All children should be safe when walking to or from school as well as around the school area.When there is a constructions site near the school or in close connection to the schoolyard therecan be significant problems with safety. This bachelor thesis is written to makesure that children feel safe and comfortable around the school premises regardless of anew school building being built or renovations of an old one is taking place. This thesis is being written for Enköpings municipality but is applicable to all municipalities in Sweden. This work proceeds from the construction of Nya Westerlundska gymnasiet which isan upper secondary school that is being planned and build during the time of this study. The 2030 Agenda that contains goals from the United Nations(UN) amongst Quality Education is being discussed together with goals from the EuropeanUnion, Sweden and Enköping. It is important that the education keep the same quality even if there is a construction site in the area, hence why the question about childrens safty around construction sites is important. The work has partly been executed by comparing administrative regulations from previously built schools in the municipality to see what the requirements have been before concerning children’s safety. People that have been working with similar projects and with Westerlundska was interviewed.Thenceforth the interviews were compared with the administrative regulations and recommendations for future projects where made. The conclusion where that Enköpings municipality have made many good safety measurements regarding construction projects around schoolchildren. In the future the municipality can make similar requirements andjust adding a few for specifics. The municipality will not be hindered by Swedish law to do so. It also became clear that cooperation and direct communication between the school, the construction site and the municipality is of the utmost importance. / Alla barn och ungdomar ska vara trygga och bekväma i sina skolmiljöer och när de tar sig till och från skolan. När det sker en omfattande tillbyggnad eller ombyggnation vid skolan kan det uppstå problem med trygghet och säkerhet. Det här examensarbetet har gjorts för att komma fram till hur kommun och byggföretag borde gå tillväga och samarbeta för att behålla samma trygga skolmiljö även under byggnationen. Examensarbetet är utfört i samarbete med Enköpings kommun men det som tas upp är applicerbart på alla kommuner runt om i Sverige. Arbetet utgår ifrån byggnationen av Nya Westerlundska gymnasiet som är en skola vars byggnation planeras under tiden som arbetet skrivs. Att det finns globala och nationella hållbarhetsmål som behöver försökas nås, däribland god utbildning för alla, tas upp i detta arbete. Det är viktigt att utbildningen håller samma nivå även när det händer saker omkring skolområdet, därför är frågan om barns säkerhet vid byggnationer viktig. I arbetet jämförs administrativa föreskrifter från tidigare byggda skolor i Enköpings kommun för att se vilka skolor som har specificerade krav som gynnar skolbarns säkerhet vid byggnationen. Personer som på olika sätt har med skolbyggnationer att göra i Enköpings kommun har intervjuats för att få olika perspektiv i arbetet. Därefter jämfördes personernas intervju med de administrativa förskrifterna för att få fram vad som tidigare gjorts bra och vad som rekommenderas att göras vid framtida byggprojekt. Slutsatsen för arbetet är att Enköpings kommun har gjort många bra säkerhetsåtgärder inför byggprojekt runt skolbarn i kommunen. Det går att säkerställa säkerheten även i fortsättningen genom att lägga in krav i de administrativa föreskrifterna och att det inte hindras av Lagen om offentlig upphandling (LOU). Det blev också tydligt i och med rapporten att samverkan mellan skolverksamhet, beställare och entreprenör under entreprenadtiden är av högsta vikt.

Purpose: The study aims to examine how real estate companies have implemented, and how they report on, ther work with the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs in their sustainability report. Theory: The study is based on the theory of legitimacy, the stakeholder theory, the signal theory and the neo-institutional theory. Method: The study was conducted with a qualitative method through content analysis of companies’ sustainability reports. The study adopted a deductive approach by building on previous research. The sample consisted of Swedish listed real estate companies that report according to GRI. The measurement of implementation was based on Schramades 4 phases of implementation. Result: 100% of the companies studied have implemented the SDGs in their sustainability report. The majority report their work only in the sustainability section. The average phase of implementation the companies are in is 2.7 out of 4. All companies prioritized goal 7 closely followed by goal 11 and 8. The companies reported on average 8,3 of the SDGs. Conclusion: The companies have an interest in presenting their work with the SDGs, but they are not fully implemented in the companies sustainability reports. As the majority of the companies are in phase 2, where they only include Agenda 2030 and the SDGs in their accounts and do not report measurably on their contribution, this indicated that there is a greater interest in making stakeholders and society happy and seem legitimate than t actually contribute to fulfillment, The study’s conclusions support previous research and contribute to the confirmation of the signal theory.

In 2015 every member of the United Nations accepted Agenda 2030, a guideline for sustainable development with the aim of keeping the temperature from rising above two degrees Celsius. However, it’s still not clear what it seeks to sustain, and the logic behind the concept remains elusive. This thesis aims to examine the meaning behind environmental sustainability by investigating how Agenda 2030 is interpreted by urban planners in Malmö, through analysing the problematisations made in the environmental programme for environmental sustainability in Malmö. The analysis relies on the idea that a policy is created in order to solve a problem. By examining what is seen as a problem the underlying logic of the policies will be discerned. By examining the problematisations of the environmental programme of the municipality of Malmö between 2019-2020 the research will elucidate what environmental sustainability means in the context of Malmö, Sweden. The research showed that the municipality wishes to make optimal use of environmental sustainability as a tool for social, economic and environmental development through changed behaviour of businesses, staff at Malmö Stad, and its citizens. The municipality’s environmental programme implies that unsustainability stems from lack of knowledge, which causes people to make unsustainable choices. Environmental sustainability, as presented, by the municipality of Malmö’s policy document to be about optimising and increasing the environment’s beneficial effects for humans.

The implementation of E-health innovations varies between countries. An E-health innovation that has had a big impact on healthcare is the electronic patient medical record. Electronic patient medical records contribute to better communication between caregivers and to a better operation by providing caregivers the right information at the right time. The European Commission writes that digital solutions in healthcare can improve the overall health for European citizens. E-health innovations and the access to Electronic Patient Medical Records differs in Europe. While some countries have fully developed Electronic Patient Medical Records, some have not even started. Bosnia & Herzegovina is striving for EU-membership and is yet under implementation of Electronic patient medical records. The aim of this study is to improve the understanding of what socio-technical challenges and opportunities Bosnia and Herzegovina is facing when implementing electronic patient medical records. The method used to answer the research question is a qualitative method using a purposeful sampling by interviewing healthcare professionals in Bosnia & Herzegovina. Six semi-structured interviews were carried out with the help of a translator. The data was analyzed using an inductive content analysis enabling to distinguish challenges and possibilities with the implementation of electronic patient medical records at the hospital in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The result of the study indicates that Bosnia & Herzegovina are facing challenges such as lack of IT-skills, troubles with accessing the electronic patient medical records during power outs or system crashes and the system not fully supporting the way the doctors want to document. The opportunities listed are a better ability to provide patients with quality care, a greater access to information and the possibility to further implement E-health innovations.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) localization is a growing concept in environmentalgovernance, with a focus on transferring global goals to local governments. A process underlyinga decentralized and multi-governance approach by involving local stakeholders in the policycycle. According to recent studies, localization has the potential of accelerating Agenda 2030 inthree steps; awareness-raising, implementation, and monitoring. Yet, after more than two years ofliving in a global Covid-19 pandemic, societies have changed, and foremost politics. New policyinstruments (lockdowns, masks, social distancing), economic decline, and new political prioritieshave all emerged from the pandemic. The question remaining is: How has the pandemic affectedlocalization and ultimately Agenda 2030? What are the institutional changes deriving fromCovid-19? And is it a positive or negative development for achieving Agenda 2030?On the 9th of February, 2022, the national Covid-19 restrictions in Sweden were uplifted and theaim of this research is to analyze the research puzzle of localization and the pandemic byconducting ten in-depth interviews with policy-practitioners in Swedish municipalities. Theresearch will derive from a critical fantasy theory encapturing rule-following and social practicesamong the practitioners, the forces and factors contributing to the maintainence, reformation, andcontestation of political discourses. The “inside perspective” of SDG localization offered aglimpse of routinized social pracitices and political discourses characterized by politicaltraditionalism, departmental silos, and “island solutions”. New emerging governance innovationsshowcase a step towards E-governance and centralized models for cross-municipal cooperation.Ultimately, offering a glimpse of what the future of SDG localization in Sweden could look like

Although the global population is older than ever before, older persons' health is not necessarily included in policy planning. This study aimed to study how older people were included, excluded, and framed in Agenda 2030. Through qualitative content analysis, the sub-targets and indicators of Agenda 2030 were categorised and analysed. Seven categories were located; Poverty relates to age, Violence relates to age, Political inclusion relates to age, Elderly as a vulnerable group, Health of children and fertile women prioritised, Sexual health, and Youth seen as an investment. By analysing the manifest and latent material, this study showed that older persons are not prioritised in the SDGs and that when they are included, they are framed as vulnerable. While older persons are explicitly included in some ways (such as in political inclusion), they are also excluded from many sub-targets and indicators of Agenda 2030. This study argues that in order to not “leave the elderly behind”, more needs to be done to include older persons and to age disaggregate the data. / <p>Betyg i Ladok 220617.</p>

In 2015 the 17 Sustainable Development Goals were adopted by 193 member states of the United Nations. The SDGs are highly ambitious and their underlying processes are interconnected by causal relationships. Work towards fulfilling them therefore requires considering how solutions for one goal will impacts others. In this study target-oriented backcasting is applied to examine set goals in the future, as well as to determine the current state and trends of development. This is done in an effort to determine conflicts between targets and resource limitations of future development. The findings suggest that the current paradigm of giving GDP growth highest societal priority, leads to a causal relationship where development occurs at the expense of sustainability at the global level. In order to overcome this, the fulfilment of the SDGs has to be given higher priority than the size and growth rate of the GDP. / Under 2015 antogs de 17 globala hållbarhetsmålen av 193 medlemsstater i Förenta Nationerna. Målen är väldigt ambitiösa och deras underliggande processer sammanlänkar dem via orsakssamband. Arbetet med att uppfylla målen kräver därför att hänsyn tas till hur tänkta lösningar till ett mål i sin tur påverkar de övriga. I den här studien tillämpas target-oriented backcasting för att undersöka de uppsatta framtida målen, samt hur utvecklingen i dagsläget förhåller sig till dessa. Detta görs som ett försök att identifiera konflikter mellan de uppsatta målen, samt mot den begränsade mängden naturresurser som finns tillgänglig för framtida utveckling. Resultaten tyder på att under det rådande paradigmet där BNP tillväxt ges högsta prioritet i samhället, leder detta till ett orsakssamband där samhällsutveckling sker på bekostnad av långsiktig hållbarhet på global nivå. För att kunna komma runt detta krävs att uppfyllandet av de globala hållbarhetsmålen prioriteras över ekonomins storlek och tillväxt avseende BNP.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka och analysera skillnader mellan olika branscher i Sverige vid tillämpning av GRI standards och målen för Agenda 2030 inom hållbarhetsredovisning.Teoretiskt referensram: Den teoretiska referensramen i denna studie utgår ifrån GRI, Agenda 2030, ÅRL, legitimitetsteorin, intressentteorin, triple bottom line, signalteori samt tidigare forskning för att genom dessa stärka studiens resultat.  Metod: Studien utgår ifrån en kvantitativ metod som grundar sig i en frekvensundersökning på 48 olika företag inom fyra branscher. Datainsamlingen sker genom att undersöka urvalets hållbarhetsrapporter och genomföra en statistisk analys på insamlade datan. Analysarbetet genomfördes med hjälp av Microsoft Excel samt SPSS där ett anova test samt ett post hoc tukey test genomfördes för att få fram relevant information för att kunna besvara studiens frågeställningar och syfte.  Empiri: I studiens empiri presenteras relevant data för att kunna genomföra analysarbete av insamlade datan. I den empiriska statistiken kan det utläsas deskriptiv statistik, anova tester och post hoc tukey tester med tillhörande förklaringar av siffrorna som sedan fördjupas ytterligare i analysavsnittet.  Slutsats: Studiens slutsatser påvisar att det inte finns några signifikanta skillnader i hållbarhetsrapportering baserat på branschtillhörighet. I slutsatsen diskuteras hur de olika teorierna och tidigare forskning kan kopplas till resultatet samt ytterligare vad som skulle kunna genomförts annorlunda och hur man skulle kunna genomföra en framtida forskning. / Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze differences between different industry sectors in Sweden when they apply GRI standards and 2030 Agenda sustainable development in their sustainability reports.Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework in this study is based on GRI, 2030 Agenda sustainable development, the annual accounts act, legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory, triple bottom line, signaling theory and previous research to strengthen conclusions and results of the study.  Methodology: The study is based on a quantitative method based on a frequency survey of 48 different companies in four industries. The data collection takes place by examining the sample's sustainability reports and carrying out a statistical analysis on the collected data. The analysis work was carried out using Microsoft Excel and SPSS where an anova test and a post hoc Tukey test were carried out to obtain relevant information to be able to answer the study's questions and purpose.  Result: In the study's empirical data, relevant data are presented to be able to carry out analysis of the collected data. In the empirical statistics, descriptive statistics, anova tests and post hoc Tukey tests can be read with associated explanations of the numbers, which are then deepened further in the analysis section.  Conclusion: The study's conclusions demonstrate that there are no significant differences in sustainability reporting based on industry affiliation. In the conclusion, it is discussed how the various theories and previous research can be connected to the result, as well as what could be done differently and how future research could be carried out.

Uppsatsen har två tydliga utgångspunkter. Den ena lyfter fram Agenda 2030 som en gemensam målbild för det hållbarhetsarbete som behöver ske för att uppnå ett socialt, ekonomiskt och miljömässigt hållbart samhälle inom överskådlig framtid. Den andra är det självklara i att: när kulturmiljövårdssektorn argumenterar för att det byggda kulturarvet bör bevaras så innebär det även, per definition, en möjlighet till resurshushållning av ändliga materiella resurser. Uppsatsen belyser frågor kring hur konsulter inom den svenska kulturmiljövården ställer sig till att använda miljömässiga hållbarhetsargument i relation till uppdragsgivare och myndigheter. Frågan ställs huruvida det ingår i kulturmiljövårdens roll att argumentera för hushållandet av ändliga materiella resurser jämte bevarandet av kulturvärden? Intervjuer har genomförts med 18 representanter från kulturmiljövården, dess uppdragsgivare och beställare samt Stockholms Statsbyggnadskontor. Sammanfattningsvis visar undersökningen att respondenterna anser att kulturmiljövårdssektorn idag inte använder sig av miljömässiga argument för att lyfta fram hushållandet av ändliga materiella resurser. En majoritet av respondenterna ställer sig positiva till att sektorn skulle kunna göra det i framtiden. Attityder kring livscykelanalyser baserade på generisk data har undersökts som ett möjligt verktyg för att synliggöra och kvantifiera eventuella miljömässiga vinster i samband med bevarande av det byggda kulturarvet. Detta som ett exempel på ett konkret miljömässigt argument. 17 av 18 respondenter i undersökningen anser att det vore användbart, dock utifrån olika perspektiv. Vidare pekar intervjusvaren på att det råder delade meningar kring vilken roll kulturmiljövården ska ha inom hållbar samhällsbyggnad, och om miljömässiga argument bör innefattas i den rollen. Intervjusvaren sätts in i en bredare kontext via analysen som tar avstamp i tankemodellen Kulturvård 3.0. Här definieras tre faser inom vilka kulturmiljövården verkar. Dessa kan sammanfattas som: fas 1.0 där fokus ligger på att bevara och skydda byggnader, 2.0 där fokus ligger på att vårda och restaurera byggnader, 3.0 där fokus ligger på att använda byggnader på ett sätt som kan bidra till hållbar utveckling. Enligt analysen ligger uppsatsens frågeställningar fortfarande inom pågående förhandling kring vad som bör ingå i kulturmiljövårdens framtida roll. Förhandlingen kan i sin tur ses som en del av fas 3 i tankemodellen, där teman som hållbar utvekling, anpassad återanvändning, kulturmiljövården som resurs samt samarbete över sektorsgränser, står som riktmärken.

Sweden is a country that has made significant achievements regarding sustainable development through its implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Regardless of its efforts and leading position in global sustainability work, scholars have pointed out how other countries are negatively affected by its actions. Previous research also emphasized how nega- tive global spillover effects lead to adverse events affecting the world environmentally, socially, and economically. By conducting a qualitative content analysis through the lens of the theoret- ical framework, The Spillover Index, this study aims to shed light on the overlooked negative spillover effects stemming from Sweden's implementation of the SDGs. This paper recognizes the actions and acknowledgments made by Sweden on its negative spillover effects, along with unintended consequences and contradictions. The result of this thesis emphasizes the urgency for a more holistic understanding of sustainability and the SDGs, calling for countries to con- sider when implementing its sustainability work, not only national achievements, and gains but also the extensive impact of its actions in a global context.