Kundlojalitet är ett begrepp som aldrig tycks försvinna ur marknadsföringens ordlistor, kanske eftersom det för många företag är det ultimata marknadsföringsmålet. Den samtida konkurrensen har tack vare globalisering och digitalisering blivit hårdare än någonsin och lojalitet har aldrig varit mer relevant. Men kundlojalitet som forskningsområde är långt ifrån tydligt och enat i sina åsikter, och i det värsta fallet tycks det vara oklart vad lojalitet ens är eller om det kan skapas eller påverkas. Därmed uppfattas ett behov av att närmare undersöka hur kundlojalitet hanteras av företag inom detaljhandel via onlinekanaler, en bransch som har drabbats av en hårdare konkurrens. En kartläggning av forskning kring ämnet förtydligar att kundlojalitet som koncept har studerats, omdefinierats och kritiserats i en stor utsträckning, men att det nu finns en enad syn på kundlojalitet som ett flerdimensionellt koncept bestående av både beteende och attityd. Men detta synsätt har enligt forskning inte översatts väl till praktiken och många av de strategier som tillämpas såsom lojalitetsprogram kritiseras för att inte främja sann lojalitet. Samtidigt har mycket av den forskning som genomförts fokuserat på konsumentsidan och varför det som görs i relation till lojalitet inte fungerar. Denna masteruppsats fortsätter studien av kundlojalitetens praktiska situation genom att med intervjuer undersöka hur detaljhandelsföretag inom onlinehandel tacklar kundlojalitet för att tydligare kartlägga vad som görs och varför. Åtta intervjuer resulterade i ett flertal teman som beskriver hur kundlojaliteten uppfattas och behandlas i praktiken. Resultaten visar att de definitioner, strategier, metoder och mätetal som används inte stämmer överens med den nyare synen på lojalitet som flerdimensionell. Detta har lett till strategier som varken främjar relationer eller lojalitet och som snarare leder till minskade marginaler och uppmuntrar ett ohållbart konsumentbeteende. Resultaten lyfter även fram fem utmaningar inom det praktiska arbetet med kundlojalitet. Dessa kan härledas till ett övergripande problem som bottnar i att kundlojalitet inte behandlas som en ledningsfråga. / Customer loyalty is a term which is seemingly ubiquitous in the proverbial dictionary of marketing, perhaps because it often is considered the ultimate goal of many marketing activities. Thanks to rising globalisation and digitalisation the current competitive landscape has intensified to a point previously unheard of, which renders loyalty more important than ever before. But, as a field of research customer loyalty is quite split in terms of how loyalty should be defined, and it seems uncertain if loyalty even should be seen as something which can be created. With all this uncertainty in mind there would appear to be a need to more closely examine how Customer Loyalty is actively handled by businesses, using the Swedish e-retail market as a point of reference. A mapping of research on the subject clarifies that customer loyalty as a concept has been studied, redefined and criticized to a great extent, but that there now is a unified view of customer loyalty as a multi-dimensional concept consisting of both behaviour and attitude. However, according to research, this approach has not been translated well into practice, a lot of the strategies applied within loyalty programs has been criticized for not encouraging true loyalty. At the same time, much of the research that has been carried out has focused on the consumer perspective and why the loyalty efforts do not work. This master thesis elaborates on the study of the practicals of customer loyalty by conducting interviews with laypeople to determine how Swedish business within online retail deal with the challenge of maintaining loyalty. A total of eight interviews yielded many themes which thoroughly describe how customer loyalty is viewed, defined, measured and dealt with in practice. Our results show that the definitions, strategies, methods and measurements currently used within the field of loyalty management are not up to snuff when compared with the views of academic research, which define customer loyalty as a multidimensional construct. This has lead to strategies which neither favour loyalty nor relationships but rather result in lessening margins while encouraging unsustainable consumer behaviour. The results also highlight five distinct challenges within the practice of loyalty management. These can largely be contributed to the fact that customer loyalty rarely is given the level of attention on a leadership level that it should warrant.

Due to intense competition, retail stores are today forced to come up with exciting new sales promotional ideas to remain a relevant choice for customers. Gift giving is a sales promotional tool which has previously demonstrated to increase customer satisfaction and spending - an ideal situation for any retailer. However, gift giving has only been researched and confirmed for retailers that offer consumable goods. It has yet to be measured in a context where it is of greater difficulty for the customer to spend more than planned. This research fills that void by conducting a field experiment at a retail store offering durable shopping products.The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect gift giving has on gratitude, obligation, satisfaction, impulsive buying, and spending at a retail store offering durable shopping products. Through a field experiment, the study tests the effect on these variables of both small and large gifts and explore whether customer spending increases alongside the gift’s monetary worth.To complete the purpose of the study, a case company representing a durable shopping products retailer was selected. A field experiment was setup with two experimental groups and one control group. The results from the manipulation were collected through questionnaires which included questions pertaining to the study’s five variables. The collected data was then analysed through the statistics program SPSS.The only emotion that is affected from providing gifts in this retail environment is obligation, a negative emotion, which in turn decreases customer satisfaction. Since giving a gift only evokes negative emotions, it is concluded that a durable goods retailer should not use gift giving as a sales promotional tool. Additionally, when given a large gift, customer spending decreases considerably. This could imply that gift giving does not work in this retail environment, or that an extraneous variable affected the experiment’s outcome.

The New Zealand hospitality sector has become increasingly competitive in the past decade. The increase in competition has prompted motel management to focus on generating favourable customers’ perceptions of their service as favourable perceptions encourage repeat purchase. Strategically, retaining existing customers and attracting new customers will be critical if motels are going to remain profitable in New Zealand’s competitive accommodation market. There is a conceptual gap in the marketing literature as there has been very limited published research on service quality, value, customer satisfaction or behavioural intentions on the motel industry. This study seeks to fill this conceptual gap in the motel industry by identifying the dimensions of service quality, and empirically examining the interrelationships among the service quality dimensions, service quality, value, customer satisfaction, and behavioural intentions. The findings of this study are based on the analysis of a sample of 349 respondents who stayed at a full service New Zealand motel on Riccarton Road in Christchurch. Of the 600 questionnaires distributed, a total of 349 useable responses were returned resulting in a 58.2% useable response rate. Support was found for use of the primary dimensions: Interaction Quality, Physical Environment Quality, and Outcome Quality as broad dimensions of service quality in a hierarchical factor structure for motels. Ten sub-dimensions of service quality, as perceived by motel customers, were determined using focus group interviews and exploratory factor analysis. These ten sub-dimensions were: (1) Staff Professionalism, (2) Accuracy of Reservation, (3) Tangibles, (4) Cleanliness and Comfort, (5) Noise Level, (5) Parking, (7) Security, (8) Accuracy of Billing, (9) Location, and (10) Pleasant Stay. Support for the hypothesised paths between Service Quality, Value (price), Satisfaction, and Favourable Behavioural Intentions was confirmed. The results of the regression analysis make a contribution to the service marketing theory by providing an empirically based insight into the Service Quality construct in the motel industry. The study also provides a framework for understanding the effects of the three primary dimensions on Service Quality and how Service Quality affects Value (price), Satisfaction, and Favourable Behavioural Intentions. Value (price) was also empirically supported as an important predictor variable that has a moderating effect on the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction.

Competition in the mobile services industry is intense, with players in the industry offering generally similar subscription plans. Opportunities are few for differentiating one service provider from another. In the light of prior research suggesting value is multi-dimensional, the present study, which examines how these dimensions impact customer satisfaction and repurchase intentions, provides differentiation opportunities for mobile service providers through focusing on value dimensions that are important to customers. Of six perceived value dimensions examined in the present research, value for money, reputation and social value dimensions had significant effects on customer satisfaction and repurchase intentions. One way for companies in the highly commoditized mobile service industry to minimize customer defection is to enhance their relationships with customers. However, as relationship building comes with a cost, it is of interest for companies to know whether certain customer groups will reciprocate more than others with loyalty if they are satisfied. The results from the present study show customer relationship inclination, the customer attribute examined, did not moderate the relationship between customer satisfaction and repurchase intention. Finally, recent studies have differentiated measures of repurchase intentions on the basis of volition levels and have suggested that better model fit can be achieved when higher volition measures are used. Intentions-as-expectations represents the lower volition end and intentions-as-wants represents the higher volition end of intention measure. However, the present study did not find any significant differences in model fit with the different intention measures used.

政府正積極籌劃台灣成為亞太營運中心，勢必帶動相關服務業的發展，變得格外重要。但是服務業品質具有無形性、易消失性、不可分割性及異質性等特性，使得服務品質相對於產品品質而言更難以量化。此外，無法顯示長期的服務品質變化情形，以為品質改善衡量之依據，也是國內有關服務品質實証研究美中不足之處。 　　本研究選定藥局服務作為實証對象，以藥局的消費大眾為研究樣本，進行服務品質的相關探討，希望找出消費者期望與實際感受差異之構面，供業者作為改進的參考。最重要的是尋求適當的指標，顥示長期顧客滿意度變化情形，以為品質改善衡量之依據。 　　研究結果得到以結論： 　　1.年齡愈小對藥局的外觀愈滿意。收入愈高對藥局的裝潢擺設及貨色齊全愈不滿意。 　　2.消費者普遍對藥局的軟體服務品質有較多的不滿意，顯示業者當務之急是改善藥局的軟體服務品質。 　　3.指數模式一和指數模式二適合作為逐月的追蹤信號，指數模式三則較適合年度的評估檢討範圍。重視程度差異大時，用指數模式；反之，則用指數模式二。問卷施測適合指數模式一和指數模式三，而指數模式二則適合電話語音查詢。

本研究以全球知名品牌 – 蘋果電腦(Apple)中之「iPhone」產品為例，探討「品牌形象」、「知覺價值」對「顧客滿意度」及「顧客忠誠度」之關係研究，希望可以找出該產品成功關鍵因素及有待改善之地方，做為日後開發類似產品的參考及提供蘋果電腦在後續產品規劃、行銷策略與品牌形象經營之參考。 本研究主要採用量化-「問卷調查法」並以質化-「焦點團體訪談法」輔助之方式進行研究；問卷方面，共取得400 份有效問卷，先進行因素分析，擷取適合本研究之因素構面，再進行信度與效度檢測，確定問卷的可信度及可靠度，並運用敘述性統計、t 檢定、單因子變異數分析（one-way ANOVA）、Pearson 相關分析法、迴歸分析法，將資料進行統計分析及假設檢定；質化方面，採用焦點團體訪談法，藉由訪談iPhone的使用者，了解他們對iPhone的使用經驗及建議，經過整理再與量化統計結果相互對應，用以佐證及彌補量化統計結果的可能性偏差，使本研究之結果更為完整。 本研究之結論：  顧客滿意度為3.8 (以五點量表評估，5表示最高)  顧客忠誠度為3.6 (以五點量表評估，5表示最高) iPhone的主要顧客群為年輕、單身、男性，以20-40歲的使用者最多。 對使用者而言，iPhone的產品價值以社交價值最為重要，產品特性則以實用性最為重要，社交價值及實用性對於顧客滿意度及顧客忠誠度影響也最大，滿意度則以服務滿意度仍有改善空間，包含銷售服務及維修服務。 產品定價方面可繼續維持高定價策略，以維持iPhone在顧客心中的價值感。 顧客最滿意iPhone的原因包含：  iPhone的使用者介面  iPhone的智慧型功能、軟體支援與更新  使用iPhone帶來的樂趣  iPhone的外觀設計與質感優  iPhone產品的創新形象 顧客最不滿意iPhone的原因包含：  銷售服務  維修服務 / This research is base the global famous brand – the iPhone of the Apple. Discovery for the relationship of Brand Image、 Perceived Value、Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty are the main stream research. Hope this research can distinguish the key successful factor and the improvement points. It could be the reference for the new model for developing and providing the model design planning of new product for the Apple and reference for the sale strategy and brand image. This research adopts both quantitative and qualitative approaches. In terms of quantitative approach, 400 effective questionnaires are obtained for statisticalanalysis where a few statistical methodologies such as Factor analysis, Descriptive statistic, T-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, Regression are utilized to verify the hypothesis and assumptions. For the qualitative approach which adopt the Focus Group. Hope to know customer’s using experience and suggestion through iPhone user. We analysis the data and contribute the account result with each other to complete this research. The research conclusion are :  The score for the customer satisfaction is 3.8. ( Base on Likert 5 points for evaluation, 5 means the highest)  The score for the customer loyalty is 3.6. ( Base on Likert 5 points for evaluation, 5 means the highest) The iPhone main stream customers are younger, single, male and majority are between 20~40 years. From the user point of view, the most important value of iPhone are societal value and practical value. The societal value and practical value are tremendous effect for customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. There is space to improve in service include sale service and after sale service. The product price strategy can keep the higher range price to matain the iPhone’s value for customer. Customer satisfied reason for iPhone include:  The user interface of iPhone  The software support and update of iPhone  Fun from the iPhone  The ID design and elegant with valuable of iPhone  The creative image of iPhone Customer unsatisfied reason for iPhone include:  Sale service  After sale service

在體驗經濟時代，體驗行銷成為企業行銷的新手段。企業從最初注重產品與服務品質，轉向注重消費者在消費商品過程中對產品與服務的整體感受。企業試圖與消費者進行情感對話，通過引導消費者參與體驗活動獲取消費者對產品、服務、品牌的滿意與忠誠。Apple作為世界“最有價值”品牌之一，與其成功運用體驗行銷手段關係密切。它的成功引發了本研究之最初動機。本文通過對Apple 大型體驗店之顧客進行調查研究，採實證探討方式，研究了體驗行銷、體驗價值、顧客滿意與忠誠度的關係。最後得到以下分析結果： 1. 體驗行銷、體驗價值各構面之內涵比較顯示： (1)體驗行銷五個構面中，情感體驗的影響力最高；思考體驗的影響力相對最弱。(2)體驗價值四個構面中，服務優越性給體驗者的影響力最高；美感的影響力相對最低。 2. 人口變項對體驗價值、顧客滿意度與顧客忠誠度有部分顯著關係。 3. 體驗行銷、體驗價值對顧客滿意度、顧客忠誠度有顯著關係。體驗行銷對體驗價值有部分顯著關係，其中以情感體驗與服務優越性相關程度最高。體驗行銷對顧客滿意度與顧客忠誠度有正向顯著關係，其中以情感體驗對顧客滿意度相關度較高，感官體驗與顧客忠誠度相關度較高。體驗價值對顧客滿意度與顧客忠誠度有正向顯著關係，其中以服務優越性對顧客滿意度相關度最高。顧客滿意度與顧客忠誠度高度相關。 / In the era of Experience Economy, Experiential Marketing becomes a new popular marketing means for enterprise. While the enterprise initially focus on product and service quality, now they pay more attention to the overall consumer feelings than consumer goods themselves in the consuming process. Enterprise attempt to make dialogues with consumer feelings and ask consumer for experience, in order to build the brand of satisfaction and loyalty. "Apple" as one of most valuable brand in the world, has a close relationship with the adoption of Experiential Marketing. Its success sparked the initial motive of this study. This research used one of the Apple largest experiential shops as a case to study the relationships of Experiential Marketing, Experiential Value, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty. Finally we got the following results: 1. The comparison between the various dimensions of Experiential Marketing and Experiential Value showed that: (1)In the five dimensions of Experiential Marketing, the Feel experience has the strongest impact while the Think experience has weakest.(2) In the four dimensions of Experiential Value, Service Excellence has the strongest impact while the Aesthetics experience value has lowest. 2. Population variations have some significant relationship to Experiential Value, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty 3. Experiential Marketing and Experiential Value have significant relationship to Customer Satisfaction and Customer loyalty. Experiential Marketing has some significant relationship with Experiential Value, among which Feel experience has the highest relationship to Service Excellence. Experiential Marketing has positive significant relationship to Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty, among which Feel experience has highest relationship to Customer Satisfaction, and correlation experience with Customer Loyalty. Experience Value has positive significant relationship to Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty, among which Service Excellence has highest relationship to Customer Satisfaction, and Customer Satisfaction with Customer Loyalty.

觀光產業為缺乏自然資源的離島縣份—澎湖縣的重要經濟來源，而自2003年開始舉辦的澎湖花火節，為提振澎湖觀光收入與打造菊島觀光特色的重要觀光節慶之一，然而近年來由於規模縮小、活動內容缺乏在地特色，且同類型競爭者頻出的狀況下，花火節的效益受到不少質疑。作為澎湖最富盛名的觀光節慶活動，花火節是否依舊能對遊客有足夠的吸引力，並結合澎湖在地文化創造出對於遊客來說具有差異性的特別體驗？本研究擬採用體驗行銷作為理論基礎，以量化的調查法輔以質化的焦點團體訪談法，探究澎湖花火節給予遊客體驗之現況，了解其體驗對遊客滿意度及維繫遊客忠誠度的影響，並就得以補強改進之部份提出實務上的建議。研究結果顯示，體驗行銷模組中之感官體驗、思考體驗及行動體驗對顧客滿意度有顯著正向關聯，而感官體驗、思考體驗及關聯體驗對顧客忠誠度間有顯著正向關聯，而顧客滿意度對顧客忠誠度亦有正向關聯。差異性分析方面，人口統計變項及旅遊特性變項均有部份對體驗行銷、顧客滿意度及顧客忠誠度達到顯著差異。焦點團體訪談之結果大部分與量化結果相符，受訪者指出澎湖花火節的煙火聲光效果是類似活動中最佳，但其是否能與在地文化做結合才是主要考量重遊的因素，節目及週邊設施的規劃也需要改善。建議往後澎湖花火節應融入澎湖在地特色，以增加活動與澎湖本身之連結，並進一步提昇體驗；活動的基礎設施與流程管理也應加強，並增加節目的多元性與互動性，以符合不同特性遊客的需求。 / Tourism industry plays a key role in the economy of Penghu County, which lacks natural resources to develop other industries. The Penghu Fireworks Festival, which has been held annually since 2003, is the most important tourism event to help increase the income of tourism and build the special characteristics of the county as a tourism destination, but recently the effect of the event has been doubted because of the shrink of its scale, the lack of authentic localism, and the rise of many imitating competitors. Does the event still have the competitiveness against others to attract tourists? Is there any possibility to bring some local culture in the event to provide extraordinary experience for the tourists? Schmitt’s Experiential Marketing theories is used in this study as the theoretical base to examine the experience of the Penghu Fireworks Festival both quantitatively and qualitatively. Survey method is performed to find out the relationships between the main variables, which are experiential marketing, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. A following focus group discussion is then operated to gain further insights about the outcome of the survey. The result shows that sense, think, and act experiential modules are positively correlated to customer satisfaction. Sense, think, and relate modules are positively correlated to customer loyalty. Customer satisfaction and loyalty also have a positive correlation. ANOVA analysis indicates that differences of experience, customer satisfaction and loyalty among different demographic and tourism variables are partially significant. The result of the focus group discussion is similar to the quantitative analysis. The sensory performance of the Penghu Fireworks Festival is the best among similar events, but what really makes the tourists revisit is whether the event is designed with local culture elements. The content of the shows every night, the event settings and the management system have to be improved as well. Local elements of Penghu should be used as the theme of the festval to make it more relevant to the tourism destination, and to enhance the experience. Physical setting and process of the event should be improved. The content of the event also needs more diversity and interactivity, in order to satisfy the needs of different tourists.

<p><strong>Problem: </strong>The nature of insurances, and indeed the customer-provider relationship in insurance services, lends itself to distinctive characteristics. These characteristics have particular implications on overall perceived service and relationship quality, and thus customer retention. The arguably singular characteristic of mutual mistrust prevalent in insurance service relationships, is a source for costs and lost profitability for insurance companies in Sweden. Bridging the “gap of mistrust”, potentially offered by a seemingly simple service, could entail significant benefits for both parties in an insurance service relationship.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Research Questions: </strong>Does the Aronda Service have the potential to improve a damage adjustment process in a provider-customer insurance service relationship?</p><p><strong> </strong></p><ul><li>Can a more effective damage adjustment process improve an insurance service relation between provider and customer?</li></ul><ul><li>To what extent do the providers perceive that the damage adjustment process is critical to a customer’s stay or switch decisions in an insurance service relationship? </li></ul><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of the thesis is two-fold:</p><ol><li>The aim is to investigate and describe the impact of the damage adjustment process in customer relationships between the privately insured and property insurance companies in Sweden</li><li>And to assess, the potential of the Aronda Service to improve customer relations for insurance companies by improving (in terms of customer satisfaction) the damage adjustment process.</li></ol><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A qualitative method with deductive reasoning was used. The highly contextual nature of customer-provider relationships was deemed, for the purpose of the study, best suited using a qualitative method. Data collection comprised of interviewing several professionals pertaining to the field of property insurance and damage adjustment, academic literature, peer-reviewed articles, and Ph.D. Dissertations.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Theoretical Approach: </strong>The theoretical approach is based on consolidation of widely used theories in the field of service and relationship in the “Critical episode on insurance relationships” perspective, presented by Mikael Gidhagen, Senior lecturer at Uppsala University, Sweden. Although the perspective is originally created for B2B relationships, proved great applicability and relevance.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Empirical foundation: </strong>The empirical foundation consisted of a number of interviews with respondents with extensive corporate and private insurance industry experience. The secondary empirical information was gathered from governmental, consumer services, and industry regulatory bodies’ websites and publications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The uncovered prominent issues in insurance relationships between private individuals and property insurance service providers can at the very least be aided, if not solved, to the benefit of both parties by the proposed digital version of the Aronda “Black Box”. As the importance of documentation in more cases of insurance claims than not are paramount, and by decreasing the coverage knowledge gap of customers, facilitating a matching of service expectations and actual service delivery, customer satisfaction can be more readily achievable for insurance provider. A readily achievable level of customer satisfaction, in turn, means probably prolonged customer retention, and ultimately higher profitability for the insurance companies. As “it cost more to attract a customer, than it does to keep one.”</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

<p>There is a type of business offering gaining much attention, both in the media and in financial figures, which provides the customer with something extra, something to be remembered. This offering is a commercial experience. It is claimed that commercial experiences are different from traditional industry and mass-production and even separated from goods and services. The possibility of creating something extraordinary in order to gain profit is of increasing interest in today’s business world. Consumers are seeking for experiences to reach a higher level of personal growth, an experience that create personal identity and lead to long-lasting memories. This is something an increasing amount of consumers are willing to pay money for - the commercial experience market.</p><p>The purpose of this thesis is to contribute knowledge about and a deeper understanding of commercial experiences, both in general and especially with regard to how customer value is created. The focus of the research was also to strengthen and support organizations that offer commercial experiences. In order to fulfill the purpose, two case studies were conducted with different focal points. The first aimed to find best practice and explore excellent ways of working when providing commercial experiences. The second study aimed to identify the needs for improvement to strengthen organizations offering commercial experiences.</p><p>According to my findings, there seems to be several distinctions between commercial experiences and goods and services. These include; the level of price, the time spent by the customer, the customer affect as strongly emotional and maybe most importantly, the finding that commercial experiences create a higher level of customer value than goods and services. All this proves that the commercial experience is to be considered an offering on its own, a refined customer offer of higher value. Since commercial experiences are said to engage customers in an inherently memorable way, reaching a higher level of customer value than goods and services, is seen as a critical factor. Understanding what the customer really wants, needs and what builds customer value when offering commercial experiences then become particularly important as drivers of success. When studying a particular organization for best practice, several similarities between providing commercial experiences and working according to the core values of TQM were found and established as a factor of business excellence. Further when it comes to providing commercial experiences storytelling, theming and a creative environment stood out as additional factors of business excellence. Moreover, selecting the right co-workers based on their values rather than merely their skills and academic qualifications was seen as an important factor of success. The co-worker is often the co-creator of the experience together with the customer and therefore has an important part to play in the organization. Creating a corporate culture with co-workers sharing the values is seen as essential in order to run a successful business. It appears that any type of organization can provide an experience for the customer, the key is adding on the extra value to reach the level of attractive quality. The commercial experience is described as deeply affecting both the feelings and senses of the customer, resulting in new memories; it is a memorable event the customer is willing to pay for. The commercial experience contains elements of engagement, personal relevance, novelty, surprise and learning and is not limited to certain types of businesses. The fact that this is an area of increasing business interest but as yet a poorly explored one indicates that there is a need to develop improved ways of working, tools and methods, tailor-made for providing commercial experiences. Improved tools for identifying customer expectations and measuring customer satisfaction are clearly needed, especially since this is a growing industry that cannot be ignored. Welcome to further explore the experience economy where new memories are so highly valued that people are prepared to pay for them!</p> / <p>Det är en ny industri på växande frammarsch som får allt större uppmärksamhet i massmedia både utifrån erbjudandet och genom allt mer betydande ekonomiska resultat. En industri som erbjuder kunden något extra, någonting att minnas, en kommersiell upplevelse. Det finns de som hävdar att den kommersiella upplevelsen skiljer sig från traditionell industri med massproduktion och att den till och med är skild från varor och tjänster. Att kunna erbjuda sina kunder någonting extraordinärt för att nå en ökad vinstmarginal är av allt större intresse bland företag idag. Allt fler kunder letar efter en upplevelse som tar dig till en högre nivå av personlig utveckling, en upplevelse som skapar en personlig identitet och leder till minnen för livet. Detta fenomen är något som allt fler människor är villiga att betala pengar för, en kommersiell upplevelsemarknad.</p><p>Det övergripande syftet med licentiatuppsatsen är att bidra med kunskap och skapa en djupare förståelse för kommersiella upplevelser, både på ett generellt plan men även med avseende på hur kundvärde skapas. Ett ytterligare fokus för forskningen är att stärka de organisationer som erbjuder sina kunder en upplevelse. För att uppnå syftet har två fallstudier med olika fokus genomförts. Den första fallstudien innebar att leta efter ett föredöme och belysa goda exempel på arbetssätt som kan användas för att skapa en kommersiell upplevelse. Den andra studien syftade till att identifiera behov för att utveckla och stärka de organisationer som erbjuder sina kunder en kommersiell upplevelse.</p><p>Utifrån mina observationer i fallstudie 1 så verkar det finnas flera saker som skiljer en kommersiell upplevelse från varor och tjänster, som t.ex. prisnivå, kundens spenderade tid, kundens emotionella beröring och kanske mest betydande att den kommersiella upplevelsen når en högre nivå av skapat kundvärde än vad varor och tjänster gör. Allt detta bidrar till att klassificera kommersiella upplevelser som ett eget fenomen, ett erbjudande med ett förädlat kundvärde. Eftersom kommersiella upplevelser påstås beröra kunder på ett minnesvärt sätt, uppnås också en högre nivå av skapat kundvärde än för varor och tjänster. Detta är en kritisk faktor för den kommersiella upplevelsen. Att förstå kundens behov, och vad det är som skapar kundvärde, blir därmed av extra vikt för att lyckas för de organisationer som erbjuder en kommersiell upplevelse.</p><p>Vid studien av en framgångsrik organisation hittades flera likheter i de arbetssätt som användes för att på ett framgångsrikt sätt skapa en upplevelse med de värderingar som beskrivs inom TQM. Ytterligare arbetssätt som utpekas som framgångsfaktorer är storytelling, tematisering och att skapa kreativa arbetsmiljöer. Utöver arbetssätten belystes också vikten av att bygga en organisationskultur baserad på värderingar som fokuserar på att skapa kundvärde. Att rekrytera sin personal baserat i huvudsak på värderingar i stället för enbart på kompetens anses vara ytterligare en framgångsfaktor, detta eftersom medarbetaren ofta skapar upplevelsen i ett möte tillsammans med kunden. Att skapa en organisationskultur som bygger på gemensamma värderingar är viktigt för att nå framgång inom upplevelseindustrin. Det är inte begränsat till en specifik typ av organisation att erbjuda kommersiella upplevelser, det är i stället vikten av att lägga till det extra kundvärdet för att uppnå attraktiv kvalitet som är essentiellt för framgång.</p><p>Den kommersiella upplevelsen beskrivs som något djupt berör kundens känslor och dess sinnen med ett resultat i nya värdefulla minnesbilder. Det är ett minnesvärt ögonblick som kunden är beredd att betala för. De ingredienser som används för att beskriva en kommersiell upplevelse är engagemang, personlig betydelse, nyhetsvärde, överraskning och lärande. Egenskaperna är inte begränsade till att enbart gälla för en viss typ av organisation eller bransch. Det faktum att intresset för att erbjuda kommersiella upplevelser är växande, och att området är relativt outforskat indikerar att det finns flera behov av utveckling, framförallt i att hitta bra arbetssätt och metoder för att identifiera kundens förväntningar och mäta kundnöjdhet. Varmt välkommen att här vidareutforska upplevelseindustrin, där nya minnen värderas så högt att människor är beredda att betala för dem.</p>