Global ETD Search

11	INFORMATION SYSTEM CONTEXTUAL DATA QUALITY: A CASE STUDY Davenport, Daniel Lee 01 January 2006 (has links) This dissertation describes a case study comparing the effectiveness of twoinformation systems that assess the quality of surgical care, the National SurgicalQuality Improvement Program (NSQIP) and the University HealthSystemConsortium Clinical Database (UHCCD). For the comparison, it develops aframework for assessing contextual data quality (CDQ) from the decision maker'sperspective. The differences in quality assessment systems to be studied areposited to be due to the differing contexts in which the data is encoded,transformed and managed impacting data quality for the purpose of surgicalquality assessment.Healthcare spending in the United States has risen faster than the rate of inflationfor over a decade and currently stands at about fifteen percent of the GrossDomestic Product. This has brought enormous pressures on the healthcareindustry to reduce costs while maintaining or improving quality. Numeroussystems to measure healthcare quality have been, and are being, developedincluding the two being studied. A more precise understanding of the differencesbetween these two systems' effectiveness in the assessment of surgical healthcarequality informs decisions nationally regarding hospital accreditation and qualitybasedreimbursements to hospitals.The CDQ framework elaborated is also applicable to executive informationsystems, data warehouses, web portals, and other information systems that drawinformation from disparate systems. Decision makers are more frequently havingdata available from across functional and hierarchical areas within organizationsand data quality issues have been identified in these systems unrelated to thesystem performance from which the data comes.The propositions explored and substantiated here are that workgroup contextinfluences data selection and definition, the data entry and encoding process,managerial control and feedback, and data transformation in information systems.These processes in turn influence contextual data quality relative to a particulardecision model.The study is a cross-sectional retrospective review of archival quality datagathered on 26,322 surgical patients at the University of Kentucky Hospital alongwith interviews of process owners in each system. The quality data includepatient risk/severity factors and outcome data recorded in the National SurgeryQuality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database and the UniversityHealthSystem Consortium Clinical Database (UHCCD).
12	Värden och villkor : pedagogers samtal om ett yrkesetiskt dokument Linnér, Susanne January 2005 (has links) During the last decade, issues concerning ethics and values have been given much attention in debates on education as well as in society in general. The problems surrounding such issues are tied to current societal trends towards growing differentiation, individualisation, and increasingly fragmented value systems. Consequently, the core values of pre-schools and schools are currently stressed also as a basic ethical and democratic responsibility of teachers and other pedagogical personnel. The aim of this dissertation is to analytically reconstruct pedagogic discourses on issues related to core values and ethics. The research perspective includes a social-philosophical point of departure with a focus on Habermas’s theories of communicative action and discourse ethics. The methodology builds on critical discourse analysis. The results shed light on the ways in which teaching teams in pre-schools and schools at different levels discuss and attempt to reach agreement concerning a local document focussed on professional ethics. There are striking differences as to how ethically relevant concepts such as "starting from the childrens' / pupils' own capabilities," "sense of security," "responsibility," "respect," and "active participation" are talked about. In the theoretical reconstruction that follows, it is argued that the discussions can be understood as communication about and within particular types of contextual discourses. The five types of discourses formulated in the study are the following: "efficiency-oriented discourse," "normative tradition-oriented discourse," "care-oriented discourse," "communication-oriented discourse," and individual-oriented discourse," all of which are mutually related to each other. When the conversations are analysed from the perspective of critical discourse theory, a deeper understanding emerges of how childrens' learning about ethics and morals takes place in relation to the types of pedagogic discourse they encounter. Efficiency-oriented, normative tradition-oriented and individual-oriented discourse may lead to learning that counteracts the aims of schools as meeting-places for democracy. However, care-oriented discourse and communicative-oriented discourse both embody qualities that may increase the opportunities to work towards overarching educational goals such as democracy and solidarity. The results of the study show that the lofty ideals presented in educational directives and policy documents risk giving rise to exhaustion and feelings of guilt among pedagogues trying to live up to them when adequate resources are not available. The ability to make sound moral judgements may deteriorate due to increasingly stressful work situations where demands are not in line with the actual resources of everyday pedagogic contexts. discourse analysis educational principles ethics pre-school and school levels professional ethics values teaching workgroup discussions Education Pedagogik
13	Könshomogena arbetsgrupper på gott och ont : enkätstudie av kvinnors hälsa på arbetsplatsen / <em></em> : <em></em> Friberg, Alexandra, Tibell, Louise January 2009 (has links) <p>Idag satsas det inom folkhälsoarbetet mycket på arbetsplatsen som arena då arbetslivet har en avgörande betydelse för att varje människa ska uppnå god hälsa. Vad som gör en arbetsplats hälsosam är individuellt. För många handlar det dock om att känna eget ansvar, delaktighet, inflytande, gemenskap och meningsfullhet. Den svenska arbetsmarknaden karaktäriseras av att män och kvinnor arbetar inom olika sektorer och yrkesområden, vilket har skapat en könssegregerad arbetsmarknad. Den könssegregerade arbetsmarknaden leder till att arbetsgrupperna på arbetsplatserna ofta är könshomogena. Arbetsgruppen har en betydande roll för att individen ska kunna utvecklas som person, känna social trygghet och gemenskap.</p><p> </p><p>Det finns inte mycket litteratur som påpekar förhållandet mellan hälsa och arbetsgruppens könsammansättning med fokus på upplevd fysisk och psykisk hälsa och lärande. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om det förekommer skillnader bland kvinnor som arbetar med mestadels kvinnor jämfört med kvinnor som arbetar med mestadels män, utifrån ett hälso- och lärandeperspektiv. Studien gjordes med kvantitativ metod och enkäter användes som datainsamlingsmetod. Undersökningsgruppen var kvinnor som arbetar på mansdominerade samt kvinnodominerade arbetsplatser. Sammanlagt delades 200 enkäter ut, 100 till respektive typ av arbetsplats. Den slutgiltiga svarsfrekvensen blev 83,5%.</p><p> </p><p>Resultatet visar att kvinnorna på den kvinnodominerade arbetsplatsen ansåg att delaktigheten, inflytandet och lärandet på arbetet och i arbetsgruppen var bättre i jämförelse med vad kvinnorna på de mansdominerade arbetsplatserna ansåg. Kvinnorna på de mansdominerade arbetsplatserna ansåg att de blev mer granskade än männen samt att olika beteenden som påverkade trivseln negativt förekom i större utsträckning än vad kvinnorna på den kvinnodominerade arbetsplatsen ansåg. För att förverkliga visionen om den hälsosamma arbetsplatsen behöver vi genomföra ett förändringsarbete där människor har möjlighet till inflytande och görs delaktiga i förändringsprocesser.</p> / <p>The public health work of today is characterized by large investments in the workplace because of its importance for the possibility of the individual to reach good health. What makes the workplace healthy is individual, but for most of us it depends on participation, responsibility, influence, togetherness and meaningfulness. The Swedish labour market is very sex segregated in terms of men and women working with different occupations. Workgroups therefore often consist predominantly of either men or women. The workgroup has an important role for the individual to feel social security and togetherness and to grow as a person.</p><p>There is not much written about the relationship between health and the sex distribution of a workgroup with focus on the physical and mental health and learning. The aim of the study was to investigate if there were any differences between women who work mostly with women and women who work mostly with men, from a health and learning perspective. The study is quantitative and questionnaires were used to collect data. The study population are women who work on a male-dominated or female-dominated workplaces. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, 100 to each type of workplace. The finale rate of response was 83,5%.</p><p>The result shows that women on the female-dominated workplace felt that participation, influence and learning at work and in the workgroup were better in comparison with what the women on the male-dominated workplace felt. The women on the male-dominated workplace thought that they got more inspected than the men, at work. To actualize the vision about healthy workplaces we need to promote the process of change where people have the possibility to influence and participate in the process.</p> Women Workplace Workgroup Participation Influence Well-being Togetherness Learning Sex distribution Kvinnor Arbetsplats Arbetsgrupp Delaktighet Inflytande Trivsel Gemenskap Public health science Folkhälsovetenskap MEDICINE MEDICIN
14	Könshomogena arbetsgrupper på gott och ont : enkätstudie av kvinnors hälsa på arbetsplatsen / : Friberg, Alexandra, Tibell, Louise January 2009 (has links) Idag satsas det inom folkhälsoarbetet mycket på arbetsplatsen som arena då arbetslivet har en avgörande betydelse för att varje människa ska uppnå god hälsa. Vad som gör en arbetsplats hälsosam är individuellt. För många handlar det dock om att känna eget ansvar, delaktighet, inflytande, gemenskap och meningsfullhet. Den svenska arbetsmarknaden karaktäriseras av att män och kvinnor arbetar inom olika sektorer och yrkesområden, vilket har skapat en könssegregerad arbetsmarknad. Den könssegregerade arbetsmarknaden leder till att arbetsgrupperna på arbetsplatserna ofta är könshomogena. Arbetsgruppen har en betydande roll för att individen ska kunna utvecklas som person, känna social trygghet och gemenskap. Det finns inte mycket litteratur som påpekar förhållandet mellan hälsa och arbetsgruppens könsammansättning med fokus på upplevd fysisk och psykisk hälsa och lärande. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om det förekommer skillnader bland kvinnor som arbetar med mestadels kvinnor jämfört med kvinnor som arbetar med mestadels män, utifrån ett hälso- och lärandeperspektiv. Studien gjordes med kvantitativ metod och enkäter användes som datainsamlingsmetod. Undersökningsgruppen var kvinnor som arbetar på mansdominerade samt kvinnodominerade arbetsplatser. Sammanlagt delades 200 enkäter ut, 100 till respektive typ av arbetsplats. Den slutgiltiga svarsfrekvensen blev 83,5%. Resultatet visar att kvinnorna på den kvinnodominerade arbetsplatsen ansåg att delaktigheten, inflytandet och lärandet på arbetet och i arbetsgruppen var bättre i jämförelse med vad kvinnorna på de mansdominerade arbetsplatserna ansåg. Kvinnorna på de mansdominerade arbetsplatserna ansåg att de blev mer granskade än männen samt att olika beteenden som påverkade trivseln negativt förekom i större utsträckning än vad kvinnorna på den kvinnodominerade arbetsplatsen ansåg. För att förverkliga visionen om den hälsosamma arbetsplatsen behöver vi genomföra ett förändringsarbete där människor har möjlighet till inflytande och görs delaktiga i förändringsprocesser. / The public health work of today is characterized by large investments in the workplace because of its importance for the possibility of the individual to reach good health. What makes the workplace healthy is individual, but for most of us it depends on participation, responsibility, influence, togetherness and meaningfulness. The Swedish labour market is very sex segregated in terms of men and women working with different occupations. Workgroups therefore often consist predominantly of either men or women. The workgroup has an important role for the individual to feel social security and togetherness and to grow as a person. There is not much written about the relationship between health and the sex distribution of a workgroup with focus on the physical and mental health and learning. The aim of the study was to investigate if there were any differences between women who work mostly with women and women who work mostly with men, from a health and learning perspective. The study is quantitative and questionnaires were used to collect data. The study population are women who work on a male-dominated or female-dominated workplaces. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, 100 to each type of workplace. The finale rate of response was 83,5%. The result shows that women on the female-dominated workplace felt that participation, influence and learning at work and in the workgroup were better in comparison with what the women on the male-dominated workplace felt. The women on the male-dominated workplace thought that they got more inspected than the men, at work. To actualize the vision about healthy workplaces we need to promote the process of change where people have the possibility to influence and participate in the process. Women Workplace Workgroup Participation Influence Well-being Togetherness Learning Sex distribution Kvinnor Arbetsplats Arbetsgrupp Delaktighet Inflytande Trivsel Gemenskap Public health science Folkhälsovetenskap MEDICINE MEDICIN
15	The effects of Person-Supervisor Fit and Person-Workgroup Fit on role performance, job satisfaction and perceived support: The Airline crew Chin, Hung-chi 09 June 2010 (has links) Previous researches about the Person-Environment Fit were mainly based on the points of view of Person-Organization Fit and Person-Job Fit. Researches based on the points of view of Person-Supervisor Fit (P-S Fit) and Person-Workgroup Fit (P-G Fit) was less made. But nowadays, more and more companies adopt team approach for the organization of the main mold of operation. How to establish a harmonious group and enhance group¡¦s and individual performance becomes an important issue. The main purpose of this research is base on Fit Theory to examine Person-Supervisor Fit and Person-Workgroup Fit between crew, their supervisor and their coworker in every flight. In this study, Person-Supervisor Fit and Person-Workgroup Fit were defined as independent variables; role performance, job satisfaction and perceived support were defined as dependent variables. The relationship between independent and dependent variable are deeply discussed. There are 136 pairs of questionnaires surveyed by employees and their supervisors. Supervisor Leadership Profile (SLP) and Workgroup Characteristics Profile (WCP) were reduced to 16 of 25 statements as Q ranking items, and Q methodology was applied for measuring P-S Fit and P-W Fit. Regression analysis was used to further explore the dependent variable on the independent variable's influence. The result indicate that¡GFirst, employee with high P-G Fit, has more job satisfaction, the correlation between P-G Fit and job satisfaction is significant; second, employee with high P-S Fit, has more perceived supervisor support, the correlation between P-S Fit and perceived supervisor support is significant; third, employee with high P-G Fit, has more perceived coworker support, the correlation between P-G Fit and perceived coworker support is weak significant. This research further represents the direction of future research and practical meaning of management. perceived coworker support perceived supervisor support job satisfaction Person-Workgroup Fit (P-G Fit) Person-Supervisor Fit (P-S Fit) role performance organizational citizenship behavior
16	Creating Criminality: The Intensification of Institutional Risk Aversion Strategies and the Decline of the Bail Process Myers, Nicole 09 August 2013 (has links) The question of whether or not to release an accused on bail pending case resolution involves an evaluation of the risk the accused poses to the community. In addition to this evaluation, the risk posed to the reputation of the criminal justice system should the accused re-offend while on bail has come to influence the timeliness of the bail decision as well as the conditions of the release order. It appears that questions of institutional risk have intensified strategies of process, whereby the bail decision making process has come to take considerably longer as court actors postpone making the release decision. This organizational culture of risk aversion is evidenced in the growing remand population, the dominance of adjournment requests, the presumption of surety supervision, as well as the imposition of numerous restrictive conditions of release that are questionably related to the grounds for detention and allegations of the offence. Due to the additional protections contained in the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA), the expectation is bail should be more liberally used for youths. However, despite the additional legislated protections, bail practices for both adults and youths are operating in remarkably similar ways. Indeed, it appears that routine bail practices for both adults and youths are inconsistent with the essential principles of the bail process. In Canada there is a presumption in favour of release on bail and a presumption of release on the least restrictive form of release appropriate in the circumstances. Despite these principles there has been a relatively steady increase in the size of the remand population in Canada. Focusing on the situation in Ontario, this dissertation examines the bail process in an effort to understand how the remand population has come to exceed the population of sentenced prisoners in provincial prisons for both adults and youths. institutional risk organizational culture workgroup efficiency bail judicial interim release remand adjournment surety conditions of release youth Youth Criminal Justice Act 0627
17	Creating Criminality: The Intensification of Institutional Risk Aversion Strategies and the Decline of the Bail Process Myers, Nicole 09 August 2013 (has links) The question of whether or not to release an accused on bail pending case resolution involves an evaluation of the risk the accused poses to the community. In addition to this evaluation, the risk posed to the reputation of the criminal justice system should the accused re-offend while on bail has come to influence the timeliness of the bail decision as well as the conditions of the release order. It appears that questions of institutional risk have intensified strategies of process, whereby the bail decision making process has come to take considerably longer as court actors postpone making the release decision. This organizational culture of risk aversion is evidenced in the growing remand population, the dominance of adjournment requests, the presumption of surety supervision, as well as the imposition of numerous restrictive conditions of release that are questionably related to the grounds for detention and allegations of the offence. Due to the additional protections contained in the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA), the expectation is bail should be more liberally used for youths. However, despite the additional legislated protections, bail practices for both adults and youths are operating in remarkably similar ways. Indeed, it appears that routine bail practices for both adults and youths are inconsistent with the essential principles of the bail process. In Canada there is a presumption in favour of release on bail and a presumption of release on the least restrictive form of release appropriate in the circumstances. Despite these principles there has been a relatively steady increase in the size of the remand population in Canada. Focusing on the situation in Ontario, this dissertation examines the bail process in an effort to understand how the remand population has come to exceed the population of sentenced prisoners in provincial prisons for both adults and youths. institutional risk organizational culture workgroup efficiency bail judicial interim release remand adjournment surety conditions of release youth Youth Criminal Justice Act 0627
18	Self-directed workgroups Sciboz, Daniel 18 October 2010 (has links) Die vorliegende Dissertation wurde mit dem Ziel entworfen, ein besseres Verständnis zu erlangen, was die Anforderungen sind, die den künftigen Arbeitsgruppenmitgliedern erlauben, Bedürfnissen von modernen Unternehmen zu genügen. Die Kooperationsbereitschaft von Gruppenmitgliedern scheint ein Schlüsselfaktor zu sein, der ihre Fähigkeit freisetzt, einer beliebigen Aufgabe entgegen zu handeln. Quantitative wie auch qualitative Daten wurden im Rahmen einer explorativen Studie erhoben. Ein Fragebogen (Intercultural Attitude Orientation) wurde mit der Absicht entwickelt, Einstellung von Individuen gegenüber Diversität quer durch Populationen abzufragen. An der explorativen Studie haben 1351 Individuen aus 97 Ländern teilgenommen. Bei einer Faktorenanalyse von 12 Items wurde die entgültige acht Items umfassende Skala gebildet. Eine experimentelle Gruppenstudie wurde entworfen, um Entscheidungsprozesse anzustoßen, die erkennen lassen, ob die Kooperationsbereitschaft der Gruppenmitglieder die Gruppenperformanz erhöht. An der experimetellen Studie haben 249 Individuen teilgenommen, die nach einem Zufallsverfahren in Arbeitsgruppen eingeteilt wurden. Die unabhängigen Variablen waren demografische Gruppenkomposition und Informationsdiversität. Die abhängigen Variablen waren Messungen der Gruppenperformanz. Es wurde festgestellt, dass trotz der demografischen Gruppenkomposition Arbeitsgruppen, die Pakete mit unterschiedlichen Informationen erhielten, besser abgeschnitten haben, als Gruppen, denen Pakete mit ähnlichen Informationen zur Verfügung gestellt wurden. Erfahrung der Gruppenmitglieder mit Diversität, ihre Einstellung gegenüber Diversität, Social Dominance Orientation, Zufriedenheit, Kooperation, Ähnlichkeit in Arbeitsstil und Anzahl der gesprochenen Sprachen wurden getrennt im Hinblick auf die Gruppenergebnisse analysiert. Es wurde herausgefunden, dass diese Messungen in einigen Fällen zueinander in Beziehung standen, was einen Einfluß auf Gruppenprozess hatte. / The current dissertation has been designed with the attempt to seek a better understanding of the requirements for prospective workgroup members to fit demands of today''s organizations. Members'' willingness to cooperate appears to be a key factor unlocking their ability to act upon any given task. Quantitative as well as qualitative data have been gathered in the context of an explorative study. A questionnaire (Intercultural Attitude Orientation) has been constructed with the intent to sense individuals'' attitude toward diversity across populations diverging in age, gender, nationality, and occupational status. The explorative study involved the participation of 1351 individuals from 97 different countries. Out of twelve explorative items, one factor solution was extracted, thus building the final 8-item scale. An experimental group study was designed to elicit decision-making procedures set to entangle whether or not members'' readiness to cooperate enhances group performance in the context of a short and cognitively demanding task. The experimental study involved the participation of 249 individuals randomly assigned into workgroups. The two independent variables were group demographical composition and information diversity. Demographical composition was defined either according to national or gender demographics. The outcome variables were measures of workgroup performance. It was found that despite workgroup demographical composition, groups which received diverse information, performed better than workgroups, which received similar information. Members'' quality and quantity of exposure to diversity, attitude toward diversity, social dominance orientation, satisfaction, cooperation, work-style similarity, and number of spoken languages were separately analyzed with regard to group outcomes. Findings revealed that these measures were in some cases linked to one another, thus affecting group process. Kooperation Internationale Arbeitsgruppen Einstellung gegenüber Diversität Wahrnehmung menschlicher Unterschiede Erfahrung mit Diversität Fremdspracherwerb Gruppenperformanz Zufriedenheit Informationsdiversität Soziale Dominanzorientierung international workgroups attitude toward diversity readily detectable human characteristics deep-level human characteristics exposure to diversity foreign language acquisition workgroup performance cooperation satisfaction information diversity Social Dominance Orientation 150 Psychologie 11 Psychologie CW 4700 ddc:150
19	Försäkringsskydd för skadeståndsansvar vid dataskyddsöverträdelser : En undersökning av försäkringsvillkorens omfattning och eventuella begränsningar i förhållande till art. 82 GDPR och grupptalan / Insurance coverage for liability in case of data protection breaches : An investigation into the extent and potential limitations of insurance terms in relation to art. 82 GDPR and class action lawsuits Nahlbom, Robin January 2024 (has links) I uppsatsen utreds försäkringsskyddet för skadeståndsansvar vid dataskyddsöverträdelser. GDPR är den centrala regleringen för personuppgiftsbehandling och fastställer ett antal principer som måste upprätthållas för att den ansvarige ska få behandla personuppgifter. Bryter den ansvarige mot förordningens principer har den registrerade rätt att kräva skadestånd enligt art. 82.1 GDPR. Förordningen fastställer tre kumulativa krav som måste vara uppfyllda för att skadeståndsskyldighet ska föreligga. Det innefattar att en överträdelse av GDPR har skett, att materiell eller immateriell skada till följd av denna överträdelse har uppstått och att det föreligger ett orsakssamband mellan skadan och överträdelsen. Förordningen innehåller även en bestämmelse som tar över medlemsstaternas nationella skadeståndsrättsliga bestämmelser, vilket innebär att GDPR ska tillämpas enligt sin ordalydelse och att de kumulativa kraven enligt art. 82.1 GDPR måste följas. Det innebär att nationella skadeståndsrättsliga begrepp inte bör jämställas med begrepp som framgår av art. 82.1 GDPR eftersom begreppen har tillkommit i en helt annan kontext. Exempelvis översätts i vissa fall materiella och immateriella skador till ekonomiska och ideella skador. Begreppen är inte synonyma och bör inte tillställas samma betydelse eftersom terminologin i art. 82.1 GDPR kan misstolkas. Försäkringsvillkoren som reglerar skadeståndsskyldigheten för dataskyddsöverträdelser och som även hänvisar till art. 82.1 GDPR, innehåller i vissa fall nationella skadeståndsrättsliga begrepp och även andra begrepp som inte framgår av förordningen. Det kan leda till att kongruensen mellan villkorens utformning och förordningens ordalydelse medför tolkningsproblematik vid bedömning om skadeståndsskyldighet föreligger. Därför bör försäkringsvillkoren endast innehålla sådan terminologi som framgår av art. 82.1 GDPR. Dataskyddsöverträdelser medför oftast att en stor grupp människor lider skada varför förordningen tillåter registrerade att föra grupptalan med hjälp av en ideell organisation enligt art. 80 GDPR. Teoretiskt sett kan skadeståndsbeloppen bli högre än försäkringsbeloppen varför det i sådana fall saknas ett försäkringsskydd för grupptalan för den personuppgiftsansvarige. Försäkringsvillkoren anger däremot ingenting om att försäkringen inte täcker ett sådant anspråk. Därmed ställs försäkringsbolagen inför utmaningen att hantera sådana anspråk, varför försäkringen bör uppdateras för att möta skadestånd i en grupptalan vid dataskyddsöverträdelser. / The essay investigates insurance coverage for liability for damages in the event of data protection breaches. GDPR is the central regulation for the processing of personal data and establishes a number of principles that must be upheld for the data controller to process personal data. If the data controller breaches the principles of the regulation, the data subject has the right to claim damages under Art. 82.1 GDPR. The regulation sets out three cumulative requirements that must be met for liability for damages to arise. This includes that a breach of the GDPR has occurred, that material or immaterial damage as a result of this breach has arisen, and that there is a causal link between the damage and the breach. The regulation also includes a provision that supersedes the national tort law provisions of Member States, which means that the GDPR shall be applied according to its wording and that the cumulative requirements under Art. 82.1 GDPR must be followed. This means that national tort law concepts should not be equated with concepts as set out in Art. 82.1 GDPR as the concepts have arisen in a completely different context. For example, in some cases, material and immaterial damages are translated into economic and non-economic damages. The concepts are not synonymous and should not be attributed the same meaning as the terminology in Art. 82.1 GDPR can be misinterpreted. The insurance terms and conditions that regulate liability for damages in the event of data protection breaches and also refer to Art. 82.1 GDPR, in some cases contain national tort law concepts and other concepts that are not evident in the regulation. This may lead to a lack of congruence between the wording of the terms and conditions and the wording of the regulation, resulting in interpretation issues when assessing whether liability for damages exists. Therefore, the insurance terms and conditions should only contain terminology as set out in Art. 82.1 GDPR. Data protection breaches usually result in harm to a large group of people, which is why the regulation allows data subjects to bring a collective action with the assistance of a not-for-profit organization under Art. 80 GDPR. Theoretically, damages awarded may exceed insurance coverage, which means there is no insurance coverage for collective actions for the data controller in such cases. However, the insurance terms and conditions do not specify that the insurance does not cover such a claim. Therefore, insurance companies are faced with the challenge of handling such claims, which is why the insurance should be updated to cover damages in a collective action in the event of data protection breaches. GDPR General Data Protection Regulation protection Insurances breach insurance Class action lawsuit terms and conditions Personal data Personal data protection Registered Privacy protection Insurance coverage sum insured Damages compensation Tort law Material damages Immaterial damages Violation Economic loss Insurance company European Union Personal Data Act Data integrity Confidentiality Confidentiality protection Information protection Personal data protection Insurance contract Liability for damages Data controller DPO Data processor Compensation for damages Claim for damages Insurance coverage Principles Data protection principles Compliance Insurance compensation Tort law Regulation Directive Law Swedish Authority for Privacy Protection Data protection officer European Data Protection Board Article 29 workgroup Article Article 82 Data controller responsibility Sanctions Administrative fines Data Protection Directive Artikel 82 GDPR Dataskydd Försäkring Försäkringar Databrottsförsäkring Grupptalan Försäkringsvillkor Personuppgift Personuppgifter Personuppgiftsskydd Registrerad Registrerade Integritetsskydd Försäkringsbelopp Skadestånd Skadeståndslag Materiell Immateriell Kränkning Förmögenhetsskada Försäkringsbolag Dataskyddsförordningen EU Personuppgiftslag Dataintegritet Sekretess Sekretessskydd Informationsskydd Personuppgiftsskydd Försäkringsavtal Skadeståndsskyldighet Skadeståndsansvar Personuppgiftsansvarig Personuppgiftsbiträde Skadeståndsersättning Skadeståndskrav Försäkringsskydd Principer Dataskyddsprinciper Regelefterlevnad Försäkringsersättning Skadeståndslagen Förordning Direktiv Lag Integritetsskyddsmyndigheten IMY Dataskyddsombud Data EDPB Artikel 82 Personuppgiftsansvar Sanktioner Sanktionsavgifter Dataskyddsdirektivet DPO Artikel 82 GDPR Artikel 82 Europeiska unionen Law and Society Juridik och samhälle

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