROSSI, Jocelaine Regina Duarte. Entre o estável e o fortuito: a formação continuada em serviço e as rotinas pedagógicas em alfabetização. 2010.203f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, Fortaleza-CE, 2010. / Submitted by Maria Josineide Góis (josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-09T14:08:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_Dis_JRDRossi.pdf: 3574243 bytes, checksum: 64412651b99eca3e92ebf36e01585e23 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-09T16:49:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_Dis_JRDRossi.pdf: 3574243 bytes, checksum: 64412651b99eca3e92ebf36e01585e23 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-09T16:49:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_Dis_JRDRossi.pdf: 3574243 bytes, checksum: 64412651b99eca3e92ebf36e01585e23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / The actual study is an investigation about the in-service teacher education of the literacy teachers. Its objective is to verify the contribution of in-service teacher education, centered in the implantation of pedagogical routines, to improve the learning results of the second grade students of the elementary school. It is based in Vygotsky’s compositon, in studies about literacy, developed by Magda Soares, and in the prespective of Gauthier’s, Tardif’s and Lessard’s teacher knowledge. It is a qualitative research, being a multiple study case, performed with four teachers from countries of the North Region of Ceará State who took part of the in-service teacher education promoted by PAIC and, in 2008, showed an increase in the SPAECE-ALFA results. The data were gathered through documental analysis, semi structured interview and classroom observation, using the observation Guide, the daily observation Set and the differentiated pedagogical practices Scale. From the analysis and the comparison of the gathered data, some results were reached. Although it can be affirmed that teacher have changed radically their practices, it can be considered that the teacher education has brought contributions to teachers’ classroom acting. The utilization of appropriate courseware and the implantation of new routines caused important modifications in teachers acting, which culminated in the qualification of pedagogic time. It was noticed, too, that teachers sought to attend the classroom diversity and made adaptations in the routines and suit them to their students’ level and necessities, using varied methodologies, not always oriented by the teacher education. It was considered that the teacher education helped guiding teacher’s work, however, instead of the orientation to organization of routines that attend the specificity of each classroom, these were passed to teachers as “finished products”, not always appropriate to teachers’ reality. It was observed that the relation theory and practice, proposed by the teacher education, happened inappropriately end the pedagogical practice was worked as training, neglecting the reflection about what the teacher already develops. The teacher education caused changes, but these seem fragile, with immediate results, changes in actions, not necessarily changes in the conceptions about literacy. / O presente estudo é uma investigação sobre a formação em serviço dos professores alfabetizadores. Teve como objetivo verificar a contribuição da formação em serviço, centrada na implantação de rotinas pedagógicas, para melhoria dos resultados da aprendizagem dos alunos do 2º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Está embasada nas obras de Vygotsky, nos estudos sobre alfabetização e letramento, desenvolvidos por Magda Soares, e na perspectiva dos saberes docentes de Gauthier, Tardif e Lessard. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, sendo um estudo de caso múltiplo, realizado com quatro professores de municípios da Região Norte do Estado do Ceará que participaram da formação em serviço promovida pelo PAIC e, no ano de 2008, apresentaram aumento nos resultados do SPAECE-ALFA. Os dados foram coletados através de análise documental, entrevista semiestruturada e observação de sala de aula, utilizando-se do Roteiro de observação, do Quadro de observação diária de sala de aula e da Escala de observação de práticas pedagógicas diferenciadas. A partir da análise e comparação dos dados coletados chegou-se a alguns resultados. Embora não se possa afirmar que os professores tenham mudado radicalmente suas práticas pode-se considerar que a formação trouxe contribuições para a atuação dos professores em sala de aula. A utilização de material didático adequado e diversificado e a implantação das rotinas provocaram modificações importantes na ação das professoras, que culminaram na qualificação do tempo pedagógico. Percebeu-se, também, que as professoras buscaram atender à diversidade da sala de aula e fizeram adaptações nas rotinas para adequá-las ao nível de seus alunos e as suas necessidades, utilizando-se de metodologias variadas, nem sempre orientadas pela formação. Considerou-se que a formação ajudou a nortear o trabalho do professor, entretanto, ao invés da orientação para organização de rotinas que atendam a especificidade de cada sala de aula, estas foram repassadas aos professores como “produtos acabados”, nem sempre adequados à realidade das professoras. Observou-se que a relação teoria e prática, proposta pela formação, aconteceu de forma inadequada e a prática pedagógica foi trabalhada como treinamento, negligenciando-se a reflexão acerca do que o professor já desenvolve. A formação provocou mudanças, mas essas parecem frágeis, com resultados imediatos, mudanças nas ações e não, necessariamente, mudanças nas concepções sobre alfabetização.
197

Insucesso dos alunos em leitura/escrita: as pesquisas de Ferreiro eo construtivismo piagetiano poderiam ser apontados como causa

Moura, Josana Ferreira Bassi de [UNESP] 04 February 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-04Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:32:12Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 moura_jfb_me_mar.pdf: 1136450 bytes, checksum: ed4ac7dee1e287cc9023cdaa2be4ebe0 (MD5) / Decorridos vinte anos da publicação no Brasil de Psicogênese da língua escrita, de Emília Ferreiro e dez anos da adoção da teoria construtivista pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, temos constatado resultados que apontam para um insucesso dos alunos em relação ao ensino/aprendizagem de leitura/escrita. A teoria construtivista teria se mostrado inadequada para o enfrentamento da questão? Poderíamos apontá-la como causadora do insucesso dos alunos em relação às práticas de leitura/escrita? Deveríamos desconsiderar a revolução conceitual de Emília Ferreiro, voltar-lhe as costas e reconhecer como mais adequada a volta ao método fônico? Os professores teriam compreendido, verdadeiramente, e posto em ação, os pressupostos de Ferreiro, apoiando neles as práticas escolares de ensino/aprendizagem de leitura/escrita? Ou tê-los-iam compreendido como um novo método de ensino ou novo teste para a avaliação da maturidade dos alunos com vistas à sua classificação? Por que é que a divulgação da proposta construtivista de Ferreiro não resultou ainda em melhor desempenho dos alunos nas práticas de leitura/escrita? Esta investigação procurou compreender as prováveis razões do insucesso dos alunos em leitura/escrita e sua relação com as propostas construtivistas de Emília Ferreiro. Foram realizadas entrevistas e sessões de observação da sala de aula, com 20 professores do Ensino Fundamental I, de seis escolas municipais da cidade de Ourinhos, com melhor ou pior desempenho na Prova Brasil 2005. A partir da análise da Bibliografia e com base no questionamento de professores e na observação desses e de seus alunos durante atividades realizadas em sala de aula, pretendeuse conhecer e analisar a concepção subjacente às práticas, e as próprias práticas adotadas para o ensino/aprendizagem de leitura/escrita. Concluiu-se que os professores... / Twenty years after the “Psicogênese da língua escrita” was published, in Brazil by Emília Ferreiro, and ten years after the constructivism theory was adopted, as part of Brazil’s “Parameters for National Syllabuses”, the results obtained have pointed to a worse performance in teaching and learning with regards to reading and writing. Therefore, we might ask, has the constructivism theory proved itself inadequate for the job? Could we point it out as being a cause of student’s lack of success as to reading and writing? Should we put Emília Ferreiro’s “conceptual revolution” to one side, turn our backs on it, and admit that it would be better to go back to the previously used phonic method. Had the teachers understood correctly and applied all that had been proposed by Ferreiro? Were they using these tools correctly to support their school activities, of teaching and learning of reading and writing? Or did they understand it to be a kind of new method of teaching or a sort of evaluation test that tested the students’ maturity, with a view to their classification? Why after the publishing of Ferreiro’s constructivism proposal haven’t the student’s performances improved, with regards to reading and writing? This study attempts to highlight the probable reasons for the student’s lack of success in reading and writing, and its relation to Emília Ferreiro’s constructivism proposals. Interviews were made as well as sit in class observation were done, with twenty teachers at six Fundamental Level 1 schools in the town of Ourinhos, SP State . The schools chosen were those that had been awarded the best and the worst performance rating in the Brazilian Governments year 2005 test (Prova Brasil). Based on the analysis of literature and the replies given, as well as by watching the way teachers performed in class, it was intended to get to understand and analyse... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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[en] AUTOMATION OF PROCESS: THE INFLUENCE OF SOFTWARES ON ORGANIZATIONAL ROUTINES / [pt] AUTOMAÇÃO DE PROCESSOS: A INFLUÊNCIA DOS SOFTWARES DE AUTOMAÇÃO DE PROCESSOS NAS ROTINAS ORGANIZACIONAIS

MAURICIO SANTOS MANZUETO 16 December 2016 (has links)
[pt] Com o surgimento da gestão por processos, muitas empresas têm alterado suas rotinas organizacionais para seguirem um modelo de negócio gerenciado por processos e indicadores de desempenho que possam ser automatizados, aumentando, assim, a agilidade e o controle de atividades e reduzindo custos. Nesse contexto, softwares com o objetivo de automatizar processos, tais como ERPs surgiram para suportar esse tipo de modelo, facilitando a execução e o controle dos processos de negócio das empresas. Este trabalho utilizou o método qualitativo para avaliar, como empresas têm utilizado softwares de automação de processos e os impactos desse uso para as rotinas organizacionais. Para esse fim, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 14 usuários de softwares de automação no Rio de Janeiro, no período de 05 de outubro a 20 de dezembro de 2015. A análise da transcrição das entrevistas resultou na identificação de 7 categorias (avaliação do tipo de solução, motivação para adoção, integração da tecnologia, efetivação na prática, facilitação para implantação, impacto nas rotinas organizacionais e integralização da automação) e que serviram de base para a análise de conteúdo. Como conclusão, esta pesquisa sugere, com base na percepção dos entrevistados, que a implantação de softwares de automação pode trazer benefícios às rotinas organizacionais, tais como agilidade de processos e integração sistêmica. Além disso, existem oportunidades de melhoria em temas como workflow e interdependência de processos. / [en] With the creation of the concept called business process management, many organizations have been changing their routines to a new model of management, based in process and KPIs, achieving more control and agility in activities and reducing costs. In this context, softwares like ERPs appeared to support process automation, allowing the execution and control of business process. This qualitative study evaluated how enterprises use softwares for automation process and their impacts for organizational routines. It was based on semi structured interviews with 14 automation software users in Rio de Janeiro, from October 05th, 2015 until December 20th, 2015 The analysis of interviews transcripted resulted in identification of 7 categories (type of solution, motivation for adoption, technology integration, practice use, facilities for deployment, impacts in organizational routines and integralization of automation) that were the base for analyzing the content. The results showed that the deployment of softwares can bring benefits for organizational routines, such as agility for process and system integration. Additionally, there are opportunities for improving workflows and process interdependence.
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[en] HOW MANAGERS PERCEIVE COLLECTIVE COMPETENCES FORMATION FROM THEIR EXPERIENCE IN ORGANIZATIONAL ROUTINES / [pt] COMO OS GESTORES PERCEBEM A FORMAÇÃO DE COMPETÊNCIAS COLETIVAS EM SUAS EXPERIÊNCIAS COM ROTINAS ORGANIZACIONAIS

SAMANTHA LUIZA DE SOUZA BROMAN 29 September 2015 (has links)
[pt] As Competências Coletivas são estudadas tanto pelo campo da gestão estratégica como pelo campo da gestão de pessoas. O presente trabalho pesquisou sobre a formação de competências no aspecto coletivo a partir de percepções relatadas por gestores de equipes que desempenham rotinas organizacionais, especificamente as orçamentárias. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa fenomenográfica, no período de 11 de setembro a 16 de novembro de 2014, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores de 17 organizações, das quais 15 ocorreram na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e 2 foram realizadas por Skype com profissionais atuantes em São Paulo. A análise das variações das experiências dos gestores com as respectivas equipes, no contexto do mesmo tipo de rotina de orçamento, resultou na identificação de competências coletivas descritas em um espaço de resultados composto pelas categorias de descrição: Comprometimento com a Entrega, Reconfiguração das Rotinas, Harmonização da Equipe, Colaboração com o Aprendizado do Grupo e Construção de Redes de Relacionamento. Essas categorias foram organizadas de acordo com sete dimensões explicativas: Rotinas Performativas, Rotinas Ostensivas, Natureza das Relações, Autonomia, Abrangência da Ação, Agenda de Atividades e Ferramentas (artefatos). Essas dimensões emergiram dos relatos em grau de abrangência crescente e eram relativas à forma como os entrevistados percebiam o cumprimento das demandas previstas no processo orçamentário empresarial. Os resultados apontaram que os membros das equipes buscam estar aptos para se adaptarem às situações e há uma evolução da perspectiva do grupo para a perspectiva da organização à medida que exercem a autonomia concedida por seus gestores. / [en] Collective Competences are studied as much by the field of strategic management as it is by the field of people management. This paper features a research about the creation of competences within the collective aspect based on told perspectives reported by team managers that apply organizational routines, specifically budgetary ones. A phenomenographic research was done from September 11th, 2014 until November 16th, 2014 based on semi structured interviews with managers from 17 organizations, 15 of which in Rio de Janeiro and the remaining 2, via Skype, with active professionals in São Paulo. The analysis on the variation of managers experiences with their respective teams, in the same budgetary routine context, resulted in the identification of collective competences described in a results section composed by the describing categories: Commitment to Delivery, Routine Reconfiguration, Harmonization of the Team, Collaboration with the Team s Learning and Networking Construction. These categories were organized according to seven explanatory dimensions: Performative Routines, Ostensive Routines, Nature of Relations, Autonomy, Scope of Action, Activities Agenda and Tools (artifacts). These categories emerged from reports based on an ascending degree of coverage and were related to the way in which the interviewees perceived compliance of foreseen demands in the company s budgetary process. The results show that members of teams seek being apt to adapt to situations and there is an evolution in the group s perspective regarding the organization s perspective as they perform given autonomy by their managers.
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ORDENAÇÃO DOS PARÂMETROS PARA AJUSTAMENTO E ANÁLISE DA QUALIDADE DE REDES GEODÉSICAS ALTIMÉTRICAS GEOMÉTRICAS / ORDERING OF PARAMETERS FOR ADJUSTMENT AND ANALYSIS OF QUALITY IN ALTIMETRIC GEODETIC NETS

Schünemann, Adriano Luis 04 March 2005 (has links)
In altimetric geodetic surveys, according to the kind of its usage, it is necessary to know the quality of those estimated altitudes. In order to do so, in Geodesy, the adjustment of estimated measurements and/or parameters is used, being the criterion of minimum squares used, not only for the Parametric Model but also the Correlate one or the Combined one. It is common the concept and the methodological development in literature in general cases of adjustment. The development for specific cases might not be a trivial task for the ones who are not directly familiar with this matter, like computing system programmers. This paper aims to order, in a didactic way, the necessary procedures of altimetric geodetic nets adjustment and quality analisys by using the Parameter Model in order to facilitate the implementation of programmable routines. Based on those procedures, processing routines in Matlab 5.1 have been implemented aiming to verify their functioning in a practical test provided with real data. To do so, an altimetric assessment of a geodetic net of ten points, with a level NI2 of KARL ZEISS was carried out. Eight out of these points needed to know their altimetric coordinates and in two out of these points their heigts were already known, points which are called here as injunction ones, PAI and PA2, from which the assessment was attached to. From the leveling of these points seventeen (17) unevenness were obtained. By using those data taken in the field, an adjustment of this net was made by the parametrical model of the minimum square method. After the adjustment, analysis of the adjustment itself was made through the statistics of the quisquare test for the detection of gross mistakes, where the variants of weight unit were compared before and after it. In this evaluation, a difficulty of framing the adjustment inside the area of acceptance was observed and it was needed to alter the initial standard deviation (nominal) of the instrument. This demonstrated the necessity of having checking of those instruments used in order to know their real values of precision during their useful lives so that the data taken from them can be used in safety. Also, a calculus of the redundancy matrix and its trace and the snooping data test of Baarda were carried out. The data, the values calculated and the routines are shown here / Em levantamentos geodésicos altimétricos, de acordo com o tipo de aplicação a que se destina, se faz necessário conhecer a qualidade das altitudes estimadas. Para isso, em Geodésia, se utiliza o ajustamento das medidas e parâmetros estimados, utilizando-se o Método dos Mínimos Quadrados, com o modelo paramétrico ou o modelo dos correlatos ou o modelo combinado. É comum na literatura o desenvolvimento conceitual e metodológico do ajustamento pelo Método dos Mínimos Quadrados. O desenvolvimento para casos específicos pode não ser uma tarefa trivial para os não familiarizados diretamente com o assunto, como é o caso de programadores de sistemas de informática. O presente trabalho objetiva ordenar de forma didática os procedimentos necessários ao ajustamento de redes geodésicas altimétricas pelo modelo paramétrico do Método dos Mínimos Quadrados, de forma a facilitar a implementação de rotinas programáveis. Baseando-se naqueles procedimentos, implementou-se rotinas de processamento em Matlab 5.1 visando verificar sua funcionabilidade em um teste prático com dados reais. Para tal, realizou-se o levantamento altimétrico de uma rede geodésica de 10 pontos, com um Nível NI2 da KARL ZEISS. Desses pontos, 8 desejava-se conhecer as suas coordenadas altimétricas, ou cotas, e em 2 deles conhecia-se as suas cotas, que são os pontos aqui chamados de injuncionais, PA1 e PA2, aos quais amarrou-se o levantamento. Do nivelamento desses pontos obteve-se 17 desníveis. Com os dados levantados a campo realizou-se o ajustamento desta rede pelo modelo paramétrico do método dos mínimos quadrados. Após o ajustamento realizou-se a análise do mesmo através das estatísticas do teste qui-quadrado para detecção de erros grosseiros, onde comparou-se as variâncias de unidade de peso a priori e a posteriori. Nesta avaliação, observou-se a dificuldade de enquadramento do ajustamento dentro da área de aceitação, necessitando-se alterar o desvio padrão inicial (nominal) do instrumento. Isto demonstrou a necessidade de se realizar aferições dos instrumentos utilizados para que se conheçam seus reais valores de precisão ao longo da vida útil dos mesmos, de modo que os dados obtidos com auxílio dos mesmos possam ser utilizados com segurança. Ainda, realizou-se o cálculo da matriz redundância e de seu traço, da redundância e do teste data snooping de Baarda. Os dados, valores calculados e rotinas programadas são apresentadas

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