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Desenvolvimento regional: um debate sobre as pol?ticas industriais no Rio Grande do NorteLima, ?rica Priscila Carvalho de 22 May 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-05-22 / O debate do desenvolvimento econ?mico ressalta a emerg?ncia de uma gradual mudan?a da
estrutura econ?mica, que passaria de um est?gio agr?rio para o industrial e, posteriormente,
com um setor terci?rio predominante. Entretanto, a elevada desigualdade regional brasileira
resultou na coexist?ncia de espa?os modernos e outros atrasados. Tais disparidades s?o
vis?veis n?o s? no aspecto econ?mico, mas espacial, social e ambiental. Embora o Brasil tenha
atravessado mudan?as na estrutura produtiva, bem como na localiza??o destas atividades, as
disparidades espa?o-territoriais se manifestam em um elevado n?vel de heterogeneidade
regional. Diante desse contexto, o Nordeste emerge como uma regi?o que historicamente foi
caracterizada pelo atraso socioecon?mico e pela presen?a dos piores indicadores de
desigualdades. A presen?a destes indicadores que indicam o atraso socioecon?mico da regi?o
frentes ?s demais colabora para a prioridade da a??o de pol?ticas p?blicas voltadas para
reverterem essa disparidade regional. A descri??o hist?rica das pol?ticas de desenvolvimento
de cunho regional mostra que o Estado desempenhou papel central em prol do ordenamento
territorial. Al?m da cria??o de ?rg?os de desenvolvimento, como a Sudene no Nordeste, os
incentivos fiscais e financeiros foram estrat?gias amplamente utilizadas na regi?o para
promover uma maior integra??o nacional. No entanto, a utiliza??o dos incentivos ? bastante
discutida tendo em vista as poss?veis vantagens e desvantagens trazidas pelo seu uso. Desta
forma o presente estudo pretende construir uma ferramenta de aporte te?rico para a
constru??o de pol?ticas p?blicas eficazes para a industrializa??o no Nordeste e,
especificamente, do Rio Grande do Norte. / The discussion of economic development emphasizes the emergence of a gradual change of
economic structure, which would rise from an agrarian to the industrial stage, and later with a
predominant tertiary sector. However, the high Brazilian regional inequality resulted in the
coexistence of modern spaces and other arrears. Such disparities are visible not only in
economics, but spatial, social and environmental. Although Brazil has gone through changes
in the production structure and the location of these activities, space - territorial disparities
manifest themselves in a high level of regional heterogeneity. In this context, the Northeast
emerged as a region that has historically been characterized by socioeconomic backwardness
and the presence of the worst indicators of inequality. The presence of these indicators
showing the socioeconomic backwardness of the other fronts region contributes to the priority
of action aimed at reverting this regional disparity public policy. The historical account of the
development policies of regional studies shows that the state played a pivotal role in ensuring
regional planning. Besides the creation of development agencies such as the Northeast
Sudene, tax and financial incentives have been widely used strategies in the region to foster
greater national integration. However, the use of incentives is much discussed in view of the
possible advantages and disadvantages brought by its use. Thus, this study aims to build a
theoretical framework tool for building effective public policies for industrialization in the
Northeast, specifically in Rio Grande do Norte.
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Pr?ticas integrativas e complementares em Currais Novos/RN: uso de plantas medicinais? / Complementary and holistic practices in Currais Novos/RN: the use of medicinal plantsSantos, Danielle Chacon dos 12 August 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-08-12 / Este trabalho teve o objetivo de compreender como profissionais das equipes
da Estrat?gia Sa?de da Fam?lia e usu?rios do Munic?pio de Currais Novos/RN
lidam com a utiliza??o (ou n?o) de plantas medicinais como uma das Pr?ticas
Integrativas e Complementares no SUS. A pesquisa ? do tipo qualitativo e
apresenta como instrumento de coleta de dados um roteiro de entrevista
semiestruturada, relacionada a quest?es que contemplaram o objetivo
proposto. As entrevistas foram utilizadas com os profissionais e usu?rios, com
base nas quest?es formuladas em um question?rio e foram gravadas, com a
anu?ncia dos mesmos, sendo posteriormente transcritas em di?rio de campo.
Foram sujeitos do estudo os profissionais m?dicos, enfermeiros, dentistas e
agentes comunit?rios de sa?de de equipes de Estrat?gia Sa?de da Fam?lia do
munic?pio, totalizando 24 profissionais de sa?de, como tamb?m 10 usu?rios
identificados como pessoas que utilizavam plantas medicinais para o cuidado
de sua sa?de que se mostraram volunt?rios para a pesquisa. A partir deste
estudo, pode-se perceber a import?ncia atribu?da, tanto pelos profissionais de
sa?de quanto pelos usu?rios, ? utiliza??o de plantas medicinais, como tamb?m
evidenciar que ? na tradi??o familiar que se encontra a principal forma de
dissemina??o do conhecimento a respeito da utiliza??o das mesmas. A maioria
das plantas medicinais tiveram indica??es populares semelhantes ?s
indica??es cient?ficas de uso, por?m 70% dos usu?rios referiram nunca terem
recebido de profissionais de sa?de orienta??es e incentivo de utiliza??o desta
pr?tica de cuidado. Metade dos profissionais entrevistados relatou n?o sentir
seguran?a para prescrever plantas medicinais, apenas 25% afirmaram ter
recebido durante a gradua??o informa??o sobre o assunto. Espera-se, com o
desenvolvimento deste estudo, contribuir para incentivar e tornar poss?vel a
implanta??o de protocolos de aten??o por parte dos profissionais de sa?de,
al?m de ampliar o cuidado integral, o acesso a outras op??es terap?uticas, a
participa??o dos usu?rios e o fortalecimento do v?nculo no ?mbito da aten??o
b?sica e da Estrat?gia Sa?de da Fam?lia / The objective of this study is to investigate how the team of health professionals
of the Family Health Strategies program and clients in Currais Novos/RN deal
with the use (or not) of medicinal plants as one of the complementary and
holistic practices in the Individual Health System (SUS in Portuguese). The
research is carried out using a qualitative approach, applying semi-structured
interviews, related to the proposed objective, as the instruments of data
collection. The interviews applied to professionals and clients were based on
questionnaires and were recorded, with their permission, then transcribed in a
field diary. The subjects of the study were doctors, nurses, dentists and
community health agents of the Family Health Strategies team, totaling 24
(twenty four) health professionals, as well as ten volunteers identified in the
research as people who use medicinal plants for health care purposes. From
this study, we verify the great importance that health professionals and clients
attribute to the use of medicinal plants, as well as evidence that family tradition
is the main vehicle for the dissemination of knowledge regarding their use. Most
medicinal plants had popular indications similar of those used scientifically,
however, 70% of the clients reported never having had medical health advice or
encouragement to use medicinal plants in their treatments. Half of the group of
professionals interviewed reported not feeling safe in prescribing medicinal
plants; approximately 25% reported having received information on the subject
during their undergraduate program. Expected outcomes of this study include
instigating the implementation of treatment protocols by the health
professionals, and broadening holistic care practices, as well as access to
alternative therapeutic options, client participation, ultimately strengthening the
link between primary care and Family Health Strategies
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For the win (FTW)! Contribui??es de um serious game para o ensino-aprendizagem de argumenta??oSilva, Francisco Geoci da 20 February 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-02-20 / Pesquisa qualitativa e reflexiva que focaliza o letramento digital. Dentre as m?dias digitais que
poderiam subsidiar o ensino de argumenta??o nos cursos de Bacharelado em Ci?ncias e
Tecnologia (BCT) e de Bacharelado em Tecnologia da Informa??o (BTI), da Universidade
Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), escolhemos estudar a rela??o entre um serious game
e o ensino de argumenta??o. Tendo em vista o objeto de estudo do componente de Pr?ticas de
Leitura e Escrita ? II (PLE-II) ? a argumenta??o e alguns g?neros da ordem do argumentar ?,
comum aos cursos de gradua??o mencionados, investimos no desenvolvimento de um game,
intitulado ArgumentA??O, por considerarmos que ele pode, de fato, constituir-se como
instrumento did?tico promissor. Assim, buscamos compreender como esse game pode ajudar o
aluno a desenvolver mais autonomamente suas compet?ncias de leitor e de escrevente,
especificamente diante de um g?nero discursivo da ordem do argumentar: o artigo de opini?o.
Com essa pesquisa, tencionamos contribuir com o ensino de L?ngua Portuguesa a partir de tr?s
vieses: ampliando escopo te?rico, no sentido de gerar maior inteligibilidade acerca do processo
de ensino-aprendizagem de argumenta??o; propondo uma nova possibilidade metodol?gica,
com a incorpora??o de um serious game ao ensino; aperfei?oando o jogo com o qual estamos
trabalhando, a fim de construirmos e disponibilizarmos uma ferramenta digital mais bem
acabada para subsidiar o ensino-aprendizagem de leitura e escrita de artigos de opini?o. Para
tanto, assumimos como referencial te?rico-metodol?gico os Estudos de Letramento
(KLEIMAN, 2012b; TINOCO, 2008; OLIVEIRA, 2010; GEE, 2009; 2010; ROJO, 2012), a
Lingu?stica Aplicada (KLEIMAN, 1998; MOITA-LOPES, 2009), a filosofia da linguagem
(BAKHTIN e VOLOSHINOV, 2012) e a Pedagogia Cr?tica (DEWEY, 2010). Colaboraram
com esta pesquisa alunos do BCT e do BTI que jogaram o game, analisaram-no e nos
concederam entrevistas a respeito dessa experi?ncia. A partir dos dados gerados, emergiram
cinco categorias de an?lise: descole??o; interesse; multimodalidade, multissemiose e
interatividade; agente de letramento; e princ?pios de aprendizagem. As conclus?es a que
chegamos revelam que o investimento em softwares, especificamente games, pode trazer reais
benef?cios ao ensino-aprendizagem de L?ngua Portuguesa, al?m disso, revelam que o trabalho
com a argumenta??o, realizado nas disciplinas de PLE, tem muito a ganhar com a incorpora??o
de serious games. Todavia, os poss?veis ganhos dependem de uma pr?tica de ensino situada e
de constante aprimoramento e atualiza??o desse tipo de ferramenta interativa bem como da
pr?pria pr?tica pedag?gica daqueles que a utilizam e a desenvolvem. / This is a qualitative and reflexive research with focus on digital literacy. Among the digital
media that could support the teaching of argumentation in the Science & Technology and
Information Technology undergraduate courses of the Federal University of Rio Grande do
Norte, we chose a serious game as object of research. Given the object of study in the discipline
of reading and writing II ? argumentation and genre from the order of argumentative writing -,
common to the undergraduate courses mentioned, we invest on the development of a serious
game, named ArgumentACTION, because we believe that it may, in fact, become a promising
didactic instrument. Therefore we intend to understand whether and how this game can help
students develop their reading and writing skills more independently, specifically towards an
argumentative order genre: the opinion piece. With this research, we intend to contribute to the
teaching of the Portuguese language on three bases: extending theoretical scope, in order to
generate greater intelligibility on the teaching-learning process of argumenting; proposing a
new methodological possibility, with the incorporation of a serious games to teaching;
perfecting the game with which we are working, in order to build ? and make available ? a more
refined digital tool to subsidize the teaching and learning of reading and writing of opinion
pieces. To do so, we use the following as theoretical-methodological: Studies of Literacy
(KLEIMAN, 2012b; TINOCO, 2008; OLIVEIRA, 2010; GEE, 2009; 2010; ROJO, 2012), The
Applied Linguistics (KLEIMAN, 1998; BUSH-LEE, 2009), The Philosophy of Language
(BAKHTIN, VOLOSHINOV, 2012) and Critical Pedagogy (DEWEY, 2010). A group of
students from the upper mentioned undergraduate courses collaborated with this research by
playing and analyzing the game. They were also interviewed about their experience in this
matter. From the data generated, we established the categories of analysis: decollection, interest,
multimodality/multisemiosis and interactivity, agent of literacy, learning principles. The
conclusions we obtained show that the investment in applications, especially games, can bring
real benefits to the teaching/learning of the Portuguese language; moreover they reveal that the
work on argumenting has much to gain with the incorporation of serious games; however the
possible advantages depend on a focused teaching practice and constant improvements and
updates of this type of interactive tool, as well as the pedagogical practice from those who use
and develop the games.
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Identifica??o das pol?ticas de incentivo ao desenvolvimento da energia e?lica no Rio Grande do Norte (RN) / Identification of the development incentive wind energy policies in Rio Grande do Norte (RN)Agra Neto, Jo?o 23 April 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-04-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / A Energia ? um insumo vital para o desenvolvimento socioecon?mico e a busca por fontes
alternativas de energia tornou-se fundamental ap?s as crises energ?ticas do petr?leo (1973 e
1979), o acidente nuclear em Chernobyl (1986) e com o protocolo de Quioto (1997). A
procura mencionada anteriormente pretende complementar as formas existentes, assim como
atender ? demanda referente ao consumo de energia com maior seguran?a. Nesse contexto, ?
importante identificar as pol?ticas p?blicas de incentivo ao desenvolvimento para energia
e?lica e a evolu??o da capacidade instalada nas principais na??es, incluindo o Brasil. Esse
pa?s se destaca pelo grande potencial a ser explorado e pela evolu??o emergente da
capacidade instalada, destacando-se o estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN), o qual ? um dos
estados com maior pot?ncia instalada e em opera??o. Dessa forma, a referida disserta??o tem
como objetivo identificar as pol?ticas p?blicas de incentivo ao desenvolvimento da energia
e?lica no Rio Grande do Norte. O estudo foi realizado por meio de uma metodologia de
car?ter qualitativo denominada de an?lise de conte?do, orientada para as caracter?sticas da
mensagem propriamente dita, seu valor informacional, argumentos e ideias nela expressos,
constituindo-se numa an?lise de dados de acordo com a tem?tica. Para a coleta dos dados
foram realizadas entrevistas com os gestores das principais organiza??es relacionadas com a
energia e?lica no Brasil e no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A identifica??o das pol?ticas de
incentivos concretizaram-se em tr?s etapas: a primeira buscou as pol?ticas de incentivos em
termos nacionais, que s?o aplicadas para todos os estados, em seguida houve a aplica??o do
question?rio e finalizando com a pesquisa e coleta de dados referentes ao desenvolvimento da
pot?ncia instalada do RN em compara??o aos outros estados. Ao final, os resultados
apresentam a inexist?ncia de uma pol?tica p?blica de incentivo definida e consolidada para o
desenvolvimento de energia e?lica no estado potiguar, existindo apenas a??es pontuais com o
intuito de reduzir as quest?es burocr?ticas ambientais. A aus?ncia dessa pol?tica dificulta o
desenvolvimento da energia e?lica do RN, haja vista provocar a redu??o da competitividade e
o desempenho nos ?ltimos leil?es de energia. Dentre os obst?culos observados destacam-se a
car?ncia de m?o de obra suficiente para a realiza??o dos relat?rios e an?lise de licen?as
ambientais, a falta de atualiza??o do Atlas e?lico do estado, uma insufici?ncia de incentivos
fiscais e os entraves na infraestrutura como os problemas referentes ?s linhas de transmiss?o,
distribui??o e a quest?o da log?stica, com a inexist?ncia de um porto adequado para cargas de
grande porte e a necessidade de reforma, manuten??o e a duplica??o de estradas e rodovias
que ainda s?o deficit?rias. Sugere-se como trabalhos futuros a rela??o do parque tecnol?gico
de energia e o desenvolvimento da energia e?lica no estado, a influ?ncia do parque
tecnol?gico para a atra??o de empresas e ind?strias do setor e?lico a se fixarem no RN e um
comparativo das pol?ticas p?blicas de incentivo ao desenvolvimento da energia e?lica nos
estados brasileiros observando o desenvolvimento e?lico nos mesmos estados em estudo. / Energy is a vital resource for social and economic development. In the present scenario, the
search for alternative energy sources has become fundamental, especially after the oil crises
between 1973 and 1979, the Chernobyl nuclear accident in 1986 and the Kyoto Protocol in
1997. The demand for the development of new alternative energy sources aims to
complement existing forms allows to meet the demand for energy consumption with greater
security. Brazil, with the guideline of not dirtying the energy matrix by the fossil fuels
exploitation and the recent energy crisis caused by the lack of rains, directs energy policies for
the development of other renewable energy sources, complementing the hydric. This country
is one of the countries that stand out for power generation capacity from the winds in several
areas, especially Rio Grande do Norte (RN), which is one of the states with highest installed
power and great potential to be explored. In this context arises the purpose of this work to
identify the incentive to develop policies of wind energy in Rio Grande do Norte. The study
was conducted by a qualitative methodology of data analysis called content analysis, oriented
for towards message characteristics, its informational value, the words, arguments and ideas
expressed in it, constituting a thematic analysis. To collect the data interviews were conducted
with managers of major organizations related to wind energy in Brazil and in the state of Rio
Grande do Norte. The identification of incentive policies was achieved in three stages: the
first seeking incentives policies in national terms, which are applied to all states, the second
with the questionnaire application and the third to research and data collection for the
development of the installed power of the RN as compared to other states. At the end, the
results demonstrated hat in Rio Grande do Norte state there is no incentive policy for the
development of wind power set and consolidated, specific actions in order to optimize the
bureaucratic issues related to wind farms, especially on environmental issues. The absence of
this policy hinders the development of wind energy RN, considering result in reduced
competitiveness and performance in recent energy auctions. Among the perceived obstacles
include the lack of hand labor sufficient to achieve the reporting and analysis of
environmental licenses, the lack of updating the wind Atlas of the state, a shortfall of tax
incentives. Added to these difficulties excel barriers in infrastructure and logistics, with the
lack of a suitable port for large loads and the need for reform, maintenance and duplication of
roads and highways that are still loss-making. It is suggested as future work the relationship
of the technology park of energy and the development of wind power in the state, the
influence of the technology park to attract businesses and industries in the wind sector to
settle in RN and a comparison of incentive policies to development of wind energy in the
Brazilian states observing wind development in the same states under study.
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Novas formas de governan?a p?blica: um estudo do arranjo articulado para Implementa??o da pol?tica p?blica nacional de aprendizagem profissionalCosta, S?lvia Pires Bastos 30 October 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-10-30 / A configura??o que assume a governan?a do arranjo institucional constitu?do nas
cidades de Fortaleza e Natal e sua influ?ncia na implementa??o da Pol?tica P?blica Nacional de
Aprendizagem (PPNAP) que promove a forma??o e a inser??o no mercado de trabalho de
adolescentes e jovens de 14 a 24 anos e pessoas com defici?ncia ? o objetivo desta tese. A
abordagem da governan?a interativa, proposta por Kooiman (2003, 2008) constituiu o principal
esteio da constru??o epistemol?gica do processo investigativo, suportado tamb?m pelas
contribui??es de Draibe (2001) acerca das fases da implementa??o das pol?ticas p?blicas. Em
termos metodol?gicos, a abordagem utilizada foi qualitativa, sendo realizada pesquisa
bibliogr?fica descritiva e documental, com aplica??o de entrevistas semiestruturadas junto a 44
sujeitos. Os dados foram tratados com base em Bardin (2011), tendo sido pr?-estabelecidas duas
categorias de an?lise: governan?a e implementa??o. Os resultados apontaram, dentre outros
aspectos, para uma maior diversidade e din?mica do arranjo em Fortaleza, destacando-se o
n?mero muito superior de ades?es de Entidades sem Fins Lucrativos (ESFLs) ? pol?tica,
intera??es mais frequentes entre stakeholders de diferentes n?veis organizacionais de
governan?a, melhor alinhamento entre as imagens norteadoras da governan?a e espa?os criados
para estimular as intera??es entre os atores e maior participa??o do governo local. Nas duas
capitais estudadas, por outro lado, o estudo indicou que a insufici?ncia das capacidades
institucionais compromete o est?mulo ?s intera??es e o exerc?cio da metagovernan?a. A tese
concluiu que a forma e intensidade das intera??es entre os atores envolvidos com a
implementa??o da pol?tica de aprendizagem e o compartilhamento de imagens resulta em uma
maior compreens?o e divulga??o da pol?tica e na cria??o de um ambiente favor?vel ?
coopera??o e ao di?logo necess?rios ao trabalho coletivo e favorece a modelagem de uma
estrutura de governan?a capaz de lidar com demandas e caracter?sticas distintas das
organiza??es e de seus participantes de modo a acomodar os interesses divergentes, dar espa?o
? cria??o de inova??es e a converg?ncia de a??es para o alcance dos objetivos da pol?tica de
aprendizagem. Assim, os resultados da pol?tica de aprendizagem nos munic?pios de Natal e
Fortaleza, em termos dos ?ndices de inser??o dos jovens aprendizes, podem ser compreendidos
a partir das diferen?as encontradas na estrutura de governan?a do arranjo institucional utilizado
para sua implementa??o. / The configuration assumed by the institutional governance arrangement established in
the cities of Fortaleza and Natal, and its influence on the implementation of the National Public
Policy of Professional Learning that promotes the formation and integration into the labor
market of teens and young people aged 14 to 24 years old and people with disabilities is the
aim of this thesis. The interactive governance approach, proposed by Kooiman (2003.2008)
was the mainstay of the epistemological construction of the investigative process, also
supported by contributions from Draibe (2001) concerning the stages of implementation of
public policies. In methodological terms, the approach used was qualitative, being performed
descriptive bibliographical and documentary research, applying semi-structured interviews
with 44 subjects. Data were based on Bardin (2011), having been pre-established two categories
of analysis: governance and implementation. The results pointed, among other things, to greater
diversity and dynamics of the arrangement in Fortaleza, highlighting the much larger number
of accessions of Nonprofit Entities (ESFLs) to politics, more frequent interactions between
stakeholders from different organizational levels of governance, better alignment between
guiding governance images and spaces designed to encourage interactions among actors and
also greater local government involvement. In both cities studied, on the other hand, the study
indicated that the failure of institutional capacities adversely affect the interactions stimulation
and the exercise of meta-governance. The thesis concluded that the shape and intensity of the
interactions between the actors involved in the implementation of the National Public Policy of
Professional Learning and the way images are shared results in greater understanding and
dissemination of the policy and create a favorable environment for cooperation and dialogue
needed to collective work and favors the modeling of a governance structure able to handle the
demands and characteristics of organizations and their participants in order to accommodate
the divergent interests, make room for the creation of innovations and convergence of actions
to achieve the objectives of the policy. Thus, the results of the Professional Learning Policy in
the cities of Natal and Fortaleza, in terms of levels of entering the labor market, can be
understood from the differences found in the governance structure of the institutional
arrangement used for its implementation.
|
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No cotidiano da escola: o pensar e agir de jovens e adultosSilva, Daisy Clecia Vasconcelos da 11 May 2012 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2012-05-11 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / A necessidade de ver os sujeitos da Educa??o de Jovens e Adultos ? EJA para
al?m de seus fracassos escolares torna-se imprescind?vel para uma
reconfigura??o desta modalidade de ensino. Portanto, o compromisso desta
pesquisa ? adentrar no universo desses sujeitos, dar-lhes voz e, com isso,
compreender a teia de rela??es que se d? entre esses sujeitos e a escola de
uma maneira geral. Entende-se n?o ser poss?vel compreender os significados
atribu?dos pelos sujeitos sem considerar, como elemento primordial, o contexto
social no qual esses significados s?o constru?dos. Para o desenvolvimento
deste estudo foi adotada como metodologia a pesquisa etnogr?fica. Os
procedimentos utilizados para a constru??o dos dados foram observa??o
participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas com grupo focal e entrevistas
semiestruturadas individuais. Para a compreens?o dos dados constru?dos no
campo, foi utilizada a t?cnica da an?lise de conte?do, que atende ?s
expectativas de uma an?lise interpretativa. As observa??es ocorreram
principalmente dentro das salas de aula de uma escola municipal, situada na
cidade do Natal/RN. As entrevistas individuais foram realizadas com uma
amostra de oito alunos, homens e mulheres, com faixa et?ria entre 25 e 60
anos. As entrevistas evidenciaram que para o jovem e para o adulto, a escola ?
muito mais do que o lugar onde se aprendem conte?dos. Eles percebem este
espa?o como propiciador de intera??o social, e como a possibilidade de galgar
novos horizontes profissionais e, dessa forma, alcan?ar uma ascens?o social.
Para os alunos mais velhos, em especial ?s mulheres, esta volta aos bancos
escolares traz embutida no discurso da aprendizagem, o desejo de fazer novos
amigos, de ter momentos de encontros, conversas e descontra??o, enfim, de
esquecer os problemas do dia-a-dia. A observa??o do cotidiano escolar permite
melhor entender a a??o destes sujeitos em rela??o ?s pr?ticas escolares. Por
fim, afirma-se que a busca pela escola n?o se d? apenas para recuperar o
tempo perdido na inf?ncia. Aprender acaba por ser secund?rio. N?o importa se
ficar?o retidos ou ser?o promovidos para o n?vel seguinte, o importante ? estar
na escola. / The necessity of the view of the Youth and Adults Education (EJA) subjects
beyond of their academic failures becomes imperative for a reconfiguration of
this teaching modality. Thus, the compromise of this study is to go into these
subjects? universe, give them a voice and, therefore, understand, in general, the
web of relationships between these subjects and the school. It is understood
that it is not possible to figure out the means attributed by the subjects without
consideration, as an essential element, the social context in which such means
has been built. For the development of this study, the methodology adopted
was the ethnographic research. The procedures used for the data construction
were the participative observation, the semi-structured interviews with a focal
group, and the individualized semi-structured interviews. For the understanding
of the data constructed in the field, the content analysis technique was used,
which reach the expectations of an interpretative analysis. The observation
occurred mainly in the classrooms, on a public school, located in a City of
Natal/RN. The interviews were taken with a sample of eight students, males and
females, with 25 to 60 year-olds. Such interviews highlight that for the young
adult students, the school is much more than a place to learn. They realize such
space as enabler of social interaction, as well as the possibility of rising through
new professional horizons and, therefore achieve a social mobility. For the older
students, mainly among women, the return to the school benches brings into
the learning discourse, the desire of making new friends, having moments of
meeting, chatting and relaxation, finally, to forget the problems of the day by
day. The school quotidian observation allows a better understanding of the
action of the subjects in relationship with the school practices. Finally, it can be
affirmed that seeking for the school has not only the intention to recover the
time lost in the childhood. Learning remains as a secondary goal. It does not
matter whether they will be retained or promoted to the next level at the end of
the academic year, what really matters is to be in school.
|
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Da maniva ao grolado: pr?ticas produtivas e patrimoniais no processo identit?rio dos Trememb? de Almofala (CE)Saldanha Neto, Canuto Di?genes 25 September 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-09-25 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / O cena?rio poli?tico indi?gena no Brasil passa por transformac?o?es que precisam ser
melhor analisadas pelos estudiosos do campo das cie?ncias sociais. O de?ficit da poli?tica de
demarcac?a?o territorial aparece como o maior obsta?culo na conquista de direitos coletivos.
Assim, faz-se necessa?rio um estudo que analise as novas estrate?gias de luta por direitos
sociais e suas implicac?o?es nas relac?o?es cotidianas locais. Nesse contexto, o objetivo geral
deste trabalho e? compreender a atual dina?mica social identita?ria que envolve os
Tremembe? de Almofala, tomando como exemplo o projeto Casa de Farinha Comunita?ria
do Lameira?o. Os objetivos especi?ficos sa?o: a) analisar os processos que envolvem o
projeto a fim de compreender os seus significados, apropriac?o?es e usos cotidianos e
poli?ticos; b) compreender as estrate?gias de luta por ganhos sociais; c) analisar as
classificac?o?es e?tnicas locais que alicerc?am a construc?a?o da identidade Tremembe? de
Almofala. A metodologia empregada na pesquisa ? uma etnografia das comunidades,
buscando apreender a produc?a?o social das redes de relac?o?es existentes, e uma cartografia
social das pra?ticas pesquisadas. Assim, a efetivac?a?o dos direitos requeridos pelos
indi?genas passa por um processo de legitimac?a?o social e juri?dica da identidade de uma
populac?a?o tradicional e do seu patrimo?nio cultural. Essa legitimac?a?o aparece como um
mecanismo de salvaguarda desse direito garantido pela constituic?a?o. Desse modo, possuir
um ?patrimo?nio cultural? passa a ser percebido como ?passaporte? para a emerge?ncia de
direitos. E? nesse contexto que o processo de transformac?a?o da mandioca, pra?tica
produtiva compartilhada por diversos grupos sociais locais, e? reificado como patrimo?nio
cultural pelos Tremembe? de Almofala e sua rede de colaboradores na busca pelo acesso
a?s poli?ticas pu?blicas diferenciadas. Na ocasia?o, evidencio que os arranjos sociais
especi?ficos dos sujeitos locais sa?o embates que ajudam a compreender a dina?mica do
processo de identidade dos Tremembe? de Almofala. / The indigenous political scene in Brazil is undergoing transformations that need
to be better analyzed by scholars in the field of the Social Sciences. The deficit
in the policy of indigenous land demarcation emerges as the largest obstacle in
the conquest of collective rights. Therefore, a study to analyze renewed strategies
in the struggle for social rights, and their implications in local everyday life
relations, is urgent. In this context, the aim of this research is to understand the
current social dynamics of identity among the Trememb? people of Almofala, in
the state of Cear?, Brazil, with a fieldwork conducted in the flour mill of the Casa
de Farinha Comunit?ria project, in the Lameir?o community. Specific aims are:
a) to analyze the processes involved in the project in order to comprehend their
meanings and appropriations as well as their everyday life and political uses; b)
understand the strategies to fight for social benefits; c) analyze the local ethnic
classifications grounding the construction of the Trememb? identity in Almofala.
Methods deployed are ethnography of communities, used to apprehend the
social production of networks of relationships, and a social cartography of
practices. The realization of rights demanded by the indigenous populations in
Brazil is intertwined with a process of social and legal legitimation their identity
and cultural heritage. Such legitimation works as a safeguard mechanism of
rights secured by the Constitution. Therefore, to own a ?cultural heritage? is
perceived as a ?passport? to benefit from emerging rights. Amid this context,
changes in the traditional processing of the cassava root, a productive practice
shared locally by diverse social groups, is reified as cultural heritage by the
Trememb? people of Almofala and their network of collaborators in the pursuit of
accessing distinctive public policies. Furthermore, the research came across
specific social arrangements of local subjects which unfolded internal struggles,
enabling to understand the dynamics of the Trememb? of Almofala identity
process.
|
168 |
Tr?s alternativas estoc?sticas para modelar morbimortalidade por doen?as respirat?rias e cardiovasculares via vari?veis atmosf?ricas / Three alternatives for stochastic modeling morbidity and mortality from respiratory diseases and cardiovascular by atmospheric variablesGomes, Ana Carla dos Santos 06 March 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-03-06 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / O clima e a polui??o do ar, dentre outros, s?o fatores respons?veis pelo aumento da
vulnerabilidade da sa?de das popula??es residentes nos grandes centros urbanos.
Altera??es clim?ticas combinadas a altas concentra??es de poluentes atmosf?ricos est?o
associadas a doen?as respirat?rias e cardiovasculares. Neste sentido, o objetivo principal
da pesquisa ? modelar de diferentes formas a rela??o clima e sa?de, especificamente
para a popula??o de crian?as e idosos residentes em S?o Paulo. Para tanto, foram
utilizados dados de vari?veis meteorol?gicas, poluentes atmosf?ricos, interna??es e
?bitos por doen?as respirat?rias e cardiovasculares no per?odo de 11 anos (2000 a
2010). Por interm?dio de Modelos via equa??es de estima??o generalizadas, estimou-se
o risco relativo. Com a regress?o din?mica, foi poss?vel prever o n?mero de ?bitos por
meio das vari?veis atmosf?ricas e por meio do modelo beta-binomial-poisson estimouse
o n?mero de ?bitos e foi poss?vel projetar cen?rios. Os resultados mostraram que o
risco das interna??es por asma aumenta aproximadamente duas vezes para crian?as
expostas ?s altas concentra??es do material particulado do que crian?as que n?o s?o
expostas. O risco de morte por infarto agudo do mioc?rdio de idosos aumenta em 3%,
6%, 4% e 9% devido ?s concentra??es de CO, SO2, O3 e PM10, respectivamente. Com
rela??o ? modelagem via regress?o din?mica, os resultados mostraram que os ?bitos por
doen?as respirat?rias podem ser previstos de forma consistente. O modelo betabinomial-poisson
conseguiu retratar o n?mero m?dio de ?bitos por insufici?ncia
card?aca. Na regi?o de Santo Amaro o n?mero observado foi de 2,462 e o simulado de
2,508 na regi?o da S?, o observado foi de 4,308 e o simulado de 4,426 o que
possibilitou a gera??o de cen?rios que possam servir como par?metro para a an?lise
destinada ? tomada de decis?o. A partir dos resultados obtidos, ? poss?vel contribuir
com metodologias que possam auxiliar a compreens?o da rela??o clima e sa?de
fornecendo subs?dios aos gestores no planejamento de pol?ticas de sa?de p?blica e
ambiental. / Climate and air pollution, among others, are responsible factors for increase of health
vulnerability of the populations that live in urban centers. Climate changes combined
with high concentrations of atmospheric pollutants are usually associated with
respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. In this sense, the main objective of this research
is to model in different ways the climate and health relation, specifically for the children
and elderly population which live in S?o Paulo. Therefore, data of meteorological
variables, air pollutants, hospitalizations and deaths from respiratory and cardiovascular
diseases a in 11-year period (2000-2010) were used. By using modeling via generalized
estimating equations, the relative risk was obtained. By dynamic regression, it was
possible to predict the number of deaths through the atmospheric variables and the betabinomial-poisson
model was able to estimate the number of deaths and simulate
scenarios. The results showed that the risk of hospitalizations due to asthma increases
approximately twice for children exposed to high concentrations of particulate matter
than children who are not exposed. The risk of death by acute myocardial infarction in
elderly increase in 3%, 6%, 4% and 9% due to high concentrations CO, SO2, O3 and
PM10, respectively. Regarding the dynamic regression modeling, the results showed that
deaths by respiratory diseases can be predicted consistently. The beta-binomial-poisson
model was able to reproduce an average number of deaths by heart insufficiency. In the
region of Santo Amaro the observed number was 2.462 and the simulated was 2.508, in
the S? region 4.308 were observed and 4.426 simulated, which allowed for the
generation of scenarios that may be used as a parameter for decision. Making with these
results, it is possible to contribute for methodologies that can improve the understanding
of the relation between climate and health and proved support to managers in
environmental planning and public health policies.
|
169 |
A inser??o da fam?lia no processo socioeducativo de adolescentes em priva??o de liberdadeMedeiros, Fernanda Cavalcanti de 06 March 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-03-06 / A presente disserta??o tem como objetivo geral investigar de que forma as fam?lias
est?o inseridas no processo de socioeduca??o dos adolescentes que cumprem medidas
socioeducativas de priva??o de liberdade. Neste sentido, elencaram-se como objetivos
espec?ficos: caracterizar a conviv?ncia entre adolescentes em priva??o de liberdade e
seus familiares, a partir das pr?ticas e rotinas do sistema socioeducativo; analisar a
articula??o entre as equipes profissionais que atuam no campo da socioeduca??o,
visando o atendimento e fortalecimento das fam?lias dos adolescentes; investigar como
as fam?lias avaliam a operacionaliza??o do processo de socioeduca??o no qual os
adolescentes s?o atendidos. M?todo: Para alcan?ar os objetivos propostos, a coleta de
dados ocorreu em etapas complementares: a primeira fase se deu a partir de visitas ?s
unidades socioeducativas de priva??o de liberdade do RN, e di?logos com profissionais
que atuam na socioeduca??o. Posteriormente, foi realizada etapa de pesquisa-a??o, a
partir da inser??o da pesquisadora no projeto de extens?o ?Familiares e a luta pela
efetividade do Sistema Nacional de Atendimento Socioeducativo?, que objetivou
fortalecer o acompanhamento da socioeduca??o dos adolescentes por seus familiares, e
teve como metodologia rodas de conversa e oficinas tem?ticas. Por fim, foram
realizadas a leitura e an?lise das refer?ncias ? fam?lia no Plano de Atendimento
Individual (PIA) de quinze adolescentes, os quais os familiares participaram da etapa de
roda de conversa. As informa??es coletadas foram registradas em di?rios de campo.
Esta pesquisa foi orientada pelo referencial te?rico marxiano, que parte da compreens?o
do envolvimento dos adolescentes com atos infracionais como desdobramento e
express?o da ?quest?o social?. A partir deste referencial te?rico, ? poss?vel problematizar a vis?o predominante na sociedade capitalista dos adolescentes em
conflito com a lei como sujeitos que devem ser tratados pela via da repress?o e
segrega??o, bem como a fragilidade das pol?ticas sociais, tanto na execu??o das pr?prias
medidas socioeducativas, como na articula??o da rede de servi?os para a prote??o do
adolescente e o fortalecimento de sua fam?lia. Resultados: quanto ao funcionamento do
sistema socioeducativo do RN, de modo geral, p?de-se observar um quadro de espa?os
f?sicos insalubres e pr?ticas institucionais violadoras de direitos humanos, ociosidade e
falta de acesso aos direitos sociais, e de criminaliza??o e institucionaliza??o dos jovens
pobres e suas fam?lias. No que diz respeito ? conviv?ncia familiar, percebeu-se grande
dist?ncia entre os princ?pios e diretrizes preconizados pelo SINASE, acerca da
conviv?ncia e fortalecimento familiar, e as pr?ticas cotidianas da socioeduca??o no RN:
foram observadas graves viola??es, que comprometem a conviv?ncia entre os
adolescentes e seus familiares, como a dist?ncia entre as unidades socioeducativas de
priva??o de liberdade e os munic?pios onde residem as fam?lias; aus?ncia, irregularidade
e condi??es prec?rias na realiza??o das visitas pelos familiares; n?o exist?ncia de visitas
?ntimas; a??es restritas e desarticuladas para o cuidado e fortalecimento com os
familiares dos adolescentes, que em sua maioria vivem em condi??es de pobreza ou
extrema pobreza. Por fim, foram encontrados processos de culpabiliza??o e uma s?rie
de puni??es ? fam?lia, que incluem pr?ticas como a revista ?ntima vexat?ria, al?m de
uma s?rie de viol?ncias e omiss?es de cuidados que adoecem os familiares e fragilizam
os v?nculos entre os adolescentes e suas fam?lias. / This master thesis has the main goal investigate how families are inserted in the socioeducational
process of teenagers who are undergoing social measures of liberty
deprivation. The specific objectives are: to characterize the family?s living together of
adolescents deprived of their freedom and their families, from the actions and routines
of the socio-educational system; to assess the professional working links in the context
of socio-education, in order to care and strengthening families of the adolescents; to
investigate how families evaluate the operation of socio-educational process in which
adolescents are met. Method: to achieve the proposed objectives, data collection
occurred in complementary steps: the first phase took place from visits to socioeducational
units of liberty deprivation of RN, and dialogues with professionals
working in socio-education. Subsequently, action research stage was carried out, from
the insertion of the researcher in the extension project Family and the struggle for the
effectiveness of the National Socio Service System, that aimed to strengthen monitoring
the adolescents socio-education by their families, and had as methodology the
conversation circles and thematic workshops. Lastly, were performed reading and
analysis of the references to the family in the Individual Care Plans (PIAs) for
adolescents. The information gathered was recorded in field diaries and subjected to
thematic content analysis. This research was guided by the Marxist theoretical
framework, structured on the understanding of the involvement of adolescents with
illegal acts as a development and expression of the social question. From this theoretical
framework, the prevailing view in the capitalist society of adolescents in conflict with
the law as individuals who are treated by means of repression and segregation and the weakness of social policies is questioned, both in the execution of their own socioeducational
measures as the articulation of network services for adolescent protection
and strengthening your family. Results: in relation to the operation of the socioeducational
system in RN in general, it was observed a state of unhealthy physical
spaces and institutional practices that violate human rights, idleness and lack of access
to social rights, and criminalization and institutionalization of poor young people and
their families. With regard to family?s living together, it was noticed great distance
between principles and guidelines recommended by the SINASE, about
acquaintanceship and family strengthening, and every day practices of socio-education
in RN: serious violations were observed that undermine the family?s living together, as
the distance between the socio-educational units of deprivation of liberty and the cities
where families live; absence, irregularity and poor conditions in carrying out the family
visits; lack of conjugal visits; restricted and unarticulated actions for the care and
strengthening of the families of adolescents, most of whom live in poverty or extreme
poverty. Finally, it was found a number of blamefully and punishments to the family,
including practices such as inward inspection (visual inspection while naked and
squant), plus a series of violence and omissions care that sick family members and
weaken the links between adolescents and their families.
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170 |
Capital social e desenvolvimento de territ?rios: estudo multicasos nos territ?rios da cidadania do Rio Grande do NortePadilha, Yuri de Lima 18 November 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-11-18 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Este trabalho tem por objetivo sistematizar elementos de desenvolvimento territorial a
partir de atributos de capital social presentes nos Territ?rios da Cidadania do Rio Grande
do Norte. Diferentemente de outras investiga??es no tema, n?o se pretende medir o
estoque de capital social, mas, sim, revelar o fen?meno da organiza??o social e suas
implica??es, considerando os territ?rios j? s?o constitu?dos ao redor de estruturas de
fomento ao capital social. A estrat?gia utilizada foi o estudo de caso, que permite
compreens?o a partir de investiga??o que atribui caracter?sticas hol?sticas e significativas
a eventos dentro do contexto da vida real. Para esta pesquisa, foram escolhidos
representantes das institui??es p?blicas e sociais envolvidos nos colegiados territoriais,
especificamente, aqueles do n?cleo diretivo, selecionados a partir do crit?rio de
envolvimento mais efetivo na estrutura, no funcionamento e nas reuni?es. Os tr?s
territ?rios apresentam realidades similares, s?o produtos de uma pol?tica p?blica que os
constitui a partir de crit?rios comuns e apresentam interdepend?ncia entre as categorias
de an?lise do capital social. A presen?a ou aus?ncia de qualquer tipo de rela??o ? liga??o,
ponte ou conex?o ? influencia no desempenho da pol?tica territorial, afetando a
organiza??o social e fomentando processos de acesso ? informa??o. Nos casos em pauta,
em que pese a similaridade das condi??es gerais de estrutura e funcionamento, o Sert?o
do Apodi apresenta qualidades superiores aos demais. A presen?a do projeto Dom Helder
C?mara que articula, em paralelo ao Territ?rio da Cidadania, os mesmos atores da pol?tica
p?blica com capacidade de mobiliza??o social e de efetividade de a??es, ? capaz de
fomentar processos de desenvolvimento diferenciados no Sert?o do Apodi. Este pode ser
fator explicativo, tangenciando o construto capital social, para que o territ?rio apresente
condi??es de vida e melhores n?veis de desenvolvimento que os outros dois aqui
abordados. / This study aims to systematize elements for territorial development analyzing attributes
of social capital present in the territories of Rio Grande do Norte. Unlike other studies
about the subject, it is not intended to measure the stock of social capital, but rather to
reveal the phenomenon of social organization and its implications, considering territories
examined are already made around social capital structures. Case study were used as
strategy research because it is enables to understand holistic features and significant
events within the context of real life. For this research were selected representatives of
public and social institutions involved in territorial collegiate specifically those of the
governing core, selected from the more effective involvement of discretion in structure,
functioning and meetings. The three territories have similar realities, are products of a
public policy that is based on common criteria and present interdependence between
categories of analysis of social capital. The presence or absence of any relationship - link,
bridge or connection - influences the performance of territorial policy, affecting the social
organization and fostering processes of access to information. In the cases at hand, despite
the similarity of the general conditions of structure and function, the Apodi has qualities
superior to the other. The presence of Dom Helder Camara project that articulates, in
parallel to the Territory of Citizenship, the same actors of public policy with social
mobilization capacity and effectiveness of actions, is able to encourage different
development processes at Apodi. This can be explanatory factor, the tangent construct
social capital, so that the territory present living conditions and better levels of
development than the other two addressed here.
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