Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work discusses about reading and its new contexts of production and placement, as well as the contribution of digital literacy for the construction of meaning in literary text by the students of 9th grade in elementary school. It also tries to develop strategies for improving reading competence and critical understanding from the reading and analysis of texts in Sergipe’s literature, in order to exploit the linguistic identity and socio-cultural aspects of the region and thus make clear the importance of the act of reading in the expression of thought, social interaction and civic education. To develop these strategies, the use of IKT (Information and Knowledge Technology) is welcomed by aid analysis of excerpts from works and the production of hypertext, through hyperlinks, always valuing the creative process of the student and noting its critical positioning/understanding across the text. The theoretical basis of this TCF is based on Xavier (2002, 2013), Rojo (2012, 2013, 2015), Santaella (2007), Chartier (1998) and Aguiar and Bordini (1988). Thus, in the introduction, the reader is located in the selected theme; in the chapter on theoretical considerations, the focus is the text theories, reading, multiliteracy and Hypertext; in Chapter 3, the methodology will be outlined to in the next chapter, the educational notebook, be detailed and implemented; data analysis will be considered in Chapter 5; and to complete this research, concluding remarks are in Chapter 6. Hopefully, with this work, which students can achieve a satisfactory development of reading as a social practice, realizing its functionality from the language tags that are highlighted in the text and in their lines. Moreover, that enables educators, teaching new perspectives supported on new technologies as a means of motivation to practice teaching, extension to look for new forms of literacy, in which the student and his socio-historical context are necessary parts of action and which thus can bring resignifications to the text in its social use. / O trabalho em questão discute a respeito da leitura e de seus novos contextos de veiculação e produção, bem como da contribuição do letramento digital para a construção de sentidos no texto literário pelos alunos do 9º ano do ensino fundamental. Além disso, visa desenvolver estratégias para o aprimoramento da competência leitora e de compreensão crítica a partir da leitura e análise de textos da literatura sergipana, de modo a valorizar a identidade linguística, bem como os aspectos socioculturais da região e, assim, tornar clara a importância do ato de ler na expressão do pensamento, para a interação social e para a formação cidadã. Para desenvolver essas estratégias, a utilização das TIC (Tecnologias de Informação e Conhecimento) é bem-vinda por auxiliar a análise dos excertos das obras e a produção de hipertextos, através dos hiperlinks, sempre valorizando o processo criativo do aluno e constatando seu posicionamento crítico/compreensivo frente ao texto. O aporte teórico deste TCF fundamenta-se em Xavier (2002, 2013), Rojo (2012, 2013, 2015), Santaella (2007), Chartier (1998) e Aguiar e Bordini (1988). Assim, na introdução, situa-se o leitor na temática abordada; no capítulo das considerações teóricas, o foco será as teorias de texto, leitura, multiletramento e Hipertexto; no capítulo 3, a metodologia será explicitada para, no próximo capítulo, o caderno pedagógico, ser detalhada e aplicada; a análise de dados será considerada no capítulo 5; e para concluir esta pesquisa, as considerações finais estão no capítulo 6. Espera-se, com esse trabalho, que os alunos consigam atingir um desenvolvimento satisfatório de leitura enquanto prática social, percebendo sua funcionalidade a partir das marcas linguísticas que se evidenciam no texto e em suas entrelinhas. Além disso, que possibilite a educadores novas perspectivas de ensino apoiadas nas novas tecnologias como forma de motivação à prática pedagógica, de ampliação de olhar para as novas formas de letramento, nas quais o aluno e seu contexto sócio-histórico sejam peças fundamentais de ação e que, assim, possa trazer ressignificações ao texto em seu uso social.

Orientador: Ines Signorini / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T12:40:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Miguel_FernandaValimCortes_M.pdf: 2964874 bytes, checksum: 55f7cb3c445941346602419aa191b7cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Nesta dissertação de mestrado, investigamos a prática situada de crítica cinematográfica a partir da problematização dos modos como integrantes da comunidade especializada de críticos de cinema concebem o papel da atividade midiático-jornalística na constituição de suas próprias produções escritas. Tal problematização é feita com base em textualizações de entrevistas realizadas com integrantes desta comunidade, bem como com integrantes de uma comunidade de estudantes universitários. Outras fontes textuais, orais e escritas, em circulação na internet, também constituem a base documental da pesquisa. A análise desses documentos mostrou que os produtos culturais da prática situada de crítica cinematográfica - isto é, as críticas - nem sempre foram consensualmente vistos por nossos entrevistados como filiados ao gênero crítico cinematográfico. Este fato nos motivou a buscar compreender com base em quais critérios essas comunidades, especializadas ou não, justificariam a inclusão ou a exclusão de certas críticas do domínio do gênero 'crítica cinematográfica'. Partindo da perspectiva da teoria da atividade, pudemos encarar a própria crítica de cinema como uma prática social que poderia ser realizada por diferentes pessoas em diferentes contextos. Acreditamos que argumentar em favor da legitimidade deste deslocamento conceitual poderia contribuir para desafiar a visão de que existiria um único espaço social legítimo de produção de críticas cinematográficas / Abstract: In this master's thesis, we have investigated the situated practice of film criticism from the problematization of the ways in which members of the specialized film critics conceive the role of media-journalistic activity in the formation of their own written productions. This problematization is based on interviews with members of this community, as well as members of a community of university students. Other textual sources, both oral and written, in circulation on the Internet, also constitute the basis of documentary research. The analysis of these documents showed that the cultural products of the situated practice of film criticism - that is, the written critiques - were not always consensually seen by our interviewees as belonging to the genre 'film critique'. This fact led us to seek to understand which criteria these communities, specialized or not, used to undergird the inclusion or exclusion of certain critiques of the field in the genre 'film critique". From the perspective of the activity theory, we began to understand the 'film criticism' as a social practice that could be performed by different people in different contexts. We believe that arguing in favor of the legitimacy of this conceptual shift might help to challenge the view that there is only one legitimate social space for the production of film criticism / Mestrado / Lingua Materna / Mestre em Linguística Aplicada

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2014-11-20T10:26:55Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Maisa Dias Honorio - 2013.pdf: 6689060 bytes, checksum: bd6a28e91e820635e7002471159ce354 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-11-20T14:37:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Maisa Dias Honorio - 2013.pdf: 6689060 bytes, checksum: bd6a28e91e820635e7002471159ce354 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-20T14:37:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Maisa Dias Honorio - 2013.pdf: 6689060 bytes, checksum: bd6a28e91e820635e7002471159ce354 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-27 / Opening the range of possibilities that Linguistics offers us, especially studies of Discourse Analysis which focus on discourses from every activity of human sphere, I propose a study directed by analysis of collisions between legal and religious discourses which are present in some legal practices in our country. A priori, the Bakhtinian notions, as well as those elucidated by Foucault, Fairclough, Marcuschi have guided the theoretical paths gone through in this analysis by focusing on the dialogical character and, then, these two Intertextual discursive instances here taken as principles of analysis, Legal Discourse and Religious Discourse. This Research was developed by the selection of judicial records available in the archive sessions of the Court of Justice of the State of Goiás and, subsequently analyzed from the theoretical scope above-mentioned. The concepts of Religion and Law which are designed nowadays, and consequently the Religious and Legal discourse, is the result of various changes through the years. A legal discourse that dictates what is right and wrong, and judging based on the laws of conduct and ethics formulated by a secular state (our country) and a doctrine that rules customs and practices which evidence the path presented by God to ascend to heaven or punishment with hell, from the Holy Writs held by several segments as a Christian or Protestant, for example. As for the discourse analyst, the aim of this study is to identify the textual chain and the textual genres and their constituents that make up the judicial records that served as the corpus for this study and to identify the possible discursive formations and their constituent discourses, by observing as a discourse has the power to cover up other discourses in order to establish the effects of the senses that enable the formation of subjects as well as their positions in different discursive spheres, thus pointing the refraction of subjects, objects and images , such as the notions of ―Legality‖, ―Norm‖ and ―Conduct‖ what is common to both discursive domains here assumed as the object of analysis . Notably, another common trait emerging from the analyzed parts refers to the linearity of their constituent processes of production, distribution and consumption of these same texts, these aspects directly bound to the specificity of judicial social practice in particular. / Abrindo o leque de possibilidades que a linguística nos oferece, sobretudo os estudos da Análise do Discurso que toma como objeto os discursos oriundos de toda atividade da esfera humana, proponho um estudo direcionado de análise entre as colisões dos discursos jurídico e religioso presentes em algumas práticas jurídicas de nosso país. A priori, as noções bakhtinianas, bem como as elucidadas por Foucault, Marcuschi e Fairclough nortearam os caminhos teóricos percorridos nesta análise tomando como foco o caráter dialógico e, logo, intertextual dessas duas instâncias discursivas aqui tomadas como pressupostos de análise, o Discurso Jurídico e Religioso. A Pesquisa se desenvolveu mediante seleção dos autos processuais disponíveis nas sessões de arquivo do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Goiás que posteriormente foram analisadas a partir do escopo teórico supracitado. Os conceitos concebidos na atualidade de religião e direito, e consequentemente de discurso jurídico e religioso, é fruto de várias mudanças ao longo dos tempos. Um discurso jurídico que dita o que é certo e errado e que julga a partir das leis baseadas na boa conduta e na ética formuladas por um Estado laico (nosso país) e uma doutrina que rege costumes e práticas evidenciando o caminho apresentado por Deus para a ascensão aos céus ou a punição com a ida para o inferno, a partir de escrituras sagradas apoiadas em diversas vertentes de seguimentos como cristão ou protestantes, por exemplo. Assim como para o analista do discurso, o objetivo desse estudo circunda em identificar a cadeia textual e seus gêneros constituintes que compõem os autos dos processos que serviram de corpus para a presente pesquisa, além de identificar as possíveis formações discursivas e seus discursos constituintes, observando como um discurso tem o poder de encobrir outros discursos para poder estabelecer os efeitos de sentidos que possibilitam as formações de sujeitos, bem como suas posições em diferentes esferas discursivas apontando assim a refração de sujeitos, objetos e imagens, como por exemplo, as noções de ―Legalidade, ―Norma‖ e ―Conduta‖ comuns aos dois domínios discursivos aqui tomados como objeto de análise. Notadamente, outro traço comum emergente das peças analisadas refere-se à linearidade constituinte dos respectivos processos de produção, distribuição e consumo destes mesmos textos, aspectos estes diretamente ligados à especificidade da prática social jurídica em particular.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O presente trabalho trata sobre o saber da prÃtica social elaborado nas lutas pela moradia em Fortaleza, no inÃcio da dÃcada de 1980 atà 1998, com foco nas estratÃgias de ocupaÃÃo planejada de terrenos. A primeira parte do estudo, composta de trÃs capÃtulos, versa sobre a trajetÃria da habitaÃÃo popular e a luta pela hegemonia na ocupaÃÃo do espaÃo urbano, a expansÃo da cidade de Fortaleza e um panorama atual da dinÃmica da Cidade, no que se refere Ãs opÃÃes de moradia para a maioria da populaÃÃo. A segunda parte, composta de dois capÃtulos, discorre acerca do saber da prÃtica social, elaborado nas lutas por moradia, enfocando, especificamente a organizaÃÃo dos movimentos de bairros em Fortaleza, e refletindo sobre a relaÃÃo entre os saberes produzidos nas experiÃncias de ocupaÃÃes planejadas, tanto na luta pelo terreno, quanto na construÃÃo das casas, e sua influÃncia na conduÃÃo do Programa MutirÃes Habitacionais. As experiÃncias estudadas localizam-se nos bairros de Messejana, Bairro Ellery, Pirambu e Dias Macedo. O estudo utilizou como fonte de informaÃÃo as narrativas de lideranÃas, atores destas ocupaÃÃes, dirigentes das entidades federativas locais no perÃodo, tÃcnicos de organizaÃÃes governamentais e nÃo-governametais, parlamentares, militantes de setores da Igreja CatÃlica, membros do Conselho Municipal de HabitaÃÃo, alÃm de documentos oficiais, acervos das entidades, dados estatÃsticos, jornais e outros estudos realizados. / This study discusses the knowledge and know-how acquired during the fight for housing in Fortaleza from 1980 to 1998 and â more specifically â in the production of strategies and the organized squatting of land for improved acess to housing. The first of the study includes theree chapters. The first retrace the story of policies for low-income housing in Brasil and of the struggle for hegemony in the occupation of urban space. The second chapter discusses the spatial grwth of Fortaleza, its contradictions and the resulting forms and means of segregation. The third describes the urban dynamics observed in the city relating to the housing conditions and opportunities of the majority of the population. The second part includes two chapters and discusses the knowledge and know-how developed during the struggle for housing and through the related social practices â especially in Fortalezaâs community organizations. These chapters examine the relationship between the knowledge produced during experiences in planned squatting â from the fight for land to the construction of the houses â and the changes in the mutirÃo1 programs and their management. Case studies from Fortalezaâs neighborhoods of Messejana, Bairro Ellery, Pirambu and Dias MacÃdo are presented. The principal sources of data and information were the oral testimonials of community leaders, suatters, coordinators os federations of neighborhood associations, technical staff os government bodies, NGO representatives, members of parliament, activists of progressive segments of the Catholic Church and members of the Joint Council for Housing. This information was cross-checked against official documents and statistics of the State of Cearà and the City of Fortaleza, data from community organizations, new clippings and academic studies on the topic.

Den här uppsatsen diskuterar hållbart resande, ett vanligt förekommande begrepp i och med det högaktuella begreppet hållbar utveckling. Hållbart resande undersöks i två mindre kommuner i Östergötland för att undersöka vilka uppfattningar och förutsättningar som medborgare och tjänstemän har. Uppsatsen studerar även vilka faktorer som påverkar vid val av färdmedel. Uppsatsen inkluderar intervjuer tillsammans med tjänstemän och medborgare i kommunerna Boxholm och Ödeshög. För att analysera det insamlade materialet tillämpas teorin social praktik, där begreppen kompetens, material och mening står i fokus. Resultatet visar på en gemensam syn gällande avsaknaden av tillgänglighet i kommunerna, framför allt till kollektivtrafik.  Det finns även en förändringsvilja i handlingsmönstret hos medborgarna till att resa mer hållbart men då kompetens och material saknas är det inte möjligt idag. Från kommunens sida finns det också en pågående förändringsvilja med visioner och ambitioner för att erbjuda medborgarna hållbara resalternativ. / This essay discusses sustainable travel which is a common concept in connection with sustainable development. Two small municipalities have been studied in Östergötland, Sweden to assess what individuals and planners think about sustainable travel in their communities. The method used in this essay was to interview with citizens and planners in the municipalities Ödeshög and Boxholm. To analyse the data collection, we apply the theory social practice which focuses on the three elements: materials, competences, meanings. The results show a lack of accessibility in the municipalities, especially in public transport. Furthermore, the result shows that the citizens have a will towards changing their behaviour to transport in a more sustainable way. From the citizens perspectives there was a lack of competences and materials which prevented them from traveling in a more sustainable way. We also saw a will from the planners to change behaviour in their ambitions towards more sustainable travel options.

Das Dissertationsvorhaben greift zu Beginn einen Praxisfall im Krankenhaus auf und verdeutlicht exemplarisch, dass der Krankenhausarzt in einen Konflikt zwischen ökonomischen und ethischen Anforderungen gerät. Um die Frage beantworten zu können, wie die soziale Praxis der Krankenhausärzte gelingen kann, wird das Problem im ersten Schritt rekonstruiert. Nach der Diskussion verschiedener Lösungsansätze für das Problem im zweiten Schritt, werden im dritten Schritt Anregungen für die Praxis abgeleitet.

The thesis shows how practice theory can be applied in different ways when exploring how daily life can be supported to become more environmentally sustainable. Ultimately the thesis aims to contribute to new knowledge on how to design policies and interventions that aim at facilitating environmentally sustainable practices.  This thesis argues that practice theory is useful in the field of sustainability research since it offers as point of departure a perspective on human everyday life which decentres focus from individual behaviour and instead looks at how social practices are constructed by integrating and combining material, bodily and mental elements. The thesis discusses the following questions: i) How can the role of ICT in everyday life be conceptualized from a practice perspective?, ii) How can practice theory be used in order to describe and assess second order environmental effects? and iii) What are the key considerations from a practice perspective when designing social/physical interventions for sustainable mobility? The papers in this thesis all use practice theory as point of departure but with different outcomes. Practice theory is thus used conceptually, methodologically and analytically. The main conclusions of the thesis are:  Changes in practices due to ICT usage will inevitably have environmental impacts, both negative and positive, and for policy-makers it is imperative to take this into consideration when planning for the future and actively support and facilitate sustainable social practices. Looking at changes in practices due to new ICT usage can be one way to include second order effects in environmental assessments, in this way contributing to a discussion of potential environmental impacts from implementing a new product, application or service. Interventions, such as a cargo bike pool or restrictive work travel policies, have the potential to change existing practices. However, the potential of these changes, depend on a variety of different factors which are more or less difficult to influence for the individual practitioner such as work location, time schedules, availability of transportation means and modes. Further, it is difficult to foresee exactly how such changes will look and if they sustain in the long run. Finally, it is not necessarily so that an intervention will have the desired outcome that was intended, the outcome might be something else, consequently this means that interventions need to be analysed and assessed from other perspectives, one being a practice perspective. / Denna avhandling visar hur praktikteori (practice theory) kan tillämpas på olika sätt när man ska utforska hur det dagliga livet kan bli mer miljömässigt hållbart. Ytterst syftar avhandlingen till att bidra till ny kunskap om hur man kan utforma strategier och åtgärder som syftar till att stödja miljömässigt hållbara praktiker. Denna avhandling hävdar att praktikteori är användbart inom hållbarhetsforskning eftersom den utgår från de vardagliga praktikerna. Detta ger ett perspektiv på människors vardagsliv som lyfter fokus upp från individens beteende och istället undersöker hur praktiker skapas och omskapas genom de element (material, färdigheter och symbolisk innebörd) som utgör en social praktik. Avhandlingen behandlar följande frågor: i) Hur kan IKT: s roll i det dagliga livet begreppsliggöras?, ii) Hur kan praktikteori användas för att beskriva och andra ordningens miljöeffekter i miljöbedömningar? och iii) Vilka är de viktigaste överväganden utifrån ett praktikteoriperspektiv vid utformningen av sociala och/eller fysiska åtgärder för hållbar mobilitet? Artiklarna i denna avhandling utgår från praktikteori, men det teoretiska ramverket används på ett konceptuellt, metodologiskt eller analytiskt vis i de olika artiklarna. De viktigaste slutsatserna i avhandlingen är: Förändringar i till följd av IKT-användning kommer oundvikligen ha miljöpåverkan som kan vara både negativ och positiv.  För beslutsfattare är det viktigt att ta hänsyn till detta när man planerar för framtiden och aktivt stödja och underlätta för hållbara sociala praktiker. Miljöbedömningar behöver kunna hantera och inkludera så kallade effekter av andra ordningen för att kunna bedöma potentiell miljöpåverkan som en ny produkt, program eller en tjänst kan ha. Ett sätt att inkludera andra ordningens effekter i miljöbedömningar kan vara att titta på förändringar i vardagliga praktiker som uppstår vid användning av IKT. Interventioner och andra typer av åtgärder har potential att förändra befintliga mobilitetspraktiker. Men dessa potentiella förändringar, beror på en rad olika faktorer som är mer eller mindre svårt att påverka för den enskilde utövaren så som arbetsplatsens lokalisering, scheman, tillgång till transportmedel och transportsätt. Vidare är det svårt att förutse exakt hur sådana förändringar kommer att se ut och om de håller i sig i det långa loppet. Slutligen är det inte nödvändigtvis så att en intervention eller annan åtgärd kommer att ha det önskade resultatet som avsågs, utan resultatet kan snarare vara något annat. Detta innebär att insatser och åtgärder måste analyseras och bedömas ur andra perspektiv, till exempel ett praktikteoretiskt perspektiv. / <p>QC 20151023</p>

Food production has been shown to have considerable negative impacts on the environment. A means to reduce this is to choose organic products when shopping for food. Through the case of the EcoPanel, a web application prototype that visualises the organic proportion of the household’s food shopping, the thesis explores the intersection between design, reflection and sustainable food shopping practices. In order to contextualise the role of the EcoPanel, the text discusses the concept of food shopping practice, both from the perspective of social practice theory (SPT), and the more focused food choice perspective. The studies show that it is fundamental to understand the complexity of choosing food, and the habitual aspect of practice, in order to understand the role of reflection in food shopping practice, and consequently the role of a tool for reflective decision-making, like the EcoPanel. We have used a research through design approach to develop the EcoPanel prototype. In an iterative process we probed how the EcoPanel could be designed to be as relevant and accessible for the users as possible. Essential in the process were the iterative user feedback sessions. The way in which the users answered the questions from the sessions formed the guiding principles for the development of the design. A central question in the thesis is to explore in what ways the users’ access to their individual sustainable grocery data provided by the EcoPanel affects their food shopping practices. The studies include monitoring sixty-five users of the EcoPanel over five months, a survey regarding aspects of lifestyle and attitudes to food, and interviews with ten of the users. The long-term study shows an increased organic purchase level (17%) for the EcoPanel users in comparison to the reference group. We also see that when the users receive feedback on their organic food purchases through the EcoPanel, they can make more reflective decisions. This is shown to be highly relevant and creates meaning for the users in several different ways. From this result, in combination with the result of the long-term study, we can conclude that the EcoPanel contributes with support for more sustainable food practices. The last question in the thesis is to understand how SPT can be useful for design practice. SPT shows a view that goes beyond the traditional interaction perspective, and points to the importance of approaching complex issues, such as sustainability challenges, with an awareness that also includes social and cultural aspects of the context. As well as this view being pertinent when approaching sustainability issues, it also provides value to designers in their emerging roles of dealing with more socially embedded concerns, such as social innovation and design for public policies. / <p>QC 20160311</p>

Studiens syfte är att bidra med kunskap om några grundskollärares och en specialpedagogs upplevelser av och syn på språk- och kunskapsutvecklande arbetssätt med särskilt fokus på transspråkande förhållningssätt. Studiens syfte är också att bidra med kunskap om speciallärarens roll i arbetet med att främja transspråkande i undervisningen för elever i behov av språkligt stöd. De teoretiska ramarna för studien utgörs av sociokulturella perspektiv och interkulturellt pedagogiskt perspektiv. Studiens ansats är kvalitativ och studiens data samlades in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Utifrån lärarnas beskrivningar synliggörs såväl fördelar som utmaningar med transspråkande förhållningssätt i undervisningen. Den enskilt mest framträdande framgångsfaktorn för att transspråkande undervisning kan ske är enligt studiens resultat lärarens förhållningssätt och positiva inställning till alla språk. Resultatet visar vidare att transspråkande förhållningssätt i undervisning kan vara ett sätt att förebygga diskriminering och främlingsfientlighet. Studiens specialpedagogiska relevans synliggörs genom att studien visar att specialläraren kan vara en resurs i att utforma stöttande undervisning för flerspråkiga elever samt i att utbilda och informera lärare kring transspråkande. / The purpose of the study is to contribute with knowledge of some teachers' and a special educator's experiences of and views on language and knowledge development working methods with a special focus on translanguaging approaches. The purpose of the study is also to contribute with knowledge about the role of the special needs teacher in the work of promoting translanguaging in teaching for students in need of language support. The theoretical framework for the study consists of socio-cultural perspectives and intercultural pedagogical perspectives. The study approach is qualitative and the study data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Based on the teachers' descriptions, both advantages and challenges with translanguage approaches in teaching are made visible. According to the results of the study, the single most prominent success factor for translanguaging teaching to take place is the teacher's positive attitude towards all languages. The results also show that translanguaging approaches in teaching can be a way to prevent discrimination and xenophobia. The study's special pedagogical relevance is made visible by the fact that the study shows that the special needs teacher can be a resource in designing supportive teaching for multilingual students and in educating and informing teachers about translanguaging.

Public libraries are the largest mediators of literature to young children in Sweden. They are obligated to pay special attention to children, and to offer various literature and service that meets the needs of different people. It’s important that libraries offer a wide range of literature that shows a diversity of people and relations for children to be able to relate and thereby find the motivation to keep on reading. Norm creativity (normkreativitet) is a method used to challenge and broaden already existing norms. This essay study how Swedish children librarians apply norm creativity in their everyday practice. This is done by conducting a qualitative analysis in which I’ve interviewed five children’s librarians in five randomly selected public libraries about purchase, weeding, selection for storytelling and highlighting of books in the library.  Shove, Pantzar and Watsons practical social theory is used to describe how librarians can either change norms or deliberately or unconsciously help consolidate already prevailing norms in their everyday practice. The theory contains three elements; material, competence and meaning.  The result shows that it´s up to one and each librarian to apply norm creativity and that it´s very different how well-informed and motivated they are. Lack of published materials and problem finding reviews affects the purchases. The librarians also reflect on how some published books have the purpose to show diversity at the expense of quality.