Coaching and the coaching process are characterised by a number of complex interactions between the coach, the player and the club environment. Yet understanding of the coaching process as a complex, holistic process remains limited. There are 'gaps' in our existing knowledge, particularly in comprehending the dynamic relationship between the coach, player and club environment, and in understanding the implications of these interactions for practice and the coaching process. This research sought to examine and represent the complexity of the coach-player-club environment interface, and to understand some of the ways that they interact to construct and impinge upon the coaching process. The research was conducted on the premise that a sound understanding of the complexity of the coaching process drawing upon empirical research, rather than idealistic 'models', can inform the future development of coaching practice and coach education. Within the framework of ethnography, the research took place over one season and used participant observation, unstructured interviews, semi-structured interviews and group interviews in one Football Association, Premier League Academy. The aim was to explore the coaching process and practical coaching context, as played out in the day-to-day experiences of coaches and youth team players. In addition to the main case-study club, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five coaches working with youth teams at other clubs. The research used concepts from grounded theory and also the work of Pierre Bourdieu to analyse and present the data. In its findings, the study depicts a coaching process that is interdependent and interrelated and highlights complexity in each of the following elements: the club, sessions and games, players and coaches, relationships, and 'attitude'. The dynamism within and between each of these elements is illustrated in the ways that each can facilitate, constrain or even prevent 'effective' practice and the operation of the coaching process. Moreover, the research demonstrates the powerful nature of tradition and culture, highlighting their pervasive influence upon the coaching process and coaching practice. Life at the case study club was characterised by authoritarianism and pressure, and was relentlessly directed towards winning. This backdrop strongly influenced the relationship between coaches and players, and impacted upon the coaching process. Importantly, the research presents evidence to suggest that coach education may be a relatively 'low impact' endeavour in comparison to the coaches' other experiences which are presented as a significant force shaping both coaches' development and practice. To harness this experience and develop coach education, this research suggests that the governing body could consider embracing mentoring as part of coach education and, as part of this, coaches should be encouraged to engage in critical reflection in order to understand how cultural and other forces shape their practice. However, for mentoring to succeed, it must be grounded in a thorough understanding of the culture of football clubs, and the ways coaches draw upon their life experiences in football to direct their own practice and judge the practices and 'worth' of others. Importantly, this research begins to answer some of the criticisms levelled at previous research by examining interaction and complexity within the coaching process in-situ. It highlights the problematic, interrelated and interdependent nature of relationships that construct and influence the coaching process and coaching practice. Importantly, it highlights the important and under-researched link between coaching practice, the coaching process and the immediate and wider social context of football.

Celebrities used in advertising has recently been something that consumers have come in contact with on a daily basis. Corporations use celebrities and their attributes as positive reinforcement and association towards the company or their marketed product. Through increased usage of media, the consumers to this advertising technique have been given an opportunity towards better insight into celebrities’ daily life. People are not only receivers of advertising, they are also media producers for the medias agenda. This makes everyone significant in the distribution of advertising. The area of research is called Celebrity Endorsement. All theories within the area presume that all receivers interpret the message in the same manner. In classic communication research there are theories like habitus, encoding and decoding that are the basis for a receiver perspective. These theories are aimed inter alia at people’s past experience influences how people act in a social structure and the receiver thus detects the communication in different ways. In this study, we have therefore created a deeper understanding of consumer’s perspective in celebrity endorsement for further find links to the theories of classical communication research. In this study we want to create a deeper understanding from the perspective of the receiver of celebrity endorsement. This study is also to find connections to theories within classical communications research. The study will also investigate deeper to understand how people within the same target audience are decoding celebrity and advertising activities. To reach a result we have used a qualitative reception analysis, where focus groups from different target audiences has been used. Within the focus groups discussions of current TV-commercials and fictitious cooperation between celebrities and corporations were used for the participants to express their opinion of celebrities in advertising. The study’s result is summarized in four different perspectives, which emerged from the empirical material. The first perspective has been analyzed from the participants’ earlier experiences. The second perspective deals with the participants’ self-knowledge and differences in their capability to objectively being able to analyze their own, as well as the others capability of decoding the messages. The studies third perspective affects the participants’ confessions. This includes further differences in the participants reasoning and confessing or not confessing to celebrity endorsements impact on them. In the last perspective it is described how participants used irony to make a difficult topic easier to talk about. The result of our study shows that advertising with celebrities are decoded in more ways than are described in the models within celebrity endorsement and that classical communication research should be implemented Keywords: Celebrity endorsement, celebrity, encoding, decoding, habitus, Stuart Hall, Pierre Bourdieu, trademarks, brand

How do retail service industry employees perform appearance and identity to generate capital? This thesis is data collected through interviews with 5 female retail employees, analyzed in conjunction with relevant readings about performance at work through appearance and identity (Chapter 1 Erving Goffman), the involvement of the self at work for financial gain of the self and the employer (Chapter 2 Arlie Russell Hochschild) and the sale of self for the accumulation of forms of capital (Chapter 3 Pierre Bourdieu, Henri Lefebvre, and other theorists concerned with consumer culture). The thesis begins at the level of the individual, expands to the realm of the retail environment and its associated relationships, and finally moves to examining the circulation of forms of capital. I assert that the research participants, as embodied employees of lifestyle brands, provide a form of capital for their employers. The employees performances positively reinforce the retailers brands and images, and thereby reproduce consumer culture by inciting desire.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / This thesis is an enquiry into the social and political role, in Australia, of practices that have attracted such labels as ‘community arts’, ‘cultural animation’, ‘cultural action’, or ‘community cultural development’ (CCD). It is often argued that such practices offer an effective means to bring about social and political change for people and communities who participate in them. Looking specifically at theatre-based approaches to CCD in Australia, this thesis examines an alternative hypothesis, namely that such projects and programs can contribute to the continued marginalisation of those who take part in them. Using a combination of Pierre Bourdieu’s theoretical approach to field analysis, Don Handelman’s analytical framework of special events and Baz Kershaw’s theory of potential efficacy, I carry out an ethnographic and performance-based analysis of a particular project called The Longest Night (TLN), which was devised in collaboration with young people from The Parks, a cluster of suburbs north west of Adelaide, South Australia, and in collaboration between Urban Theatre Projects, a small Sydney-based theatre company with a reputation for doing socially and politically challenging work, young people living in The Parks and local partner organisations, for the 2002 Adelaide Festival. I find that in some instances participation in CCD projects and programs is an enabling factor, creating change opportunities in cultural, economic and/or political spheres in the lives of those who take part, whilst at other times it is a constraining factor. Participation in CCD projects and programs creates possibilities because the practices are potentially subversive and foster elements of learning and change in some participants. It also creates limitations because CCD practitioners operate within a subfield of social and cultural practices where the mechanisms and structures in place, indirectly, tend to help reproduce legitimised social and cultural values and norms.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / This thesis is an enquiry into the social and political role, in Australia, of practices that have attracted such labels as ‘community arts’, ‘cultural animation’, ‘cultural action’, or ‘community cultural development’ (CCD). It is often argued that such practices offer an effective means to bring about social and political change for people and communities who participate in them. Looking specifically at theatre-based approaches to CCD in Australia, this thesis examines an alternative hypothesis, namely that such projects and programs can contribute to the continued marginalisation of those who take part in them. Using a combination of Pierre Bourdieu’s theoretical approach to field analysis, Don Handelman’s analytical framework of special events and Baz Kershaw’s theory of potential efficacy, I carry out an ethnographic and performance-based analysis of a particular project called The Longest Night (TLN), which was devised in collaboration with young people from The Parks, a cluster of suburbs north west of Adelaide, South Australia, and in collaboration between Urban Theatre Projects, a small Sydney-based theatre company with a reputation for doing socially and politically challenging work, young people living in The Parks and local partner organisations, for the 2002 Adelaide Festival. I find that in some instances participation in CCD projects and programs is an enabling factor, creating change opportunities in cultural, economic and/or political spheres in the lives of those who take part, whilst at other times it is a constraining factor. Participation in CCD projects and programs creates possibilities because the practices are potentially subversive and foster elements of learning and change in some participants. It also creates limitations because CCD practitioners operate within a subfield of social and cultural practices where the mechanisms and structures in place, indirectly, tend to help reproduce legitimised social and cultural values and norms.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-07-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:42:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 feres_gg_dr_bauru.pdf: 4575100 bytes, checksum: 1cc45d9e87cbf1f7d04206f199e71f16 (MD5) / Buscou-se identificar origens, evolução, tendências e perspectivas da pós-graduação em Ensino de Ciências no Brasil para contribuir com a visibilidade da sua constituição e instituicionalização enquanto campo científico que apresenta características e cultura própria, além dos seus impactos na produção do conhecimento na área educacional do páís. Por meio de procedimentos metodológicos que envolveram o desenvolvimento de trajetória de pesquisas: bibliográfica, documental, campo e teórica, perseguiu-se esse objetivo, mediante a apropriação de aportes teóricos e, em especial, sob a ótica da teoria de Pierre Bourdieu. Isso permitiu identificar, descrever e conduzir à compreensão de conceitos relacionais presentes e à descrição da existência, constituição e institucionalização da área em foco no Brasil; procedendo-se também à identificação do espectro que a envolve, influenciado por marcos contextual de natureza econômica, social, política e cultural, com destaque à pesquisa, produção intelectual e à comunicação científica. Os resultados obtidos refletem as relações entre a teoria e a prática que se fazem presentes na pós-graduação em foco e que a distinguem como uma área do conhecimento de relevância no contexto brasileiro. Desse modo, pode-se concluir que: tem caráter multidisciplinar e uma historicidade própria no cenári educacional; sua representatividade está fundamentalmente apoiada nos programas de pós-graduação, em suas temáticas de formação de massa crítica e profissional, linhas e grupos de pesquisa e, ainda, na produção científica decorrente. Embora esteja consolidada e institucionalizada perante organismos como a Capes, ainda se ressente da existência de uma cultura da informação e da criação de uma Rede de Informação Especializada para o compartilhamento adequado do conhecimento gerado pelos seus agentes... / This study througt to identify the origins, trends and perspectives of the Science Education area in order to contribute to the visibility of its constitution and institutionalization as a scientific field that presents its own characteristics and culture, besides its impact on the production of knowledge in the educational field in the country. Through methodological procedures involving the development of the trajectory of bibliographic, documental, field and theoretical researches, we have tried to reach this objective, through the appropriation of theoretical subsidies, in particular, under the perspective of the Pierre Bourdieu's theory. This has allowed us to identify, describle and lead to the understanding of present relational concepts and institutionalization of this specific field in Brazil; and also the identification of a spectrum that surrounds this field, influenced by contextual limits of economic, social, political and culture nature, with emphasis on research, intellectual production and the scientific community. The results reflect the relations between theory and practice that are present in the field of Science Education and distinguish it as field of knowledge of great relevance in the Brazilian context. Thereby, we can conclude that: the field of Science Education has a multidisciplinary character and its own historicity in the education scene; its representationis fundamentally supported by graduate programs, in its formation thermes of critical and professional mass, lines and research groups and in the scientific output. Although this field is consolidated before institutionalized organizations such as CAPES, it still needs information culture and the creation of a specialized information network for the sharing of the adequate knowledge created by its agents ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur åtta studenter som identifierar sig själva som medvetna konsumenter använder politisk konsumtion som strategi för att söka erkännande inför sig själv och andra. Studien tar särskild hjälp av teoretiska begrepp konstruerade av Pierre Bourdieu. Metoden som används för datainsamling är semistrukturerade intervjuer. Utifrån detta syfte har följande frågeställningar formulerats: Vilka strategier använder åtta studenter för att söka erkännande genom politisk konsumtion? Vilka blir konsekvenserna av dessa strategier och hur skiljer de sig mellan männen och kvinnorna i studien? Tidigare forskning visar att hur mycket av en persons konsumtion som är politisk beror på position och roll i samhället. Framförallt kvinnor och de med akademisk utbildning tenderar att vara de största politiska konsumentgrupperna. Vidare vet vi att Sverige internationellt sett har relativt hög politisk konsumtion. Många upplever att det är svårt att göra rätt inför sig själva och inför samhället i relation till politisk konsumtion. Genom Bourdieus teoretiska perspektiv där både aktören och strukturen fångas in i begreppet habitus har vi undersökt hur åtta studenter i Stockholm hanterar frågor om rätt och fel i relation till politisk konsumtion. Resultat och analys presenteras utifrån följande teman: Att konsumera politiskt; Kunskapskapital; Konstruktionen av ett självreflexivt habitus. De två första temana beskriver strategier för att nå erkännande, det vill säga ackumulera vad Bourdieu kallar symboliskt kapital, det sista temat ämnar till att beskriva aspekter och konsekvenser av respondenternas habitus utifrån dissonans, ambivalens och skam. Slutligen pekar studien på en skillnad i hur män och kvinnor känner kring politisk konsumtion. Denna studie är explorativ och uppmuntrar till vidare studier om såväl studenter som andra samhällsgruppers relation till politisk konsumtion.

Denna kandidatuppsats syftar till att beskriva och öka förståelsen för det kulturjournalistiska fältets mående. Detta utifrån och med hjälp av verksamma och tillika namnkunniga kulturjournalisters egna utsagor. På detta vis vill studien svara på huruvida kulturjournalisterna själva uttrycker att de upplever förändringar i branschen, och vad dessa i så fall skulle kunna bero på. Vidare ställer undersökningen frågan om hur kulturjournalister ser på sig själva, och vad de gör för att värna om sitt eget fält. Studien bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer och kvalitativ analys av empiriskt material som inhämtats i samband med dessa intervjuer. Genom att intervjua 7 kulturjournalister har de data som ligger till grund för forskningsresultatet samlats in. Respondenternas formulerade tankar och uppfattningar angående yrkesområdet och branschen har sedan analyserats, med intention att besvara uppsatsens vetenskapliga frågeställning. Undersökningens resultat diskuteras utifrån den franske sociologen och medieteoretikern Pierre Bourdieus fältteori, samt med utgångspunkt i ibland andra John McManus tankar om journalistikens kommersialisering. Resultatet visar att faktorer såsom kommersialisering och politisering av det kulturjournalistiska fältet tillsammans med internets framväxt och expansion har förändrat de sätt på vilka respondenterna upplever kulturjournalistik. Flera av de intervjuade journalisterna uppger att de anser att kulturjournalistik i Sverige idag, av dessa anledningar, inte mår särskilt bra. Sammanfattningsvis visar den här kandidatuppsatsen att 7 välkända kulturjournalister, verksamma i Sverige, ger utryck för åsikten att politiska och kommersiella krafter påverkat och påverkar det kulturjournalistiska fältet, och att detta på många sätt är negativt.

Detta är en studie om vilken typ av människor som väljer att bli idrottslärare och varför de väljer just att undervisa i ämnet Idrott och Hälsa. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om det finns gemensamma faktorer som går att urskilja för personer inom idrottsläraryrket och även försöka förstå vad som krävs för att bli idrottslärare. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt har sin grund i Pierre Bourdieus teorier om symboliskt kapital. Metoden som används är semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem lärare som i dagsläget undervisar i Idrott och Hälsa på högstadiet. Dessa lärare har arbetat olika länge och arbetar på olika skolor och har på sina sätt format sin egen undervisningsstrategi och hur de ser på yrket och vad som krävs för att lyckas. Resultatet visar att det krävs vissa specialegenskaper för att kunna bli idrottslärare, inte bara ett grundintresse för idrott utan även egenskaper att kunna leda, motivera, bygga relationer och framför allt att inspirera och motivera till ett aktivt liv. Idrottslärarna är eniga i sina svar att det inte är vem som helst som kan bli idrottslärare och att det skulle behövas någon form utav lämplighetsprov, antingen vid ansökningen till utbildningen eller under första verksamhetsförlagda utbildningen när lärarstudenterna får prova på att praktisera under en period i en skola.